精品解析：浙江省杭州市西湖区杭师大附中2025-2026学年高二上期中考英语试题

杭师大附中2025学年第一学期高二年级期中考试 高二英语试卷 命题人、审题人：高一备课组 命题时间：2025. 10 本试题满分150分，考试时间为120分钟 第I卷 第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman hurry to do? A. Go to the classroom. B. Catch the bus. C. Go up one floor. 2. What would the man like to do? A. Return a ticket to the woman. B. Cancel his reservation. C. Buy a plane ticket. 3. When is the project supposed to be finished? A. At 12:00. B. At 11:00. C. Before 10:00. 4. How many cookies were left? A. Three. B. Four. C. Ten. 5. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a hotel. B. In a school. C. In a meeting room. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why will the speakers have a meeting? A. To improve the project. B. To check a project. C. To confirm the design. 7. When will the speakers meet? A. At 8:00, Friday. B. At 9:00, Friday. C. At 9:00, Tuesday. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why is the woman talking to the man A. Because of the poor quality of the goods she bought. B. Because of not getting the promised discount C. Because of the impolite attitude of the salesgirl. 9. What will the man give to the woman? A. A letter of apology. B. Some money. C. A new product. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. How often does the man contact his aunt? A. Once a week. B. Once a month. C. Seldom. 11. Why didn’t his aunt chat with him online? A. Her kids keep her busy all the time. B. She’s not interested in using the computer. C. She does not have a computer in her house. 12. What will he do next? A. Ask his uncle for help. B. Teach his aunt himself. C. Ask his cousins for help. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What has happened to the flight? A. It is delayed. B. It is canceled. C. It has a major problem. 14. What is the man? A. A film director. B. A host for a conference. C. A leader of an organization. 15. What has to be weighed? A The bag. B. The laptop. C. The carry-on bag. 16. What seat will the man take? A. A seat in front of the TV screens. B. A seat four rows back TV screens. C. A seat three rows back TV screens. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How did the man help the old lady? A. He took the sick lady to hospital. B. He carried her bags and took her home. C. He helped her to find her son’s home. 18 Why did the man tell a white lie? A. To comfort the old lady. B. To make friends with the old lady. C. To win the trust of the old lady. 19. When did the man’s grandmother die? A. 20 years ago. B. 25 years ago. C. 30 years ago. 20. What did it turn out to be? A. The old lady was his father’s aunt. B. The old lady was his father’s neighbor. C. The old lady looked after the man when he was two. 第二部分：阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Most of us could benefit from washing our bedding more often. Sheets, pillowcases, and mattresses can harbor dirt, germs and allergens (过敏原) that affect our skin and overall health. But what’s the sweet spot for washing frequency? Our website asked experts to share their preferred intervals (间隔) and tips on how to do it well. Pillowcases Pillowcases are the landing pad for your skin, hair and all the oils and dirt carried with them. It is recommended that pillowcases should be washed at least once a week. People who have sensitive skin or allergies often benefit from a more frequent routine, like every three to four days. To help clean cases last longer, shower before bed. And don’t forget your pillows: washing them once per season is the sweet spot. Sheets At a minimum, you should wash your sheets once a week. But a variety of factors call for more frequent washing. One is the summer heat, since sweat “can lead to bacteria and odor on our sheets.” Plus, allergens like pollen can travel inside with you, so washing more frequently can help reduce symptoms. Mattresses Every time you strip the bedding, let the mattress breathe for a bit rather than immediately putting on a new set of sheets. “Leave it for a few hours with some windows open.” Still air and covered mattresses encourage dust mites and allergens to thrive. Vacuum (用吸尘器吸) it two to three times a year. If it smells, sprinkle on a thin layer of baking soda, let it sit for a few hours. And then vacuum it up. 1. Which of the following bedding is advised to be cleaned once per season? A. Pillowcases. B. Pillows. C. Sheets. D. Mattresses. 2. Which is a proper way to clean the mattress? A. Exposing it to fresh air for a few minutes. B. Vacuuming it up before spraying baking soda. C. Removing the bedding and leaving it for a while. D. Placing new sheets instantly when making the bed. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A lifestyle website. B. A health magazine. C. A medical journal. D. A product handbook. B Imagine a potter(陶工), sitting quietly on a small chair, holding soft clay(黏土) in his hands, sculpting it as he spins the pottery wheel. The clay’s fate is completely in the potter’s hands. A skilled potter would turn it into a beautiful container but the same clay, when handed to a green hand, may be ruined. Just as the potter shapes clay into containers, our lives are shaped by the hands of our surroundings — the people we meet, the places we go, each conversation and every experience shape us into who we are. Jim Rohn once said, “You are the average of the top 5 people you spend your most time with.” Now think about the company you keep — the ones who share your joys, wipe tears away and share your dreams. Every part of you is nothing but their average. Back in middle school, most of my classmates didn’t quite match my level of intellect (智力). More often than not, I stood out from them; although it felt really satisfying, it somehow lacked the challenge I desired. It wasn’t until I started high school that I found what I was searching for. High school did feel frightening at first. I found myself surrounded by brighter, wiser and prettier faces than I ever imagined. I felt inadequate compared to them, but it was in that discomfort that I found growth. To grow, you got to be with people who stand out in areas where you fall short, those who inspire you to learn and improve. Just as tough competition pushes athletes to stand out, great people bring out the best in you. So, find your people, people who’ll inspire and uplift you, who have qualities you want. They wouldn’t simply hand you success but force you to lift yourself higher and higher. But if negativity surrounds you, don’t expect positive changes in your life. If you’re always with people who see nothing but reasons why things can’t be done, then that will also become your reality. 4. What does the author compare our surroundings to? A. The potter. B. The clay. C. The pottery wheel. D. The container. 5. Which of the following best describes the author’s high school? A. Dull. B. Painful. C. Rewarding. D. Thrilling. 6. Who does the author suggest readers be with in order to grow? A. People who motivate them to advance. B. People who match their level of intellect. C. People who work in the same area as they do. D People who share happiness and sorrow with them. 7. What is the message conveyed in the text? A. Toughness leads to success. B. Positivity outweighs hard work. C. Birds of a feather gather together. D. Success loves a successful company. C We’ve all had the experience. We’re reading along and suddenly realize that although our eyes are scanning the words on the page, nothing is actually registering. Minutes pass before we realize that we’ve lost the plot entirely. In classrooms, students tend to experience this drift (偏移) in attention while reading texts that are challenging or highly technical — the sorts of passages middle schoolers and high schoolers might encounter in science, math, or history. In a 2024 study of “mindless reading,” researchers from the University of Wü rzburg tracked the reading speed and attention of undergraduates studying a complex science text. At multiple points during the exercise, prompts (提示) appeared asking students “Was your mind wandering when you read the last sentence?” Students confirmed multiple instances of loss of attention. Researchers found that variations in reading speed, lingering (逗留) on the same passage for long periods, and skipping words were signals that students were struggling to remain focused or to understand the material, and also predicted poorer performance on later tests. But these problems are not insolvable. The University of Wü rzburg researchers also concluded that when students were trained to recognize when they lost track of sentence-level information or got stuck on passages — and were taught strategies to “plan, monitor, and regulate their reading” — they were able to successfully re-route their attention. To convince students of the importance of effective reading strategies, it’s important to explain the long-term benefits of sticking through complex texts. For example, learning how to make sense of a technical science text may help if students decide to work in engineering. The skills they use to make sense of a history text may help in future legal careers. Try to make it clear, literacy expert Timothy Shanahan says, that when we teach students how to push through difficult texts, “what we’re really doing is showing them how to gain access to all of these different fields in our society.” 8. Students tend to lose their focus while reading if ________. A. the reading text is long B. they are in a classroom C. the reading material is complex D. they are middle or high schoolers 9. Which of the following is a signal of “mindless reading”? A. Reading too quickly. B. Poor performance on tests. C. Changes in reading speed. D. Spending much time reading. 10. What should students do if they experience “mindless reading”? A. Change the reading materials. B. Get to know why they get stuck on passages. C. Learn to notice when their attention wanders. D. Pay more attention to sentence-level information. 11. What is Shanahan’s attitude to helping students push through difficult texts? A. Favorable. B. Cautious. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear. D Enjoying a juicy watermelon is one of summer’s greatest pleasures, particularly when you don’t have to avoid any seeds. Indeed, humans have adapted many fruits to be seedless in search of a more pleasant eating experience. The navel orange (a sweet orange that is usually seedless), for example, came about after a random genetic mutation (随机的基因突变) produced a single branch with seedless fruit long ago. Cuttings of the branch were joined to other trees, and today, all of the world’s navel oranges are copies of this original. A similar discovery led to seedless grapes, which are thought to first appear in ancient Rome before making their way to the Americas in the 1870s. Scientists have a few guesses about why plants might have developed these abilities and they tried out the combinations in experiments. For one, plants can hybridize more easily than some kinds of animals, and hybridization unlocks the new potential. Even if some combinations don’t pan out, researchers have recorded examples of “hybrid advantage”, in which a hybrid is fitter than either of its parents. Lastly, because the purpose of fruit is to draw animals near to help spread their seeds, the production of fruits without fertilization (受精) may ultimately allow trees to produce more fruit at a lower energetic cost if they don’t need to make seeds, too. Regardless of why seedless fruits exist, they represent an interesting thought experiment, according to Stacey Smith, a plant evolutionary biologist at the University of Colorado Boulder. Many are unable to continue surviving without human involvement, but they’re boosted to grow in the wild for that same reason. There are very few, if any, wild navel oranges, and yet it’s estimated that California will produce 76 million cartons of them this year alone. “My personal take is that all plants under human care have won in some sense, because they don’t have to make more of themselves. We do it for them,” Smith told Live Science. “And we will never stop eating watermelons, and being able to make seedless ones just means we eat more watermelons.” 12. What is the similarity between the orange and grape mentioned in the text? A. Being native to ancient Rome. B. Being seedless due to genetic change. C. Being grown from seeds rather than cuttings. D Being joined to other plants for a sweeter taste. 13. What does the underlined phrase “pan out” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Die out. B. Fall through. C. Come apart. D. Work out. 14. Why is the existence of seedless fruits considered a thought experiment? A. It contributes to the balance of nature. B. People still have doubts regarding seedless fruits. C. It inspires thinking on natural selection and human activity. D. Seedless fruits have a high demand but limited production. 15. What is the best title of the text? A. Hybridization: The Key to Seedless Fruits’ Success B. Seedless Fruits: A Human-Aided Evolutionary Wonder C. The Journey of Seedless Fruits: From Mutation to Market D. Genetic Mutations: The Only Way to Create Seedless Fruits 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Have Better, Deeper Conversations In today’s fast-paced world, distractions are everywhere, especially from our phones. When catching up with friends, it can be frustrating when their attention shifts away.____16____ It’s a skill that can be cultivated. Here are three key ways to enhance your listening ability. Avoid distractions. To be an effective listener, start by putting away your phone and other distractions. Research shows that multitasking distracts our attention and hampers the quality of our conversations. As musician Hishikesh Hirway says, “Trying to listen to one song while singing another in your head is impossible.”____17____ Reflect on what you hear. Active listening is more than just being silent.____18____ Phrases like “What I hear you saying is” can confirm your understanding. Also, resist the urge to share your own stories immediately; keep the conversation centered on them. ____19____ Nonverbal communication plays a vital role in conversations. Maintaining eye contact, having an open posture, and nodding can show that you’re engaged. These small gestures help the other person feel valued and encourage them to continue sharing. Improving your listening skills takes practice.____20____ As Hirway advises, “Let the other person know you’re listening and stay focused.” A. Use nonverbal cues. B. Look up to show interest. C. So to build stronger relationships, active listening is essential. D. But with a bit more effort, you can foster deeper conversations. E. Engage by asking questions or summarizing what the other person says F. Therefore, during conversations, focus fully on the person in front of you. G. Taking notes while listening can help you remember the conversation better. 第三部分：语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Here I was, sitting in the roller coaster (过山车) cart of Kingda Ka in New Jersey, the tallest and second fastest roller coaster on Earth. My friends shouted in excitement, while I shakily ___21___ my hands on my shorts. “How can you be so excited when...” My words caught in my throat and melted into screams as the roller coaster suddenly ___22___ forward. It was the fastest ___23___ I had ever experienced in my life: 128 miles per hour. I screamed at the top of my ___24___ as fear froze me up from inside. We rapidly moved up the skinny hump (驼峰) rising into the clouds at a ninety degree angle, having crossed the track bringing us forward in mere ___25___. ___26___, close to the highest part of the hump, I ___27___ a little. My screams became less terrified and more energetic. Once we reached the ___28___ of the hump, I could almost touch the sky. And then we were spiraling (盘旋) downwards, curving and twisting and ___29___ towards Earth at the same speed. ____30____ I realized it, we had already met the ground. It was a thirty-second-long ride. I managed to ____31____ the entire ride without a breakdown. I gasped in surprise. It was over. I had not only survived the ride—I had ____32____ it. My friend turned to me, her eyes ____33____. “Are you ready for the next roller coaster?” My head felt light as we walked away from the ride spinning with something I didn’t ____34____ recognize. It took me a few minutes to put a name to it — thrill. “I’m ready for anything.” Until today, that ____35____ ride that I went on 20 years ago is still kept alive in my memory. 21. A. wiped B. waved C. joined D. cleaned 22. A. removed B. rocketed C. struggled D. marched 23. A. launch B. operation C. ride D. flight 24. A. cheeks B. throat C. heart D. lungs 25. A. minutes B. hours C. seconds D. occasions 26. A. Instead B. Meanwhile C. Therefore D. However 27. A. broke down B. calmed down C. made up D. dressed up 28. A. top B. point C. track D. location 29. A. swinging B. escaping C. shooting D. roaring 30. A. After B. Though C. Before D. While 31 A. take off B. carry on C. go through D. get through 32. A. enjoyed B. deserved C. hated D. confirmed 33. A. bright B. wet C. closed D. open 34. A. gradually B. absolutely C. immediately D. eventually 35. A. romantic B. thrilling C. alarming D. awkward 第Ⅱ卷 第二节 (10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chen Ning Yang, a famous Chinese physicist and Nobel Prize winner, passed away at the age of 103, according to Chinese media. He was known ____36____ one of the most influential scientists in the world. In 1957, Yang and another physicist, Tsung-Dao Lee, ____37____ (win) the Nobel Prize in Physics for their research on the law of parity. Their ____38____ (discover) helped people better understand elementary particles, the tiny parts that make up all matter. ____39____ (bear) in 1922 in Anhui Province, Yang was the eldest of five children. Growing up on the campus of Tsinghua University, ____40____ his father taught mathematics, he developed a deep love for science. As a teenager, Yang once told his parents, “One day, I want to win the Nobel Prize.” ____41____ (remarkable), this dream came true at the age of 35. ____42____ (earn) his bachelor’s degree in 1942 from the National Southwest Associated University in Kunming, Yang went on ____43____ (complete) a master’s degree at Tsinghua. After the Sino-Japanese War, he went to the United States on a Tsinghua fellowship ____44____ studied at the University of Chicago under Enrico Fermi, who built the world’s first nuclear reactor. Throughout his long career, Yang made ____45____ (contribution) to many fields of physics, focusing especially on statistical mechanics and symmetry principles. It was not only the Nobel Prize that honored him; in 1957, he received the Albert Einstein Commemorative Award, and a year later, an honorary doctorate from Princeton University — a clear recognition of his lifelong devotion to science. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文 (满分15分) 46. 假如你是高中生李华，你的交换生朋友Peter回国后，计划创立一个传播中国传统文化的社团。他写信向你寻求建议。请根据以下提示给他回信。 1.表示赞同； 2.具体建议； 3.其它。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 An Angel on a Snowy Night The wind was blowing hard as I was driving down the twists and turns of the country road. I was desperate to get home before dark, but there seemed no way. The forecast said there was going to be a heavy snow on the way. It was freezing cold outside. The wind was blowing against the windows, letting out buzzing noises. Hair standing on end, I stepped hard on the accelerator, longing to make it to my cozy home earlier. The car was roaring along the rough road when I suddenly heard a big bang coming from behind. The car somehow slowed down, and I managed to pull it over to the side of the road. I was in a cold sweat from extreme terror, wondering what had just happened. Dragging myself out of the driver’s seat, I shivered with cold. Suddenly, a gust of cold wind cleared my head. Quickly I examined the car. Much to my surprise, no serious damage was done. It was just a flat tire, but the car couldn’t move forward an inch! It was black dark outside. There was not a single soul around to turn to. A wave of fear instantly washed over me. Worse still, it began to snow at the very moment. Snowflakes were dancing in the air at the mercy of howling wind. How I wished someone could come to my rescue just in time! With nowhere to hide, I had to wait in the darkness, cold and helpless. I waited and waited, but no car or truck passed by. Swallowed by complete darkness, I almost went mad. “What if no one comes? What should I do?”, I mumbled. At this point, I was totally seized by anxiety and fear. My patience was running out when loud noises boomed out from the dark night. There came a Ford pickup, with dazzling light cast over the white snow. I sprang to my feet, waving my arms crazily. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para 1: The pickup finally stopped and out stepped the driver. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para 2: The driver drew back and refused to take the money. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 杭师大附中2025学年第一学期高二年级期中考试 高二英语试卷 命题人、审题人：高一备课组 命题时间：2025. 10 本试题满分150分，考试时间为120分钟 第I卷 第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman hurry to do? A. Go to the classroom. B. Catch the bus. C. Go up one floor. 2. What would the man like to do? A. Return a ticket to the woman. B. Cancel his reservation. C. Buy a plane ticket. 3. When is the project supposed to be finished? A. At 12:00. B. At 11:00. C. Before 10:00. 4. How many cookies were left? A. Three. B. Four. C. Ten. 5. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a hotel. B. In a school. C. In a meeting room. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why will the speakers have a meeting? A. To improve the project. B. To check a project. C. To confirm the design. 7. When will the speakers meet? A. At 8:00, Friday. B. At 9:00, Friday. C. At 9:00, Tuesday. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why is the woman talking to the man A. Because of the poor quality of the goods she bought. B. Because of not getting the promised discount C. Because of the impolite attitude of the salesgirl. 9. What will the man give to the woman? A. A letter of apology. B. Some money. C. A new product. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. How often does the man contact his aunt? A. Once a week. B. Once a month. C. Seldom. 11. Why didn’t his aunt chat with him online? A. Her kids keep her busy all the time. B. She’s not interested in using the computer. C. She does not have a computer in her house. 12. What will he do next? A. Ask his uncle for help. B. Teach his aunt himself. C. Ask his cousins for help. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What has happened to the flight? A. It is delayed. B. It is canceled. C. It has a major problem. 14. What is the man? A. A film director. B. A host for a conference. C. A leader of an organization. 15. What has to be weighed? A The bag. B. The laptop. C. The carry-on bag. 16. What seat will the man take? A. A seat in front of the TV screens. B. A seat four rows back TV screens. C. A seat three rows back TV screens. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How did the man help the old lady? A. He took the sick lady to hospital. B. He carried her bags and took her home. C. He helped her to find her son’s home. 18. Why did the man tell a white lie? A. To comfort the old lady. B. To make friends with the old lady. C. To win the trust of the old lady. 19. When did the man’s grandmother die? A. 20 years ago. B. 25 years ago. C. 30 years ago. 20. What did it turn out to be? A. The old lady was his father’s aunt. B. The old lady was his father’s neighbor. C. The old lady looked after the man when he was two. 第二部分：阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Most of us could benefit from washing our bedding more often. Sheets, pillowcases, and mattresses can harbor dirt, germs and allergens (过敏原) that affect our skin and overall health. But what’s the sweet spot for washing frequency? Our website asked experts to share their preferred intervals (间隔) and tips on how to do it well. Pillowcases Pillowcases are the landing pad for your skin, hair and all the oils and dirt carried with them. It is recommended that pillowcases should be washed at least once a week. People who have sensitive skin or allergies often benefit from a more frequent routine, like every three to four days. To help clean cases last longer, shower before bed. And don’t forget your pillows: washing them once per season is the sweet spot. Sheets At a minimum, you should wash your sheets once a week. But a variety of factors call for more frequent washing. One is the summer heat, since sweat “can lead to bacteria and odor on our sheets.” Plus, allergens like pollen can travel inside with you, so washing more frequently can help reduce symptoms. Mattresses Every time you strip the bedding, let the mattress breathe for a bit rather than immediately putting on a new set of sheets. “Leave it for a few hours with some windows open.” Still air and covered mattresses encourage dust mites and allergens to thrive. Vacuum (用吸尘器吸) it two to three times a year. If it smells, sprinkle on a thin layer of baking soda, let it sit for a few hours. And then vacuum it up. 1. Which of the following bedding is advised to be cleaned once per season? A. Pillowcases. B. Pillows. C. Sheets. D. Mattresses. 2. Which is a proper way to clean the mattress? A. Exposing it to fresh air for a few minutes. B. Vacuuming it up before spraying baking soda. C. Removing the bedding and leaving it for a while. D. Placing new sheets instantly when making the bed. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A lifestyle website. B. A health magazine. C. A medical journal. D. A product handbook. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是如何清洗床单、枕套和床垫的建议。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Pillowcases部分的“And don’t forget your pillows: washing them once per season is the sweet spot.(别忘了你的枕头：每个季节洗一次是最好的。)”可知，建议每季清洗一次的是枕头。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mattresses部分“Every time you strip the bedding, let the mattress breathe for a bit rather than immediately putting on a new set of sheets.(每次剥下被褥时，让床垫呼吸一会儿，而不是立即换上一套新被褥。)”可知，清洁床垫的正确方法是把床上用品拿走，放一会儿。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Most of us could benefit from washing our bedding more often. Sheets, pillowcases, and mattresses can harbor dirt, germs and allergens (过敏原) that affect our skin and overall health. But what’s the sweet spot for washing frequency? Our website asked experts to share their preferred intervals (间隔) and tips on how to do it well.(经常洗床上用品对我们大多数人都有好处。床单、枕套和床垫会藏有污垢、细菌和过敏原，影响我们的皮肤和整体健康。但洗涤频率的最佳点是什么呢？我们的网站邀请专家分享他们喜欢的间隔时间以及如何做好的建议。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是如何清洗床单、枕套和床垫，因此可能来自于一个生活方式网站。故选A。 B Imagine a potter(陶工), sitting quietly on a small chair, holding soft clay(黏土) in his hands, sculpting it as he spins the pottery wheel. The clay’s fate is completely in the potter’s hands. A skilled potter would turn it into a beautiful container but the same clay, when handed to a green hand, may be ruined. Just as the potter shapes clay into containers, our lives are shaped by the hands of our surroundings — the people we meet, the places we go, each conversation and every experience shape us into who we are. Jim Rohn once said, “You are the average of the top 5 people you spend your most time with.” Now think about the company you keep — the ones who share your joys, wipe tears away and share your dreams. Every part of you is nothing but their average. Back in middle school, most of my classmates didn’t quite match my level of intellect (智力). More often than not, I stood out from them; although it felt really satisfying, it somehow lacked the challenge I desired. It wasn’t until I started high school that I found what I was searching for. High school did feel frightening at first. I found myself surrounded by brighter, wiser and prettier faces than I ever imagined. I felt inadequate compared to them, but it was in that discomfort that I found growth. To grow, you got to be with people who stand out in areas where you fall short, those who inspire you to learn and improve. Just as tough competition pushes athletes to stand out, great people bring out the best in you. So, find your people, people who’ll inspire and uplift you, who have qualities you want. They wouldn’t simply hand you success but force you to lift yourself higher and higher. But if negativity surrounds you, don’t expect positive changes in your life. If you’re always with people who see nothing but reasons why things can’t be done, then that will also become your reality. 4. What does the author compare our surroundings to? A. The potter. B. The clay. C. The pottery wheel. D. The container. 5. Which of the following best describes the author’s high school? A. Dull. B. Painful. C. Rewarding. D. Thrilling. 6. Who does the author suggest readers be with in order to grow? A. People who motivate them to advance. B. People who match their level of intellect. C. People who work in the same area as they do. D. People who share happiness and sorrow with them. 7. What is the message conveyed in the text? A. Toughness leads to success. B. Positivity outweighs hard work. C. Birds of a feather gather together. D. Success loves a successful company. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，通过对陶工和黏土的比喻，讲述了环境对我们成长的塑造作用，强调要与激励我们进步的人为伍，从而实现自我提升。 4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Just as the potter shapes clay into containers, our lives are shaped by the hands of our surroundings—the people we meet, the places we go, each conversation and every experience shape us into who we are. (正如陶工将黏土塑造成容器一样，我们的生活也被环境所塑造——我们遇到的人、去过的地方、每一次交谈和经验都在塑造我们是谁)”可知，作者将我们的环境比作陶工，环境对我们的成长起到塑造作用。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“High school did feel frightening at first. I found myself surrounded by brighter, wiser and prettier faces than I ever imagined. I felt inadequate compared to them, but it was in that discomfort that I found growth. (一开始高中确实令人害怕。我发现周围的人比我想象的更聪明、更聪慧、更漂亮。相比之下，我感到自惭形秽，但正是在这种不适中，我找到了成长)”可知，作者面对更优秀的同伴，初时有压力但随后通过竞争实现了成长，因此可以用“rewarding”(回报丰厚的、有收获的)来描述作者的高中体验。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“To grow, you got to be with people who stand out in areas where you fall short, those who inspire you to learn and improve. (要成长，你必须与那些在你不足的领域中脱颖而出的人在一起，他们会激励你学习和提高)”可知，作者建议与能够激励我们进步的人在一起，这样才能促成自我成长。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第六段“So, find your people, people who’ll inspire and uplift you, who have qualities you want. They wouldn’t simply hand you success but force you to lift yourself higher and higher..(所以，找到你的人，那些会激励和提升你的人，他们拥有你想要的品质。他们不会直接把成功交到你手里，而是迫使你不断提升自己)”以及全文核心思想强调与优秀的人为伍，以提升自我。故“Success loves a successful company (成功者喜欢结交成功者)”最能概括文章主旨。故选D。 C We’ve all had the experience. We’re reading along and suddenly realize that although our eyes are scanning the words on the page, nothing is actually registering. Minutes pass before we realize that we’ve lost the plot entirely. In classrooms, students tend to experience this drift (偏移) in attention while reading texts that are challenging or highly technical — the sorts of passages middle schoolers and high schoolers might encounter in science, math, or history. In a 2024 study of “mindless reading,” researchers from the University of Wü rzburg tracked the reading speed and attention of undergraduates studying a complex science text. At multiple points during the exercise, prompts (提示) appeared asking students “Was your mind wandering when you read the last sentence?” Students confirmed multiple instances of loss of attention. Researchers found that variations in reading speed, lingering (逗留) on the same passage for long periods, and skipping words were signals that students were struggling to remain focused or to understand the material, and also predicted poorer performance on later tests. But these problems are not insolvable. The University of Wü rzburg researchers also concluded that when students were trained to recognize when they lost track of sentence-level information or got stuck on passages — and were taught strategies to “plan, monitor, and regulate their reading” — they were able to successfully re-route their attention. To convince students of the importance of effective reading strategies, it’s important to explain the long-term benefits of sticking through complex texts. For example, learning how to make sense of a technical science text may help if students decide to work in engineering. The skills they use to make sense of a history text may help in future legal careers. Try to make it clear, literacy expert Timothy Shanahan says, that when we teach students how to push through difficult texts, “what we’re really doing is showing them how to gain access to all of these different fields in our society.” 8 Students tend to lose their focus while reading if ________. A. the reading text is long B. they are in a classroom C. the reading material is complex D. they are middle or high schoolers 9. Which of the following is a signal of “mindless reading”? A. Reading too quickly. B. Poor performance on tests. C. Changes in reading speed. D. Spending much time reading. 10. What should students do if they experience “mindless reading”? A. Change the reading materials. B. Get to know why they get stuck on passages. C. Learn to notice when their attention wanders. D. Pay more attention to sentence-level information. 11. What is Shanahan’s attitude to helping students push through difficult texts? A. Favorable. B. Cautious. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear. 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了学生在阅读复杂或具有技术性的文本时容易分心，并且对其后果进行了分析，提出了解决的方法，并强调培养有效阅读策略的重要性。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In classrooms, students tend to experience this drift (偏移) in attention while reading texts that are challenging or highly technical—the sorts of passages middle schoolers and high schoolers might encounter in science, math, or history.”(在课堂上，学生在阅读具有挑战性或高度技术性的文本时往往会注意力涣散——这类文本可能出现在中学生或高中生的科学、数学或历史内容中)”可知，学生在阅读复杂材料时容易失去注意力。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Researchers found that variations in reading speed, lingering (逗留) on the same passage for long periods, and skipping words were signals that students were struggling to remain focused or to understand the material.(研究人员发现，阅读速度的变化、长时间停留在同一段落，以及跳过单词是学生难以集中注意力或理解材料的信号)”可知，“心不在焉的阅读”的信号是阅读速度发生变化。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“when students were trained to recognize when they lost track of sentence-level information or got stuck on passages—and were taught strategies to “plan, monitor, and regulate their reading”—they were able to successfully re-route their attention.(当学生被训练识别出他们在句子层面上失去信息或在段落中卡住时——并被教授“计划、监控和调节阅读”的策略——他们能够成功地重新集中注意力)”可知，学生应学会识别什么时候注意力涣散了。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Try to make it clear, literacy expert Timothy Shanahan says, that when we teach students how to push through difficult texts, “what we’re really doing is showing them how to gain access to all of these different fields in our society.(试着讲清楚，阅读专家蒂莫西·沙纳汉说，当我们教学生如何克服难懂的文本时，“我们实际上是在向他们展示如何进入我们社会的所有这些不同领域。”)”可知，Shanahan对帮助学生克服困难文本持支持态度。故选A。 D Enjoying a juicy watermelon is one of summer’s greatest pleasures, particularly when you don’t have to avoid any seeds. Indeed, humans have adapted many fruits to be seedless in search of a more pleasant eating experience. The navel orange (a sweet orange that is usually seedless), for example, came about after a random genetic mutation (随机的基因突变) produced a single branch with seedless fruit long ago. Cuttings of the branch were joined to other trees, and today, all of the world’s navel oranges are copies of this original. A similar discovery led to seedless grapes, which are thought to first appear in ancient Rome before making their way to the Americas in the 1870s. Scientists have a few guesses about why plants might have developed these abilities and they tried out the combinations in experiments. For one, plants can hybridize more easily than some kinds of animals, and hybridization unlocks the new potential. Even if some combinations don’t pan out, researchers have recorded examples of “hybrid advantage”, in which a hybrid is fitter than either of its parents. Lastly, because the purpose of fruit is to draw animals near to help spread their seeds, the production of fruits without fertilization (受精) may ultimately allow trees to produce more fruit at a lower energetic cost if they don’t need to make seeds, too. Regardless of why seedless fruits exist, they represent an interesting thought experiment, according to Stacey Smith, a plant evolutionary biologist at the University of Colorado Boulder. Many are unable to continue surviving without human involvement, but they’re boosted to grow in the wild for that same reason. There are very few, if any, wild navel oranges, and yet it’s estimated that California will produce 76 million cartons of them this year alone. “My personal take is that all plants under human care have won in some sense, because they don’t have to make more of themselves. We do it for them,” Smith told Live Science. “And we will never stop eating watermelons, and being able to make seedless ones just means we eat more watermelons.” 12. What is the similarity between the orange and grape mentioned in the text? A. Being native to ancient Rome. B. Being seedless due to genetic change. C. Being grown from seeds rather than cuttings. D. Being joined to other plants for a sweeter taste. 13. What does the underlined phrase “pan out” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Die out. B. Fall through. C. Come apart. D. Work out. 14. Why is the existence of seedless fruits considered a thought experiment? A. It contributes to the balance of nature. B. People still have doubts regarding seedless fruits. C. It inspires thinking on natural selection and human activity. D. Seedless fruits have a high demand but limited production. 15. What is the best title of the text? A. Hybridization: The Key to Seedless Fruits’ Success B. Seedless Fruits: A Human-Aided Evolutionary Wonder C. The Journey of Seedless Fruits: From Mutation to Market D. Genetic Mutations: The Only Way to Create Seedless Fruits 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了无籽水果的起源、发展以及它们与人类活动的关系。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The navel orange (a sweet orange that is usually seedless), for example, came about after a random genetic mutation produced a single branch with seedless fruit long ago. (例如，脐橙，一种通常无籽的甜橙，是在很久以前随机的基因突变产生了一个无籽果实的单枝后产生的)”和“A similar discovery led to seedless grapes, which are thought to first appear in ancient Rome before making their way to the Americas in the 1870s. (类似的发现导致了无籽葡萄的出现，无籽葡萄被认为最早出现在古罗马，然后在19世纪70年代传到了美洲)”可知，脐橙和无籽葡萄的相似之处在于都是由于基因变化而变得无籽。故选B项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。画线部分的上文“Scientists have a few guesses about why plants might have developed these abilities and they tried out the combinations in experiments. For one, plants can hybridize more easily than some kinds of animals, and hybridization unlocks the new potential. (科学家们对植物为什么会发展出这些能力有一些猜测，他们在实验中尝试了这些组合。首先，植物比某些动物更容易杂交，而杂交释放了新的潜力)”提到科学家们尝试不同的组合，用杂交的手段释放新的潜力，Even if“即使”表示让步关系，再结合画线部分的下文“researchers have recorded examples of “hybrid advantage”, in which a hybrid is fitter than either of its parents (研究人员也记录了“杂交优势”的例子，在这种情况下，杂交后代比其父母中的任何一个都更适合)”可推知，虽然有些组合可能不成功，但也存在杂交优势的例子，画线部分意思应该是“成功，奏效”，与Work out意思最为接近。故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Regardless of why seedless fruits exist, they represent an interesting thought experiment, according to Stacey Smith, a plant evolutionary biologist at the University of Colorado Boulder. Many are unable to continue surviving without human involvement, but they’re boosted to grow in the wild for that same reason. (科罗拉多大学博尔德分校的植物进化生物学家Stacey Smith表示，不管无籽水果存在的原因是什么，它们都代表了一个有趣的思想实验。如果没有人类的参与，许多水果无法继续生存，但出于同样的原因，它们被鼓励在野外生长)”可知，无籽水果的存在依赖于人类的干预，而不是自然选择。由此推知，无籽水果的存在是一个有趣的思想实验，是因为这引发了关于自然选择和人类活动之间关系的思考。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中Smith所说的话“My personal take is that all plants under human care have won in some sense, because they don’t have to make more of themselves. We do it for them (我个人的看法是，所有在人类照料下的植物都在某种意义上取得了胜利，因为它们不需要自己繁殖。我们为它们完成了这个活动)”可知，文章主要介绍了无籽水果的起源、发展以及它们与人类活动的关系。文章提到，无籽水果的出现是由于基因突变和人类的选择性繁殖，并且它们的生存依赖于人类的干预。因此，B项“无籽水果：人类辅助的进化奇迹”最能概括文章的核心内容，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Have Better, Deeper Conversations In today’s fast-paced world, distractions are everywhere, especially from our phones. When catching up with friends, it can be frustrating when their attention shifts away.____16____ It’s a skill that can be cultivated. Here are three key ways to enhance your listening ability. Avoid distractions. To be an effective listener, start by putting away your phone and other distractions. Research shows that multitasking distracts our attention and hampers the quality of our conversations. As musician Hishikesh Hirway says, “Trying to listen to one song while singing another in your head is impossible.”____17____ Reflect on what you hear. Active listening is more than just being silent.____18____ Phrases like “What I hear you saying is” can confirm your understanding. Also, resist the urge to share your own stories immediately; keep the conversation centered on them. ____19____ Nonverbal communication plays a vital role in conversations. Maintaining eye contact, having an open posture, and nodding can show that you’re engaged. These small gestures help the other person feel valued and encourage them to continue sharing. Improving your listening skills takes practice.____20____ As Hirway advises, “Let the other person know you’re listening and stay focused.” A. Use nonverbal cues. B. Look up to show interest. C. So to build stronger relationships, active listening is essential. D. But with a bit more effort, you can foster deeper conversations. E. Engage by asking questions or summarizing what the other person says F. Therefore, during conversations, focus fully on the person in front of you. G. Taking notes while listening can help you remember the conversation better. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. E 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇文章主要讲述了如何通过提升自己的聆听能力，促进更深层次交流。 【16题详解】 根据上文“In today’s fast-paced world, distractions are everywhere, especially from our phones. When catching up with fiends, it can be frustrating when their attention shifts away.(在当今快节奏的世界里，干扰无处不在，尤其是来自手机的干扰。当你和朋友聊天时，他们的注意力会转移，这会让你感到沮丧)”以及下文“It’s a skill that can be cultivated. Here are three key ways to enhance your listening ability.(这是一种可以培养的技能。这里有三个提高听力能力的关键方法)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出倾听对于建立关系的重要性。故C选项“因此，为了建立更牢固的关系，积极倾听是必不可少的”符合语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据上文“As musician Hishikesh Hirway says, “Trying to listen to one song while singing another in your head is impossible.”(正如音乐家Hishikesh Hirway所说：“试图在你脑海里一边听一首歌一边唱另一首歌是不可能的。”)”可知，上文提到音乐家所言，想要听着一首歌再唱出另一首歌这是不可能的。说明了在谈话中我们要全心全意关注和你讲话的这个人，不受其他干扰，故F选项“因此，在谈话中，把注意力完全集中在你面前的人身上”符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Active listening is more than just being silent(积极倾听不仅仅是保持沉默)”可知，上文提到了积极倾听不仅仅是保持沉默，本句继续补充积极倾听的要求。故E选项“通过提问或总结对方所说的内容来参与”符合语境。故选E。 【19题详解】 根据本段内容“Nonverbal communication plays a vital role in conversations. Maintaining eye contact, having an open posture, and nodding can show that you’re engaged. These small gestures help the other person feel valued and encourage them to continue sharing.(非语言交际在谈话中起着至关重要的作用。保持眼神交流，保持开放的姿势，点头都能表明你在认真倾听。这些小小的举动可以帮助对方感到被重视，并鼓励他们继续分享)”可知，本段主要说明了肢体语言在谈话中的作用，A选项nonverbal cues对应后文Nonverbal communication。故A选项“使用非语言暗示”符合语境。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Improving your listening skills takes practice.(提高倾听技能需要练习)”以及下文“As Hirway advises, “Let the other person know you’re listening and stay focused.”(正如Hirway建议的那样，“让对方知道你在倾听，并保持专注。”)”可知，上文提到了提高倾听技能，结合文章主旨是深层次倾听，推测本句主要说明了如何促进更深层次的交流。故D选项“但只要再努力一点，你就能促进更深层次的对话”符合语境。故选D。 第三部分：语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Here I was sitting in the roller coaster (过山车) cart of Kingda Ka in New Jersey, the tallest and second fastest roller coaster on Earth. My friends shouted in excitement, while I shakily ___21___ my hands on my shorts. “How can you be so excited when...” My words caught in my throat and melted into screams as the roller coaster suddenly ___22___ forward. It was the fastest ___23___ I had ever experienced in my life: 128 miles per hour. I screamed at the top of my ___24___ as fear froze me up from inside. We rapidly moved up the skinny hump (驼峰) rising into the clouds at a ninety degree angle, having crossed the track bringing us forward in mere ___25___. ___26___, close to the highest part of the hump, I ___27___ a little. My screams became less terrified and more energetic. Once we reached the ___28___ of the hump, I could almost touch the sky. And then we were spiraling (盘旋) downwards, curving and twisting and ___29___ towards Earth at the same speed. ____30____ I realized it, we had already met the ground. It was a thirty-second-long ride. I managed to ____31____ the entire ride without a breakdown. I gasped in surprise. It was over. I had not only survived the ride—I had ____32____ it. My friend turned to me, her eyes ____33____. “Are you ready for the next roller coaster?” My head felt light as we walked away from the ride spinning with something I didn’t ____34____ recognize. It took me a few minutes to put a name to it — thrill. “I’m ready for anything.” Until today, that ____35____ ride that I went on 20 years ago is still kept alive in my memory. 21. A. wiped B. waved C. joined D. cleaned 22. A. removed B. rocketed C. struggled D. marched 23. A. launch B. operation C. ride D. flight 24. A. cheeks B. throat C. heart D. lungs 25. A. minutes B. hours C. seconds D. occasions 26. A. Instead B. Meanwhile C. Therefore D. However 27. A. broke down B. calmed down C. made up D. dressed up 28. A. top B. point C. track D. location 29. A. swinging B. escaping C. shooting D. roaring 30. A. After B. Though C. Before D. While 31. A. take off B. carry on C. go through D. get through 32. A. enjoyed B. deserved C. hated D. confirmed 33. A. bright B. wet C. closed D. open 34. A. gradually B. absolutely C. immediately D. eventually 35. A. romantic B. thrilling C. alarming D. awkward 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己20年前在新泽西州的Kingda Ka过山车上的惊险体验。尽管在过山车启动时感到害怕，但随着过山车的行进，作者逐渐克服了恐惧并享受了整个过程。最终，这次过山车之旅成为了作者难忘的记忆，并激发了他对更多冒险和刺激活动的渴望。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们兴奋地大喊大叫，而我则紧张不安地在短裤上擦着手上的汗。A. wiped擦，消除；B. waved挥动；C. joined加入；D. cleaned打扫。根据上文“the tallest and second fastest roller coaster on Earth. My friends shouted in excitement”可知，坐在过山车上，作者紧张地把手上的汗擦在短裤上。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的话卡在喉咙里，变成了尖叫声，因为过山车突然猛地向前冲去。A. removed去除，移除；B. rocketed迅速移动；C. struggled斗争，挣扎；D. marched行进，前进。根据下文“128 miles per hour.”可知，过山车时速很快，突然猛地向前冲去。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我一生中经历过的最快的一次旅行：时速128英里。A. launch发射；B. operation操作；C. ride供骑乘的游乐设施；D. flight航班。根据下文“It was a thirty - second - long ride.”可知，此处是信息词ride的词汇复现。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我放声尖叫，恐惧让我从内到外都僵住了。A. cheeks脸颊；B. throat喉咙；C. heart心；D. lungs肺。根据上文“I screamed”和常识可知，此处表示声嘶力竭地喊叫。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们迅速爬上陡峭的驼峰，以90度的角度升入云端，仅用了几秒钟就穿过了轨道。A. minutes分钟；B. hours小时；C. seconds秒；D. occasions场合。根据下文“It was a thirty - second - long ride.”可知，过山车仅用了几秒钟就穿过了轨道。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在驼峰的最高部分附近，我稍微冷静了一点。A. Instead相反；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。前面提到过山车迅速上升，后面则提到在接近最高点的时候，作者稍微平静了一些。因此，需要用一个表示转折的连词来连接这两个句子。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. broke down出故障；B. calmed down平静下来；C. made up组成，编造；D. dressed up打扮。根据下文“My screams became less terrified and more energetic.”可知，作者稍微冷静一些。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达驼峰的顶端时，我几乎可以触摸到天空。A. top顶部；B. point观点，要点；C. track轨道；D. location位置。根据“I could almost touch the sky.”可知，作者到达了驼峰的顶端。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我们盘旋而下，以同样的速度弯曲、扭曲并冲向地面。A. swinging摇摆；B. escaping逃跑；C. shooting飞驰；D. roaring咆哮。根据上文“We rapidly moved up the skinny hump (驼峰) rising into the clouds at a ninety degree angle”可知，过山车下来的时候速度也是很快的，因此是飞驰而下。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我还没意识到，我们就已经到达了地面。A. After在……之后；B. Though尽管；C. Before在……之前；D. While当……时候。此处表示“表示在意识到之前已经到达了地面”，before表示“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我完成了整个过山车旅行而没有崩溃。A. take off起飞，脱掉；B. carry on继续；C. go through经历；D. get through完成，通过。根据“we had already met the ground”可知，作者完成了整个过山车旅行。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不仅活了下来，还玩得很开心。A. enjoyed享受，喜欢；B. deserved值得；C. hated讨厌；D. confirmed证实。根据下文“My head felt light as we walked away from the ride spinning”可知，作者在坐过山车的过程中玩得很开心。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友转向我，她的眼睛闪闪发光。A. bright明亮的；B. wet湿润的；C. closed关闭的；D. open打开的。根据上文“My friends shouted in excitement”可知，作者的朋友因为兴奋，眼睛闪闪发光。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们从过山车上走下来时，我感到头脑轻松，那是一种我没有立刻认出的感觉。A. gradually逐渐地；B. absolutely绝对地；C. immediately立刻；D. eventually最终。根据下文“It took me a few minutes to put a name to it — thrill.”可知，作者没有立刻识别出坐完过山车带来的感觉。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到今天，我20年前参加的那次惊险的过山车之旅仍然在我的记忆中栩栩如生。A. romantic浪漫的；B. thrilling惊险的，令人激动的；C. alarming令人惊恐的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据“It took me a few minutes to put a name to it — thrill.”可知，作者20年前的那次过山车之旅是惊险的。故选B。 第Ⅱ卷 第二节 (10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chen Ning Yang, a famous Chinese physicist and Nobel Prize winner, passed away at the age of 103, according to Chinese media. He was known ____36____ one of the most influential scientists in the world. In 1957, Yang and another physicist, Tsung-Dao Lee, ____37____ (win) the Nobel Prize in Physics for their research on the law of parity. Their ____38____ (discover) helped people better understand elementary particles, the tiny parts that make up all matter. ____39____ (bear) in 1922 in Anhui Province, Yang was the eldest of five children. Growing up on the campus of Tsinghua University, ____40____ his father taught mathematics, he developed a deep love for science. As a teenager, Yang once told his parents, “One day, I want to win the Nobel Prize.” ____41____ (remarkable), this dream came true at the age of 35. ____42____ (earn) his bachelor’s degree in 1942 from the National Southwest Associated University in Kunming, Yang went on ____43____ (complete) a master’s degree at Tsinghua. After the Sino-Japanese War, he went to the United States on a Tsinghua fellowship ____44____ studied at the University of Chicago under Enrico Fermi, who built the world’s first nuclear reactor. Throughout his long career, Yang made ____45____ (contribution) to many fields of physics, focusing especially on statistical mechanics and symmetry principles. It was not only the Nobel Prize that honored him; in 1957, he received the Albert Einstein Commemorative Award, and a year later, an honorary doctorate from Princeton University — a clear recognition of his lifelong devotion to science. 【答案】36. as 37. won 38. discovery 39. Born 40. where 41. Remarkably 42. Having earned 43. to complete 44. and； 45. contributions 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了著名物理学家杨振宁的生平、成就及其在物理学领域的重要贡献。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：他被公认为世界上最有影响力的科学家之一。根据one of the most influential scientists in the world可知，句子表示他被公认为世界上最有影响力的科学家之一，“被公认为”是be known as，因此空格处是介词as“作为”，故填as。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：1957年，杨振宁和另一位物理学家李政道因研究宇称定律而获得诺贝尔物理学奖。win作谓语动词，由“In 1957”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式won，故填won。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们的发现帮助人们更好地理解基本粒子——构成所有物质的微小部分。根据空格前的形容词性物主代词Their可知，此处需要填入名词形式。discover的名词形式为discovery，且根据上文“for their research on the law of parity”可知此处指他们两人共同的研究发现，为单数概念，用单数形式。故填discovery。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：杨振宁于1922年出生在安徽省，是五个孩子中的长子。本句已有谓语动词was，空格处为非谓语动词，Yang与bear之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，bear的过去分词为born，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Born。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他在清华大学的校园里长大，他的父亲在那里教授数学课。在那里度过的时光培养了他对科学的浓厚兴趣。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Tsinghua University，在从句中作地点状语，此从句用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：令人瞩目的是，这个梦想在他35岁时成为了现实。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。remarkable的副词形式为remarkably，表示“令人瞩目地，显著地”。句首单词首字母需大写。故填Remarkably。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1942年，杨振宁在昆明的西南联大获得学士学位后，又继续在清华大学取得了硕士学位。本句已有谓语动词went on，空格处为非谓语动词，Yang与earn之间是主动关系，且earn的动作发生在went on之前，应用现在分词的完成式having earned，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Having earned。 【43题详解】 考查不定式。句意：1942年，杨振宁在昆明国立西南联合大学获得学士学位后，继续在清华大学攻读硕士学位。此处指获得学士学位后继续在清华大学攻读硕士学位，表示“（做完一件事后）接着做另一件事 ”，用固定短语go on to do，意为“继续做另一件事”，因此空格处用不定式to complete，故填to complete。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：抗日战争结束后，他凭借清华大学的奖学金前往美国，并在恩里科·费米的指导下在芝加哥大学学习，恩里科·费米建造了世界上第一座核反应堆。空格处连接两个并列的谓语动词went和studied，表顺承关系，应用连词and。故填and。 【45题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：在他漫长的职业生涯中，杨振宁对物理学的许多领域都做出了贡献，特别是统计力学和对称性原理。contribution是可数名词，由to many fields of physics可知，空格处用复数，故填contributions。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文 (满分15分) 46. 假如你是高中生李华，你的交换生朋友Peter回国后，计划创立一个传播中国传统文化的社团。他写信向你寻求建议。请根据以下提示给他回信。 1.表示赞同； 2.具体建议； 3.其它。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I’m more than delighted to hear from you. Knowing your awesome project, I can’t agree more. As for your letter asking for my advice, I’m writing to share you with my experience. Firstly, it’s suggested that you should make a survey among the students in your school, which can give you a definite direction. Besides, you’re supposed to recruit students who are also enthusiastic about Chinese traditional culture to cooperate together. Finally, it’s a good idea that you can host some activities such as calligraphy exhibition, tea ceremony and paper-cutting etc. I do hope my proposals will be of great value. Looking forward to your good news. Yours, Lihua 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章要求考生给交换生朋友Peter写信，就计划创立一个传播中国传统文化的社团提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：delighted→pleased 此外：besides→moreover 应该：be supposed to=ought to 提议：proposal→suggest 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：As for your letter asking for my advice, I’m writing to share you with my experience. 拓展句：As for your letter which asked for my advice, I’m writing to share you with my experience. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Firstly, it’s suggested that you should make a survey among the students in your school, which can give you a definite direction.（that引导主语从句） [高分句型2] Besides, you’re supposed to recruit students who are also enthusiastic about Chinese traditional culture to cooperate together.（who引导定语从句） 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 An Angel on a Snowy Night The wind was blowing hard as I was driving down the twists and turns of the country road. I was desperate to get home before dark, but there seemed no way. The forecast said there was going to be a heavy snow on the way. It was freezing cold outside. The wind was blowing against the windows, letting out buzzing noises. Hair standing on end, I stepped hard on the accelerator, longing to make it to my cozy home earlier. The car was roaring along the rough road when I suddenly heard a big bang coming from behind. The car somehow slowed down, and I managed to pull it over to the side of the road. I was in a cold sweat from extreme terror, wondering what had just happened. Dragging myself out of the driver’s seat, I shivered with cold. Suddenly, a gust of cold wind cleared my head. Quickly I examined the car. Much to my surprise, no serious damage was done. It was just a flat tire, but the car couldn’t move forward an inch! It was black dark outside. There was not a single soul around to turn to. A wave of fear instantly washed over me. Worse still, it began to snow at the very moment. Snowflakes were dancing in the air at the mercy of howling wind. How I wished someone could come to my rescue just in time! With nowhere to hide, I had to wait in the darkness, cold and helpless. I waited and waited, but no car or truck passed by. Swallowed by complete darkness, I almost went mad. “What if no one comes? What should I do?”, I mumbled. At this point, I was totally seized by anxiety and fear. My patience was running out when loud noises boomed out from the dark night. There came a Ford pickup, with dazzling light cast over the white snow. I sprang to my feet, waving my arms crazily. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para 1: The pickup finally stopped, and out stepped the driver. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para 2: The driver drew back and refused to take the money. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The pickup finally stopped, and out stepped the driver. “What’s up? young man!” asked the driver. “I have a flat tire.” I responded. The driver then knelt on his knee and took a close look at the broken tire. “Nothing serious, I’ll help replace the tire.” Hearing his words, I breathed a sigh of relief. A surge of warmth soon flowed through my heart. The driver immediately pulled some tools out of the trunk and set to work. Just within minutes, the spare tire was installed in place. Deeply touched by the driver’s selfless help, I grabbed his arm, trying to cram some cash into his hand. The driver drew back and refused to take the money. In no time, he stepped onto the pickup and soon disappeared into the dark night, leaving me greatly shocked. An accident turned out to be a blessing when a stranger approached me like an angel. Many years have passed, but the driver’s kind gesture still sticks in my head. It was his generous help that drove away cold, bringing me warmth on that snowy night. Even though I don’t know his name, his act of kindness makes a great difference to me, always inspiring me to reach out to those in need. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在一个风雪交加的夜晚遇到车辆故障，随后被一位陌生司机无私帮助的故事，展现了人与人之间的温情与善意。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“皮卡终于停了下来，司机走了下来。”以及第二段首句内容“司机抽回手，拒绝收钱。”可知，第一段可描写皮卡车司机下车后帮助作者装好了备用轮胎，作者很感动，想给钱对方表示感谢。 ②由第二段首句内容“司机抽回手，拒绝收钱。”可知，第二段可描写司机拒绝接受钱，作者非常感动，常常想起这位好心人。 2.续写线索：司机询问情况——作者解释——司机帮忙——表示感谢——司机拒绝——非常感动——感悟 3词汇激活 行为类 ①回复：respond/reply ②抓住：grab/grasp ③努力做某事：try to do sth /make an effort to do sth 情绪类 ①感动的：touched/moved ②震惊的：shocked/stunned 【点睛】【高分句型1】An accident turned out to be a blessing when a stranger approached me like an angel.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】Even though I don’t know his name, his act of kindness makes a great difference to me, always inspiring me to reach out to those in need.（运用了even though引导的状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $