内容正文:
译林版五年级下册 Unit 5 Helping our parents 知识点总结
一、重点单词
1. 家务活动类
单词/短语
中文
单词/短语
中文
clean the car
洗车
clean the table
擦桌子
sweep the floor
扫地
wash the dishes
洗碗
make the bed
整理床铺
cook breakfast
做早餐
cook dinner
做晚餐
help
帮助
2. 家庭成员类
单词
中文
单词
中文
parent
父或母
parents
父母
cousin
表(堂)兄弟/姐妹
3. 其他重点词汇
单词/短语
中文
单词/短语
中文
busy
忙的;忙碌的
garden
花园;果园
grow
种植
pest
害虫
ladybird
瓢虫
go away
离开
grape
葡萄
二、核心句型(简单例句)
1. 描述正在做的事情(现在进行时)
I am helping him. 我正在帮他。
My father is cleaning the car. 我的爸爸正在洗车。
My mother is cooking breakfast. 我的妈妈正在做早餐。
She is sweeping the floor. 她正在扫地。
He is sleeping. 他正在睡觉。
They are eating fruit. 他们正在吃水果。
2. 询问正在做什么
What are you doing? 你正在做什么?
What is he doing? 他正在做什么?
What are they doing? 他们正在做什么?
3. 描述时间
It is Saturday morning. 现在是星期六早上。
In the afternoon, my cousin Jim comes. 下午,我的表弟吉姆来了。
4. 描述状态
My mother is busy. 我的妈妈很忙。
三、语法点
1. 现在进行时(Present Continuous Tense)
现在进行时表示此时此刻正在发生或进行的动作。
结构
例句
主语 + be动词 (am/is/are) + 现在分词 (动词-ing)
I am helping. / He is sleeping. / They are eating.
现在分词变化规则:
规则
动词
现在分词
一般情况直接加 -ing
help / clean
helping / cleaning
以不发音 e 结尾,去 e 加 -ing
make / come
making / coming
以重读闭音节结尾,双写末尾辅音加 -ing
run / swim
running / swimming
以 ie 结尾,变 ie 为 y 加 -ing
lie
lying
本单元出现的动词-ing形式:
cleaning cooking sweeping sleeping washing
helping eating growing
2. 现在进行时的句型结构
句型
结构
例句
肯定句
主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing
She is sweeping the floor.
否定句
主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词-ing
She is not sleeping.
一般疑问句
Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词-ing?
Is she sweeping the floor?
特殊疑问句
疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 动词-ing?
What is she doing?
3. be动词的用法(现在进行时)
主语
be动词
I
am
He/She/It/单数名词
is
We/You/They/复数名词
are
4. 现在进行时的时间标志词
now(现在) at the moment(此刻) look!(看!)
listen!(听!) It is + 时间(如 It is Saturday morning.)
四、日常交际用语
情景
用语
询问对方正在做什么
What are you doing?
询问他人正在做什么
What is he/she doing?
询问多人正在做什么
What are they doing?
回答正在做的活动
I am/He is/She is/They are …
描述某人很忙
She is busy.
五、语音知识(字母组合 ing)
发音: /ɪŋ/
例词:
ing 字母组合通常出现在动词的现在分词形式中
bring 带来 sing 唱歌 spring 春天 growing 生长 blowing 吹
韵律小诗:
In the morning, I like to sing
And watch the flowers growing.
In the evening, I like to sit
And listen to the wind blowing.
六、文化小知识
在西方家庭中,孩子通常会被鼓励参与家务劳动(housework),如整理自己的房间、洗碗、扫地等。这有助于培养孩子的责任感和独立性。
七、常考小练习(附答案与解析)
一、英汉互写
1. 扫地 _______________ 2. 洗碗 _______________
3. 整理床铺 _______________ 4. 洗车 _______________
5. busy _______________ 6. cook dinner _______________
7. 帮助父母 _______________ 8. 在花园里 _______________
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. My father ________ (clean) the car now.
2. I ________ (help) my mother in the kitchen.
3. They ________ (eat) fruit in the living room.
4. She ________ (sweep) the floor at the moment.
5. What ________ you ________ (do) now?
三、单项选择
( ) 1. — What ______ you doing?
— I ______ washing the dishes.
A. are;am B. is;am C. are;is
( ) 2. My mother ______ cooking dinner now.
A. am B. is C. are
( ) 3. Listen!The girl ______ in the room.
A. sing B. sings C. is singing
( ) 4. They ______ football on the playground now.
A. play B. are playing C. playing
( ) 5. — Is your father sleeping?
— ______. He is cleaning the car.
A. Yes, he is B. No, he isn’t C. Yes, he isn’t
四、连词成句
1. is / car / father / my / cleaning / the (.)
________________________________________________________________________________
2. you / what / doing / are (?)
________________________________________________________________________________
3. is / the / she / floor / sweeping (.)
________________________________________________________________________________
4. are / fruit / they / eating (.)
________________________________________________________________________________
5. busy / mother / my / is (.)
________________________________________________________________________________
五、句型转换
1. He is making the bed.(改为否定句)
He ________ ________ the bed.
2. They are washing the dishes.(改为一般疑问句)
________ they ________ the dishes?
3. She is cooking dinner.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ she ________?
4. I am helping my father.(改为一般疑问句)
________ ________ helping your father?
六、根据中文提示完成句子
1. 现在是星期六早上。
It ________ Saturday ________.
2. 我的爸爸正在洗车。
My father ________ ________ the car.
3. 你正在做什么?
What ________ you ________?
4. 她正在扫地吗?
________ she ________ the floor?
5. 他们正在吃水果。
They ________ ________ fruit.
七、阅读理解(根据课文内容判断正误,用 T/F 表示)
( ) 1. It is Saturday morning.
( ) 2. My father is cooking breakfast.
( ) 3. Helen is sweeping the floor.
( ) 4. Tim is playing in the living room.
( ) 5. In the afternoon, my cousin Jim comes.
( ) 6. Helen and I are helping my mother in the afternoon.
八、语音辨析(找出划线部分发音不同的单词)
( ) 1. A. bring B. morning C. sing D. find
( ) 2. A. spring B. growing C. blowing D. clean
九、写作小练习
根据提示,写一段话描述你的家人在周六上午正在做的事情。
提示词: father, clean the car;mother, cook breakfast;I, help;sister, sweep the floor
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
答案
一、英汉互写
1. sweep the floor 2. wash the dishes
3. make the bed 4. clean the car
5. 忙的;忙碌的 6. 做晚餐
7. help parents 8. in the garden
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. is cleaning 2. am helping 3. are eating
4. is sweeping 5. are;doing
解析:
1. My father 是三单,现在进行时用 is cleaning。
2. I 用 am helping。
3. They 是复数,用 are eating。
4. She 是三单,用 is sweeping。
5. you 用 are,what … doing 是现在进行时的特殊疑问句。
三、单项选择:
1. A。you 用 are,I 用 am。
2. B。My mother 是三单,be动词用 is。
3. C。“Listen!”提示现在进行时,主语 The girl 是三单,用 is singing。
4. B。“now”提示现在进行时,主语 They 用 are playing。
5. B。根据“He is cleaning the car.”可知爸爸没有睡觉,用否定回答。
四、连词成句
1. My father is cleaning the car.
2. What are you doing?
3. She is sweeping the floor.
4. They are eating fruit.
5. My mother is busy.
五、句型转换
1. isn’t making 2. Are;washing
3. What is;doing 4. Are you
解析:
1. 否定句在 is 后加 not。
2. 一般疑问句将 are 提前。
3. 对动作提问用 What … doing。
4. I 变 you,am 变 are。
六、根据中文提示完成句子
1. is;morning 2. is cleaning 3. are;doing
4. Is;sweeping 5. are eating
七、阅读理解
1. T(课文:It is Saturday morning.)
2. F(课文:My father is cleaning the car. 妈妈在做饭。)
3. T(课文:Helen is in the living room. She is sweeping the floor.)
4. F(课文:Tim is in his bedroom. He is sleeping.)
5. T(课文:In the afternoon, my cousin Jim comes.)
6. T(课文:Helen and I are helping her.)
八、语音辨析
1. D(find 发音 /ɪn/,其他为 /ɪŋ/)
2. D(clean 发音 /iːn/,其他为 /ɪŋ/)
知识点:字母组合 ing 通常发 /ɪŋ/,如 bring, morning, sing, spring, growing, blowing。
九、写作小练习
It is Saturday morning. My father is cleaning the car. My mother is cooking breakfast. I am helping her. My sister is sweeping the floor. We are all busy.
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