专题18 任务型阅读：信息检索与转述（培优讲义）（全国通用）2026年中考英语二轮复习高效培优系列

专题18 任务型阅读：信息检索与转述 目 录 第一部分 考情精析 锁定靶心 高效备考 第二部分 重难考点深解 深度溯源 扫清盲区 【考点01】直接检索转述题 【考点02】整合检索转述题 【考点03】逻辑检索转述题 第三部分 解题思维优化 典例精析+方法提炼+变式巩固 核心考向聚焦 信息检索的精准度与转述的规范性是考查重点，在各地中考任务型阅读中频繁出现。同义替换、时态/人称转换、句式简化及语境适配也有涉及，但相对比重较小。 关键能力与思维瓶颈 关键能力：掌握题干关键词定位技巧（人名、地名、数字、核心动词），能快速从语篇中检索有效信息；熟练进行同义替换（如like→enjoy、improve→make progress），掌握时态、人称、句式的规范转换，能在不改变原意的前提下，简洁、准确地完成转述。需通过语篇实操突破。熟练区分直接检索与间接检索，掌握信息整合技巧，能结合多句原文信息，归纳概括后规范转述，清晰区分“原文直接信息”与“合理推理信息”。需强化语篇应用规则。 培优瓶颈：主要受中文思维干扰，转述时易出现时态混乱、人称混淆，或直接照搬原文长句导致扣分；同时，检索技巧掌握不熟练，定位关键词不精准，间接检索时易遗漏核心信息，规则记忆碎片化，在综合语篇中易失分。需强化语境适配与技巧建模记忆。 命题前瞻与备考策略 预测：2026年中考中，将在真实语境语篇（校园生活、环保、科技、文化传承）中，灵活考查信息检索的精准度与转述的规范性。将更注重真实情境下的应用，侧重间接检索与整合转述，强调同义替换的自然性和句式转换的规范性，弱化机械记忆，强化语篇逻辑适配。同义替换、时态转换及信息整合将成为高频考查点，部分地区会结合图表类语篇，考查检索与转述的综合应用。 策略：备考应放弃对孤立技巧的死记硬背，转向 “技巧建模”与“语篇应用” 。重点训练： 1. 紧扣中考真题，建立信息检索与转述错题本（检索偏差、转述错误、时态/人称错误），强化在任务型阅读语篇中精准检索、规范转述的能力。 2. 熟记中考高频同义短语、时态转换规则及句式简化技巧，专项练习直接转述、整合转述、同义转述等高频应用题型，并与图表描述类任务型阅读结合训练，提升综合应用能力。 ◇考点 01 直接检索转述题 一、考查重点 核心考查“一对一”信息检索与转述，题干问题明确，关键信息在原文中可直接找到，无需整合多句信息，只需进行简单的同义替换或句式转换（如主动变被动、人称转换、时态统一），侧重基础语言应用能力。 二、解题重难点突破 重点：掌握“题干关键词定位法”，快速锁定原文对应句子，精准提取核心信息； 难点：避免“直接照搬原文”（扣分点），学会简单的同义替换（如动词、形容词替换），同时保证时态、人称、单复数与题干一致。 三、核心解题技巧 圈画题干关键词：优先圈出专有名词（人名、地名）、数字、时间、核心动词/名词，明确检索方向； 原文快速检索：根据关键词，在原文中定位对应句子，标记核心信息（如动作、结果、原因）； 规范转述：将原文核心信息进行同义替换（如“like”→“enjoy”，“very important”→“necessary”），调整句式（如原文陈述句，题干要求疑问句则转换句式）； 检查验证：核对时态、人称、单复数是否正确，确保表达简洁、无语法错误。 四、典例短文+题目解析（中考难度） 典例短文 My name is Li Ming. I am a 14-year-old student from No. 1 Middle School. I usually get up at 6:30 every morning. After getting up, I brush my teeth and wash my face. Then I have breakfast with my parents. I go to school at 7:40 by bike. My favorite subject is English because it is interesting and useful. After school, I often play basketball with my friends for an hour. 题目1（直接检索转述：时间类） What time does Li Ming usually get up every morning? （要求：用完整句子回答，不得照搬原文） 解析： 1. 圈画关键词：Li Ming、get up、every morning； 2. 检索原文：定位句子“I usually get up at 6:30 every morning.”； 3. 同义转述：“usually”可替换为“often”，调整句式（题干为特殊疑问句，回答用陈述句），避免照搬； 4. 检查：时态（一般现在时）、人称（Li Ming→He）一致，表达完整。 答案：Li Ming often gets up at 6:30 every morning. / He usually gets up at 6:30 every morning. 题目2（直接检索转述：原因类） Why does Li Ming like English? （要求：用完整句子回答，简洁规范） 解析： 1. 圈画关键词：Why、Li Ming、like English； 2. 检索原文：定位句子“My favorite subject is English because it is interesting and useful.”； 3. 同义转述：“favorite subject is English”简化为“likes English”，保留原因状语从句，无需额外添加信息； 4. 检查：原因逻辑清晰，语法正确，无冗余。 答案：Because it is interesting and useful. 易｜错｜提｜醒 1. 禁止直接照搬原文句子，即使信息正确，也会酌情扣分； 2. 注意人称转换：题干用“he/she”，回答需对应原文人物性别，避免人称混淆； 3. 时态统一：原文为一般现在时，回答不可用过去时，反之亦然。 （一） （2026·陕西西安·二模）Shan Hai Jing is a famous ancient Chinese book that records many magical animals and strange lands. Among all these amazing creatures, Jiliang is one of the most beloved. It is a magical horse with a special appearance and deep meanings. According to Shan Hai Jing, Jiliang lives in a remote mountain area. It has a pure white body, shiny fur and a gentle look. Unlike ordinary horses, it runs much faster and can travel hundreds of miles in one day without getting tired. What makes Jiliang special is not only its speed, but also its ability to bring good luck to people who meet it. In ancient times, people believed Jiliang was a lucky symbol. Those who saw it would have a long life, and their family would be blessed with peace. Jiliang is kind and never hurts anyone. It often helps lost travelers and is respected by local people for its kindness. Although Jiliang is not a real animal, it has become an important part of traditional Chinese culture. It shows people’s hope for a happy life. Today, we can read stories about Jiliang in books, and learning about it helps us understand more about ancient people’s wishes. Jiliang is more than a magical horse; it is a symbol of kindness and hope. It reminds us to keep a kind heart. This magical creature truly warms people’s hearts. Many stories about Jiliang are still told today. We should remember Jiliang and pass down the culture it carries, because it helps us know more about traditional Chinese culture and the wisdom of ancient people. 1．Which English word means “生物” in paragraph 1? It’s “ ”. 2．What does Jiliang look like according to the passage? It . 3．Why was Jiliang considered a lucky symbol in ancient times? Because seeing Jiliang and family peace. 4．Why should we pass down the culture that Jiliang carries? Because it helps us know more about and the wisdom of ancient people. 5．Create a proper title with the key words “Jiliang” and “symbol” in no more than 8 words. . 【答案】1．creatures 2．has a pure white body, shiny fur and a gentle look 3．would bring people a long life 4．traditional Chinese culture 5．Jiliang: A Symbol of Kindness and Hope 【解析】本文主要介绍了《山海经》中一种神奇的生物——吉量，包括其外貌、特性、在古代文化中的象征意义以及我们应该传承其承载的文化的原因。 1．文章第一段中“Among all these amazing creatures, Jiliang is one of the most beloved.”表明，在所有这些神奇的生物中，吉量是最受喜爱的之一，结合句意可知“creatures” 对应“生物”。 2．根据第二段中“It has a pure white body, shiny fur and a gentle look.”可知，吉量有着纯白色的身体、闪亮的皮毛和温和的神情。 3．根据第三段中“Those who saw it would have a long life, and their family would be blessed with peace.”可知，古人认为看到吉量的人会长寿，家人会获得和平的祝福，题干中已有“family peace”，故填would bring people a long life。 4．根据最后一段中“We should remember Jiliang and pass down the culture it carries, because it helps us know more about traditional Chinese culture and the wisdom of ancient people.” 可知，传承吉量承载的文化，能帮助我们更多地了解中国传统文化和古人的智慧，题干中已有“the wisdom of ancient people”，故填traditional Chinese culture。 5．全文围绕吉量展开，重点讲述了它作为善良和希望的象征意义，要求标题包含“Jiliang”和“symbol”，且不超过8个词，合理即可。 （二） （2026·河北邢台·一模）The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month every year. While mooncakes are a must-have dessert, other delicious foods also play a big role in the celebration across China. In October, female crabs (雌蟹) have more meat and taste better. The tradition of eating crab began with Dayu, a flood control hero in ancient China. Once, Dayu heard of scary water animals. He said, “Ba Jie, dig a big hole and fill it with hot water. We will burn them to protect everyone.” Then the animals died in the hot water and gave off a pleasant smell. Ba Jie bravely became the first to taste them, and that’s how the crab became a popular dish. Salted duck is a local dish in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. While it can be enjoyed year-round, it is best during the Mid-Autumn Festival. In this season, the ducks are very fat. The sweet-smelling osmanthus flowers (桂花) are everywhere. When cooking the duck, people often add osmanthus flowers. The duck meat will take in the flowers’ sweet smell. In Yunnan, the Mulao people (仫佬族) have the same habit! How did the habit begin? Long ago, bad people came to their village. A family who sold sugar secretly planned to fight back. On the day of the Mid-Autumn Festival, the villagers fought together and drove the bad people away. The rest jumped into the river. Then, something magical happened—they became ducks. To celebrate, the Mulao people started cooking duck on this day. This tradition continues today. 1．Who is Dayu? 2．What became a popular dish after Ba Jie tasted it? 3．Where does the salted duck’s sweet smell come from? 4．Why do the Mulao people cook duck? 5．What is your favorite food for the Mid-Autumn Festival? Why do you like it? 【答案】1．He is a flood control hero in ancient China. 2．The crab. 3．Osmanthus flowers. 4．They cook duck to celebrate driving away the bad people from their village. 5．I like eating crabs during the Mid-Autumn Festival. They taste really good, especially the female crabs. It is also a tradition in my family to eat them together. 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国中秋节期间除了月饼以外的其他传统美食，包括螃蟹、南京盐水鸭以及云南仫佬族吃鸭肉的习俗，并叙述了这些饮食习惯背后的传说故事。 1．根据“…Dayu, a flood control hero in ancient China.”可知，大禹是中国古代的一位治水英雄。故填He is a flood control hero in ancient China. 2．根据“Ba Jie bravely became the first to taste them, and that’s how the crab became a popular dish.”可知，在八戒勇敢地品尝之后，螃蟹成了一道受欢迎的菜肴。故填The crab. 3．根据“When cooking the duck, people often add osmanthus flowers. The duck meat will take in the flowers’ sweet smell.”可知，盐水鸭的清香来自于桂花。故填Osmanthus flowers. 4．根据“…the villagers fought together and drove the bad people away…To celebrate, the Mulao people started cooking duck on this day.”可知，仫佬族人做鸭肉是为了庆祝赶走了村里的坏人。故填They cook duck to celebrate driving away the bad people from their village. 5．开放性问题。结合文中提到的中秋美食及个人喜好，给出合理的理由即可。故填I like eating crabs during the Mid-Autumn Festival. They taste really good, especially the female crabs. It is also a tradition in my family to eat them together. ◇考点 02 整合检索转述题 一、考查重点 核心考查“多对一”信息检索与整合转述，题干问题需要结合原文2-3个句子的关键信息，进行整合、归纳后，再规范转述，侧重信息整合与语言组织能力，是中考拉开分数差距的关键题型。 二、解题重难点突破 重点：掌握“多线索检索法”，找到原文中所有与题干相关的信息，提炼核心要点； 难点：避免信息遗漏或重复，学会用连接词（and、but、so）整合信息，同时保证转述语言简洁、逻辑连贯。 三、核心解题技巧 分析题干：明确题干要求整合的信息类型（如“做了什么事”“有哪些好处”），确定检索范围； 多线索检索：在原文中定位所有与题干相关的句子，标记每个句子的核心信息，避免遗漏； 整合信息：提炼各句子的核心要点，删除重复信息，用连接词（and、first、then）串联，形成完整逻辑； 规范转述：将整合后的信息进行同义替换，调整句式，确保语法正确、表达流畅，符合题干要求（如字数、句式）。 四、典例短文+题目解析（中考难度） 典例短文 Weekends are a good time for us to relax. On Saturday morning, I usually go to the library to read books. I can learn a lot of new knowledge from different kinds of books. In the afternoon, I help my mom do housework, such as cleaning the room and washing the dishes. It makes me understand my mom better. On Sunday, I often go hiking with my family. We enjoy the fresh air and beautiful scenery. It not only makes me healthy but also strengthens our family relationship. 题目1（整合检索转述：事件类） What does the writer usually do on weekends? （要求：整合所有活动，用完整句子回答，逻辑清晰） 解析： 1. 分析题干：要求整合作者周末的所有活动，检索范围为全文； 2. 多线索检索： - 周六上午：go to the library to read books； - 周六下午：help mom do housework（cleaning the room、washing the dishes）； - 周日：go hiking with family； 3. 整合信息：用“on Saturday morning、in the afternoon、on Sunday”梳理时间顺序，用“and、also”连接活动，删除重复信息； 4. 同义转述：“usually”→“often”，“help my mom do housework”→“help his mom with housework”，调整人称，确保逻辑连贯。 答案：On weekends, the writer often goes to the library to read books on Saturday morning, helps his mom do housework in the afternoon, and goes hiking with his family on Sunday. 题目2（整合检索转述：好处类） What benefits does the writer get from his weekend activities? （要求：整合所有好处，简洁规范） 解析： 1. 分析题干：要求整合周末活动带来的所有好处，检索范围为全文； 2. 多线索检索： - 读书：learn a lot of new knowledge； - 做家务：understand his mom better； - 徒步：make him healthy、strengthen family relationship； 3. 整合信息：用“not only...but also...”“and”连接好处，提炼核心，避免冗长； 4. 同义转述：“get benefits”→“gain benefits”，调整句式，确保表达简洁。 答案：He can learn new knowledge, understand his mom better, keep healthy and strengthen his family relationship. 易｜错｜提｜醒 1. 避免信息遗漏：必须检索全文，找到所有相关信息，不可只提取部分内容； 2. 避免信息重复：整合时删除重复表述（如“cleaning the room and washing the dishes”无需拆分单独转述）； 3. 逻辑连贯：用合适的连接词串联信息，避免句子碎片化。 （一） （2026·山西运城·一模）Chinese people have long shared the joy of travel through poems, like this one below by Li Bai: In the early morning, I left Baidi City that was covered with colorful clouds; A thousand li to Jiangling, I returned in a single day. The monkeys on both sides kept crying, while my small boat had passed ten thousand mountains. Travel has become a favorite activity for many people. Among all travel types, hiking and self-driving travel are the most popular. You can easily find such videos online. Hiking is a top choice for nature lovers. Online videos are full of helpful guides for hikers. These videos introduce beautiful routes (路线) like mountain roads or forest trails. They also tell hikers to take light bags with water, snacks and some necessary medicine. Wearing comfortable shoes and not walking alone in far places are also advised. Many travelers film their hiking trips, showing fresh air, singing birds and colorful flowers. These videos attract more people to enjoy nature on foot. Self-driving travel is also very popular, especially among families and friends. People drive their own cars to travel freely. Online videos often show the best part of self-driving travel: stopping to take photos at nice views or trying local food in small towns. Some videos even teach skills like preparing tools for difficult roads. When travelers share these videos online, many people like them, making self-driving travel more popular. Both hiking and self-driving travel help people relax and forget pressure. But we should learn some basic life skills and safety tips before leaving. Also, remember to keep safe while enjoying nature. After all, safety comes first! 1．Who is the writer of the poem in the beginning? 2．According to the online videos, what do hikers need to take? 3．Where should tourists avoid walking alone? 4．What is the best part of self-driving travel? 5．As a student, what do you think of travel? Why do you think so? 【答案】1．Li Bai. 2．Light bags with water, snacks and some necessary medicine. 3．In far places. 4．People can stop to take photos at nice views or try local food in small towns. 5．I think travel is meaningful. Travel can not only help us keep healthy but also help us learn something that we can’t gain in class./… 【导语】本文主要通过李白诗歌引出中国人对旅行的热爱，重点介绍了徒步旅行和自驾游两种受欢迎的旅行方式及其特点。 1．文章第一段第一句明确提到：“Chinese people have long shared the joy of travel through poems, like this one below by Li Bai”，说明开篇诗歌的作者是李白。 2．文章第三段提到：“These videos... tell hikers to take light bags with water, snacks and some necessary medicine.”，直接说明了徒步旅行者需要携带的物品。 3．文章第三段提到：“...not walking alone in far places are also advised.”，明确指出在偏远地方不建议独自步行。 4．文章第四段提到：“Online videos often show the best part of self-driving travel: stopping to take photos at nice views or trying local food in small towns.”，直接说明了自驾游最精彩的部分。 5．需要结合文章最后一段的内容（旅行帮助人们放松、忘记压力）以及自己的理解来回答。答案应包含个人观点（对旅行的看法）和理由支持。 （二）（2026·山东滨州·一模） In the northern dark sea, there is a fish, known as Kun (北冥有鱼，其名为鲲). Have you ever imagined the scene from an ancient tale by Zhuangzi? Recently, a natural wonder at the Yellow River Delta in Shandong, brings this famous line to life. On December 7, 2025, something wonderful happened. More than 240,000 Baikal teals (花脸鸭) gathered in the sky. Against the golden sunset, they flew together in a huge, ever changing group, sometimes like a huge whale, sometimes like a great bird spreading its wings. Seeing the scene, people were amazed and called it the real “Kunpeng” from Zhuangzi’s tale. Soon, the topic “Kunpeng in the northern sea is real” spread widely online. This amazing event is known as a “bird wave”. It is not magic, but a smart skill. Scientists say birds fly in such large groups mainly to save energy during long journeys and stay safe from enemies. By flying together, they help each other move more easily through the air. The appearance of the bird wave is also a sign of successful environmental protection. The Yellow River Delta Wetland was once poor land, but after years of people’s efforts like adding water and turning farmland back into wetland, it has now become an important home and rest stop for millions of migratory birds (候鸟). To protect the birds, local government advises visitors to keep at least 100 meters away, avoid using drones (无人机) nearby and never feed the birds. This event wonderfully connects ancient imagination with natural beauty and the achievements of modern environmental protection. Let’s enjoy the beauty of nature! 1．Where did the natural wonder appear? 2．How did people feel when they saw the “bird wave”? 3．Why do birds fly in large groups? 4．What should visitors do to protect the birds? 5．Why do more and more migratory birds come to the Yellow River Delta? 【答案】1．At the Yellow River Delta in Shandong. 2．They felt amazed. 3．To save energy during long journeys and stay safe from enemies. 4．They should keep at least 100 meters away, avoid using drones nearby and never feed the birds. 5．Because the Yellow River Delta Wetland has become an important home and rest stop for migratory birds after years of environmental protection efforts. 【解析】本文介绍了山东黄河三角洲出现的“鸟浪”自然奇观，将其与庄子《逍遥游》中的“鲲鹏”意象关联，分析了鸟类集群飞行的原因。 1．由“Recently, a natural wonder at the Yellow River Delta in Shandong, brings this famous line to life.”可知，该自然奇观出现在山东黄河三角洲。 2．由“Seeing the scene, people were amazed and called it the real ‘Kunpeng’ from Zhuangzi’s tale.”可知，人们看到“鸟浪”时感到惊讶。 3．由“Scientists say birds fly in such large groups mainly to save energy during long journeys and stay safe from enemies.”可知，鸟类成群飞行是为了节省长途迁徙的能量并躲避天敌。 4．由“To protect the birds, local government advises visitors to keep at least 100 meters away, avoid using drones nearby and never feed the birds.”可知，游客为保护鸟类需与鸟保持至少100米距离、避免使用无人机且绝不投喂。 5．由“The Yellow River Delta Wetland was once poor land, but after years of people’s efforts like adding water and turning farmland back into wetland, it has now become an important home and rest stop for millions of migratory birds.”可知，因多年环保努力，黄河三角洲湿地成为候鸟重要栖息地，因此越来越多候鸟前来。 ◇考点 03 逻辑检索转述题 一、考查重点 核心考查“逻辑推理+检索转述”，题干问题无法直接从原文找到答案，需要结合原文信息进行简单推理，再进行规范转述，侧重逻辑分析与语言表达的结合，是培优提分的重点题型。 二、解题重难点突破 重点：掌握“逻辑线索定位法”，找到原文中的逻辑词（because、but、so、however），结合上下文推理出隐含信息； 难点：避免过度推理（脱离原文依据），推理结果需贴合原文语境，同时保证转述规范、逻辑清晰。 三、核心解题技巧 圈画题干关键词：定位原文相关段落，重点关注逻辑词； 结合逻辑词，推导隐含信息（如因果逻辑推导原因/结果，转折逻辑推导真实观点）； 整合推理信息与原文直接信息，进行同义转述，确保推理有依据、表达有规范； 验证：将转述内容代入原文语境，检查是否符合逻辑，是否存在过度推理。 四、典例短文+题目解析（中考难度） 典例短文 Last term, Tom was a lazy student. He often didn’t finish his homework on time and failed his exams. His teacher talked to him many times and encouraged him to work hard. Tom felt sorry for his mistakes and decided to change. He started to get up early to study every morning and asked his teachers and classmates for help when he had problems. After three months, Tom’s grades improved a lot. He became a hard-working student and was praised by his teachers. 题目（逻辑检索转述：推理类） What can we know about Tom after three months? （要求：结合原文推理，用完整句子回答） 解析： 1. 圈画关键词：Tom、after three months； 2. 定位原文：重点关注句子“After three months, Tom’s grades improved a lot. He became a hard-working student and was praised by his teachers.”； 3. 逻辑推理：结合前文“Tom decided to change”，可推理出“Tom changed from lazy to hard-working”，再结合原文直接信息“grades improved、was praised”； 4. 同义转述：“improved a lot”→“made great progress”，“hard-working”→“diligent”，整合推理信息与直接信息，确保逻辑连贯。 答案：After three months, Tom made great progress in his grades, became a hard-working student and was praised by his teachers. 易｜错｜提｜醒 1. 推理必须有原文依据，不可主观脑补（如原文未提及“Tom喜欢学习”，不可推理出“Tom爱上了学习”）； 2. 转述时需区分“直接信息”与“推理信息”，优先保留原文直接信息，再补充合理推理； 3. 逻辑清晰：推理结果与原文语境一致，避免逻辑矛盾。 （一） （25-26九年级上·山东枣庄·期末）We already know that animals communicate with other animals and people. They say hello by making noises and moving parts of their bodies. For example, when two horses meet, they put their noses together. Chimpanzees touch hands to say hello. They also put their arms up to tell other chimpanzees that there is danger. Animals say a lot of other things too, but we don’t understand their language. However, the researchers from CETI (the Cetacean Translation Initiative) hope that one day in the future, we will understand what animals are saying. And, even more exciting, we will communicate with them! So how will this happen? Well, scientists are collecting thousands of videos, for example, of dogs’ noises and facial expressions. They will use AI (artificial intelligence) to learn how to translate these noises and expressions into a language that humans can understand. We will discover the emotions that animals are expressing and the messages that they are trying to give us. Of course, this will be fascinating, but will it help us in any way? Well, yes! We will know if our pets are sick, and we will know which part of their body is hurting. This means ___________. And that’s a very good thing! 1．How do animals say hello? 2．What do chimpanzees do when there is danger? 3．What do the researchers from CETI expect? 4．What will scientists use AI to learn according to paragraph 3? 5．Complete the sentence in paragraph 4 with proper words. 【答案】1．By making noises and moving parts of their bodies. 2．They put their arms up to tell others that there is danger. 3．We will understand what animals are saying and communicate with them. 4．How to translate animals’ noises and expressions into a language that humans can understand. 5．we will be able to treat them more successfully. 【解析】本文介绍了动物的交流方式，以及CETI研究团队希望通过AI理解动物语言并与之交流的计划及意义。 1．根据“They say hello by making noises and moving parts of their bodies”可知，动物通过发出声音、活动身体部位来打招呼。故填By making noises and moving parts of their bodies. 2．根据“Chimpanzees…also put their arms up to tell other chimpanzees that there is danger”可知，黑猩猩遇到危险时会举起手臂示警。故填They put their arms up to tell others that there is danger. 3．根据“the researchers from CETI…hope that one day…we will understand what animals are saying…we will communicate with them”可知，CETI的研究者期望未来能理解动物的语言并与它们交流。故填We will understand what animals are saying and communicate with them. 4．根据“They will use AI…to learn how to translate these noises and expressions into a language that humans can understand”可知，科学家用AI学习将动物的声音和表情翻译成人类能懂的语言。故填How to translate animals’ noises and expressions into a language that humans can understand. 5．根据前文“We will know if our pets are sick…which part of their body is hurting”，可推测此处是说能更成功地治疗宠物，故填we will be able to treat them more successfully. （二） （2026·山西长治·一模）Nowadays, typing or texting is taking the place of the strokes (笔画) of Chinese characters. For this reason, people are paying less attention to handwriting. As a result, they can’t even remember exactly how to write a given character sometimes. This is called “character amnesia (提笔忘字)”. To change the situation, the TV program named Chinese Character Dictation (听写) Competition came out. Meng Man, who teaches at Minzu University of China, took part in the competition as a judge. “I was surprised by some competitors because I couldn’t even remember how to write certain characters, but they could,” she said. “Now many adults have trouble writing Chinese characters. The program is really great, since it draws people’s attention to this problem. ” When typing or texting, most people use a system where they type out the pinyin of a character and then get a list of all possible Chinese characters. They just need to choose the one they want from the list. The bad thing about the system is that it stops people from thinking about how a Chinese character is formed. “Chinese characters are usually square. They teach people to be upright (正直的). Typing or texting will influence people’s understanding of the traditional culture behind the Chinese characters,”Meng said. To solve the problem of “character amnesia”, experts suggest that people change their mobile phone texting way from pinyin to handwriting. In this way, they can avoid forgetting how to write characters. 1．What problem do some people face according to Paragraph 1? 2．How does Meng Man like the TV program? 3．Why do most people forget how to write Chinese characters when typing? 4．What advice do experts give to deal with “character amnesia”? 5．Do you think it’s necessary for us to write Chinese characters? Why? 【答案】1．Some people face the problem of “character amnesia”. 2．Meng Man thinks the TV program is really great. 3．Because when typing, they only choose characters from a list without thinking about how they are formed. 4．Experts suggest that people change their mobile phone texting way from pinyin to handwriting. 5．I think it’s necessary for us to write Chinese characters. Because writing by hand helps us remember the characters’ strokes and structure, preventing “character amnesia”. 【解析】本文主要介绍了现代人由于过度依赖拼音输入法而导致的“提笔忘字”现象，以及一档旨在唤起人们对汉字书写重视的电视节目，并探讨了该现象的原因和专家建议的解决方法。 1．根据第一段“they can’t even remember exactly how to write a given character sometimes. This is called “character amnesia’”可知，人们面临的问题是偶尔会忘记如何书写特定汉字。 2．根据第二段孟曼的话“The program is really great, since it draws people’s attention to this problem.”可知，她认为这个节目很棒，因为它引起了人们对这个问题的关注。 3．根据第三段“The bad thing about the system is that it stops people from thinking about how a Chinese character is formed”可知，拼音输入法的弊端是阻止人们思考汉字的构成方式。 4．根据最后一段“experts suggest that people change their mobile phone texting way from pinyin to handwriting”可知，专家建议人们将手机输入方式从拼音改为手写。 5．这是一个开放性题目，但基于文章内容，孟曼提到汉字教人正直，承载传统文化。因此，从传承文化和避免遗忘的角度，书写汉字是有必要的。本题无固定答案，言之有理即可。 典｜例｜精｜析 典例3（2026·湖北·模拟预测）阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题。(请注意每小题的词数要求) Do you still remember me, Liangliang, an 11-year-old boy from a small village? My friends and I used to go on a ropeway to cross a big river to school. Thanks to our government and the nice people, the villagers’ dream has come true. There is a big and wide bridge over the river. And besides, the villagers have lived in the new buildings and have worked in factories in our village. As for me, with the love and encouragement from kind people, I had no fear on the way to my dream. Last year I graduated from a university. To follow the call of rural revitalization (乡村振兴), I chose to build my hometown as an engineer with some of my friends. In fact, with Chinese Dream, great changes have taken place everywhere in China in the last few years. China has also got many achievements such as 5G, high-speed railway, Beidou Navigation. Now our government is carrying out a lot of projects such as urban-rural integration (城乡融合), ecological tourism (生态旅游) to increase people’s income and improve the quality of their life. More and more people would like to return to their hometowns to do some meaningful things. “Where there are dreams, actions and unity, there is a way.” I believe Chinese will continue getting together and working hard to get more achievements in the near future. 1．Liangliang used to go to school . (不超过3词) 2．Fill in the blanks according to the passage. The village’ s changes The village has (不超过6 词) over the river now. The villagers have lived in the new buildings and worked in factories in our village. More and more people would like to return to their hometowns to do some meaningful things. Liangliang works as an (仅填1词) with some of his friends to build his hometown. 3．List two of China’s achievements mentioned in the passage: (列举2项，不超过6词) 4．What’s your understanding of the underlined (划线的) sentences? (结合自身实际，不超过20词) 【答案】1．by ropeway/on a ropeway 2． a big and wide bridge engineer 3．5G and high-speed railway. 4．We need to have dreams and take action and work together to reach our goals. 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了亮亮和他的村庄在中国政府支持下发生的巨大变化，包括基础设施建设、职业选择和国家成就。 1．根据“My friends and I used to go on a ropeway to cross a big river to school.”可知，亮亮过去的上学方式是通过滑索。故填by ropeway/on a ropeway。 2．①根据“There is a big and wide bridge over the river.”可知，河上有一座又大又宽的桥。故填a big and wide bridge。 ②根据“I chose to build my hometown as an engineer with some of my friends.”可知，亮亮选择的职业是工程师。故填engineer。 3．根据“China has also got many achievements such as 5G, high-speed railway, Beidou Navigation.”可知，包括5G和高铁。故填5G and high-speed railway. 4．根据“Where there are dreams, actions and unity, there is a way.”可知，此处可联系有目标、并能付诸行动即可。故填We need to have dreams and take action and work together to reach our goals. 方｜法｜提｜练 一、 解题核心逻辑 1. 语境优先，定位检索的“前后呼应” • 核心原则：信息检索与转述的答案90%以上都能在原文找到直接或间接线索，转述需立足原文语境，不主观脑补、不脱离文本。 • 操作方法： 1. 向前找：定位题干关键词对应的前一句，提取核心细节、逻辑关系或观点，作为转述的基础依据。 2. 向后找：重点看定位句后的补充说明、举例或总结句，整合完整信息，避免转述遗漏关键内容。 3. 全段找：关注原文中的“原词复现”“同义替换”或逻辑词（because、but、so），这是中考任务型阅读检索与转述最常见的考点。 • 示例：本文第3题 “What did the writer do on weekends?”，定位原文“On weekends, I often go to the library to read books and play basketball with friends.”，后文无补充信息，直接检索核心动作并转述，这就是典型的“原词复现+语境呼应”。 2. 语法辅助，确保转述的“规范准确” • 时态/人称判断： ◦ 时态需与原文一致：原文为一般过去时，转述必用过去时（如原文“visited”，转述用“visited”）；原文为一般现在时，转述用一般现在时，避免时态混乱。 ◦ 人称需与题干一致：题干问“the writer”，转述用“he/she”；题干问“they”，转述用“they”，避免人称混淆。 • 句式规范判断： ◦ 细节转述：优先用简单句（主谓宾/主系表），避免复杂从句，确保句子完整（如不可只写“Read books”，需补充主语“He reads books”）。 ◦ 概括转述：可适当用并列句（and、but连接），整合核心信息，避免句子碎片化（如用“The writer usually reads books and plays basketball on weekends.”整合两个动作）。 3. 转述验证，保证表达的“贴合要求” • 同义替换：积累常见同义短语（如like→enjoy、improve→make progress、very important→necessary），避免直接照搬原文长句（扣分点），确保转述自然。 • 逻辑匹配：确保转述内容符合原文逻辑，不改变原意、不遗漏关键信息，如原文“because it is interesting”，转述不可省略原因，需完整表达“because it is interesting”。 • 示例：原文“He usually goes to school by bike.”，题干要求转述为同义句，可转述为“He often rides a bike to school.”，既用同义替换（usually→often、goes by bike→rides a bike），又不改变原意，符合要求。 二、 实战解题步骤 1. 通读全文，标记检索线索 快速浏览全文（1-2分钟），不纠结生词，重点圈出：① 题干关键词（人名、地名、数字、时间、核心动词/名词）；② 逻辑词（because、but、so）；③ 核心细节（动作、结果、原因），建立“检索线索库”，为后续精准检索做准备。 2. 逐题分析，锁定检索依据 对每个题目，先明确题干要求（细节转述/概括转述），再精准定位原文： ◦ 第1题 “Why does Li Ming like English?”：结合语境，题干问原因，定位原文“My favorite subject is English because it is interesting and useful.”，锁定原因状语从句作为转述依据。 ◦ 第2题 “What does the writer do after school?”：定位原文“After school, I often do homework and help my mom do housework.”，锁定两个核心动作作为转述依据。 3. 规范转述，检查语法细节 结合检索到的依据，组织语言进行转述，重点检查： ◦ 时态/人称：与原文、题干保持一致，如原文用过去时，转述不可用现在时；题干问“the writer”，转述用“she”。 ◦ 同义替换：适当简化表达，避免照搬原文长句，如原文“On the first day, we visited the Great Wall and took many photos.”，转述为“We visited the Great Wall and took photos on the first day.”。 ◦ 句子完整：避免句子残缺，确保每个转述句都有主语、谓语，语义完整。 4. 代入验证，通读语义流畅性 将所有转述答案代入题干，结合全文语境通读一遍，确保： ◦ 转述内容与原文原意一致，无偏差、无遗漏、无添加。 ◦ 语法正确、表达流畅，无拼写错误、标点错误，符合题干要求（如字数、句式）。 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题18 任务型阅读：信息检索与转述 目 录 第一部分 考情精析 锁定靶心 高效备考 第二部分 重难考点深解 深度溯源 扫清盲区 【考点01】直接检索转述题 【考点02】整合检索转述题 【考点03】逻辑检索转述题 第三部分 解题思维优化 典例精析+方法提炼+变式巩固 核心考向聚焦 信息检索的精准度与转述的规范性是考查重点，在各地中考任务型阅读中频繁出现。同义替换、时态/人称转换、句式简化及语境适配也有涉及，但相对比重较小。 关键能力与思维瓶颈 关键能力：掌握题干关键词定位技巧（人名、地名、数字、核心动词），能快速从语篇中检索有效信息；熟练进行同义替换（如like→enjoy、improve→make progress），掌握时态、人称、句式的规范转换，能在不改变原意的前提下，简洁、准确地完成转述。需通过语篇实操突破。熟练区分直接检索与间接检索，掌握信息整合技巧，能结合多句原文信息，归纳概括后规范转述，清晰区分“原文直接信息”与“合理推理信息”。需强化语篇应用规则。 培优瓶颈：主要受中文思维干扰，转述时易出现时态混乱、人称混淆，或直接照搬原文长句导致扣分；同时，检索技巧掌握不熟练，定位关键词不精准，间接检索时易遗漏核心信息，规则记忆碎片化，在综合语篇中易失分。需强化语境适配与技巧建模记忆。 命题前瞻与备考策略 预测：2026年中考中，将在真实语境语篇（校园生活、环保、科技、文化传承）中，灵活考查信息检索的精准度与转述的规范性。将更注重真实情境下的应用，侧重间接检索与整合转述，强调同义替换的自然性和句式转换的规范性，弱化机械记忆，强化语篇逻辑适配。同义替换、时态转换及信息整合将成为高频考查点，部分地区会结合图表类语篇，考查检索与转述的综合应用。 策略：备考应放弃对孤立技巧的死记硬背，转向 “技巧建模”与“语篇应用” 。重点训练： 1. 紧扣中考真题，建立信息检索与转述错题本（检索偏差、转述错误、时态/人称错误），强化在任务型阅读语篇中精准检索、规范转述的能力。 2. 熟记中考高频同义短语、时态转换规则及句式简化技巧，专项练习直接转述、整合转述、同义转述等高频应用题型，并与图表描述类任务型阅读结合训练，提升综合应用能力。 ◇考点 01 直接检索转述题 一、考查重点 核心考查“一对一”信息检索与转述，题干问题明确，关键信息在原文中可直接找到，无需整合多句信息，只需进行简单的同义替换或句式转换（如主动变被动、人称转换、时态统一），侧重基础语言应用能力。 二、解题重难点突破 重点：掌握“题干关键词定位法”，快速锁定原文对应句子，精准提取核心信息； 难点：避免“直接照搬原文”（扣分点），学会简单的同义替换（如动词、形容词替换），同时保证时态、人称、单复数与题干一致。 三、核心解题技巧 圈画题干关键词：优先圈出专有名词（人名、地名）、数字、时间、核心动词/名词，明确检索方向； 原文快速检索：根据关键词，在原文中定位对应句子，标记核心信息（如动作、结果、原因）； 规范转述：将原文核心信息进行同义替换（如“like”→“enjoy”，“very important”→“necessary”），调整句式（如原文陈述句，题干要求疑问句则转换句式）； 检查验证：核对时态、人称、单复数是否正确，确保表达简洁、无语法错误。 四、典例短文+题目解析（中考难度） 典例短文 My name is Li Ming. I am a 14-year-old student from No. 1 Middle School. I usually get up at 6:30 every morning. After getting up, I brush my teeth and wash my face. Then I have breakfast with my parents. I go to school at 7:40 by bike. My favorite subject is English because it is interesting and useful. After school, I often play basketball with my friends for an hour. 题目1（直接检索转述：时间类） What time does Li Ming usually get up every morning? （要求：用完整句子回答，不得照搬原文） 解析： 1. 圈画关键词：Li Ming、get up、every morning； 2. 检索原文：定位句子“I usually get up at 6:30 every morning.”； 3. 同义转述：“usually”可替换为“often”，调整句式（题干为特殊疑问句，回答用陈述句），避免照搬； 4. 检查：时态（一般现在时）、人称（Li Ming→He）一致，表达完整。 答案：Li Ming often gets up at 6:30 every morning. / He usually gets up at 6:30 every morning. 题目2（直接检索转述：原因类） Why does Li Ming like English? （要求：用完整句子回答，简洁规范） 解析： 1. 圈画关键词：Why、Li Ming、like English； 2. 检索原文：定位句子“My favorite subject is English because it is interesting and useful.”； 3. 同义转述：“favorite subject is English”简化为“likes English”，保留原因状语从句，无需额外添加信息； 4. 检查：原因逻辑清晰，语法正确，无冗余。 答案：Because it is interesting and useful. 易｜错｜提｜醒 1. 禁止直接照搬原文句子，即使信息正确，也会酌情扣分； 2. 注意人称转换：题干用“he/she”，回答需对应原文人物性别，避免人称混淆； 3. 时态统一：原文为一般现在时，回答不可用过去时，反之亦然。 （一） （2026·陕西西安·二模）Shan Hai Jing is a famous ancient Chinese book that records many magical animals and strange lands. Among all these amazing creatures, Jiliang is one of the most beloved. It is a magical horse with a special appearance and deep meanings. According to Shan Hai Jing, Jiliang lives in a remote mountain area. It has a pure white body, shiny fur and a gentle look. Unlike ordinary horses, it runs much faster and can travel hundreds of miles in one day without getting tired. What makes Jiliang special is not only its speed, but also its ability to bring good luck to people who meet it. In ancient times, people believed Jiliang was a lucky symbol. Those who saw it would have a long life, and their family would be blessed with peace. Jiliang is kind and never hurts anyone. It often helps lost travelers and is respected by local people for its kindness. Although Jiliang is not a real animal, it has become an important part of traditional Chinese culture. It shows people’s hope for a happy life. Today, we can read stories about Jiliang in books, and learning about it helps us understand more about ancient people’s wishes. Jiliang is more than a magical horse; it is a symbol of kindness and hope. It reminds us to keep a kind heart. This magical creature truly warms people’s hearts. Many stories about Jiliang are still told today. We should remember Jiliang and pass down the culture it carries, because it helps us know more about traditional Chinese culture and the wisdom of ancient people. 1．Which English word means “生物” in paragraph 1? It’s “ ”. 2．What does Jiliang look like according to the passage? It . 3．Why was Jiliang considered a lucky symbol in ancient times? Because seeing Jiliang and family peace. 4．Why should we pass down the culture that Jiliang carries? Because it helps us know more about and the wisdom of ancient people. 5．Create a proper title with the key words “Jiliang” and “symbol” in no more than 8 words. . （二） （2026·河北邢台·一模）The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month every year. While mooncakes are a must-have dessert, other delicious foods also play a big role in the celebration across China. In October, female crabs (雌蟹) have more meat and taste better. The tradition of eating crab began with Dayu, a flood control hero in ancient China. Once, Dayu heard of scary water animals. He said, “Ba Jie, dig a big hole and fill it with hot water. We will burn them to protect everyone.” Then the animals died in the hot water and gave off a pleasant smell. Ba Jie bravely became the first to taste them, and that’s how the crab became a popular dish. Salted duck is a local dish in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. While it can be enjoyed year-round, it is best during the Mid-Autumn Festival. In this season, the ducks are very fat. The sweet-smelling osmanthus flowers (桂花) are everywhere. When cooking the duck, people often add osmanthus flowers. The duck meat will take in the flowers’ sweet smell. In Yunnan, the Mulao people (仫佬族) have the same habit! How did the habit begin? Long ago, bad people came to their village. A family who sold sugar secretly planned to fight back. On the day of the Mid-Autumn Festival, the villagers fought together and drove the bad people away. The rest jumped into the river. Then, something magical happened—they became ducks. To celebrate, the Mulao people started cooking duck on this day. This tradition continues today. 1．Who is Dayu? 2．What became a popular dish after Ba Jie tasted it? 3．Where does the salted duck’s sweet smell come from? 4．Why do the Mulao people cook duck? 5．What is your favorite food for the Mid-Autumn Festival? Why do you like it? ◇考点 02 整合检索转述题 一、考查重点 核心考查“多对一”信息检索与整合转述，题干问题需要结合原文2-3个句子的关键信息，进行整合、归纳后，再规范转述，侧重信息整合与语言组织能力，是中考拉开分数差距的关键题型。 二、解题重难点突破 重点：掌握“多线索检索法”，找到原文中所有与题干相关的信息，提炼核心要点； 难点：避免信息遗漏或重复，学会用连接词（and、but、so）整合信息，同时保证转述语言简洁、逻辑连贯。 三、核心解题技巧 分析题干：明确题干要求整合的信息类型（如“做了什么事”“有哪些好处”），确定检索范围； 多线索检索：在原文中定位所有与题干相关的句子，标记每个句子的核心信息，避免遗漏； 整合信息：提炼各句子的核心要点，删除重复信息，用连接词（and、first、then）串联，形成完整逻辑； 规范转述：将整合后的信息进行同义替换，调整句式，确保语法正确、表达流畅，符合题干要求（如字数、句式）。 四、典例短文+题目解析（中考难度） 典例短文 Weekends are a good time for us to relax. On Saturday morning, I usually go to the library to read books. I can learn a lot of new knowledge from different kinds of books. In the afternoon, I help my mom do housework, such as cleaning the room and washing the dishes. It makes me understand my mom better. On Sunday, I often go hiking with my family. We enjoy the fresh air and beautiful scenery. It not only makes me healthy but also strengthens our family relationship. 题目1（整合检索转述：事件类） What does the writer usually do on weekends? （要求：整合所有活动，用完整句子回答，逻辑清晰） 解析： 1. 分析题干：要求整合作者周末的所有活动，检索范围为全文； 2. 多线索检索： - 周六上午：go to the library to read books； - 周六下午：help mom do housework（cleaning the room、washing the dishes）； - 周日：go hiking with family； 3. 整合信息：用“on Saturday morning、in the afternoon、on Sunday”梳理时间顺序，用“and、also”连接活动，删除重复信息； 4. 同义转述：“usually”→“often”，“help my mom do housework”→“help his mom with housework”，调整人称，确保逻辑连贯。 答案：On weekends, the writer often goes to the library to read books on Saturday morning, helps his mom do housework in the afternoon, and goes hiking with his family on Sunday. 题目2（整合检索转述：好处类） What benefits does the writer get from his weekend activities? （要求：整合所有好处，简洁规范） 解析： 1. 分析题干：要求整合周末活动带来的所有好处，检索范围为全文； 2. 多线索检索： - 读书：learn a lot of new knowledge； - 做家务：understand his mom better； - 徒步：make him healthy、strengthen family relationship； 3. 整合信息：用“not only...but also...”“and”连接好处，提炼核心，避免冗长； 4. 同义转述：“get benefits”→“gain benefits”，调整句式，确保表达简洁。 答案：He can learn new knowledge, understand his mom better, keep healthy and strengthen his family relationship. 易｜错｜提｜醒 1. 避免信息遗漏：必须检索全文，找到所有相关信息，不可只提取部分内容； 2. 避免信息重复：整合时删除重复表述（如“cleaning the room and washing the dishes”无需拆分单独转述）； 3. 逻辑连贯：用合适的连接词串联信息，避免句子碎片化。 （一） （2026·山西运城·一模）Chinese people have long shared the joy of travel through poems, like this one below by Li Bai: In the early morning, I left Baidi City that was covered with colorful clouds; A thousand li to Jiangling, I returned in a single day. The monkeys on both sides kept crying, while my small boat had passed ten thousand mountains. Travel has become a favorite activity for many people. Among all travel types, hiking and self-driving travel are the most popular. You can easily find such videos online. Hiking is a top choice for nature lovers. Online videos are full of helpful guides for hikers. These videos introduce beautiful routes (路线) like mountain roads or forest trails. They also tell hikers to take light bags with water, snacks and some necessary medicine. Wearing comfortable shoes and not walking alone in far places are also advised. Many travelers film their hiking trips, showing fresh air, singing birds and colorful flowers. These videos attract more people to enjoy nature on foot. Self-driving travel is also very popular, especially among families and friends. People drive their own cars to travel freely. Online videos often show the best part of self-driving travel: stopping to take photos at nice views or trying local food in small towns. Some videos even teach skills like preparing tools for difficult roads. When travelers share these videos online, many people like them, making self-driving travel more popular. Both hiking and self-driving travel help people relax and forget pressure. But we should learn some basic life skills and safety tips before leaving. Also, remember to keep safe while enjoying nature. After all, safety comes first! 1．Who is the writer of the poem in the beginning? 2．According to the online videos, what do hikers need to take? 3．Where should tourists avoid walking alone? 4．What is the best part of self-driving travel? 5．As a student, what do you think of travel? Why do you think so? （二）（2026·山东滨州·一模） In the northern dark sea, there is a fish, known as Kun (北冥有鱼，其名为鲲). Have you ever imagined the scene from an ancient tale by Zhuangzi? Recently, a natural wonder at the Yellow River Delta in Shandong, brings this famous line to life. On December 7, 2025, something wonderful happened. More than 240,000 Baikal teals (花脸鸭) gathered in the sky. Against the golden sunset, they flew together in a huge, ever changing group, sometimes like a huge whale, sometimes like a great bird spreading its wings. Seeing the scene, people were amazed and called it the real “Kunpeng” from Zhuangzi’s tale. Soon, the topic “Kunpeng in the northern sea is real” spread widely online. This amazing event is known as a “bird wave”. It is not magic, but a smart skill. Scientists say birds fly in such large groups mainly to save energy during long journeys and stay safe from enemies. By flying together, they help each other move more easily through the air. The appearance of the bird wave is also a sign of successful environmental protection. The Yellow River Delta Wetland was once poor land, but after years of people’s efforts like adding water and turning farmland back into wetland, it has now become an important home and rest stop for millions of migratory birds (候鸟). To protect the birds, local government advises visitors to keep at least 100 meters away, avoid using drones (无人机) nearby and never feed the birds. This event wonderfully connects ancient imagination with natural beauty and the achievements of modern environmental protection. Let’s enjoy the beauty of nature! 1．Where did the natural wonder appear? 2．How did people feel when they saw the “bird wave”? 3．Why do birds fly in large groups? 4．What should visitors do to protect the birds? 5．Why do more and more migratory birds come to the Yellow River Delta? ◇考点 03 逻辑检索转述题 一、考查重点 核心考查“逻辑推理+检索转述”，题干问题无法直接从原文找到答案，需要结合原文信息进行简单推理，再进行规范转述，侧重逻辑分析与语言表达的结合，是培优提分的重点题型。 二、解题重难点突破 重点：掌握“逻辑线索定位法”，找到原文中的逻辑词（because、but、so、however），结合上下文推理出隐含信息； 难点：避免过度推理（脱离原文依据），推理结果需贴合原文语境，同时保证转述规范、逻辑清晰。 三、核心解题技巧 圈画题干关键词：定位原文相关段落，重点关注逻辑词； 结合逻辑词，推导隐含信息（如因果逻辑推导原因/结果，转折逻辑推导真实观点）； 整合推理信息与原文直接信息，进行同义转述，确保推理有依据、表达有规范； 验证：将转述内容代入原文语境，检查是否符合逻辑，是否存在过度推理。 四、典例短文+题目解析（中考难度） 典例短文 Last term, Tom was a lazy student. He often didn’t finish his homework on time and failed his exams. His teacher talked to him many times and encouraged him to work hard. Tom felt sorry for his mistakes and decided to change. He started to get up early to study every morning and asked his teachers and classmates for help when he had problems. After three months, Tom’s grades improved a lot. He became a hard-working student and was praised by his teachers. 题目（逻辑检索转述：推理类） What can we know about Tom after three months? （要求：结合原文推理，用完整句子回答） 解析： 1. 圈画关键词：Tom、after three months； 2. 定位原文：重点关注句子“After three months, Tom’s grades improved a lot. He became a hard-working student and was praised by his teachers.”； 3. 逻辑推理：结合前文“Tom decided to change”，可推理出“Tom changed from lazy to hard-working”，再结合原文直接信息“grades improved、was praised”； 4. 同义转述：“improved a lot”→“made great progress”，“hard-working”→“diligent”，整合推理信息与直接信息，确保逻辑连贯。 答案：After three months, Tom made great progress in his grades, became a hard-working student and was praised by his teachers. 易｜错｜提｜醒 1. 推理必须有原文依据，不可主观脑补（如原文未提及“Tom喜欢学习”，不可推理出“Tom爱上了学习”）； 2. 转述时需区分“直接信息”与“推理信息”，优先保留原文直接信息，再补充合理推理； 3. 逻辑清晰：推理结果与原文语境一致，避免逻辑矛盾。 （一） （25-26九年级上·山东枣庄·期末）We already know that animals communicate with other animals and people. They say hello by making noises and moving parts of their bodies. For example, when two horses meet, they put their noses together. Chimpanzees touch hands to say hello. They also put their arms up to tell other chimpanzees that there is danger. Animals say a lot of other things too, but we don’t understand their language. However, the researchers from CETI (the Cetacean Translation Initiative) hope that one day in the future, we will understand what animals are saying. And, even more exciting, we will communicate with them! So how will this happen? Well, scientists are collecting thousands of videos, for example, of dogs’ noises and facial expressions. They will use AI (artificial intelligence) to learn how to translate these noises and expressions into a language that humans can understand. We will discover the emotions that animals are expressing and the messages that they are trying to give us. Of course, this will be fascinating, but will it help us in any way? Well, yes! We will know if our pets are sick, and we will know which part of their body is hurting. This means ___________. And that’s a very good thing! 1．How do animals say hello? 2．What do chimpanzees do when there is danger? 3．What do the researchers from CETI expect? 4．What will scientists use AI to learn according to paragraph 3? 5．Complete the sentence in paragraph 4 with proper words. （二） （2026·山西长治·一模）Nowadays, typing or texting is taking the place of the strokes (笔画) of Chinese characters. For this reason, people are paying less attention to handwriting. As a result, they can’t even remember exactly how to write a given character sometimes. This is called “character amnesia (提笔忘字)”. To change the situation, the TV program named Chinese Character Dictation (听写) Competition came out. Meng Man, who teaches at Minzu University of China, took part in the competition as a judge. “I was surprised by some competitors because I couldn’t even remember how to write certain characters, but they could,” she said. “Now many adults have trouble writing Chinese characters. The program is really great, since it draws people’s attention to this problem. ” When typing or texting, most people use a system where they type out the pinyin of a character and then get a list of all possible Chinese characters. They just need to choose the one they want from the list. The bad thing about the system is that it stops people from thinking about how a Chinese character is formed. “Chinese characters are usually square. They teach people to be upright (正直的). Typing or texting will influence people’s understanding of the traditional culture behind the Chinese characters,”Meng said. To solve the problem of “character amnesia”, experts suggest that people change their mobile phone texting way from pinyin to handwriting. In this way, they can avoid forgetting how to write characters. 1．What problem do some people face according to Paragraph 1? 2．How does Meng Man like the TV program? 3．Why do most people forget how to write Chinese characters when typing? 4．What advice do experts give to deal with “character amnesia”? 5．Do you think it’s necessary for us to write Chinese characters? Why? 典｜例｜精｜析 典例3（2026·湖北·模拟预测）阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题。(请注意每小题的词数要求) Do you still remember me, Liangliang, an 11-year-old boy from a small village? My friends and I used to go on a ropeway to cross a big river to school. Thanks to our government and the nice people, the villagers’ dream has come true. There is a big and wide bridge over the river. And besides, the villagers have lived in the new buildings and have worked in factories in our village. As for me, with the love and encouragement from kind people, I had no fear on the way to my dream. Last year I graduated from a university. To follow the call of rural revitalization (乡村振兴), I chose to build my hometown as an engineer with some of my friends. In fact, with Chinese Dream, great changes have taken place everywhere in China in the last few years. China has also got many achievements such as 5G, high-speed railway, Beidou Navigation. Now our government is carrying out a lot of projects such as urban-rural integration (城乡融合), ecological tourism (生态旅游) to increase people’s income and improve the quality of their life. More and more people would like to return to their hometowns to do some meaningful things. “Where there are dreams, actions and unity, there is a way.” I believe Chinese will continue getting together and working hard to get more achievements in the near future. 1．Liangliang used to go to school . (不超过3词) 2．Fill in the blanks according to the passage. The village’ s changes The village has (不超过6 词) over the river now. The villagers have lived in the new buildings and worked in factories in our village. More and more people would like to return to their hometowns to do some meaningful things. Liangliang works as an (仅填1词) with some of his friends to build his hometown. 3．List two of China’s achievements mentioned in the passage: (列举2项，不超过6词) 4．What’s your understanding of the underlined (划线的) sentences? (结合自身实际，不超过20词) 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $