Unit 1 Following the rules（期中知识清单）五年级英语下学期（人教PEP版·新教材）

知识清单·人教PEP版五年级下册 Unit 1 Following the rules 知识梳理 知识点拨 ➊ 情态动词must/should的用法 ➋否定祈使句的用法 ➌ No+动名词的祈使句结构 考点一：情态动词must/should的用法 You must stay in the bus. You should take your turn. 情态动词 must 和 should 都可用于表达 “应该、必须”，后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化，二者语气和语义不同： · must：语气强烈，表 “必须、不得不”，强调客观要求、规定或义务，否定式为mustn't（禁止，千万别）。 例：You must keep quiet in the museum. 你必须在博物馆保持安静。 You mustn't touch the exhibits. 你千万别触摸展品。 · should：语气委婉，表 “应该”，强调建议、劝告，否定式为shouldn't（不应该）。 例：You should return the books on time. 你应该按时还书。 You shouldn't litter in the park. 你不应该在公园乱扔垃圾。 情态动词 含义 否定式 否定式含义 must 必须；不得不 mustn't 禁止； should 应该 shouldn't 不应该 【大显身手】 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. You ______ run in the library. It's the rule. A. must B. mustn't C. should ( )2. We ______ take turns to use the computer. It's a good habit. A. should B. mustn't C. don't ( )3. You ______ touch the machine. It's dangerous. A. should B. must C. mustn't ( )4. We ______ keep the classroom clean. It's our duty. A. should B. must C. shouldn't 二、选词填空。 must should mustn't shouldn't 1.You _________ talk quietly in the cinema. 2.You _________ feed the animals in the zoo. It's not good for them. 3.We _________ return the library books on time. 4.You _________ play on the road. It's very dangerous. 考点二：否定祈使句（Don't...）的用法 Don't touch the animals. Don't give out your password. 祈使句用来表达命令、请求、劝告等，否定祈使句以Don't开头，后接动词原形，意为 “不要做某事”，常用于公共场所的规则提醒。 基本结构：Don't + 动词原形 + 其他. 例：Don't shout in the museum. 不要在博物馆大喊大叫。 Don't litter on the ground. 不要在地上乱扔垃圾。 同义转换：Don't do sth. = You mustn't/shouldn't do sth. Don't run here. = You mustn't run here. 【大显身手】 一、按要求改写句子。 1.Touch the exhibits.（改为否定祈使句） _______________________________________________________________ 2.Shout in the library.（改为否定祈使句） _______________________________________________________________ 3.Litter in the park.（改为否定祈使句） _______________________________________________________________ 二、选择正确的答语。 ( ) 1. Don't eat in the computer room. A. Yes, we do. ( ) 2. What are the rules here? B. Sorry, I won't. ( ) 3. Do you know the library rules? C. Don't run and talk quietly. 考点三：No + 动名词的祈使句结构 No eating or drinking. 这是公共场所最常见的规则表达形式，属于祈使句的一种，用于明确禁止某种行为，简洁醒目。 基本结构：No + 动名词（V-ing），动名词后可接介词短语补充说明。 例：No swimming in the river. 禁止在河里游泳。 No parking here. 此处禁止停车。 同义转换：No + V-ing = Don't + 动词原形. No smoking. = Don't smoke. No running. = Don't run. 【大显身手】 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. ______ smoking in the museum. A. Don't B. No C. Shouldn't ( )2. ______ eating in the library. It's the rule. A. No B. Don't C. Mustn't ( )3. ______ running or shouting in the hospital. A. Don't B. No C. Should 二、将下列句子改为 No + 动名词的形式。 1.Don't swim in this lake. ____________________________________________________________ 2.Don't take photos here. ____________________________________________________________ 3.Don't talk loudly in the reading room. ____________________________________________________________ 写作指引 一、方法指导 制定公共场所的规则，可按 “三步法” 写作。第一步开头，点明要制定规则的公共场所；第二步正文，用 3-4 个句子写出具体规则（用 must/should/Don't/No... 等句型）；第三步结尾，说明制定规则的意义。 二、素材积累 必备词汇 必备句型 开头 library, park, cinema, museum, computer room, bus stop ·These are the rules for the ______. ·Let me tell you the rules in the ______. ·Here are some rules for the ______. 正文 talk quietly, stand in line, keep clean, return on time; ・You must/should + 动词原形. no eating, no smoking, no running, no littering ・You mustn't/shouldn't + 动词原形. ・Don't + 动词原形. ・No + 动名词. 结尾 safe, clean, orderly, happy ·These rules make the ______ clean and safe. ·Following the rules makes us live in order. 三、写作练习 请你为学校图书馆制定规则，要求：语句通顺，标点正确，不少于 5 句话。 综合训练 一、根据所给首字母或汉语提示填空。 1.We must talk q___________ in the library. 2.No s___________ in the public places. It's bad for others. 3.You should r___________ the books to the library on time. 4.Don't l___________ on the ground. Keep the park clean. 5.We must keep o___________ and take turns. 6.The sign says “Keep off the ___________（草地）”. 7.It's ___________（危险的）to play near the river. 8.We should ___________（保护）the animals and plants. 二、单项选择。 ( )1. What are the rules ______ the computer room? A. in B. on C. at ( )2. You ______ feed the ducks in the park. Some food is bad for them. A. should B. shouldn't C. must ( )3. ______ quiet in the reading room, please. A. Keep B. Keeps C. Keeping ( )4. No ______ or drinking in the museum. A. eat B. eating C. eats ( )5. We must ______ the books back on the shelf after reading. A. put B. puts C. putting ( )6. You should take ______ turn to use the water fountain. A. you B. your C. yours ( )7. ______ touch the machine. It's not safe. A. Not B. No C. Don't ( )8. These rules ______ the park clean and safe. A. make B. makes C. making 三、用 must/should/Don't/No 填空，补全规则。 Library Rules ___________ talk quietly. ___________ eating or drinking. ___________ write on the books. You ___________ return the books on time. You ___________ put the books back on the shelf. 四、按要求完成句子。 1.You should stand in line.（改为否定句） You __________ stand in line. 2.Don't run in the classroom.（改为同义句） __________ running in the classroom. 3.We must keep quiet in the museum.（对画线部分提问） __________ __________ we __________ __________ in the museum? 4.The rules are for the school library.（对画线部分提问） __________ __________ the rules for? 5.You mustn't touch the exhibits.（改为同义句） __________ __________ the exhibits. 五、选择正确的句子补全对话，其中有一个为多余选项。 A: Hi, Tom! We are going to the museum this afternoon. Do you know the museum rules? B: Yes, I do. 1.______ A: Oh, right! What else?A. No, we can't. B. We must talk quietly. C. We should take a bus there. D. No flash. E. We mustn't touch the exhibits. F. Let's follow the rules. B: 2.______ We can't take photos there. A: And? B: 3.______ We mustn't make noise. A: Can we eat snacks there? B: 4.______ No eating or drinking in the museum. A: OK, I remember all the rules. 5.______ B: That's good. Let's go together. 六、翻译题。 1.公共场所的规则很重要。 __________________________________________________________________________ 2.在动物园禁止触摸动物。 __________________________________________________________________________ 3.我们应该按时归还图书馆的书。 __________________________________________________________________________ 4.请勿践踏草坪，保护花草。 __________________________________________________________________________ 5.排队等候，按顺序来。 __________________________________________________________________________ 七、阅读短文，完成任务。 There are many rules in our school. We must follow them. First, we must wear our school uniforms at school. Second, we must talk quietly in the library and the classroom. Third, we shouldn't run in the hallways. It's dangerous. Fourth, we should keep our classroom clean and tidy. Fifth, we must take turns to use the school facilities（设施）. We also have rules in the dining hall. We should stand in line to get food. No talking while eating. These rules make our school a nice and safe place to study and play. (一) 根据短文内容，判断正 (T) 误 (F)。 ( ) 1. We don't need to wear school uniforms at school. ( ) 2. We can talk loudly in the library. ( ) 3. We shouldn't run in the hallways. ( ) 4. We should keep the classroom clean. ( ) 5. We can talk while eating in the dining hall. (二) 根据短文内容，回答问题。 What do the school rules do? ________________________________________________________________________ 八、书面表达。 请你以 “Park Rules” 为题，为社区公园制定规则，要求：语句通顺，使用本单元所学的规则表达句型，不少于 6 句话。 参考答案 考点一：情态动词 must/should 的用法 一、1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 二、1.must/should 2.mustn't/shouldn't 3.should/must 4.mustn't/shouldn't 考点二：否定祈使句（Don't...）的用法 一、1.Don't touch the exhibits. 2.Don't shout in the library. 3.Don't litter in the park. 二、1.B 2.C 3.A 考点三：No + 动名词的祈使句结构 一、1.B 2.A 3.B 二、1.No swimming in this lake. 2.No taking photos here. 3.No talking loudly in the reading room. 写作指引 - 写作练习（范文） Here are the rules for the school library. First, you must talk quietly. Don't shout or run here. Second, no eating or drinking in the library. Third, you should keep the books clean. Don't write or draw on them. Fourth, you must return the books on time. Fifth, you should put the books back on the right shelf after reading. These rules make the library a good place for reading. 综合训练参考答案 一、1.quietly 2.smoking 3.return 4.litter 5.order 6.grass 7.dangerous 8.protect 二、1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A 三、1.You must/should 2.No 3.Don't 4.must/should 5.must/should 四、1.shouldn't 2.No 3.What must; do 4.What are 5.Don't touch 五、1.E 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.F 六、1.Rules in public places are very important. 2.Don't touch the animals in the zoo. / No touching the animals in the zoo. 3.We should return the library books on time. 4.Keep off the grass and protect the flowers and grass. 5.Stand in line and take turns. 七、(一) 1.F 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F (二) They make the school a nice and safe place to study and play. 八、 Park Rules Here are some rules for the community park. First, don't litter on the ground. Keep the park clean. Second, keep off the grass. Don't walk or play on it. Third, you mustn't feed the stray animals（流浪动物）. It's not good for them. Fourth, talk quietly. No shouting or loud music. Fifth, no running near the lake. It's dangerous. Sixth, you should take care of the park's plants and facilities. Following these rules makes the park a beautiful and safe place for everyone. 第 1 页 共 13 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $