话题14 灾害防范与宇宙探索-【一战成名新中考】2026广西中考英语（外研版）·二轮复习·话题读写整合复习优质PPT课件

英语 1 2 话题读写整合复习 ★范畴三 人与自然 话题14 灾害防范与宇宙探索 3 此话题相关的课标词汇见《词汇分层练》P124 【2022课标子主题】①自然灾害与防范措施， 人身安全与自我保护；② 地球与宇宙探秘， 航天事业发展 【教材单元链接】 模块 主题 角度 教材页码 八下M3 Journey to space 宇宙探索 P18 九下M4 Rules and suggestions 安全规则 P26 4 一、听短文，填信息[2025梧州市一模] A Fire Practice What how to escape from a fire safely When this 1.__________ afternoon How long about 2.__________ minutes Safety rules ●Go out of the classroom quickly and 3.________; ●Leave the classroom through the nearest door; ●Line up on the sports field; ●Don't chat, 4.______ or push during the fire practice. Notes These safety rules are 5.__________ to us. Thursday 20/twenty quietly jump necessary 5 【解析】Hello, boys and girls. We are going to have a practice about how to escape from a fire this ① Thursday afternoon. It will take about ② twenty minutes. Please follow the safety rules. When you hear the sound of the fire bell, go out of the classroom quickly and ③ quietly. Everyone should leave the classroom through the nearest door. Don't take anything with you. In a real fire, you have no time to do that. Your teachers will stand together on the sports field. When you are there, find your class and line up. Then your teacher will check your names. You mustn't chat, ④ jump or push during the fire practice. These safety rules are ⑤ necessary to us. Please remember all the rules. Thank you! 6 二、完形填空 Last summer， my town experienced a terrible flood. It was a rainy week， and the river near our house ran over its . .1. .. One morning， I woke up to find water rushing into our living room. My parents were out， and I was home alone. I knew I had to act . .2. ..#1 7 First， I took my . .3. . bag， put on my life jacket and got to the second floor. The water was rising fast， and I felt scared and began . .4. .. Suddenly， what my teacher taught us came into my mind： remain . .5. . and think clearly. Through the window， I saw our neighbor， Mr. Lee， . .6. . me. He shouted, “Climb onto the roof(屋顶)! Someone will save us!” I . .7. . the window， waved back and carefully climbed onto the roof. The rain became heavier and the wind got stronger， but I kept holding on to the chimney(烟囱).#3 8 After a few hours， I heard the sound of a boat engine(发动机). A saving team arrived! They threw me a rope and pulled me into the boat with it. I was still shaking . .8. . felt a little relaxed. The boat took me to a . .9. . place where there were many other survivors. Although disasters like floods are dangerous， with the right knowledge and a calm mind， we can . .10. . ourselves and survive.#5 9 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了去年夏天，作者所在的小镇 遭遇了洪水，房子被淹，作者被困家中，在邻居和救援队帮助下成功获救， 作者由此感悟面对灾难时运用安全知识并保持冷静终能化险为夷。 10 1.( ) A. bottoms B. banks C. roads 【解析】根据前半句那是个多雨的星期可知，此处指河水漫过了河岸。 bank岸。 2.( ) A. properly B. honestly C. freely 【解析】根据前文水已经涌入客厅，“我”又独自在家可知，作者知道自己 必须采取适当的行动。 3.( ) A. food B. school C. emergency 【解析】此处指拿上应急包，穿上救生衣。 √ √ √ 11 4.( ) A. drinking B. swimming C. shaking 【解析】此处指作者感到害怕，开始发抖。 5.( ) A. calm B. clean C. hungry 【解析】根据“think clearly”可知，此处指保持冷静。 6.( ) A. waving at B. shooting at C. laughing at 【解析】根据后文“waved back”可知，李先生向“我”招手。wave at招手。 √ √ √ 12 7.( ) A. repaired B. opened C. noticed 【解析】根据后文“我”回应李先生的招手然后爬上屋顶可推知，此处指打 开窗户。 8.( ) A. so B. or C. but 【解析】此处指“我”仍然在发抖但感觉放松一点儿了，前后是转折关系。 √ √ 13 9.( ) A. beautiful B. safe C. lonely 【解析】此处指船把“我”带到了一个安全的地方，那里有许多幸存者。 10.( ) A. save B. teach C. praise 【解析】根据“survive”可知，应对灾难时用正确的知识和冷静的头脑可以 自救并生存下去。 √ √ 14 三、阅读理解 Nature can be beautiful, but it can also be dangerous. Take wildfires for example, more and more wildfires have been burning recently, causing great damage(损害). Natural causes like lightning and hot sun have caused wildfires, but four out of five wildfires are started by humans. Once a wildfire starts, it burns anything in its path such as trees, bushes and even buildings. Dry weather and high winds help wildfires spread, and they can move very quickly, up to 23 km an hour.#2 15 So, what should you do to prevent a wildfire? First, always be careful around fire. Follow fire safety rules in parks and public areas, especially when camping. And if you do make a fire outdoors, be sure that you put it out completely. Even if you're careful, you should be prepared for a wildfire. If one starts in your area, check TV, radio and emergency alerts(警报) to learn what to do. Pay attention to the fire and communicate with emergency workers. Always follow their instructions.#3 16 Wildfires can be scary, but did you know they can actually help a forest? The fire kills sick plants and harmful insects that have been living in the forest's ecosystem(生态系统). Certain animals do better in the burnt-out living places that fires create. And by burning trees and their leaves, wildfires allow sunlight to reach the forest floor, so light can reach seedlings(幼苗) and help them grow into new plants. Wildfires are dangerous and can cause a lot of damage. But they are also a part of the natural world, and they can be healthy for a forest. So, we can't simply view them as destruction(破坏), but also as nature making room for new beginnings.#4 17 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章既介绍了野火的危害以及人类如何 预防，也介绍了其对动植物的益处。告诉我们要辩证看待自然。 18 1. How does the writer lead into the topic at the beginning of the text? ___ A. By giving an example. B. By asking a question. C. By listing numbers. 【解析】写作手法题。根据第一段第二句可知，作者通过举野火的例子展 开自然具有两面性的论述。 √ 19 2.What can we know about wildfires? ___ A. They often move at a speed of 23 km/h. B. Four fifths of them are started by humans. C. They can not be healthy for the forest. 3.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? ___ A. Ways to prevent a wildfire. B. Natural causes of wildfires. C. Damage that a wildfire brings. 【解析】段落大意题。根据第三段首句可知，该段介绍了预防野火的方法。 √ √ 20 4.What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to(指的是)? ___ A. Sick plants. B. Wildfires. C. Certain animals. 【解析】代词指代题。根据上句可知，they指代“wildfires”。 5.Which saying best shows the writer's understanding of wildfires? ___ A. Better late than never. B. Every coin has two sides. C. Think twice before you do. 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后三句可知，作者认为野火具有双 面性，不能单一看待。B项“事物都有两面性。”符合题意。 √ √ 21 四、任务型阅读 Recently, a great scientific discovery amazed the world. Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the Moon, which could change how we think about living on the Moon in the future! They wrote about their discovery in a science magazine called The Innovation. Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil(月壤), scientists can create a lot of water on the Moon.#1 22 In the past, missions(飞行任务) to the Moon showed that there might be ice at the Moon's north and south poles(极). However, there isn't much water in lunar soil—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. So it's difficult for people to expect to live on the Moon.#1.1 23 The researchers, however, found something exciting after studying the rocks and soil from the Moon brought back by the Chang'e-5 spacecraft. One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts(融化) when it reaches over 1,000 . When it begins to melt, it produces water vapor(蒸气). They learned that just 100 g of lunar soil can give us 5.1 g to 7.6 g of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 51 kg and 76 kg of water. That's enough to give drinking water to 50 people for one day!#1.2 24 All in all, this research opens up new possibilities for finding water on the Moon. It's important for future trips to the Moon and people who might live there someday. As we learn more about how to make water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of humans living on the Moon.#1.3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国科学家通过嫦娥五号带 回的月壤样本发现高温熔化月壤可产生大量水蒸气及这一突破性发现的现 实意义。 25 1.How can scientists create lots of water on the Moon according to Paragraph 1? ____________________ By using lunar soil. 2.Where might ice be on the Moon? ____________________________________ At the Moon's north and south poles. 3.When will lunar soil melt? _____________________________ When it reaches over 1,000. 26 4.Why does the writer mention the earlier research in Paragraph 2? (不超过15个词) _____________________________________ To compare it with the new discovery. 【解析】写作目的题。第二段的早期研究铺垫了研究困境，是为了与第三 段形成强烈对比，反衬新发现的革命性意义。 5. Write an ending sentence for the passage.(不超过15个词) ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ This discovery could help make that dream come true! (开放性试题， 答案不唯一，言之有理即可) 27 五、选词填空[2025南充改编] tooth important keep space eat on after oven specially they The astronauts of Shenzhou-20—Chen Dong， Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie—worked for about eight hours and completed the first space walk 1. ____ May 22nd， 2025. What is the life like in space？ After a long day at work， astronauts will have dinners. In space， some foods can be 2. ______ in their natural forms， such as chocolate cakes and fruits. Other foods require a(n) 3. ______ to heat.#3 on eaten oven 28 tooth important keep space eat on after oven specially they After dinner， astronauts have a rest， brush 4. ______ and go to bed， just like on the earth. When going to sleep， they have to tie 5. ___________， so they don't float(漂浮) around or hit their bodies against something. They usually use sleeping bags that are put in a small cabin(座舱). Generally， astronauts have an eight-hour sleep each day 6. ______ they finish their task.#4 teeth themselves after 29 tooth important keep space eat on after oven specially they Exercise is also a(n) 7. __________ part of every astronaut's daily life. To 8. ______ healthy， on average， they exercise two hours every day. Lifting 200 pounds may be a lot of work on the earth. But lifting that same object in 9. ______ would be much easier. That means sports equipment(设备) needs to be 10. _________ designed. Therefore， astronauts can receive the exercise needed.#5 important keep space specially 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了神舟20号飞船的航天员 在太空中的日常生活。 30 $听短文填信息。你将听到一篇短文，请根据短文内容将所需信息填入对应的横线上，每空一词，短文读。三遍。Hello, boys and girls, we are going to have a practice about how to escape from a fire this thursday afternoon. IT will take about twenty minutes. Please follow the safety rules. When you hear the sound of the fire bell, go out of the classroom quickly and quietly. Everyone should leave the classroom through the nearest store. Don't take anything with you in a real fire. You have no time to do that. Your teachers will stand together on the sports field. When you are there, find your class and lineup, then your teacher will check your names. You mustn't chat, jump or push during the fire practice. These safety rules are necessary to us. Please remember all the rules. Thank . you. Pelo, boys and gals, we are going to have a practice about how to escape from a fire this thursday afternoon. IT will take about twenty minutes. Please follow the safety rules. When you hear the sound of the fire bell, go out of the classroom quickly and quietly. Everyone should leave the classroom through the newer store. Don't take anything with you in a real fire. You have no time to do that. Your teachers will stand together on the sports field. When you are there, find your class and line up. Then your teacher will check your names. You must in chat, jump or push during the fire practice. These safety rules are necessary to us. Please remember all the rules. Thank . you. Hello, boys and girls, we are going to have a practice about how to escape from a fire this thursday afternoon. IT will take about twenty minutes. Please follow the safety rules. When you hear the sound of the fire bell, go out of the classroom quickly and quietly. Everyone should leave the classroom through the nearest door. Don't take anything with you in a real fire. You have no time to do that. Your teachers will stand together on the sports field. When you are there, find your class and lineup, then your teacher will check your names. You mustn't chat, jump or push during the fire practice. These safety rules are necessary to us. Please remember all the rules. Thank you.