单元语法专题练习 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

八年级下册单元语法专题汇总 Unit 1 动词不定式 动词不定式在句子可充当主语、定语、状语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语 1、 作主语：常用it作形式主语，而把真正作主语的动词不定式短语放在后面。 常用结构：It’s+ adj.(+for sb)+ to do sth. 如：It is necessary for us to learn English well. 对我们来说，学好英语是必要的。 2、 作定语：位于它所修饰的名词或代词之后 如：Would you like something to eat? 你想吃点什么吗？ 3、作状语：常用来修饰动词或形容词，表示目的、结果或原因等 如：He went to see his sister yesterday. 他昨天去看他妹妹了。 4、作表语：一般表示具体的动作或说明主语的内容、性质、特征等 如：His dream is to be a teacher. 他的梦想是当一名老师。 5、 作宾语： ① hope，agree，choose等动词后常接动词不定式 如：They hope to get good grades in the exam. 他们希望在考试中取得好成绩。 ②当谓语动词为think，find等时，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正作宾语的动词不定式短语放后面 常用结构：sb think／find it + adj + to do sth. 如：I find it hard to make a decision. 我发现很难做出决定。 6、作宾语补足语： ① tell，ask，want，invite，encourage等动词后常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语 如：I want you to go now.我想让你现在就走。 ② see，watch，hear，make等感官动词或使役动词后面接作宾语补足语的动词不定式时，一般要省略动词不定式符号to 如：I saw my mother go out. 我看见我妈妈出去了。 练一练 一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.Our Chinese teacher expects us (read) more traditional Chinese books. 2.He often walks in nature because he thinks it is a good way (relax). 3."I love you"-three warm words. They're hard (say) but mean so much. 4.We both agreed (write) about the changes in our city. 5. (keep) our eyes healthy,we should spend less time on screens. 6. Mr Li is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us (laugh). 7.The spirit of Lei Feng tells us (help) people in need. 8.Remember (wish) your mother a happy birthday when you call her. 9.Judy promised (serve) people in need when she was in college. 10.It's good (open) the door and the window in the morning to let fresh air in. 二、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1．计划时间就是节约时间。 To plan time is time. 2．我的朋友鼓励我去尝试那项新运动。 My friend encouraged me that new sport. 3．她上网搜索一些有用的信息。 She goes online for some useful information. 4． 努力工作以拥有更好的生活，这对我们很重要。 It's important for us hard to have a better life. 5．我发现亲手为朋友做小礼物很有趣。 I find it interesting small gifts by hand for my friends. Unit 2 情态动词表示建议＆反身代词 情态动词表示建议 should 意为“应该，应当，可以”，表达职责和义务、提出劝告，后面接动词原形。 如：To pass the test, you should study hard. could 意为“可以”，比can语气更委婉。 反身代词 单 数 复 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第一人称 第一人称 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 我自己 你自己 他自己 她自己 它自己 我们自己 你们自己 他们自己 用法：作宾语 Jim finished the work by himself.吉姆独自完成了这项任务。 作表语 Just be yourself! 做你自己！ 作同位语，起强调作用 I cooked the dinner myself. 我自己做了晚饭。 练一练 一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.We should (avoid) pushing when we go upstairs or downstairs. 2.I am 15 years old and I'm able to look after (I) well. 3.Help (you) to some fish,Tom. 4.The girl is old enough to dress (she) . 5.Helen,a British student,will enjoy (she) during the summer holiday in China. 6.When my parents travel, they always take photos to remind (they) of the wonderful time. 7.Bob becomes interested in drawing and he plans to teach （he）to draw pictures. 8.Tom, I believe that you can work out this problem by (you). 二、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 1．我发烧了。我应该怎么做？ I have a fever. I do? 2． 雨下得很大。你开车应该更谨慎一点。 It's raining hard.You more carefully. 3．上课前，王老师让埃米先介绍一下她自己。 Before class,Mr Wang asked Amy to first. 4． 你不该等到最后一分钟才去为考试而学习。 You until the last minute to study for an exam. 三、短文填空。 Last weekend, I played football with my friends. But one of my friends fell and hurt 1. (he). I knew I should 2. (help) him. So I helped to clean his cut 3. (I) and asked if he was okay.My other friends gathered around,and we helped him stand up carefully.We checked（检查）to make sure he could 4. (walk). After resting for a while,he felt much better. We were all relieved（放心的）and told 5. (we) to be more careful and play safely next time. Unit3 although,until,so that与if引导的状语从句 although 意为“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，相当于though或even though／if， 不可与but在同一个句子中使用。 如：Although you were busy, you took the time to help me. until 意为“到······时；直到·····.”，引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句 的谓语动词一般是延续性动词，表示该动作延续到until所表示的时间为止。 如：We will wait until you finish doing the work. 用于否定句时，构成not...until句型，意为“直到······才”，表示主句的动作直until所表示的时间才发生。 如：We won't leave until you finish doing the work. so that 意为“为了；以便”，引导目的状语从句，相当于in order that。 如：Speak louder so that everyone can hear you clearly. if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则。有时可与“祈使句＋and／or＋陈述旬”结构或without／with短语进行转换。 如：If Tom comes tomorrow, I will call you. 练一练 一、根据语境，用although,until,if 或so that 填空。 1.It is good for your health you take a walk after dinner. 2. the zoo is far from my city, I still want to see the cute pandas in it. 3. Now more and more people take exercise every day they can have healthier bodies. 4.You will never truly understand your parents' great love you grow up. 5.The teacher speaks slowly and carefully we can understand her better. 6. the little boy is only 6 years old,he can do DIY well with his skilful（灵巧的）hands. 二、改为同义句，每空一词。 1.To catch the early bus,you need to get up now. →You need to get up now you can catch the early bus. 2.We can't finish the work on time without Mr Green's help. →. Mr Green help us, we can't finish the work on time. 3.DeepSeek is clever and helpful,but we should use it wisely. → DeepSeek is clever and helpful,we should use it wisely. 4.Tom went to bed just after his father came back. →Tom go to bed his father came back. Unit 4 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 形容词和副词比较级的句型结构： 1.比较级＋than＋比较对象 a.比较级前可用much，a little，even，still，a lot等词修饰 b.表示同一范围内事物的比较用“比较级＋than any other＋比较对象” 2.the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...意为“越······，就越·····” 3.比较级＋and＋比较级，意为“越来越·····” 形容词和副词的最高级的句型结构： 1.主语＋调语+ the + 最高级 + in /of +范围，意为“在某范围内最·····” 2. one of the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数，意为“最·······的······之一” 3. the +序数词（除了first）＋形容词最高级＋可数名词单数，意为“第几......” 4.形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词the，但前面有物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等修饰时，不加定冠词the 特殊用法: as + 原级 + as ...意为“与......一样.......” not so/as + 原级 + as ...意为“不及.......” 练一练 一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.Which is (big), the sun or the moon? 2.Bad hair day! In fact,today is my (bad) day of the week. 3.Sorry for being late. I should be here 20 minutes (early). 4.Students now have less homework and (much) spare time. 5.Do you know who lives the (far) from school in your class? 6. Mary is hard-working all the time. This year she works even (hard). 7.Lucy doesn't do her homework so (careful) as the others in her group. 8.Sun Yingsha is one of the most famous ping-pong (play). 9.China is the country with the (long) tea history in the world. 10.The more we communicate with our parents,the (good) we'll understand each other. 二、按要求完成句子，每空一词。 1.The two pandas weigh the same.（改为同义句） This panda is that one. 2.Tigers don't run as fast as cheetahs．（改为同义句） Cheetahs run tigers. 3.This building is the tallest building in the city.（改为同义句） This building is taller than building in the city. 4.冬天来了，白天变得越来越短。（汉译英） The days get with winter coming. 5.就领土面积而言，中国是世界上第三大国。（汉译英） As for the territorial area, China is country in the world. Unit 5 过去进行时 含义：表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作 句型：肯定句：主语＋was／were＋doing＋其他.如：The girl was shopping when I saw her. 否定句：主+ was /were + not+ doing +其他.如：He was not working at that time. 一般疑问句：Was／Were＋主语＋doing＋其他？ 如：---Were you playing basketball then？ ---Yes, I was./ No, I wasn't. 用法: a.表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作 b.表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作，与过去某一特定的时间状语连用(at this time yesterday, then...) c.表示过去一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行，持续时间长的动作用过去进行时，常用在while引导的时间状语从句中 与一般过去时的区别: 过去进行时强调某一动作在过去某一时刻／时间段内正在进行 一般过去时表示在过去发生的动作，多侧重于动作已经完成 练一练 一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.Andy (lie) on the sofa when the phone rang. 2.---You were not in the classroom during the break time. ---I (carry) books to the reading room with Judy. 3.Suzy (tidy) her bedroom at this time yesterday,so she didn't go shopping. 4.He (drink) tea with a few old friends in a park when we arrived. 5.I'm sorry I didn't answer your call just now,because I (learn) knowledge from the astronauts in the Tiangong Classroom. 二、按要求完成句子，每空一词。 1.I was chatting online at that time.（改为否定句） I online at that time. 2.He was sleeping at the time of the rain.（改为一般疑问句） he at the time of the rain? 3.Jane was dancing. At the same time,Jack was singing.（改为同义句） Jane was dancing Jack was singing. 4.Mr Jones was watching TV when the typhoon happened.（对画线部分提问） Mr Jones when the typhoon happened? 5.Linda runs every day.（用 at 10 o'clock yesterday morning 替换every day 改写句子） Linda at 10 o'clock yesterday morning. 三、短文填空 At 4 p. m. yesterday, my friends and I 1. (play) in the park. I 2. (fly) a kite while Jill 3. (read)a book under a tree,and Tom 4. (draw) a picture nearby. When the wind suddenly became strong, my kite 5. (fall) into a pool.I tried to get it back but failed. Unit 6 so...that, unless与as soon as 引导的状语从句 so...that 意为“如此······以至于”，引导结果状语从句，so后接形容词或副词，that后的从句表示结果 如：He was so angry that he couldn't say a word. a. that引导的结果状语从句为肯定句时，相当于be...enough to do sth 如：He is so clever that he can solve the problem. =He is clever enough to solve the problem. b. that引导的结果状语从句为否定句时，相当于too...to...或be not...enough to do sth 如：He was so short that he couldn't reach the shelf. =He was too short as soon as to reach the shelf. =He wasn't tall enough to reach the shelf. unless 意为“如果不；除非”，引导条件状语从句，相当于if...not，遵循“主将从现”原则 如：He will go there unless it rains.=He will go there if it doesn't rain. as soon as 意为“一·····就·····”，引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则 如：I'll tell him as soon as I see him. 练一练 一、改为同义句，每空一词。 1.Please call me the minute you arrive in Changsha. Please call me you arrive in Changsha. 2.If you don't work hard,you won't pass the English exam. You won't pass the English exam you hard. 3.Molly is too young to dress herself. Molly is young she can't dress herself. 4.Bob's brother is so tall that he can reach the apples on the tree. Bob's brother is to reach the apples on the tree. 二、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 1．我们一上火车就下起了大雨。 The heavy rain started as soon as we the train. 2．除非你把牛奶放进冰箱，否则它会变质的。 The milk bad unless you put it in the fridge. 3．这道数学题对我来说太难了，我解不出来。 The maths problem is difficult for me work out. =The maths problem isn't for me to work out. 4．《黑神话：悟空》是一个非常有趣的游戏，很多人都喜欢玩。 Black Myth: Wukong is interesting many people like playing it. Unit 7 现在完成时（一） 句型： 肯定句：主语＋have／has＋过去分词＋其他. 如：Mum has already prepared dinner.妈妈已经准备好晚餐了。 否定句：主语＋have／has＋not＋过去分词＋其他. 如：Lucy hasn’t finished her homework yet.露西还没有完成她的家庭作业。 一般疑间句：Have／Has＋主语＋过去分词＋其他？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语＋have／has.否定回答：No，主语＋haven’t／hasn’t. 如：---Have you got ready yet？你已经准备好了吗？ ---No，I haven’t.不，我没有。 用法: a. 表示从过去某时刻开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态，适用于延续性动词 标志词：for＋一段时间，since＋过去的某个时间点 b. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,适用于短暂性动词 标志词：already（用于肯定句），yet（用于否定句和疑问句），ever，never，just等。 练一练 一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.Many international students (come) to visit our school since last year. 2.Mr Chen (live) there for over 50years,so we went to interview him. 3.Recently,more and more people have (choose) to visit Yangzhou during holidays. 4.---Is everyone here? ---No, sir.Martin (not arrive) yet. He is still on the way. 5.---China is taking action to help people manage their weight and live healthier lives. ---Yes.The government（政府） (start) a three-year “Weight Management Year" program already. 二、按要求完成句子，每空一词。 1.He's made a decision to teach in the village school.（改为否定句） He a decision to teach in the village school. 2.I have already finished my English homework.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） you your English homework ? --- , I . 3.Jenny has had that toy bear since two years ago.（对画线部分提问） Jenny that toy bear? 4.Cindy has worked out all the problems for her good friend.（对画线部分提问） Cindy for her good friend? 5.What's more, reading English books has opened a window for me to know about foreign cultures.（英译汉） Unit 8 现在完成时（二） 现在完成时表示过去已经开始，并持续到现在的动作或状态 常与“for＋一段时间”或“since＋过去某个时间点／从句（从句用一般过去时）”连用 在肯定句和疑问句中，谓语动词必须用延续性动词 在否定句中，非延续性动词可以和一段时间连用 如：I haven’t seen him for a long time.我很长时间没见到他了。 对for和since引导的时间状语用how long提问 非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换 borrow→keep buy→have put on→wear begin/start→be on go out→be out get to/arrive in/reach→be in die→be dead leave→be away go to school→be in school join→be in/be a member of close→be closed make friends→be friends fall asleep→be asleep get to know→know 练一练 一、用since或for填空。 1.They have been friends ten years. 2.We have waited here half an hour. 3.Many people have lived in the town they were born. 4.Mike has been ill a long time. He has been in hospital October. 5.Jenny is interested in traditional Chinese culture,and she has learned it she came to China 5 years ago. 二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.Since Bob was a little boy, he (be) in love with music. 2.The factory (open) since February of 2008. 3.How time flies! Two years (pass) since we came here to study. 4.Mr Chen (live) there for over 50 years, so we went to interview him. 5.Though my grandma has been (die) for over ten years, I still miss her. 三、按要求完成句子，每空一词。 1.The film began 15 minutes ago.（改为同义句） The film has for 15 minutes. 2.Peter bought this bike 3 years ago.（改为同义句） Peter this bike for 3 years. 3.His brother joined the army four years ago.（改为同义句） His brother the army for four years. 4.The volunteers have been here for nearly a month.（对画线部分提问） have the volunteers been here? 5.I haven't heard of Jack since he went to the UK five days ago.（英译中） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $