04 专题二 词汇中的精细修饰——形容词和副词-【智乐星中考·中考备战】2026年山东省中考英语讲练本PPT课件（人教版 六三制）

1 2 词汇中的精细修饰——形容词和副词 专题二 3 目 录 专题要点明晰 考点分类讲练 专题原创语篇精练 4 形容词常用于修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征。 副词常用于修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明事物发生的时间、地点、程度或方式等。 5 词类 按构成分类 示例 按性质/意义分类 示例 形容词 本身即为adj. red, big, glad... 等级形容词:直接说明人或事物的特征、性质并有等级变化的形容词,在句中作定语、表语或补足语 It was such a nice day. Her room is cleaner than her sister’s. 加后缀构成adj. cloudy, unbelievable, national, useful, dangerous... 合成adj. hard-working, well-known, English-speaking... 6 词类 按构成分类 示例 按性质/意义分类 示例 形容词 -ing/-ed型adj. interesting, excited, boring... 表语形容词在句中常作表语,不作定语 My brother is relaxed. 副词 本身即为adv. here, there, quite, rather... 时间/地点/方式/程度副词 ago, home... 与adj.形式相同 fast, enough, early, very... 频度副词 sometimes... adj.词尾加后缀 quickly, heavily, possibly... 疑问副词 what, why... 7 课标要求掌握两个方面的内容:形容词和副词的基本形式以及形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。 中考高频考点:形容词和副词的转换及词义辨析,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。 8 考点1 形容词、副词的转换 　　副词一般由形容词变化而来,常见变化规则如下: 9 构成方法 例词 一般情况 加-ly slow→________ 　　　　sad→________ quiet→______ different→___________ 以辅音字母+y结尾的词 变y为i,再加-ly happy→________　　　　　heavy→________ easy→______ angry→______ slowly sadly quietly differently happily heavily easily angrily 10 构成方法 例词 以e 结尾 以-le结尾的词 去e加-y possible→________　　　　simple→________ comfortable→_____________ 以-ue结尾的词 去e加-ly true→______ 多数以-e结尾的词 直接加-ly wise→________　　 　　　complete→___________ polite→_________ 特殊变化 good→______ possibly simply comfortably truly wisely completely politely well 11 【特别提醒】 有些副词与形容词同形。如:fast, late, early, hard, straight, far等。 12 考点专练 1.(2025扬州)With ____________(wonder) treasures inside, Yangzhou Museum is well worth visiting.   2.(2025达州)It’s important to know how to ask for help ________(polite).  3.(2025黑龙江龙东地区)I love soft drinks with a lot of sugar. They taste good but ____________(health).  4.(2025甘肃A卷)Our neighbors are very ________(friend) to each other.  wonderful politely unhealthy friendly 13 5.(2025无锡)It’s about a boy named Ne Zha, who is a bit ____________ (patient) sometimes but very brave.  6.(2025济宁改编)We had a picnic on a ________(sun) day last weekend.  7.(2025云南)Teenagers are supposed to spend their money ________(wise).   8.(2025苏州改编)Lin is honest and hard-working, so everyone speaks very ________(high) of him.  impatient sunny wisely highly 14 考点2 形容词、副词的等级 　　大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:1.原级,即原形;2.比较级,表示“较……”或“更……”;3.最高级,表示“最……”。 15 一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成 1.规则变化 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和部分双音节词　 一般在词尾加-er或-est slow fast slower faster slowest fastest 以不发音的字母e结尾的词,在词尾加-r或-st large fine late larger finer later largest finest latest 16 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和部分双音节词　 以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母的词,先双写该辅音字母,再加-er或-est big fat hot thin bigger fatter hotter thinner biggest fattest hottest thinnest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,先变y为i,再加-er或-est easy happy early funny easier happier earlier funnier easiest happiest earliest funniest 17 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 多音节词和部分双音节词　 在词前加more或most beautiful comfortably more beautiful more comfortably most beautiful most comfortably 18 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther较远 further进一步 farthest最远 furthest最大程度 19 二、形容词、副词原级的常见用法 结构及用法 例句 as+原级+as表示两者在某一方面相同 She is as tall as her mother. 她和她的妈妈一样高。 not as/so+原级+as 表示一方在某一方面不及另一方 The weather here is not as/so hot as that in Beijing. 这儿的天气不如北京热。 20 三、形容词、副词比较级的常见用法 结构及用法 例句 比较级+than 两者比较,表示一方超过另一方,意为“……比……” He works much harder than me. 他工作比我努力得多。 less+原级+than被称为“降级比较” 两者比较,表示一方不及另一方,意为“不如……” He thinks English is less important than Chinese. 他认为英语不如汉语重要。 比较级+and+比较级 不与其他事物相比,表示自身程度的改变,意为“越来越……” Our country is becoming stronger and stronger. 我们的国家正变得越来越强大。 21 结构及用法 例句 the+比较级,the+比较级 表示一方随另一方而变化,意为“越……,越……” The more, the better. 多多益善。 the+比较级+of the two+可数名词复数 意为“两者中较……的一个” John is the cleverer of the two boys. 约翰是两个男孩中较聪明的那一个。 Which/Who+谓语动词+比较级,A or B? 意为“两者比较,哪个(人)更……” Who runs faster, Tom or Jack? 谁跑得更快,汤姆还是杰克? 22 【特别提醒】 ①常见的可用来修饰比较级的词和短语:much, a lot, a little, a bit, even, still, rather, far等。(小口诀:多多少少甚至还相当远) It is much colder today than yesterday. 今天比昨天冷得多。 My apple is a little bigger than yours. 我的苹果比你的大一点。 ②very, so, quite等词常用于修饰原级,不能修饰比较级。 23 ③倍数的表达方式: a.A+be+倍数+as+原级+as+B Our school is three times as big as theirs. 我们的学校是他们的三倍大。 b.A+be+倍数+比较级+than+B This box is twice bigger than that one. 这个箱子比那个大两倍。 c.A+be+倍数+the size/length/amount...+of+B The earth is about 49 times the size of the moon. 地球的体积大约是月球的49倍。四、形容词、副词最高级的常见用法 24 结构及用法 例句 the+最高级+范围(in/of短语) 表示三者或三者以上的人或物的比较,意为“最……” I think spring is the best season of the year. 我认为春天是一年中最好的季节。 the+序数词+形容词最高级 意为“第几最……” Mike is the second tallest boy in his class. 迈克是他班上第二高的男孩。 25 结构及用法 例句 one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 意为“最……的……之一” He is one of the best basketball players in the team. 他是队里最好的篮球运动员之一。 Which/Who+谓语动词+最高级, A, B or C? 表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择 Who is the tallest, Tom, Jack or Jim? 谁最高,汤姆,杰克还是吉姆? 26 【特别提醒】 ①形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前的the可以省去。 Kate is the youngest in her class. 凯特是她班上年龄最小的。 Jenny sings (the) most beautifully of the three. 珍妮是三人之中唱得最动听的。 ②形容词最高级前可以有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰,但此时不能有定冠词the。 He is my tallest friend. 他是我最高的朋友。 27 ③形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。 a.比较级+any other+可数名词单数 Tom is taller than any other student in his class. 汤姆比他班上其他任何学生都高。 b.比较级+than+(all) the other+可数名词复数 Lucy is taller than (all) the other girls in her class. 露西比她班上(所有)其他的女孩都高。 c.比较级+than+anyone/anything else Jack studies harder than anyone else in his class. 杰克比他班上其他的学生学习都刻苦。 28 考点专练 1.(2025德阳)Lin Tao runs f_______ than most of his classmates. He is the running star in his class.  2.(2025泰安)Community canteens(食堂) have become more and more popular in China. They provide old people with ________(更健康的) and cheaper dishes.  3.(2025达州)The Yangtze River is the ________(long) river in China.  4.(2025扬州)The international influence of Yangzhou is getting _________ (strong) than before.   aster healthier longest stronger 29 5.(2025黑龙江龙东地区)After graduating from his university, he chose one of the ________(far) villages in Heilongjiang to be a volunteer.  6.(2025甘肃A卷)The more we communicate with our parents, the ________ (good) we’ll understand each other.  7.(2025无锡)The movie has been a huge success and the _______(late) news says it will keep on showing until the end of June.  8.(2025贵州)赛龙舟是端午节最热闹的一项活动。它展示了人与人之间 团结合作的精神。 The Dragon Boat Race is _________lively activity of the Dragon Boat Festival. It shows the spirit of unity and cooperation among people.  farthest better latest the most 30 　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 　　【原创题】 Lena loved music more than anything else in the world. To her, music was the most special form of art. She often listened to music, and she sang the 1.________________(beautiful) in her school band.  　　One day, her parents told her they were moving to a quieter neighborhood. Lena was upset because her new house was 2.________(small) than her old one. And 3._______(bad) of all, the walls in her room are thin. She couldn’t play music as 4.____________(loud) as before.  专题原创语篇精练二 most beautifully smaller worst loudly/loud 31 　　Lena felt 5.___________(happy) than ever. Then, she met Mr. Carter, an elderly neighbor who played the violin 6.______(good). He noticed her sadness and invited her to join his small music group. When she joined the music group, Lena felt 7.___________(surprise) but hopeful. The group played very 8.___________(smooth) together. And soon, a bright smile appeared on her face again.  unhappier well surprised smoothly 32 　　With Mr. Carter’s 9.________(help) advice, Lena realized that music didn’t have to be the loudest to be beautiful. Sometimes, softer music could be even 10.______________(touching). She learned to find joy in sharing music freely with others.  　　In the end, Lena’s new home became the most musical place she had ever known—not because of being loud, but because of the love she put into every note. helpful more touching 33 34 $