Unit1 单元知识点讲练-2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

课 题 7B U1 Home 教学目标 1. 让学生准确掌握7B U1单词读音和中文释义。 2. 使学生能流利理解并分析单元课文。 3. 帮助学生熟练掌握数词grammar及音节划分知识。 4. 引导学生学会运用所学知识完成关于家园的作文写作。 5. 通过针对性练习，让学生巩固所学知识，提升知识运用和应试能力。 重难点透视 1. 数词grammar的灵活运用，复杂音节的准确划分； 2. 运用所学知识写出逻辑清晰、语言流畅的家园主题作文。 知识点剖析 序号 知识点 预估时间 掌握情况 1 U1单词及课文学习与讲解 90 min 2 针对性练习巩固 90 min 教 学 内 容 ( 8 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 单词认读 1. *cottage n. (尤指) 村舍，小别墅 2. 3. *farmhouse n. 农场住宅，农舍 4. mobile adj. 可移动的 5. *mobile home n. 活动住房 6. town n. 镇，市镇 7. *town house n. 联排式住宅 8. west n., adj. & adv. 西部；西方的；向西 9. hundred num. 许多，大量；一百 10. study n. 书房 11. *relaxing adj. 令人放松的，轻松的 12. bedroom n. 卧室 13. own adj. & pron. 自己的，本人的 14. south n., adj. & adv. 南部；南方的；向南 15. *balcony n. 阳台 16. view n. 风景；看法 17. mile n. 英里 18. relax vi. 放松，休息 19. living room n. 客厅，起居室 20. *ahlan 你好 (阿拉伯语问候语) 21. village n. 村庄，村镇 22. *carpet n. 地毯 23. next to prep. 紧邻，在… 近旁 24. yard n. 院子 25. hen n. 母鸡 26. collect vt. 收集，采集 27. firework n. 烟火，烟花 28. *BBQ abbr. (= barbecue) 户外烧烤；烤架 29. zero num. 零 30. square adj. 平方 31. metre n. (AmE meter) 米 32. square metre n. 平方米 33. number n. 号码；数字；数量 34. million num. 一百万 35. calendar n. 历法；日历 36. *lunar calendar n. 农历，阴历 37. *seaside n. 海边，海滨 38. east n., adj. & adv. 东部；东方的；向东 39. stone n. 石头；石块 40. *seagrass n. 海草 41. hold vi. 承受住，坚持住 42. hold up 支撑得住 43. wind n. 风，气流 44. south-west n., adj. & adv. 西南方；西南方的；向西南方 45. bamboo n. 竹，竹子 46. ground floor n. 底层，一楼 47. *grassland n. 草原，草地，草场 48. north n., adj. & adv. 北部；北方的；向北 49. tent n. 帐篷 50. wood n. 木，木头 51. build vi. & vt. 建筑，建造 52. fishing n. 钓鱼，捕鱼业 (或活动) 53. dry adj. 干燥的，干的 54. ride vt. & vi. 骑；驾驶；搭乘 55. centre n. (AmE center) (市镇的) 中心区；中心 56. bathroom n. 浴室；〈美〉卫生间 57. smell vt. 闻，嗅 (气味) 58. sky n. 天空 单元课文 Home is where the heart is. In this unit, we will read about homes around the world; learn about different kinds of home life; describe our dream home; better understand how different families show love. Everybody has their own home. Let’s learn about homes around the world and talk about what our home or dream home is like. The Class 1, Grade 7 students are learning about different types of houses. Look at the pictures below. Write the type of the house under each picture. 现代住宅 活动住房 联排式住宅 cottage flat farmhouse modern house mobile home town house Simon is talking online with his foreign friend, Will, about different types of houses. Work in pairs and talk about your home. Use the conversation below as a model. 房屋类型 · Simon: What type of house do you live in, Will? · Will: I live in a town house in the west of London. · Simon: What’s your favourite place at home? · Will: I like the study best. There are hundreds of books in the study. It’s relaxing to read books there. What about you? 住在一间公寓里 一个我自己的房间 · Simon: I live in a flat in a tall building. I like my bedroom the most. It’s a room of my own. I can put up my favourite pictures on the wall. =have my own room. · Will: That’s nice. Reading: Homes around the world世界各地的家 Ni hao! My name is Li Mengtian. My family lives in the south of Beijing. Our flat is on the twenty-second floor. It is not big, but we have a nice balcony. I like to look at the nice view of the city there. I often help my parents in the kitchen and share stories about school with them. Hello! I’m Neil. I live in a town 15 miles from London. My family and I live in a house with two floors. We love to relax in our living room and chat over a cup of tea. I like the garden best. My brother Tom and I like to water the flowers. We always have fun with our dog there too! Ahlan! I’m Femi. I’m from a village near Cairo. There are seven people in my family. We often eat our meals together on a carpet. Next to our farmhouse is a yard. We keep some hens there. My sister and I like to collect the eggs. That’s my favourite part of the day. We also have a cotton field by the Nile River. During the busy season, we children often help in the field. 【译文】 你好！我叫李梦甜。 我家住在北京的南部。我们的公寓在 22 楼。房子不大，但我们有一个漂亮的阳台。我喜欢在那里欣赏城市的美景。我经常在厨房帮父母干活，还会和他们分享学校里的故事。 你好！我是尼尔。 我住在离伦敦 15 英里的一个小镇上。我和家人住在一栋两层楼的房子里。我们喜欢在客厅里放松，边喝茶边聊天。我最喜欢花园。我和弟弟汤姆喜欢浇花，我们还总是和狗狗在那里玩得很开心！ 你好（阿拉伯语问候语）！我是费米。 我来自开罗附近的一个村庄。我家有七口人。我们经常一起坐在地毯上吃饭。我们的农舍旁边有一个院子，我们在那里养了一些母鸡。我和姐姐喜欢去捡鸡蛋，这是我一天中最喜欢的时刻。我们在尼罗河旁边还有一片棉田，农忙的时候，我们这些孩子经常去田里帮忙。 Read the blog posts again. Write a T if a sentence is true or an F if it is false. Then correct the false one(s). 1. Li Mengtian often tells her parents about her school day. __________ 2. Neil has a very big family. __________ 3. Femi’s family grows cotton near the Nile River. __________ 4. Both Neil and Femi have pets.__________ 5. There are more people in Li Mengtian’s family than in Neil’s or Femi’s.__________ 6. The three students live in different types of homes, but they all enjoy their lives.__________ Simon found some pictures in the students’ blog posts. Complete his notes with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below. This is Li Mengtian at her home in the south of Beijing. She is enjoying the night view on the balcony with her parents. The night looks bright and colourful with fireworks. It’s the weekend again, the perfect time to have a BBQ in the garden and relax. Neil is helping his parents with the food. Next to them, Tom is playing with their dog. The family are having fun! Femi lives in a farmhouse in a village. His family keep some hens in the yard. Femi and his sister are collecting eggs there. Their parents are busy in the vegetable field. Grammar---数词知识点总结 一、基数词：表示数目多少的词。 · 作用：表示数量、距离、面积、号码、年龄、价格等。 · 0–19 特殊记忆： · 0–10：zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten · 11–19：eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen · 20–99：整十数以 - ty 结尾（twenty, thirty…），中间加连字符（如 twenty-one） · 大数读法：从右往左每三位一组，用逗号 / 空格分隔，依次读 thousand, million 等，百位和十位 / 个位之间加 and. 例：4,056 = four thousand and fifty-six · 常见用法场景： (1) 1 距离：15 miles 2 门牌号：28 Rose Street 3 面积：160 square metres 4 电话号码：0207 000 1111 5 数量：1,000 pictures 6 年龄：nine years old 7 价格：4,550 yuan 8 月日年；日月年 June 24th,24th june 二、序数词:表示顺序先后的词。 · 作用：表示顺序、楼层、日期、年级、排名等。 · 基数词变序数词规则 (1) 基本变化：one→first, two→second, three→third, five→fiftheight→eighth, nine→ninth, twelve→twelfth (2) 整十的数（二十到九十）：把词尾的 -y 改为 -ie 再加后缀 -th twenty→twentieth, thirty→thirtieth, forty→fortieth (3) 几十几、几百几十几或更多位数的序数词：只需要把个位数字对应的基数词改为序数词 twenty-two→twenty-second, thirty-nine→thirty-ninth (4) 序数词的缩写形式：用对应的阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母来表示： eighth→8th, twelfth→12th, twenty-third→23rd 【巧学助记】（序数词记忆口诀） 基变序，有规律，词尾加上 th； 一，二，三，特殊记，词尾字母 t, d, d； 八去 t，九除 e，ve 要用 f 替； 整十基数变序数，先把 ty 变成 tie，后面再加 th； 要是遇上两位数，十位基数个位 th，最后加上去。 · 常见用法场景： 1　 2　 楼层：the twenty-second floor 3　 日期：the twentieth of February 4　 年级：the seventh grade 5　 排名：the first to get to school 6　 月份：the third month (March) 7　 生日：his thirteenth birthday 三、基数词 vs 序数词 核心区别 基数词 序数词 含义 表示“多少”（数量） 表示“第几”（顺序） 修饰名词 直接修饰名词（复数）：10 books 前加the，修饰名词：the 10th book 常见搭配 距离、面积、号码、年龄、价格等 楼层、日期、年级、排名、生日等 四、易错点提示 (1) 电话号码 / 房间号：读基数词，逐个数字读（如 806 → eight o six） (2) 楼层表达：英式用序数词（the 22nd floor），美式也可直接用数字（Floor 22） (3) 日期表达：月份 + the + 序数词（February the twentieth） (4) 整十数复数：表示 “几十多岁” 或 “年代”：in his thirties（在他三十多岁时），in the 1990s（20 世纪 90 年代） 五、特殊用法 (一) 基数词的特殊用法 (1) 表示人的不确切年龄或某个年代：用几十的复数形式。He became a professor in his thirties. 他三十多岁时成为教授。 It was in the 1980s (读作 nineteen eighties). 那是在 20 世纪 80 年代。 要点拓展：有时在物主代词后可加形容词 early 或 late，使含义更确切 at her early thirties. 三十出头。 (2) “基数词 + 单数名词” 做定语：相当于复合形容词，中间用连词符连接，做名词的定语，用于表示时间、年龄、距离等。 a 100-metre race 100 米赛跑 ；a ten-minute walk 10 分钟的路程；a 35-year-old lady 一位 35 岁的女士 (3) “基数词 + more” 或 “another + 基数词”：表示 “在原来的基础上增加的数量” My grandmother will stay in Shanghai for two more weeks. = My grandmother will stay in Shanghai for another two weeks. 我的奶奶将在上海再待两周。 (二) 序数词的特殊用法（加 the / 不加 the） 在英语中，使用序数词时前面要加定冠词 the，但在下面的情况下则不加 the： (1) 当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰时，序数词前不加 the Mother was my first teacher in my life. 妈妈是我人生中的第一个老师。 (2) 当表达 “又一，再一” 时，序数词前不用 the，但可加不定冠词 a/an Please give me a second chance. 请再给我一次机会。 (3) 当表达 “年月日” 时，尤其在朗读时，序数词前要加 the；但书写时，序数词前可以不用加 the He was born on June 6th, 1974. 他出生在 1974 年 6 月 6 日。 (4) 当序数词在句中做状语时，序数词前不用加 the Who got there second? 谁第二个到那儿的？ （三）、难点突破 (1) 分数的表达 · 分子须用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大于一，分母须用复数形式 · 整数与分数之间须用 and 连接 例：Two thirds of the students are boys in our class. 我们班三分之二的学生是男生。 例：五又四分之三读作 five and three fourths 巧学助记（分数记忆口诀）：分子基数分母序，二者单复要一致；如果遇到假分数，and 将其连一起。 分数做主语时：谓语动词由 of 后面的名词的数来确定 · of 后为可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数形式 · of 后为不可数名词时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 例：Two thirds of the work is hard to finish. 三分之二的工作很难完成。 例：Two thirds of the students in our class are League members. 我们班里三分之二的学生是团员。 (2) 确数和概数（略数）的表达 · 表示确切数目时：hundred, thousand 和 million 只能用单数，不能在它们的后面加 s 和 of · 表示不确定的数目时：要用 “hundreds of /thousands of /millions of + 复数名词”，表示 “数百的 / 数千的 / 数百万的”；这几个带 of 的短语前不能加具体数字，但可以用 some, several 等。 音节 1. 音节定义：单词可划分为音节，一个音节通常包含一个元音音素，可搭配或不搭配辅音音素。 2. 音节数量分类： (1) 单音节词：只有 1 个音节，如 fun / home / flat / like。 (2) 双音节词：包含 2 个音节，如 enjoy / city / window / number / second。 (3) 多音节词：包含 3 个及以上音节，如 family / wonderful / favourite / comfortable / balcony / beautiful / sometimes。 二、复数形式的音节变化规则 (1) 当单词变复数（加 -s 或 -es）时，部分单词会多出 1 个音节，规律如下： · 多出音节的情况：当单词以 /s/ /z/ /tʃ/ /dʒ/ /ʃ/ 等音结尾时，加 -es 会读成 /ɪz/，新增一个音节。 例：place → places、box → boxes、house → houses、price → prices。 (2) 不多出音节的情况：单词以清辅音或浊辅音结尾，加 -s 后读成 /s/ 或 /z/，不新增音节。 例：flower → flowers、light → lights、floor → floors、restaurant → restaurants、kitchen → kitchens、 parent → parents。 三、音节数判断技巧 · 听元音：一个单词里有几个清晰的元音发音，就有几个音节。 例：comfortable /ˈkʌmftəbl/ → 4 个元音 → 4 个音节；beautiful /ˈbjuːtɪfl/ → 3 个元音 → 3 个音节。 · 拆分法：多音节词可按元音拆分，如 fam-i-ly、won-der-ful。 · 复数变化：重点关注以 /s/ /z/ /ʃ/ /tʃ/ 等结尾的词，变复数后会多 /ɪz/ 音节。 Integration: Sweet home Simon is working on a project about homes around China. · Amy: China is very large and people in different areas enjoy different lives. Where would you like to live, Sandy? · Sandy: I’d like to live on the grasslands. · Amy: Why? · Sandy: Because life there is free and relaxing, and it’s interesting to move with the seasons. What about you, Amy? · Amy: I’d like to live in a seaside town. The beach is a great place to relax and have fun! My dream home Beginning: My dream home is a house with two floors, away from the city centre. Main body: It has a nice garden with lots of flowers and trees. I can smell the flowers and hear the birds singing. On the first floor, there is a balcony. I love to sit there at night and look at the stars in the sky. The house is big, so my grandparents can live with us and we can take good care of them. At the weekend, we often have a big dinner. After that, I enjoy playing Chinese chess with Grandpa. Sometimes I help Mum and Dad with some cleaning. Ending: This is my dream home. I love it! 【译文】 我的梦想家园 开头：我的梦想家园是一栋两层的房子，远离市中心。 主体：房子有一个漂亮的花园，里面种满了花草树木。我可以闻到花香，听到鸟儿歌唱。一楼有一个阳台。我喜欢晚上坐在那里，仰望天空中的星星。 房子很大，所以我的祖父母可以和我们住在一起，我们能好好照顾他们。周末我们经常吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。饭后，我喜欢和爷爷下象棋。有时我会帮爸爸妈妈打扫卫生。 结尾：这就是我的梦想家园。我爱它！ 【Useful expressions】 · · My dream home is a(n) … away from/in the centre of/near … · On the ground/first floor, we have … · There is/are … in it. · I can … · I love to … · … live(s) with me/us. · At the weekend, I/we often … · I enjoy … · Sometimes I help … 【Further study】 East or west, home is best. 金窝银窝，不如自家草窝。 A good home is made, not bought. 美好的家是用心营造的，不是买来的。 Home is the starting place of love, hope and dreams. 家是爱、希望与梦想开始的地方。 【基础练习巩固】 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. It’s ______ (relax) to listen to music after a long day’s study. 2. Summer is a perfect time for students ______ (visit) Shanghai Disneyland. 3. The ______ (beautiful) of the lake at sunset attracts many photographers. 4. We should be ______ (friend) to our neighbours and help each other. 5. My sister likes ______ (collect) stamps in her free time. 6. My favourite teacher is Mr Li, so I like him ______ (well). 7. Though he is over 70, he keeps ______ (work). 8. I love all the amazing ______ (view) on the Earth. 9. From the ______ (mountain) view, we can see the whole city. 10. Nanjing is in the ______ (centre) part of Jiangsu. 11. Many tall ______ (build) have been built in this area. 12. The meeting will be ______ (hold) next Monday. 13. There are five ______ (hundred) teachers in our school. 14. He decided to travel to the ______ (west) part of China. 15. May is the ______ (five) month of a year and my birthday is in May. 16. The coach’s encouraging words helped the team ______ confidence after their tough loss. (build) 17. Andy’s sister is in good health though she is already in her ______ (ninety). 18. There are ______ (five) students in my Class, 24 boys and 26 girls. 19. Our school has a library, and there are five ______ (thousand) books in it. 20. My grandpa likes ______ (read) newspapers on the balcony. 二、根据所给的首字母提示填空。 1. This is my o______ computer; I bought it last year. 2. My grandparents live in a small v______ around in many beautiful fields. 3. My sister bought my grandpa a cake to celebrate his n______ birthday. 4. It’s too w______ to fly a kite today. 5. After a long day’s work, I like to listen to light music to r______. 6. I s______ something burning in the kitchen. 7. The hotel is in a c______ location near the station. 8. His stamp c______ is very valuable. 9. She likes watching w______ movies about cowboys. 10. The m______ library comes to our school every month. 11. From the top of the mountain, we enjoyed a beautiful v______ of the whole city. 12. We are i______ in playing badminton. It can make us fit. 13. I have n______ toy cars, four big and five small. 14. The panda is eating b______ with its black and white fur. 15. After you finish your homework, you can listen to music to r______. 16. In China, Teachers’ Day is in September—the n______ month of the year. 17. We flew a kite high in the blue s______ after school. 18. Standing at the top of the mountain, I got a good v______ of the area. 19. Peter walks to school instead of r______ a bike every day. 20. As we know, a lot of furniture, such as chairs, is made of w______. 三、根据汉语提示填空。 1. My favourite room at home is the ______ (书房) because I can read books quietly. 2. My sister’s room faces ______ (向西). 3. This ______ (现代的) building has 30 floors, and it’s the tallest in our city. 4. Many people in the countryside live in ______ (农舍) with big gardens. 5. The ______ (阳台) of the flat is very big, and we can enjoy the view of the park. 6. There is a small ______ (院子) behind our house, and we grow some flowers there. 7. He lives in a small ______ (市镇) that is peaceful. 8. The ______ (卫生间) is next to the bedroom in my house. 9. People ______ (建筑) stone houses by the seaside to resist strong wind. 10. Pandas mainly eat ______ (竹子) and live in bamboo forests. 11. We can see the moon and stars in the ______ (天空) at night. 12. The cafe is ______ (在…… 近旁) the park, so it’s a good place to rest. 13. My dream home is a cozy ______ (小别墅) by the lake. 14. Herdsmen graze their animals on the green ______ (草地). 15. Lily goes to the shopping ______ (中心) to buy a sweater for her mother’s birthday. 16. The ______ (风景) from the mountain is breathtaking. 17. In the ______ (二十一) century, science and technology are developing so fast. 18. I find stamp collecting very ______ and it takes my mind off my work. (轻松的) 19. In modern society, almost everyone has a ______ phone to stay connected with friends and family. (可移动的) 20. Because I live in a distant ______ (村庄), I think I must have a car. 四、完成句子。 1. 这个小镇有几百户人家，人们相处得很和睦。 There are of families in this small town, and people get along very well. 2. 奶奶养的母鸡每天都会下蛋，我们能吃到新鲜的鸡蛋。 The ______ raised by Grandma lay eggs every day, and we can eat fresh eggs. 3. 费米家的院子里养了一些母鸡。 Femi’s family keeps some ______ in the yard. 4. 我住在距离伦敦 15 英里的一个镇上。 I live in a town ______ ______ ______ London. 5. 尼尔的家离伦敦大约 15 英里。 Neil’s home is about 15 ______ from London. 6. 威尔的书房里有数百本书。 There are ______ of books in Will’s study. 7. 在中国北方的草原上，人们住在易于搭建和移动的帐篷里。 On the grasslands of the north of China, people live in ______ that are easy to build and move. 8. 我们农舍的旁边是一个院子。 ______ ______ our farmhouse is a yard. 9. 我姐姐和我都喜欢收集鸡蛋。 My sister and I like ______ ______ eggs. 10. 我们开车行驶了几十英里，终于到达了目的地。 We drove dozens of ______ and finally reached our destination. 11. 我们总是和我们的狗在那里玩得很开心！ We always ______ ______ with our dog there too! 12. 竹屋在中国的西南部。 The bamboo houses are in the ______ of China. 13. 雨后的天空格外蓝，还挂着一道彩虹。 The ______ after the rain is especially blue, with a rainbow hanging. 14. 我家住在北京的南部。 My family lives ______ ______ ______ ______ Beijing. 15. 这座城市有很多现代建筑，展现了它的发展速度。 This city has many ______ buildings, showing its development speed. 16. 我们的农舍旁边有一个院子，里面养了一些母鸡。 Next to our ______ is a yard where we keep some hens. 17. 这座农舍有一百多年的历史，现在被改造成了民宿。 This ______ has a history of over 100 years and has now been converted into a homestay. 18. 从厨房传来妈妈做饭的味道。太香了。 From the kitchen, I can ______ my mum’s cooking. It’s so delicious. 19. 我闻到了花香，原来花园里的玫瑰开了。 I ______ the smell of flowers. It turns out the roses in the garden are in bloom. 20. 浴室在卧室的旁边，使用起来很方便。 The ______ is next to the bedroom, which makes it very convenient to use. 五、根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Homes are the most precious place for everyone. They are not just buildings, but filled with love and memories. Different places and cultures give birth to different styles of homes. Different countries have various styles of homes, from small c__1__ in villages to tall flats in big cities. In China, some families live in t__2__ houses with several floors, while others stay in simple flats with cozy rooms. A home with a big y__3__ is perfect for people who like growing flowers or playing with pets in their free time. My favourite room at home is the b__4__, where I can sit and watch the beautiful street view outside when I feel tired. Compared with old houses made of earth and wood, m__5__ buildings have more convenient facilities, like lifts and central heating. Family members often s__6__ meals and interesting stories at home every evening, which makes our life warm and happy. After a long day’s study or work, it’s great to r__7__ in your own room, listening to soft music or reading books. In cold northern areas, homes need good heating systems to stay w__8__ during winter. Some people prefer living in the countryside because the environment is q__9__ and the air is fresh. No matter what kind of home we live in, we should c__10__ the love and happiness it brings. Home is where our hearts belong forever. 答案： 第一大题 1. relaxing 2. to visit 3. beauty 4. friendly 5. collecting 6. best 7. working 8. views 9. mountain 10. central 11. buildings 12. held 13. hundred 14. western 15. fifth 16. build/to build 17. nineties 18. fifty 19. thousand 20. reading 第二大题 1.own/wn 2. village/illage 3. ninetieth/inetieth 4. (w)indy 5. (r)elax 6. (s)mell 7. (c)entral 8. (c)ollection 9. (w)estern 10. (m)obile 11. (v)iew 12. (i)nterested 13. (n)ine 14. (b)amboo 15. (r)elax 16. (n)inth 17. (s)ky 18. (v)iew 19. (r)iding 20. (w)ood 第三大题 1.study 2. west 3. modern 4. farmhouses 5. balcony 6. yard 7. town 8. bathroom 9. build 10. bamboo 11. sky 12. next to 13. cottage 14. grassland 15. center 16. view 17. twenty-first 18. relaxing 19. mobile 20. village 第四大题 1.hundreds 2. hens 3. hens 4. 15/fifteen; miles; from 5. miles 6. hundreds 7. tents 8. Next; to 9. to; collect 10. miles 11. have; fun 12. south-west/southwest 13. sky 14. in; the; south; of 15. modern 16. farmhouse 17. farmhouse 18. smell 19. smell 20. bathroom 第五大题 1. cottages/ottages 2. tall/all 3. yard/ard 4. balcony/alcony 5. modern/odern 6. share/hare 7. relax/elax 8. warm/arm 9. quiet/quiet 10. cherish/herish $