Unit 5 Learning from nature 单元语法（非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语）练习-2025-2026学年高二英语外研版选择性必修第三册

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 5 Learning from nature 非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语 一、单句语法填空 1．It took him the whole afternoon (fix) the car. 【答案】to fix 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他花了整个下午来修车。句中使用固定句型“It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.”，表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语。故填to fix。 2．After the heated argument, it took him a while (calm) down. 【答案】to calm 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：激烈的争论过后，他花了一段时间才平静下来。“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”的固定句型，意为“做某事花了某人一些时间”，it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填to calm。 3． (control) the air pollution is necessary. 【答案】To control/Controlling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：控制空气污染是必要的。此处作主语，可用不定式表将要，或动名词形式表一般性动作，首字母大写。故填To control/Controlling。 4．She longed (be) her own master and be able to help others. 【答案】to be 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她渴望能够自主行事，并且能够帮助他人。短语long to do sth.表示“渴望做某事”。故填to be。 5．We tend (meet) up for lunch once a week. 【答案】to meet 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我们倾向于每周一次聚在一起吃午饭。tend to do sth. 是固定用法，意为“倾向于做某事”，故填to meet。 6．I planted some seeds in the yard in the spring. But they failed (come) up. 【答案】to come 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：春天我在院子里种了一些种子。但它们没能长出来。根据空前动词failed可知，空处需用动词不定式作宾语，fail to do sth.“未能做某事”，固定搭配。故填to come。 7．The help you give to others will be paid back, so never hesitate (offer) a helping hand whenever someone needs help. 【答案】to offer 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你对别人的帮助会得到回报，所以当有人需要帮助时，不要犹豫伸出援手。hesitate to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“犹豫做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式形式作宾语。故填to offer。 8．His main goal is (set) up his own company after graduation. 【答案】to set 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的主要目标是毕业后创办自己的公司。系动词is后接不定式作表语，表主语的具体目标和将要发生的动作，应用动词不定式。故填to set。 9．What he hopes to do is (visit) the Great Wall next month. 【答案】to visit 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他希望做的事是下个月去游览长城。此处作表语，表示将要发生的动作，应用动词不定式。故填to visit。 10．My job is (take) care of the elderly in the community center. 【答案】to take 【详解】考查动词不定式作表语。句意：我的工作是在社区中心照顾老年人。此句中is后需用动词不定式作表语，用来解释说明主语job的具体内容。故填to take。 11．Her main aim is (promote) traditional art among young people. 【答案】to promote 【详解】考查不定式作表语。句意：她的主要目标是向年轻人推广传统艺术。说明主语的aim的内容用不定式作表语，故填to promote。 12．To deal with the plastic pollution, the best approach is not (ban) plastics, but to manage them more carefully. 【答案】to ban 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了应对塑料污染，最好的方法不是禁止塑料，而是更仔细地管理它们。本空在句中作表语，表示具体的动作，用ban“禁止”的不定式形式，否定形式是在不定式前加not。故填to ban。 13．The ultimate goal of the research project is (explore) new energy sources that are environmentally friendly and sustainable. 【答案】to explore 【详解】本题考查不定式。句意：这个研究项目的最终目标是探索对环境友好和可持续发展的新能源。主语“goal”是表目标的名词，表语需用不定式“to explore”明确目标的具体内容。故填to explore。 14． (punish) for his mistakes made him sad and disappointed. 【答案】Being punished 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因他的错误而受罚让他感到难过和失望。此处需要用动名词形式作主语。根据句意，他是“被惩罚”，所以要用动名词的被动式 being punished。句首单词首字母大写，故填Being punished。 15．In order to better develop as well as preserve this place, (limit) human impact on Xixi wetland was considered by the park designer. 【答案】limiting 【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：为了更好地开发和保护这个地方，公园设计者考虑限制人类对西溪湿地的影响。分析句子结构，was considered是谓语，句子缺少主语，limit是动词，需变为动名词limiting作主语。故填limiting。 16． (travel) abroad independently can give young people valuable life experience. 【答案】Traveling 【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：独自出国旅行能给年轻人宝贵的生活经验。动名词短语Traveling abroad independently在句中作主语，表示一般性的、抽象的行为。首字母大写。故填Traveling。 17． (find) a good and well-paid job is the final goal for some graduates. 【答案】Finding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于一些毕业生来说，找到一份待遇优厚的好工作是他们的最终目标。is为本句话的谓语动词，空处用动名词作主语，首字母大写。故填Finding。 18．If you have to use a car, (share) trips with others is far cheaper and better for the environment. 【答案】sharing 【详解】考查非谓语动词作主语。句意：如果你必须开车，和他人拼车要便宜得多，对环境也更友好。句中需用动词share的动名词形式sharing充当主语，表示一般性动作。故填sharing。 19．Playing go (give) Turkish players a chance to experience a different worldview, and it also helps them develop skills like strategic thinking and patience. 【答案】gives 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：下围棋让土耳其选手有机会体验一种不同的世界观，同时也有助于他们培养战略思维和耐心等技能。此处为谓语动词，结合下文的helps可推断，描述一般事实用一般现在时；主语Playing go为动名词短语，视为单数，所以谓语动词为第三人称单数gives。故填gives。 20．If you have to use a car, (share) trips with others is far cheaper and better for the environment. 【答案】sharing 【详解】考查动名词。句意：如果你必须用车，与他人拼车出行要便宜得多，也更环保。设空处在句中作主语，应使用动名词，表示一般性动作。故填sharing。 21．After (pack) our luggage carefully, we checked in at the airport and boarded our flight to Tokyo, which was scheduled to depart at 9 a.m. 【答案】packing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在仔细整理好行李后，我们办理了登机手续，登上了飞往东京的航班。该航班定于上午9点起飞。作介词after的宾语，用动名词形式。故填packing。 22．It would be suicidal to risk (go) out in this weather. 【答案】going 【详解】考查非谓语动词。 句意：在这种天气冒险出去无异于自寻死路。 risk后接动名词作宾语，即risk doing sth.（冒险做某事），go的动名词形式是going。 故填going。 23．Now we focus more on finding the best way to solve problems by (cooperate) with one another. 【答案】cooperating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在我们更注重通过相互合作找到解决问题的最佳方法。by为介词，后接动名词形式，cooperate的动名词为cooperating意为“合作”。故填cooperating。 24．The best approach to (learn) English is to read widely. 【答案】learning 【详解】考查动名词。句意：学习英语最好的方法是广泛阅读。the approach to doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事的方法”，to是介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填learning。 25．Every day it reminds her that she should spend some time (find) the beauty hidden in people and gifts. 【答案】finding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每天它都会提醒她，自己应该花些时间去发现人们身上的美好品质以及所拥有的珍贵礼物。短语spend time doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，用动名词作宾语。故填finding。 26．The best of a Kilimanjaro experience, in my opinion, isn’t (reach) the top. 【答案】reaching 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我看来，攀登乞力马扎罗山之旅最棒的部分并非登顶本身。空处作表语，且“登顶”描述的应该是一般的情况，非具体的、未来的动作，因此用reach“到达”的动名词形式。故填reaching。 27．The so-called Mint Mambo Style is simply (dress) in shades of fresh green. 【答案】dressing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所谓的薄荷曼波风格，只不过是穿着各种清新绿色调的衣服。is为系动词，后面需用动名词dressing作表语，构成“主系表”结构，说明Mint Mambo Style的具体内容。故填dressing。 28．What matters in effective communication is (interpret) body language accurately. 【答案】interpreting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在有效的沟通中，重要的是准确地解读肢体语言。空处作表语，说明主语的内容或性质，需用动名词形式interpreting。故填interpreting。 29．What he enjoys most is (play) basketball with his friends after school. 【答案】playing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他最喜欢做的事，就是放学后和朋友们一起打篮球。设空处在系动词is后，在句中作表语，应用动名词表习惯性动作。故填 playing。 30． (analyse) the medical texts again made Tu Youyou find a different way to treat the wormwood. 【答案】Analysing 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：再次分析医学文献让屠呦呦找到了一种处理青蒿的不同方法。根据句子结构可知，“________the medical texts again”为句子的主语，谓语动词为made，此处需要用动名词短语作句子的主语，analyse的动名词形式为analysing，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Analysing。    31． (associate) their study with practice can assist them in getting a better command of their knowledge. 【答案】Associating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：把学习与实践联系起来可以帮助他们更好地掌握知识。空处作主语，表抽象行为，用动名词，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Associating。 32．But (spend) too much time online is unhealthy. Then, it is very difficult to focus on other things in life. 【答案】spending 【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：但是花太多时间上网是不健康的。而且，很难专注于生活中的其他事情。动名词spending作主语。故填spending。 33．What astonished me was that he delayed (take) immediate action and missed a precious chance. 【答案】taking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：使我吃惊的是，他迟迟没有立即采取行动，错过了一个宝贵的机会。take action“采取行动”。delay doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“延迟做某事”，本空用动名词形式，作delay的宾语。故填taking。 34．It is a waste of time (play) computer games all day long. 【答案】playing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：整天玩电脑游戏是浪费时间的行为。“It is a waste of time doing sth.” 为固定搭配，it 作形式主语，真正主语是动名词短语 playing computer games all day long。故填playing。 35．She enjoys (listen) to classical music while she is doing housework. 【答案】listening 【详解】考查动名词。句意：她喜欢在做家务时听古典音乐。enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，固定搭配，所以空处需用动名词listening作宾语。故填listening。 36．He admitted (praise) by the headmaster for his excellent performance in the competition. 【答案】being praised 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他承认自己因在比赛中的出色表现而受到了校长的表扬。固定搭配admit doing sth. 表示“承认做某事”，本句中he和praise是被动关系，因此用动名词的被动形式being praised。故填being praised。 37．Her duty now is washing, (clean) and taking care of the children. 【答案】cleaning 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她现在的职责是洗衣服，打扫卫生和照顾孩子。此空用动名词作表语来解释主语her duty“她的职责”的内容，且和动名词washing以及taking构成并列的表语。故填cleaning。 38．Her job is (answer) emails every day. 【答案】answering/to answer 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的工作是每天回复邮件。空格处填入表语部分，结合主语“Her job(她的工作)”可知，可以使用动名词形式作表语，表示工作的内容；也可以使用动词不定式表示一次性的工作。故填answering/to answer。 39．Her ambition is (become) part of the national team for the next Olympic Games. 【答案】to become 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的志向是成为下届奥运会国家队的一员。本空位于is后，作表语，表示一个明确的目标，用become“成为”的不定式。故填to become。 40．My idea is (climb) the mountain from the north. 【答案】to climb 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的想法是从北面爬山。idea是主语，is是系动词，后面需要用不定式作表语，表示具体的、将要发生的动作。故填to climb。 二、完成句子 41． to be invited to give a speech at your school. 受邀在贵校发表演讲，我感到十分荣幸。 【答案】It is an honour 【详解】考查固定句型。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要填“感到十分荣幸”对应的英文表达，可以用固定句型It is an honour (for sb.) to do sth.，表示“（某人）做某事感到十分荣幸”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式，符合语境。故填It is an honour。 42．We don’t want to because of under insurance. 我们不想冒因投保不足而造成损失的风险。 【答案】take the risk of losing money 【详解】考查短语。表示“冒险”短语为take the risk of doing sth.；表示“造成损失”用动名词短语losing money。且上文为want to do sth.。故填take the risk of losing money。 43．Some students find it not easy . 一些学生发现理解英语语法不容易。 【答案】to understand English grammar 【详解】考查不定式。“find it + adj. + to do sth.”是固定句型，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语。“理解”是understand，“英语语法”是English grammar。故填to understand English grammar。 44．She kindly offered to during my stay in the hospital last month. 上个月，她善意地提出在我住院期间陪伴我。 【答案】 keep me company 【详解】考查固定短语。根据英汉意思对比可知，此处应填“陪伴我”；“陪伴”用动词短语“keep sb. company”，且offer to do是固定搭配，此处动词keep用原形；“我”用代词的宾格me。故填①keep ②me ③company。 45．他的愿望就是上一所重点大学。 His wish . 【答案】is to go to a key college 【详解】考查动词不定式。根据句意，“就是上一所重点大学”在句中作表语，表达愿望的具体内容。“上一所重点大学”可译为go to a key college，此处用动词不定式to go to a key college作表语，说明主语“His wish”的具体内容且有将来含义，句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语“His wish”是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is to go to a key college。 46．The only correct way is to . 唯一正确的办法是走群众路线。 【答案】follow the mass line 【详解】考查固定短语及不定式结构。表示“走群众路线”应用动词短语follow the mass line，主语为way，句中is为系动词，后接不定式短语to do sth.作表语。故填follow the mass line。 47．花费太多时间上网有损身心健康。 is unhealthy for your mental and physical health. 【答案】Spending too much time online 【详解】考查固定短语和动名词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“花费太多时间上网”，“花费太多时间”是固定短语spend too much time，空格处用动名词作主语，“上网”是online，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Spending too much time online。 48．在公园上美术课给了我一种新奇的体验，教会我从不同的角度看世界。 and taught me to look at the world from a different perspective. 【答案】Taking an art class in a park gave me a novel experience 【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词时态。“上……课”用take...class，“美术课”是art class，“在公园”是in a park，整个动词短语作主语，需用动名词形式taking an art class in a park。“给某人某物”是give sb. sth.，根据taught可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，give的过去式为gave，“新奇的体验”是a novel experience。句首单词首字母大写。故填Taking an art class in a park gave me a novel experience。 49． , he’s useless. 一涉及做事，他便不中用了。 【答案】When it comes to getting things done 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“一涉及……”用When it comes to...，这是一个固定句型，其中to是介词，“做事”表示为动名词短语getting things done，get sth. done意为“使某事被做”。故填When it comes to getting things done。 50．The hero saved the child trapped in the fire . 那个英雄冒着失去生命的危险，救出了被困在火中的孩子。 【答案】at the risk of losing his life 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“冒着……的危险”用固定短语at the risk of doing sth.，“失去生命”翻译为lose one’s life，此处表示“他的生命”，用his life，介词of后用动名词losing作宾语。故填at the risk of losing his life。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 5 Learning from nature 非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语 一、单句语法填空 1．It took him the whole afternoon (fix) the car. 2．After the heated argument, it took him a while (calm) down. 3． (control) the air pollution is necessary. 4．She longed (be) her own master and be able to help others. 5．We tend (meet) up for lunch once a week. 6．I planted some seeds in the yard in the spring. But they failed (come) up. 7．The help you give to others will be paid back, so never hesitate (offer) a helping hand whenever someone needs help. 8．His main goal is (set) up his own company after graduation. 9．What he hopes to do is (visit) the Great Wall next month. 10．My job is (take) care of the elderly in the community center. 11．Her main aim is (promote) traditional art among young people. 12．To deal with the plastic pollution, the best approach is not (ban) plastics, but to manage them more carefully. 13．The ultimate goal of the research project is (explore) new energy sources that are environmentally friendly and sustainable. 14． (punish) for his mistakes made him sad and disappointed. 15．In order to better develop as well as preserve this place, (limit) human impact on Xixi wetland was considered by the park designer. 16． (travel) abroad independently can give young people valuable life experience. 17． (find) a good and well-paid job is the final goal for some graduates. 18．If you have to use a car, (share) trips with others is far cheaper and better for the environment. 19．Playing go (give) Turkish players a chance to experience a different worldview, and it also helps them develop skills like strategic thinking and patience. 20．If you have to use a car, (share) trips with others is far cheaper and better for the environment. 21．After (pack) our luggage carefully, we checked in at the airport and boarded our flight to Tokyo, which was scheduled to depart at 9 a.m. 22．It would be suicidal to risk (go) out in this weather. 23．Now we focus more on finding the best way to solve problems by (cooperate) with one another. 24．The best approach to (learn) English is to read widely. 25．Every day it reminds her that she should spend some time (find) the beauty hidden in people and gifts. 26．The best of a Kilimanjaro experience, in my opinion, isn’t (reach) the top. 27．The so-called Mint Mambo Style is simply (dress) in shades of fresh green. 28．What matters in effective communication is (interpret) body language accurately. 29．What he enjoys most is (play) basketball with his friends after school. 30． (analyse) the medical texts again made Tu Youyou find a different way to treat the wormwood. 31． (associate) their study with practice can assist them in getting a better command of their knowledge. 32．But (spend) too much time online is unhealthy. Then, it is very difficult to focus on other things in life. 33．What astonished me was that he delayed (take) immediate action and missed a precious chance. 34．It is a waste of time (play) computer games all day long. 35．She enjoys (listen) to classical music while she is doing housework. 36．He admitted (praise) by the headmaster for his excellent performance in the competition. 37．Her duty now is washing, (clean) and taking care of the children. 38．Her job is (answer) emails every day. 39．Her ambition is (become) part of the national team for the next Olympic Games. 40．My idea is (climb) the mountain from the north. 二、完成句子 41． to be invited to give a speech at your school. 受邀在贵校发表演讲，我感到十分荣幸。 42．We don’t want to because of under insurance. 我们不想冒因投保不足而造成损失的风险。 43．Some students find it not easy . 一些学生发现理解英语语法不容易。 44．She kindly offered to during my stay in the hospital last month. 上个月，她善意地提出在我住院期间陪伴我。 45．他的愿望就是上一所重点大学。 His wish . 46．The only correct way is to . 唯一正确的办法是走群众路线。 47．花费太多时间上网有损身心健康。 is unhealthy for your mental and physical health. 48．在公园上美术课给了我一种新奇的体验，教会我从不同的角度看世界。 and taught me to look at the world from a different perspective. 49． , he’s useless. 一涉及做事，他便不中用了。 50．The hero saved the child trapped in the fire . 那个英雄冒着失去生命的危险，救出了被困在火中的孩子。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $