专题03 阅读理解 说明文（期中真题汇编，广东专用）高一英语下学期

专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自然 —— 气候变化与生态适应 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）People around the world are learning to live with climate change, and scientists have discovered animals are also being forced to make adjustments. A new study shows that warm-blooded animals like birds are evolving larger ears, beaks, and legs to release extra body heat as the planet warms. “It’s time we realized animals must adapt to these changes, but this is happening much faster than most evolutionary changes in history,” said Sara Ryding, a bird researcher. “Climate change is putting a lot of pressure on them, and while some species will adapt, others might not survive.” Allen’s Rule is a biological theory that explains how animals’ body shapes adapt to different climates. Animals in warmer regions tend to have longer limbs and larger ears, giving them a higher surface-area-to-volume ratio (比例) , which helps them release heat more easily. In contrast, animals in colder areas have shorter limbs and smaller ears, resulting in a lower surface-area-to-volume ratio that helps them minimize heat loss. For example, Arctic foxes have short, rounded ears to conserve warmth, while desert rabbits have long ears that allow heat to escape, keeping them cool. Ryding said climate change involves many slowly developing factors, making it hard to identify exactly why animals are changing shape. But these changes are appearing worldwide across a wide range of regions, habitats and species, leaving climate change as the most likely explanation. Among all species, shapeshifting has been particularly widely reported in birds. Several Australian parrots’ beaks have grown 4-10% larger since 1871. Next, scientists will scan museum-preserved bird samples using 3D technology to better understand which birds are changing size due to climate change. “Shapeshifting does not mean animals are handling climate change perfectly,” Ryding emphasized. “It just shows they’ re evolving to survive–but these changes, while remarkable, mirror more of a desperate race against climate change than a natural evolutionary process, which could be a warning signal we tend to ignore.” 1．Which of the following statements would Sara Ryding agree with? A．Climate change is occurring as expected. B．Not all species can adapt to climate change. C．Scientists have understood why animals shapeshift. D．Researchers should study animals’ evolutionary cause. 2．What do we know from the theory “Allen’s Rule”? A．Lower surface-area-to-volume ratios enable animals to keep warm. B．Higher surface-area-to-volume ratios are helpful in preserving heat. C．Animals in colder regions have larger ears than those in warmer places. D．Animals in warmer regions have smaller ears than those in colder places. 3．Why will the researchers carry out 3D scans of museum samples? A．To help birds better survive climate change. B．To reduce ecological consequences of climate change. C．To prove birds have a strong ability to survive climate change. D．To see which birds adapt themselves in response to climate change. 4．What’s the author’s attitude towards animals’ shapeshifting? A．Positive B．Confused C．Doubtful D．Concerned Passage 2 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）Marine scientists have built a robot fish named Bionic Swimmer to save struggling coral(珊瑚)areas. Weighing just 1. 2k g—about as heavy as a thick dictionary—this robot fish moves like a real fish with its soft rubber-like material fins that wave gently. Designed as a hidden observer of the sea, it navigates through coral gardens without frightening marine life. It takes clear pictures of corals that are losing color and checks the water’s temperature and acidity(酸度). Unlike noisy underwater machines that scare sea animals away, Bionic Swimmer fits perfectly with underwater habitats. This robot fish can work nonstop for 12 hours and map fading coral areas 20% faster than human divers. Unlike traditional underwater machines that scare sea life with loud noises, it uses a flexible, fish-like tail to move quietly. During a 2023 mission on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, it checked risky areas 35% faster by using tiny sensors to check water changes in real time. However, when diving deeper than 50 meters, 40% of its data disappears because water pressure weakens signals—like a text message that doesn’t get delivered. This shows the challenges of exploring the deep sea. To fix this, MIT scientists added light-up to its “skin,” inspired by bioluminescent anglerfish that “talk” with self-made light in dark water. These spots blink like a code to send data upwards. Tests in complete darkness under high pressure showed that this “light language” works 85% of the time. “Deep-sea creatures gave us this smart method,” says project leader Dr. Elena Torres, “especially how bioluminescent animals learned to communicate in darkness.” By 2025, upgraded Bionic Swimmers will use long-distance laser(激光)technology to send real-time warnings from the deepest parts of the ocean. These robotic protectors can keep watch on coral areas all the time, noticing dangerous temperature increases from farther away than current systems. Imagine bright robot fish swimming through a coral area—their new tools sending signals across wide underwater spaces to keep sea life safe! 5．What is the main task of Bionic Swimmer? A．Exploring deep-sea volcanoes. B．Testing ocean material resistance. C．Monitoring coral health secretly. D．Replacing underwater photographers. 6．How does Bionic Swimmer differ from older equipment? A．Diving beyond 100 meters. B．Using solar energy. C．Managing extreme pressure. D．Silent fish-like movement. 7．What does “bioluminescent” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Surviving without oxygen. B．Sensing temperature shifts. C．Producing natural light. D．Hiding from hunters. 8．What is expected to improve performance? A．Expanding signal range. B．Increasing swimming speed. C．Attracting sea creatures. D．Cutting production costs. 主题02 人与社会 —— 科技发展与社会影响 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·广东·期中）Every time AI drafts an e-mail or an image, the planet pays for it. Making two images can consume as much energy as charging a smartphone. By 2027, the global AI industry could annually consume as much electricity as the Netherlands. And a new study identifies another concern: generative AI applications alone could add 1.2 million to five million tons of this harmful trash to the planet by 2030. Such a contribution would add to the tens of millions of tons of electronic products the globe abandons annually. Cell phones, computers and other digital products often contain mercury (汞), lead or other poisons. When improperly disposed of, they can pollute air, water and soil. In 2022, about 78% of the world’s e-waste end up in landfills or at unofficial recycling sites, where laborers risk their health to clean up rare metals. The AI boom rapidly consumes data storage devices and high-performance components, which are usually replaced when new versions are available. To calculate the e-waste contribution, researchers examined hardware use, lifespan, and the industry’s growth rate. Their prediction is an estimate that could change based on various factors. This study’s biggest value comes from its attention to AI’s broad environmental impacts, says Shaolei Ren, a researcher at the University of California, Riverside. “We might want AI companies to slow down a bit,” he says. Few countries mandate (强制) the proper disposal of e-waste, and those that do often fail to carry out their existing laws on it. Twenty-five U. S. states have e-waste management policies, but there is no federal law that requires electronics recycling. Thankfully, some companies claim to be taking independent action. Microsoft and Google have committed to reaching net zero waste and net zero emissions respectively by 2030. They have many options to limit e-waste. It’s possible to squeeze more life out of servers, for instance, through regular maintenance and updates or by shifting worn-out devices to less-intensive applications. These strategies are vital to reduce e-waste and benefit society, the study authors estimate. 9．What can be inferred from Paragraph 1? A．The Netherlands consumes too much electricity. B．The disadvantages of AI outweigh the advantages. C．The environmental footprint of AI is alarmingly extensive. D．AI’s energy-related issues largely result from image-making. 10．What is Shaolei Ren’s attitude toward the growth of AI companies? A．Critical. B．Positive. C．Cautious. D．Ambiguous. 11．What is the key to reducing e-waste? A．Adjusting AI application frequency. B．Prioritizing smartphone recycling. C．Banning the overuse of AI completely. D．Adopting device-lifespan-extending measures. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．AI May Worsen the E-waste Crisis B．E-waste Calls for Proper Use of AI C．E-waste Problems Mostly Blame on AI D．AI and E-waste Always Go Hand in Hand Passage 2 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）School dining halls discovered a surprising fact: When students face 6 jam choices, they buy 10 times more than when offered 24 options. This “choice overload,” studied by psychologist Barry Schwartz, now affects teenagers everywhere. From picking school courses to choosing drink flavors, endless options leave teens stressed instead of excited. Schwartz’s research highlights a paradox (矛盾): while freedom of choice seems desirable, too many options often lead to anxiety and indecision, making it harder to take action. Brain science shows why this happens. Too many choices activate the brain’s fear center, triggering feelings of uncertainty, and tire the decision-making area, which handles logical judgments. For example, a 10th grader from a coastal city admits spending 40 minutes daily surfing a video app. “I can’t stop searching for the perfect short video,” he says. This illustrates “decision fatigue (疲劳)”—a mental exhaustion caused by constant small choices. Over time, this takes energy needed for critical tasks like homework or planning future goals. Philosopher Hannah Arendt’s idea about “small evils” from thoughtless actions finds new meaning today. She argued that repetitive, unthinking behaviors could lead to harmful consequences. Modern life mirrors this: endless trivial(琐碎的)decisions—like picking snacks or adjusting photo filters—dull our ability to make meaningful choices. Automatic scrolling replaces deep thinking, much like blindly following orders once normalized harmful historical acts. Arendt’s warning urges us to reflect: Are we losing the capacity to focus on what truly matters? Schools are fighting back. A high school in eastern China reduced elective course dropouts by 55% using “decision cleanliness”—a method offering only 3 options per subject. This approach simplifies choices, allowing students to focus on quality over quantity. As one headmaster explains, “Limiting options reduces stress and helps students commit to their decisions.” Other strategies include simplifying cafeteria menus and setting screen-free time blocks. These practices enable teens to regain mental energy, proving that sometimes, less truly is more. 13．What can be inferred from the school dining hall experiment? A．More choices drive sales. B．Fewer options aid decisions. C．Foreign foods tempt youth. D．Adults decide more quickly. 14．Which term best describes the student’s 40-minute surfing habit? A．Efficient task-switching. B．Schoolwork stress relief. C．Creative content browsing. D．Decision-making fatigue. 15．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Hannah Arendt in paragraph 3? A．Mindless acts cause harm. B．Choices shape actions. C．Habits weaken thinking. D．Reflection prevents mistakes. 16．What solution worked in the eastern China high school? A．Banning smartphone usage. B．Offering limited options. C．Extending decision time. D．Increasing teacher guidance. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）People, especially women, have begun to look at travel in a new way in recent years. Instead of waiting for their partners, family or friends to join them in heading out on a new adventure, many women these days are happily going it alone. An example is the private Facebook group Solo Female Travelers, which was started by Meg Jerrard and Mar Pages in 2015. Their plan back then was to “connect women who loved to travel solo”. At first, there were only a few hundred members. Today, nearly 350,000 members from across the globe are in the group. A photo-sharing site called Pinterest notes that in 2024, searches for “solo traveling” have increased by 145%, while a recent survey shows over 59% of travelers plan to travel solo in the coming year. Not only women, but men are also going it alone. And people of all ages are planning to leave literally everything and everyone behind, with some staying not too far from home and others circling the planet for new explorations. “We do an annual survey of our group, and more than 80% of the members agree that solo travel is a choice, and that the lack of a travel partner is not a key motivator. They want more freedom, and they hope to have a break from routines. Also, they explore the world on their own while relaxing and achieving personal growth,” Jerrard explained. Traditionally, cruise companies (邮轮公司) that take adventurers to faraway places always charge solo travelers who use a cabin (舱室) alone extra money, often resulting in the travelers paying nearly the same amount as two people sharing a cabin. But with so many people welcoming the idea of solo travel, that has been one of the first things to fall, as cruise companies rethink their rules. Other travel providers, such as package tour companies and hotels, have also recognized the movement, making unique and detailed changes to satisfy the expectations of solo travelers. While solo traveling isn’t quite perfect yet—think waiters who might ignore solo diners, safety matters, or assumptions from others that “solo travel” means “lonely travel”, this new type of travel has arrived and is here to stay. So, where are you going next on your own? 17．What conclusion can be drawn from the first two paragraphs? A．Most women used to enjoy traveling in groups. B．Social media plays an important role in tourism. C．Women are more creative than men when traveling. D．Traveling alone is becoming more and more popular. 18．What is the main reason for people who travel alone? A．The love for going off the beaten track. B．The need for developing independence. C．The efforts to find like-minded friends. D．The desire to have more personal space. 19．Why are travel providers mentioned in Paragraph 4? A．To indicate travel depends on different elements. B．To show they are meeting solo travelers’ demands. C．To ask the tourism industry to improve its services. D．To point out the difficulties of welcoming solo travelers. 20．What is the author’s attitude towards traveling alone? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Worried. D．Doubtful. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·广东东莞·期中）If you’ve ever cooked a complex meal with someone, you know the level of cooperation required. American researchers recently showed that in a virtual kitchen, artificial intelligence (AI) learned how to cooperate with a human just by watching humans work together. There are some ways researchers have already trained AI to work with people. Many approaches involve reinforcement learning, where an AI interacts with an environment online — which can include other AIs or humans — and is rewarded for making decisions that lead to desired outcomes. Google Deep Mind’s program Alpha Go, for example, learned the board game Go using reinforcement learning. But starting training an AI from zero to interact with people through complete trial and error can waste a lot of time and can be risky. Another choice is to train one AI to model human behavior, and then use that as a tireless human replacement for another AI to learn to interact with. Researchers have used this method in a simple game. But repeating human behavior in more complex settings can be difficult. Thus in the study, researchers used offline reinforcement learning — a method for developing strategies by analyzing recorded behavior rather than through real-time interaction. Previously, offline reinforcement learning had been used mostly to help virtual robots move or to help AIs solve mazes (迷宫), but here it was applied to the tricky problem of working with humans. Instead of learning by interacting with people, this AI learned by watching human interactions. “The research work introduces a way for AI to learn to team up with humans, without even practicing with us. It could help improve human-AI interactions.” Says Nikolaidis, director of a lab. In the future, humans will increasingly work with AI, both online and in the physical world. Sometimes we’ll want an AI to silently guide our choices and strategies, like a good teammate who knows our weaknesses. “It solves an important problem — how AI can learn to work with people.” says Nikolaidis. 21．What is the function of reinforcement learning in the passage? A．It’s how AI learned to work with people B．It’s how researchers helped AI learn cooking. C．It’s how Google Deep Mind developed AlphaGo. D．It’s how AI got rewards for making correct choices. 22．What is the advantage of offline reinforcement learning? A．It relies on real-time interaction. B．It helps AI learn by interacting with people. C．It takes less time and has less danger. D．It is realized through mistakes and corrections. 23．What is AI expected to do in the future? A．To cook a complex meal on its own. B．To point out our weaknesses directly. C．To offer voiceless guidance sometimes. D．To solve difficult problems for humans. 24．What is the text mainly about? A．AI learns cooperation by practicing. B．AI learns cooking from humans. C．AI learns cooking without humans’ help. D．AI learns teamwork by watching humans. Passage 5 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）Public health data signals a genuine crisis in adolescent mental health: rising rates of anxiety, depression and hopelessness. But as we worry about teens who are struggling, we can’t ignore another mounting effect-the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an “always on” world. We have studied teens and tech for over a decade. Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from people they know and friends-of-friends. And it’s not just staying connected — it’s keeping up with what others post, too. Social media platforms thus make it technically possible to maintain more relationships than ever before. The result is an overwhelming wave of social information. It’s especially intense for adolescents whose sensitivities drive them to care deeply about what their peers are doing and thinking. Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled into photo selection, editing and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time, which differs from one relationship to another. Replying too quickly can be seen as over-eager, especially when the friendship is new or not close. But when it’s a close friend, taking too long to reply might make them feel hurt. Technologies have transformed how friendships develop. Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are ignored by adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools. and other parts of society. 25．What makes teenagers’ networks continue to expand? A．The expectation to be kind. B．The requests of their parents. C．The need to meet more people. D．The burden of living independently. 26．What does the author think of being a good friend in the age of social media? A．Exciting B．Challenging C．Time-saving D．Life-changing 27．What will the author most likely discuss in the next paragraph? A．Tips for teenagers to improve interpersonal skills. B．Suggestions for teenagers to better use social media. C．Ways for parents to help reduce teenagers’ social burdens. D．Strategies for parents to limit their children’s social media usage. 28．Which of the following is the best title of this passage? A．The difficult choice: Likes or loneliness? B．Teens’ crisis: The dark side of social media C．Always online: How screens transform teen brains D．The unseen pressure: Teen friendships on social media Passage 6 （24-25高一下·广东江门·期中）Last summer, two nineteenth-century cottages were rescued from remote farm fields in Montana, to be moved to an Art Deco building in San Francisco. The houses were made of wood. These cottages once’ housed early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil; now they hold Twitter engineers. The cottages could be an example of the industry’s unusual love for “low technology”, a concept associated with the natural world, and with old-school craftsmanship (手艺) that exists long before the Internet era. Low technology is not virtual — so, to take advantage of it, Internet companies have had to get creative. The rescued wood cottages, fitted by band in the late eighteen-hundreds, are an obvious example. Other companies are using a broader interpretation (阐释) of low technology that focuses on nature. Amazon is building three glass spheres filled with trees, so that employees can “work and socialize in a more natural, park-like setting.” At Google’s office, an entire is carpeted in glass. Facebook’s second Menlo Park campus will have a rooftop park with a walking path. Olle Lundberg, the founder of Lundberg Design, has worked with many tech companies over the years. “Our tech engineers are the ones who feel impoverished, because they’re surrounded by the digital world,” he says. “We’ve found that introducing real crafts is one way to regain their individual identity.” This craft-based theory is rooted in history. William Morris, the English artist and writer, turned back to pre-industrial arts in the eighteen-sixties, just after Industrial Revolution. The Arts and Crafts movement defined itself against machines. “Without creative human occupation, people became disconnected from life.” Morris said. Research has shown that natural environments can restore our mental abilities. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forest-bathe”, taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure. These health benefits apply to the workplace as well. Rachel Kaplvin, a professor of environmental psychology, has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural environment. Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office-even simple views of trees and flowers-felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying. If low-tech offices can potentially benefit the brains and improve the mental health of employees then, fine, bring on the cottages. 29．Why does the writer mentions the two nineteenth-century cottages? A．To show Twitter is having a hard time. B．To show old cottages are in need of protection. C．To show us early settlers once suffered from a dry climate in Montana. D．To show Internet companies have rediscovered the benefits of low technology. 30．Low technology is regarded as something that ______ A．is related to nature B．is out of date today C．uses too much energy D．exists in the virtual world 31．What is the writer’s attitude to “low technology”? A．critical B．positive C．worried D．doubtful 32．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Past Glories, Future Dreams B．The Virtual World, the Real Challenge C．High-tech Companies, Low-tech Offices D．The More Craftsmanship, the Less Creativity Passage 7 （24-25高一下·广东茂名·期中）AI-powered chatbots (聊天机器人) are getting pretty good at identifying some diseases, but how do chatbots do when things are less black and white? For example, how long should a patient stop taking blood thinners before an operation? Should a patient’s treatment change if they’ve had harmful reactions to similar medicine in the past? These questions don’t have a textbook right or wrong answer — it’s up to doctors to use their opinions. Researcher Jonathan H. Chen and his team have been exploring whether AI-powered chatbots could effectively answer such questions, and whether doctors supported by chatbots would perform better. The team designed a trial to study clinical reasoning performance in three groups: the chatbot alone, 46 doctors with chatbots’ support, and 46 doctors with access only to Internet search and medical references. They selected five patient cases and gave them to three groups, all of whom were expected to provide a written response that detailed what they would do in each case, and why, and what they considered when making the decision. In addition, the researchers invited a group of authoritative (权威的) doctors to create scoring standards. The decisions from three groups were then scored according to the standards. To the team’s surprise, the chatbot outperformed the doctors who had access only to the Internet and medical references, selecting more items on the scoring standards than the doctors did. But the doctors who were paired with chatbots kept up with the chatbot alone. What exactly drove the doctor-chatbot cooperation (合作)is up for debate. “Does using chatbots force doctors to be more thoughtful about the case? Or are chatbots providing guidance that the doctors wouldn’t have thought of on their own? That needs to be explored,” Chen said. “The positive outcomes for chatbots and doctors paired with chatbots are in AI’s favor.” Chen added, “This doesn’t mean patients should skip (跳过) the doctors and go directly to chatbots. Don’t do that.” 33．What did the researchers want to find out through the research? A．If chatbots could offer reliable advice like doctors do. B．In which case chatbots could replace doctors. C．When doctors could outperform AI-powered chatbots. D．Why patients preferred chatbots over doctors. 34．How did the researchers conduct their research? A．By conducting a survey among doctors. B．By asking authoritative doctors. C．By having doctors compete with chatbots. D．By using chatbots to lead doctors. 35．What do we know from the research? A．Doctors without chatbots’ support performed the best. B．Chatbots did as well as the doctors with chatbots’ support. C．Chatbots performed worse than doctors with Internet access. D．Doctors armed with chatbots performed worse than chatbots. 36．What is Chen’s attitude to the use of chatbots in clinical field? A．Careful. B．Positive. C．Negative. D．Unclear. 主题03 人与自然 —— 自然探索 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·广东·期中）Almost every mother has said it: Wear a jacket, or you’ll catch a cold! Is she right? Probably not. Staying in the moderate (适度的) cold temperature for a short time doesn’t increase your chances of getting an infection (感染). There are two reasons why winter is a cold and flu season. In winter, people spend more time indoors, in closer contact with other people who can pass on the germs (细菌). Also the virus stays in the air longer when air is cold and less wet. But researchers remain interested in this question in different populations. Some experiments with mice suggest that staying in the cold temperature might reduce their ability to deal with infection. But what about humans? Scientists have performed experiments in which volunteers were briefly in the cold water or spent short periods of time in sub-freezing temperatures. They’ve studied people who lived in Antarctica and those exploring in Canada. The results have been mixed. For example, researchers recorded an increasing upper respiratory infections in competitive cross-country skiers who do more exercise in the cold, but whether these infections are due to the cold or other things — such as the intense exercise or the dryness of the air — is not known. A group of Canadian researchers have reviewed hundreds of medical studies on the subject and conducted some of its own research. They conclude that there’s no need to worry about moderate cold — it has no harmful effect on the human immune (免疫的) system. Should you wear quite warm clothes when it’s cold outside? The answer is yes if you feel uncomfortable, or if you’re outdoors for a long period of time. But don’t worry about immunity. 41．For what reason does the author mention every mother’s saying? A．To stress the importance of wearing warm clothes. B．To appreciate mothers’ reasonable views. C．To prove the new finding. D．To lead in a topic. 42．Why are some cross-country skiers infected? A．There are no definite reasons. B．They do too much intense exercise. C．There are no warm clothes to wear. D．They stay long in the dry environment. 43．What can be concluded from the experiment with the mice? A．They tend to be infected if they are hungry. B．They can be badly affected by very cold weather. C．They prefer a warmer environment to a cooler one. D．They might be adapted to changing weather quickly. 44．What does the last paragraph concentrate on? A．How can people properly do outdoor exercise? B．What can have an effect on the human immune system? C．Under what conditions should people be dressed in warm clothes? D．In what way can people prevent infections when staying outdoors? 主题01 人与社会 —— 数字时代的社会现象与文化适应 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·广东佛山·期中）When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all. They could dress their avatars in fancy clothes, or they could try being someone of the opposite sex, and call themselves “Andy” instead of “Anna”! When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people, not just their friends, they started having more than one avatar: a sensible one for work; a friendly, good-looking one for meeting people; and a silly one for having fun. Avatars let you express yourself and they give you lots of room for creativity. Of course, the avatar you choose says a lot about your personality. If your blog avatar is a picture of a cute cat, your message is “I like relaxing and having fun”. Well-known cartoon characters or laughing monkeys say “I’m a really funny person”. Most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and that look more or less like them and act like them. However, nearly all avatars are tall, young and nice-looking, so people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life. They also experiment with things like different hairstyles — which says a lot, perhaps, about what they want to look like. 1．Why do some users create more than one avatar? A．To develop creativity in expression. B．To adapt to different social contexts. C．To go along with common practices. D．To avoid being recognized by friends. 2．What can we know about avatars from Paragraph 2? A．They can show users’ personalities. B．They can influence users’ characters. C．They can improve users’ social skills. D．They can uncover users’ true identities. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·广东佛山·期中）In an age where digital products are everywhere, the term “screen time” has been discussed widely. Screen time seems easy to understand: It’s simply the time spent on digital products. But grouping all digital activities together misses how different types of screen use affect people. In our research, we divide screen time into four broad groups: educational use, work-related use, social interaction and entertainment. And we study how they relate to health outcomes such as stress, depression and loneliness. Screen use has both benefits and drawbacks, depending on how and why it is used. Online classes may improve problem-solving skills, but screen-based learning often contributes to poorer memory. Workplace screen time increases productivity through working together online, but using it too long may lead to stress. Similarly, screen use for social connection helps people interact with others, which can improve health outcomes, but endless social media scrolling (滚屏) can bring social comparison and loneliness. Likewise, while screen use for entertainment provides relaxation and stress relief, too much screen use may reduce well-being by limiting time for other meaningful activities. Screen time affects people differently based on factors like mood, social setting, and family environment. Your emotions before and during screen use can shape your experience. Positive interactions can lift your mood, while loneliness might deepen with certain online activities. The social context (情境) of screen use also matters. Watching a movie with family strengthen relationships, while using screens alone can increase feelings of loneliness, especially when it replaces face-to-face interactions. Family influence plays a role, too. For example, parents’ screen habits affect their children’s screen behavior, and planned parental guidance can help reduce overuse. Therefore, understanding screen use requires a more specific method than tracking the amount of time people spend on their screens. For policymakers, this means making rules that move beyond one-size-fits-all limits. The rules should match different activities and each person’s needs. For the rest of us, this awareness encourages a digital diet that balances online and offline activities for happiness. 3．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The effects of screen use in various situations. B．The challenges of screen use in everyday tasks. C．The influences of digital products on people’s habits. D．The differences between online and offline activities. 4．What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A．Family activities will replace screen time. B．Frequent screen use will bring bad feelings. C．Social setting will affect screen time outcomes. D．Parental habits will reduce children’s screen use. 5．What does the author suggest policymakers do? A．Control online activities. B．Limit people’s screen time. C．Promote an offline lifestyle. D．Apply personalized digital rules. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·广东广州·期中）What comes to mind when you hear the term “classical music”? For some, it’s just relaxing background music; for others, it touches something deep within their hearts. In fact, classical music is full of layers and surprises, so there are countless ways to enjoy it. As a music teacher, I encourage everyone to try “conscious listening” — paying full attention to uncover the fun and creativity hidden in the music. The first step to a conscious listening experience is learning mindfulness: being fully attentive in the moment. Mindfulness is more than letting the sound wash over us; it’s about opening up to the big picture with a nonjudgmental mind, which in the long term enhances our capacity for complex concepts and problem-solving, leading to better judgment and decisions. Finding mindfulness in daily life is not always easy. An audience member whispering or flipping pages from a booklet during a live performance can throw the musicians off and frustrate others. Noise pollution and social media also create disturbance to our listening powers that can threaten our health, gradually increasing our anxiety and emotional disconnection. Breathwork is one of the most common methods of developing mindfulness. A better way to ease in is to first engage emotionally with rich music. Then, allow the flow of energy to lead to tension and release, creating expectation and then fulfilling it, naturally causing inhales (吸气) and exhales after multiple listens. This is exactly what listening to musical harmony (和声) does. Research shows that music pleasure emerges from the interaction between our expectation of upcoming sound through our reward system and the actual pleasing sound itself. Forget easygoing simple background music. Try following the multiple voices in J. S. Bach’s compositions that inspire mental calm and clarity through their interactions. Or sense the emotional tension and release patterns in the harmonies of Sergei Rachmaninoff. Classical music demands a higher level of awareness and offers richer rewards. Then, the surrounding noise melts away. Listening to music can feel like having a companion on a journey who is guiding you through each moment of mindfulness. It is easier to become mindful when focusing on the flow of the music instead of seeking absolute quiet. 6．How does long-term mindfulness practice benefit listeners? A．By enhancing relaxation effects. B．By improving social interaction. C．By increasing musical appreciation. D．By strengthening advanced reasoning skills. 7．What major challenge to mindful listening is highlighted in paragraph 3? A．A critic mentality about music. B．The capacity for complex concepts. C．Performers inappropriate behaviors. D．Distractions from noise and technology. 8．Why does the author recommend Bach and Rachmaninoff’s works? A．They are universally considered easygoing music. B．Their works are the most accessible for beginners. C．They represent the most technically demanding pieces. D．Their compositions best demonstrate emotional patterns. 9．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To enable music listeners to engage deeply. B．To highlight the advantages of mindfulness. C．To convey personal views on classical music. D．To introduce a new method for concentration. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）The rapid growth of online platforms is seriously impacting video rental stores. With increasing Internet speeds, downloading movies has become convenient. In 2012, some websites landed in the UK and a stream of streamers followed, resulting in the near-total disappearance of video rental stores. However, it wasn’t always like this. After the Video Home System (VHS) came to the UK in the late 1970s, a number of video rental stores showed up. One of the world’s leading video rental chains opened its first British branch in South London in 1989. At its height, there were more than 800 branches in the UK. For years, these shops could be seen everywhere. The remaining owners remember this golden age of rental well. “On a weekend, we would have six staff and it would be continuous service. But when affordable DVDs came into play, the scene changed.” AllStar Video owner Colin Richards recalls. Snips’ owner, Dave Wain, is among a small group of movie supporters who refuse to let video rental fade to black. Alongside Snips, just two other original video rental stores still stand. The stores offer something extra. “We can come in for a DVD and spend a good half hour meeting different people and chatting about films,” one customer called Andrew says. “Every person who rents a film from us gives us a review of it when they bring it back. We really appreciate it.” says Wain. Standing in Snips, there are two great joys. First, the decision-making process: the arrangement of DVD covers draws the eyes in a way that online movies cannot match. Then, there’s something truly magical about physical media: the process of taking out a DVD, the artwork, and the DVD menus make viewers truly enjoy themselves. Can video rental stores really still survive, or even enjoy a comeback? After all, the streaming sites also face problems down the line with higher subscription fees (订阅费) and their new advertising plans. Plus, all the owners of these rental stores are now experiencing a growing crowd coming in, longing for physical videos. 10．What was the UK’s video rental industry like in the late 20th century? A．It grew rapidly across the country. B．It mainly focused on foreign films. C．It faced challenges from technology. D．It struggled to develop in North London. 11．What does the underlined phrase “fade to black” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Introduce new services. B．Replace online shops. C．Gradually disappear. D．Change its form. 12．What extra advantage do the rental stores offer according to Andrew and Wain? A．Personalized film recommendations. B．Chances of community interaction. C．Regular in-store film viewings. D．The online ordering system. 13．Which is Snips’ main strategy to attract customers? A．Providing discounts on ordering services. B．Inviting local artists to design the store. C．Hosting film-themed social gatherings. D．Creating a unique physical experience. Passage 5 （24-25高一下·广东·期中）Behind the enthusiastic song of an all male choir lies a force that is better known for shaping the lives of hopeful frogs and crickets, research suggests. Recordings of a top boys’ choir, once directed by Johann Sebastian Bach in Germany, reveal that the more mature boys in the group boosted their voices when girls were appreciating their performances. The effect, seen only among the older singers, aged 16 to 19, is thought to be similar behaviour more often observed in frogs and crickets, which enhance their individual calls to stand out from the crowd during mate-attracting choruses. “The boys’ singing sounds more brilliant and has a more attractive quality when girls are in the audience, but it is subtle,” said Keller, a professor who led the work at the centre for music in the brain at a university in Denmark. Keller and his colleagues learned up with a well-known choir in Germany after a student and former member of the choir mentioned that the boys boosted their voices in a barely noticeable manner when female audience members were present. Sound analysis of the boys singing a song composed by Bach found that, in the presence of girls aged 15 to 16, the boy’s improved their vocal brilliance and carried power by putting more energy. But it was unclear whether people, as opposed to sensitive sound devices, could detect the shift in voices, and if they could, whether the resulting sound was more or less appealing because of the enhanced singer’s performance. To find out, the researchers ran two online studies in which 2, 247 male and female volunteers listened to recordings of the boys singing with and without girls in the audience. While both male and female participants showed a difference between the two performances, only female volunteers preferred the boosted singing. “It’s really hard to tell,” Keller said. Details are published in a journal. For the recordings, the boys performed once before an all-male audience and a second time when a group of teenage girls joined the front row on the pretence of being on a school trip. In interviews after the concert, the boys felt they sang better in front of the girls but none admitted trying to attract their attention. According to the scientists, the findings suggest choir singing is a special form of social communication where cooperation and competitiveness, the latter potentially motivated by the opposite sex, can exist alongside one another. “You have a group of people working together, said Keller, “but at the same time individually having this parallel channel of communication, sending out the competitive signal saying: pick me!” 14．What drives the mature boys to sing better? A．Their directors. B．Their audience. C．The frogs. D．The crickets. 15．What does the underlined word “subtle” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Brilliant. B．Competitive. C．Unforgettable. D．Unnoticeable. 16．How did Keller’s team carry out the research? A．By observing the singers. B．By studying online documents. C．By doing field research. D．By conducting studies online. 17．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Cooperation or competition B．Force behind boy’s choir C．Research into the choir D．The audience effect Passage 6 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）The Earth Species Project (ESP) is a U.S.-based non-profit organization dedicated to decoding (解码) animal communication using AI. Its global research team is studying the vocalization patterns (发声模式) of specific animals, such as beluga whales, crows, and zebra finches, while also developing a general “foundation model” for animal communication, similar to ChatGPT for human communication. The goal is to make it possible for humans to communicate with other species, or at least understand their communication, by 2030. According to Aza Raskin, co-founder and president of the Earth Species Project, the project is now facing challenges in its research efforts. While large language models can be trained on vast amounts of Internet data, this project must collect specific recordings from various animal species. Analyzing animal data is complicated, as distinguishing single animal vocalizations from a noisy environment is challenging. However, the organization believes that as it gathers more recordings and improves its models, clearer patterns will appear — eventually enabling us to infer “meaning” from the data based on their similarities, even without fully understanding the context behind the sounds. Gail Patricelli, an animal behavior professor at the University of California, has witnessed significant advancements in the use of machine learning in bioacoustics (生物声学). While she believes that ESP holds promise for improving animal communication “dictionaries”, especially for species that are hard to access, she cautioned observers against projecting human characteristics onto these animals. While technological advancements may help us better understand animal communication, we must avoid assuming that animals think or feel exactly like humans. Their behaviors and vocalizations should be interpreted based on their own behaviors, environments, and social structures. Researchers expect the research to shift humans’ understanding of our place in the natural world, which could help address biodiversity loss. Director of Impact, Jane Lawton, believes that creating an “animal language dictionary” could help develop better conservation strategies and reconnect humanity with overlooked ecosystems. For example, in Canada’s St. Lawrence River, where shipping traffic endangers beluga whales, scientists are using machine learning to decode their vocalizations, helping authorities alert boats and prevent accidents. 18．What is the purpose of the Earth Species Project? A．To build a global database of animal sounds. B．To teach animals to understand human languages. C．To enable humans to engage in cross-species communication. D．To develop a model to study animal habits with the help of AI. 19．Which of the following is a challenge Aza Raskin and his team face? A．Separating individual animal sounds from the environment. B．Training and enhancing language models with the help of AI. C．Recording interactions among animal species in natural world. D．Identifying the similarities between different animal sounds. 20．Which statement will Gail Patricelli probably agree with? A．It is challenging to study animals by using machine learning. B．Technology will allow us to communicate with animals fluently. C．Animal communication should be interpreted in each species' context. D．Human characteristics are the key to understanding animal behaviors. 21．What can we expect of creating an “animal language dictionary”? A．It will help with the protection of animal species. B．It will facilitate the discovery of new species. C．It will assist humans in managing wildlife more effectively. D．It will provide a complete translation of animal vocalizations. Passage 7 （24-25高一下·广东广州·期中）In today’s interconnected world, cross-cultural communication has emerged as a vital skill for encouraging international cooperation and social harmony. Britain, with its centuries-old history of absorbing diverse influences and its current multicultural landscape, serves as an ideal example of how tradition and modernity can coexist to bridge cultural gaps. The roots of British cultural adaptability trace back to ancient times. When the Romans invaded Britain in 55 BC, they not only established management systems but also constructed public facilities such as roads and Hadrian’s Wall-a massive defensive structure marking the northern border of their empire. These innovations not only managed conflicts with Celtic tribe’s but also laid the foundation for future cultural exchanges. Today, this legacy of blending old and new remains evident. For instance, the British Parliament maintains strict dress codes requiring formal suits and robes during sessions, symbolizing respect for tradition. Meanwhile, modern Britain embraced literary festivals and experimental theater productions, reflecting its dynamic engagement with contemporary artistic expression. However, dealing with cultural differences remains challenging. In international business settings, British professionals often prefer building trust through indirect communication and tea-break small talk, while their American counterparts favor straightforward discussions to get straight to the point. Research by the London Business School (2022) reveals that 68% of cross-Atlantic negotiations (谈判) face delays because of these contrasting styles. Americans may regard British politeness as indecision, whereas Britons perceive American directness as impersonal and overly focused only on business deals. Language differences further test cultural sensitivity. A simple phrase like “I’ll consider it” in British English often means a polite refusal, whereas Americans might take it literally as openness to further discussion. Even gestures differ: maintaining eye contact is seen as confident in the U.S. but may be viewed as rude in some British contexts. To address these challenges, educational institutions play a key role. Universities like Oxford and Cambridge now offer courses such as “Global Communication Strategies,” where students role-play negotiation scene’s and analyze case studies of multinational corporations. Such training emphasized empathy (共鸣), active listening, and adapting communication styles to diverse audiences. As globalization continued to erase borders, mastering these skills becomes not just beneficial but essential for building a more inclusive world. 22．What can be known about the purpose of the Romans building Hadrian’s Wall? A．To manage conflicts and control area. B．To display advanced architectural skills. C．To establish trade routed with Celtic tribes. D．To mark the southern border of the Roman Empire. 23．What can be inferred about British and American negotiation style from Paragraph 3? A．Americans prefer indirect communication. B．British negotiators focus on short-term gains. C．Their differences may lead to misunderstandings. D．They both value efficiency over relationship-building. 24．What does the underlined word “impersonal” mean in the context of American negotiators? A．Rude and forceful. B．Distant and formal. C．Casual and humorous. D．Friendly and emotional. 25．What might the author discuss next regarding cross-cultural communication training? A．The history of Roman education systems. B．Specific methods used in intercultural courses. C．What cultural misunderstandings cost the economy. D．How modern technology replaces traditional teaching. 主题02 人与自我 —— 心理健康与情绪管理 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·广东佛山·期中）Imagine you’ve planned a wonderful trip for your family. But rather than being excited, your kids complain about missing an after-school club meeting at a neighbor’s house. Missing the event causes such intense FOMO (fear of missing out) that they don’t want to go on your amazing trip. If this kind of situation sounds familiar, you’re not alone. A recent study finds that FOMO often arises when people miss events with meaningful social connections. It’s not about the dinner or the food - it’s about missing the chance to connect with people who matter to you. Being left out can make you feel disconnected, even worried about losing your status (地位) in the group. Researchers conducted a series of experiments to find simple ways to reduce FOMO. In one experiment, 788 participants were asked to look through their social media until they saw a post of a missed social event. The researchers asked half of these participants to immediately describe how much FOMO they were feeling. The rest followed the same steps, except that before expressing how much FOMO they were feeling, they were asked to think back to a previous experience socializing with their friends. Encouragingly, there was a significant drop in the level of FOMO they reported. Therefore, missing out on social bonding experiences doesn’t have to be anxiety-provoking. In fact, in our activity-packed lives, missing some “must-attend” events may be a welcome relief -especially if you remind yourself that your place with your friends is safe, which has led to a recent wave called JOMO, or “Joy of Missing Out”. According to Stuart Smalley, the self-help expert of a 1990s TV show “Saturday Night Live”, reminding yourself that “I’m good enough, I’m smart enough and people like me!” might be just the trick to lessen FOMO. 26．What may cause FOMO according to the study? A．The absence from fun activities. B．The missing of social connections. C．The change of planned events. D．The misunderstanding of parents. 27．What helps to reduce FOMO in the experiment? A．Reducing time on social media. B．Raising status in the society. C．Recalling moments with friends. D．Describing the level of FOMO. 28．Why does the author mention Stuart Smalley in the last paragraph? A．To offer a way to reduce FOMO. B．To introduce a famous TV show. C．To explain the origin of the concept. D．To show the development of science. 29．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．Feeling FOMO: Causes of Social Anxiety B．Choosing JOMO: Benefits of Missing Out C．Exploring FOMO: Comparing it with JOMO D．Practicing JOMO: Learning to Overcome FOMO / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自然 —— 气候变化与生态适应 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）People around the world are learning to live with climate change, and scientists have discovered animals are also being forced to make adjustments. A new study shows that warm-blooded animals like birds are evolving larger ears, beaks, and legs to release extra body heat as the planet warms. “It’s time we realized animals must adapt to these changes, but this is happening much faster than most evolutionary changes in history,” said Sara Ryding, a bird researcher. “Climate change is putting a lot of pressure on them, and while some species will adapt, others might not survive.” Allen’s Rule is a biological theory that explains how animals’ body shapes adapt to different climates. Animals in warmer regions tend to have longer limbs and larger ears, giving them a higher surface-area-to-volume ratio (比例) , which helps them release heat more easily. In contrast, animals in colder areas have shorter limbs and smaller ears, resulting in a lower surface-area-to-volume ratio that helps them minimize heat loss. For example, Arctic foxes have short, rounded ears to conserve warmth, while desert rabbits have long ears that allow heat to escape, keeping them cool. Ryding said climate change involves many slowly developing factors, making it hard to identify exactly why animals are changing shape. But these changes are appearing worldwide across a wide range of regions, habitats and species, leaving climate change as the most likely explanation. Among all species, shapeshifting has been particularly widely reported in birds. Several Australian parrots’ beaks have grown 4-10% larger since 1871. Next, scientists will scan museum-preserved bird samples using 3D technology to better understand which birds are changing size due to climate change. “Shapeshifting does not mean animals are handling climate change perfectly,” Ryding emphasized. “It just shows they’ re evolving to survive–but these changes, while remarkable, mirror more of a desperate race against climate change than a natural evolutionary process, which could be a warning signal we tend to ignore.” 1．Which of the following statements would Sara Ryding agree with? A．Climate change is occurring as expected. B．Not all species can adapt to climate change. C．Scientists have understood why animals shapeshift. D．Researchers should study animals’ evolutionary cause. 2．What do we know from the theory “Allen’s Rule”? A．Lower surface-area-to-volume ratios enable animals to keep warm. B．Higher surface-area-to-volume ratios are helpful in preserving heat. C．Animals in colder regions have larger ears than those in warmer places. D．Animals in warmer regions have smaller ears than those in colder places. 3．Why will the researchers carry out 3D scans of museum samples? A．To help birds better survive climate change. B．To reduce ecological consequences of climate change. C．To prove birds have a strong ability to survive climate change. D．To see which birds adapt themselves in response to climate change. 4．What’s the author’s attitude towards animals’ shapeshifting? A．Positive B．Confused C．Doubtful D．Concerned 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着全球气候变化，动物也在被迫做出调整，一项新研究表明，像鸟类这样的温血动物正在进化出更大的耳朵、喙和腿，以释放体内多余的热量。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段““It’s time we realized animals must adapt to these changes, but this is happening much faster than most evolutionary changes in history,” said Sara Ryding, a bird researcher. “Climate change is putting a lot of pressure on them, and while some species will adapt, others might not survive.” (鸟类研究人员Sara Ryding说：“我们是时候意识到动物必须适应这些变化了，但这比历史上大多数进化变化发生得快得多。”“气候变化给它们带来了很大的压力，虽然有些物种会适应，但其他物种可能无法生存。”)”可知，Sara Ryding认为并不是所有的物种都能适应气候变化。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Animals in warmer regions tend to have longer limbs and larger ears, giving them a higher surface-area-to-volume ratio (比例) , which helps them release heat more easily. In contrast, animals in colder areas have shorter limbs and smaller ears, resulting in a lower surface-area-to-volume ratio that helps them minimize heat loss. (生活在较温暖地区的动物往往有更长的四肢和更大的耳朵，这使得它们的表面积与体积之比更高，这有助于它们更容易地释放热量。相比之下，生活在较寒冷地区的动物四肢较短，耳朵较小，这使得它们的表面积与体积之比更低，有助于它们减少热量损失)”可知，表面积与体积之比越低，动物越能保暖。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Next, scientists will scan museum-preserved bird samples using 3D technology to better understand which birds are changing size due to climate change. (接下来，科学家们将使用3D技术扫描博物馆保存的鸟类样本，以更好地了解哪些鸟类因气候变化而体型发生变化)”可知，研究人员将对博物馆样本进行3D扫描，以了解哪些鸟类会因气候变化而改变体型。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Shapeshifting does not mean animals are handling climate change perfectly（体型变化并不意味着动物能完美地应对气候变化)”以及“It just shows they’ re evolving to survive–but these changes, while remarkable, mirror more of a desperate race against climate change than a natural evolutionary process, which could be a warning signal we tend to ignore. (这只是表明它们正在进化以生存 —— 但这些变化虽然显著，但更像是一场与气候变化的绝望赛跑，而不是一个自然的进化过程，这可能是一个我们往往忽视的警告信号)”可知，作者对动物体型变化的态度是担忧的。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）Marine scientists have built a robot fish named Bionic Swimmer to save struggling coral(珊瑚)areas. Weighing just 1. 2k g—about as heavy as a thick dictionary—this robot fish moves like a real fish with its soft rubber-like material fins that wave gently. Designed as a hidden observer of the sea, it navigates through coral gardens without frightening marine life. It takes clear pictures of corals that are losing color and checks the water’s temperature and acidity(酸度). Unlike noisy underwater machines that scare sea animals away, Bionic Swimmer fits perfectly with underwater habitats. This robot fish can work nonstop for 12 hours and map fading coral areas 20% faster than human divers. Unlike traditional underwater machines that scare sea life with loud noises, it uses a flexible, fish-like tail to move quietly. During a 2023 mission on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef, it checked risky areas 35% faster by using tiny sensors to check water changes in real time. However, when diving deeper than 50 meters, 40% of its data disappears because water pressure weakens signals—like a text message that doesn’t get delivered. This shows the challenges of exploring the deep sea. To fix this, MIT scientists added light-up to its “skin,” inspired by bioluminescent anglerfish that “talk” with self-made light in dark water. These spots blink like a code to send data upwards. Tests in complete darkness under high pressure showed that this “light language” works 85% of the time. “Deep-sea creatures gave us this smart method,” says project leader Dr. Elena Torres, “especially how bioluminescent animals learned to communicate in darkness.” By 2025, upgraded Bionic Swimmers will use long-distance laser(激光)technology to send real-time warnings from the deepest parts of the ocean. These robotic protectors can keep watch on coral areas all the time, noticing dangerous temperature increases from farther away than current systems. Imagine bright robot fish swimming through a coral area—their new tools sending signals across wide underwater spaces to keep sea life safe! 5．What is the main task of Bionic Swimmer? A．Exploring deep-sea volcanoes. B．Testing ocean material resistance. C．Monitoring coral health secretly. D．Replacing underwater photographers. 6．How does Bionic Swimmer differ from older equipment? A．Diving beyond 100 meters. B．Using solar energy. C．Managing extreme pressure. D．Silent fish-like movement. 7．What does “bioluminescent” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Surviving without oxygen. B．Sensing temperature shifts. C．Producing natural light. D．Hiding from hunters. 8．What is expected to improve performance? A．Expanding signal range. B．Increasing swimming speed. C．Attracting sea creatures. D．Cutting production costs. 【答案】5．C 6．D 7．C 8．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋科学家研发的一款名为Bionic Swimmer的机器人鱼，详细描述了它的设计、功能、工作原理、优势以及面临的挑战和解决方案。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Designed as a hidden observer of the sea, it navigates through coral gardens without frightening marine life. It takes clear pictures of corals that are losing color and checks the water's temperature and acidity(酸度).(作为海洋的“隐形观察者”，它能在珊瑚礁群中穿行而不惊吓海洋生物，可拍摄正在褪色的珊瑚的清晰照片，并监测海水的温度和酸度)”可知，仿生游泳者的主要任务是秘密监测珊瑚健康状况。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Unlike traditional underwater machines that scare sea life with loud noises, it uses a flexible, fish-like tail to move quietly.(它采用灵活的鱼形尾鳍安静游动，不像传统水下机器会因噪音惊扰海洋生物)”可知，仿生游泳者与旧设备的区别在于其像鱼一样的静音移动方式。故选D。 7．词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“To fix this, MIT scientists added light-up to its “skin,” inspired by bioluminescent anglerfish that “talk” with self-made light in dark water.(为解决这一问题，麻省理工学院的科学家受bioluminescent鮟鱇鱼的启发，在机器鱼的“皮肤”上添加了发光点——这类深海鱼类能利用自身产生的光在黑暗的海水中“交流”)”可知，“bioluminescent”指这类鮟鱇鱼能在黑暗的水中用“自身产生的光”交流，因此其含义为“产生自然光”。选项C“Producing natural light(产生自然光)”与此相符。故选C。 8．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“By 2025, upgraded Bionic Swimmers will use long-distance laser (激光) technology to send real-time warnings from the deepest parts of the ocean.(到2025年，升级后的“仿生游泳者”将利用长距离激光技术，从海洋最深处发送实时警报)”可知，未来升级的仿生游泳者将通过长距离激光技术从海洋最深处发送实时警报，解决深海信号传输问题，预期通过扩大信号范围提升性能。故选A。 主题02 人与社会 —— 科技发展与社会影响 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·广东·期中）Every time AI drafts an e-mail or an image, the planet pays for it. Making two images can consume as much energy as charging a smartphone. By 2027, the global AI industry could annually consume as much electricity as the Netherlands. And a new study identifies another concern: generative AI applications alone could add 1.2 million to five million tons of this harmful trash to the planet by 2030. Such a contribution would add to the tens of millions of tons of electronic products the globe abandons annually. Cell phones, computers and other digital products often contain mercury (汞), lead or other poisons. When improperly disposed of, they can pollute air, water and soil. In 2022, about 78% of the world’s e-waste end up in landfills or at unofficial recycling sites, where laborers risk their health to clean up rare metals. The AI boom rapidly consumes data storage devices and high-performance components, which are usually replaced when new versions are available. To calculate the e-waste contribution, researchers examined hardware use, lifespan, and the industry’s growth rate. Their prediction is an estimate that could change based on various factors. This study’s biggest value comes from its attention to AI’s broad environmental impacts, says Shaolei Ren, a researcher at the University of California, Riverside. “We might want AI companies to slow down a bit,” he says. Few countries mandate (强制) the proper disposal of e-waste, and those that do often fail to carry out their existing laws on it. Twenty-five U. S. states have e-waste management policies, but there is no federal law that requires electronics recycling. Thankfully, some companies claim to be taking independent action. Microsoft and Google have committed to reaching net zero waste and net zero emissions respectively by 2030. They have many options to limit e-waste. It’s possible to squeeze more life out of servers, for instance, through regular maintenance and updates or by shifting worn-out devices to less-intensive applications. These strategies are vital to reduce e-waste and benefit society, the study authors estimate. 9．What can be inferred from Paragraph 1? A．The Netherlands consumes too much electricity. B．The disadvantages of AI outweigh the advantages. C．The environmental footprint of AI is alarmingly extensive. D．AI’s energy-related issues largely result from image-making. 10．What is Shaolei Ren’s attitude toward the growth of AI companies? A．Critical. B．Positive. C．Cautious. D．Ambiguous. 11．What is the key to reducing e-waste? A．Adjusting AI application frequency. B．Prioritizing smartphone recycling. C．Banning the overuse of AI completely. D．Adopting device-lifespan-extending measures. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．AI May Worsen the E-waste Crisis B．E-waste Calls for Proper Use of AI C．E-waste Problems Mostly Blame on AI D．AI and E-waste Always Go Hand in Hand 【答案】9．C 10．C 11．D 12．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是人工智能发展带来的电子垃圾问题及其对环境的潜在影响。 9．推理判断题。根据第一段“Every time AI drafts an e-mail or an image, the planet pays for it. Making two images can consume as much energy as charging a smartphone. By 2027, the global AI industry could annually consume as much electricity as the Netherlands. And a new study identifies another concern: generative AI applications alone could add 1.2 million to five million tons of this harmful trash to the planet by 2030.(每次人工智能起草电子邮件或生成图像时，地球都要为此付出代价。生成两张图像所消耗的能量相当于给智能手机充电。到 2027 年，全球人工智能行业每年消耗的电力可能与荷兰相当。一项新的研究发现了另一个问题：仅生成式人工智能应用程序到2030年就可能给地球增加120万至500万吨这种有害垃圾。)”可知，人工智能对环境的影响广泛且令人担忧，其环境足迹非常大。故选C项。 10．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“This study’s biggest value comes from its attention to AI’s broad environmental impacts, says Shaolei Ren, a researcher at the University of California, Riverside. “We might want AI companies to slow down a bit,” he says.(加州大学河滨分校的研究员任少雷表示，这项研究的最大价值在于它关注人工智能对环境的广泛影响。他说：“我们可能希望人工智能公司放慢一点发展速度。”)”可知，任少雷认为人工智能对环境有广泛影响，希望人工智能公司放慢发展速度，他对人工智能公司的发展持谨慎态度。故选C项。 11．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thankfully, some companies claim to be taking independent action. Microsoft and Google have committed to reaching net zero waste and net zero emissions respectively by 2030. They have many options to limit e-waste. It’s possible to squeeze more life out of servers, for instance, through regular maintenance and updates or by shifting worn-out devices to less-intensive applications. These strategies are vital to reduce e-waste and benefit society, the study authors estimate.(值得庆幸的是，一些公司声称正在采取独立行动。微软和谷歌分别承诺到 2030 年实现零垃圾和零排放。他们有很多限制电子垃圾的方法。例如，通过定期维护和更新，或者将陈旧设备用于强度较低的应用程序，可以延长服务器的使用寿命。研究作者估计，这些策略对于减少电子垃圾和造福社会至关重要。)”可知，通过对服务器进行定期维护、更新或把旧设备用于低强度应用等延长设备寿命的措施对减少电子垃圾至关重要。故选D项。 12．主旨大意题。根据首段“And a new study identifies another concern: generative AI applications alone could add 1.2 million to five million tons of this harmful trash to the planet by 2030.(一项新的研究还指出另一个令人担忧的问题：仅生成式AI的应用就可能在2030年前向地球增加120万至500万吨这种有害的垃圾。)”可知，人工智能对环境的影响广泛且令人担忧，结合下文介绍的人工智能产生的电子垃圾对环境带来的影响以及人类对此采取的措施可知，文章主要讲述了人工智能在能耗和电子垃圾方面对环境产生的影响，人工智能会消耗大量电力，产生大量电子垃圾，所以“人工智能可能会加剧电子垃圾危机”概括了文章的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）School dining halls discovered a surprising fact: When students face 6 jam choices, they buy 10 times more than when offered 24 options. This “choice overload,” studied by psychologist Barry Schwartz, now affects teenagers everywhere. From picking school courses to choosing drink flavors, endless options leave teens stressed instead of excited. Schwartz’s research highlights a paradox (矛盾): while freedom of choice seems desirable, too many options often lead to anxiety and indecision, making it harder to take action. Brain science shows why this happens. Too many choices activate the brain’s fear center, triggering feelings of uncertainty, and tire the decision-making area, which handles logical judgments. For example, a 10th grader from a coastal city admits spending 40 minutes daily surfing a video app. “I can’t stop searching for the perfect short video,” he says. This illustrates “decision fatigue (疲劳)”—a mental exhaustion caused by constant small choices. Over time, this takes energy needed for critical tasks like homework or planning future goals. Philosopher Hannah Arendt’s idea about “small evils” from thoughtless actions finds new meaning today. She argued that repetitive, unthinking behaviors could lead to harmful consequences. Modern life mirrors this: endless trivial(琐碎的)decisions—like picking snacks or adjusting photo filters—dull our ability to make meaningful choices. Automatic scrolling replaces deep thinking, much like blindly following orders once normalized harmful historical acts. Arendt’s warning urges us to reflect: Are we losing the capacity to focus on what truly matters? Schools are fighting back. A high school in eastern China reduced elective course dropouts by 55% using “decision cleanliness”—a method offering only 3 options per subject. This approach simplifies choices, allowing students to focus on quality over quantity. As one headmaster explains, “Limiting options reduces stress and helps students commit to their decisions.” Other strategies include simplifying cafeteria menus and setting screen-free time blocks. These practices enable teens to regain mental energy, proving that sometimes, less truly is more. 13．What can be inferred from the school dining hall experiment? A．More choices drive sales. B．Fewer options aid decisions. C．Foreign foods tempt youth. D．Adults decide more quickly. 14．Which term best describes the student’s 40-minute surfing habit? A．Efficient task-switching. B．Schoolwork stress relief. C．Creative content browsing. D．Decision-making fatigue. 15．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Hannah Arendt in paragraph 3? A．Mindless acts cause harm. B．Choices shape actions. C．Habits weaken thinking. D．Reflection prevents mistakes. 16．What solution worked in the eastern China high school? A．Banning smartphone usage. B．Offering limited options. C．Extending decision time. D．Increasing teacher guidance. 【答案】13．B 14．D 15．A 16．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“选择过载”这一现象展开，阐述了这一现象对青少年的影响，产生这一现象的原因以及应对这一现象的策略。 13．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“School dining halls discovered a surprising fact: When students face 6 jam choices, they buy 10 times more than when offered 24 options.(学校食堂发现了一个惊人的事实：当学生面对6种果酱选择时，他们的购买量是提供24种选择时的10倍)”以及“Schwartz’s research highlights a paradox(矛盾): while freedom of choice seems desirable, too many options often lead to anxiety and indecision, making it harder to take action.(Schwartz的研究揭示了一个矛盾：尽管选择的自由看似令人向往，但过多的选项往往会导致焦虑和优柔寡断，使人更难采取行动)”可知，更少的选项反而促进了购买行为，说明选择过载会抑制决策，而精简选项有助于人们更快做出决定。故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“For example, a 10th grader from a coastal city admits spending 40 minutes daily surfing a video app. “I can’t stop searching for the perfect short video,” he says. This illustrates “decision fatigue(疲劳)”—a mental exhaustion caused by constant small choices. Over time, this takes energy needed for critical tasks like homework or planning future goals.(例如，一名来自沿海城市的十年级学生承认，自己每天花40分钟刷视频应用。“我忍不住一直在寻找完美的短视频，”他说。这说明了“决策疲劳”——一种由持续的小选择引起的精神疲惫。久而久之，这种疲劳会消耗完成作业或规划未来目标等重要任务所需的精力)”可知，学生因为不断寻找完美短视频这一持续的小选择导致精神疲惫，对应决策疲劳。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Philosopher Hannah Arendt’s idea about “small evils” from thoughtless actions finds new meaning today. She argued that repetitive, unthinking behaviors could lead to harmful consequences. Modern life mirrors this: endless trivial (琐碎的) decisions—like picking snacks or adjusting photo filters—dull our ability to make meaningful choices. Automatic scrolling replaces deep thinking, much like blindly following orders once normalized harmful historical acts. Arendt’s warning urges us to reflect: Are we losing the capacity to focus on what truly matters?( Hannah Arendt关于“不假思索的行为产生小恶”的观点在今天有了新的意义。她认为，重复性的、缺乏思考的行为可能导致有害后果。现代生活印证了这一点：选择零食或调整照片滤镜等无尽的琐碎决定，削弱了我们做出有意义选择的能力。无意识的滑动屏幕取代了深度思考，就像盲目服从命令曾让历史上的有害行为常态化一样。Arendt的警告敦促我们反思：我们是否正在失去关注真正重要事物的能力？)”可知，第三段提到Arendt的“小恶”观点，指出“重复性、缺乏思考的行为（如无休止的琐碎决策）会导致有害后果”，并以“无意识滑动屏幕”为例说明其削弱深度思考能力。作者引用Arendt的目的是强调不假思索的行为可能带来负面影响。故选A。 16．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Schools are fighting back. A high school in eastern China reduced elective course dropouts by 55% using “decision cleanliness”—a method offering only 3 options per subject. This approach simplifies choices, allowing students to focus on quality over quantity.(学校正在采取应对措施。中国东部一所高中通过“决策精简”（每门学科仅提供3种选项）将选修课退课率降低了55%。这种方法简化了选择，让学生专注于质量而非数量)”可知，该校通过“每门学科仅提供3种选项”的方式减少了退课率，核心措施是限制选项数量。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）People, especially women, have begun to look at travel in a new way in recent years. Instead of waiting for their partners, family or friends to join them in heading out on a new adventure, many women these days are happily going it alone. An example is the private Facebook group Solo Female Travelers, which was started by Meg Jerrard and Mar Pages in 2015. Their plan back then was to “connect women who loved to travel solo”. At first, there were only a few hundred members. Today, nearly 350,000 members from across the globe are in the group. A photo-sharing site called Pinterest notes that in 2024, searches for “solo traveling” have increased by 145%, while a recent survey shows over 59% of travelers plan to travel solo in the coming year. Not only women, but men are also going it alone. And people of all ages are planning to leave literally everything and everyone behind, with some staying not too far from home and others circling the planet for new explorations. “We do an annual survey of our group, and more than 80% of the members agree that solo travel is a choice, and that the lack of a travel partner is not a key motivator. They want more freedom, and they hope to have a break from routines. Also, they explore the world on their own while relaxing and achieving personal growth,” Jerrard explained. Traditionally, cruise companies (邮轮公司) that take adventurers to faraway places always charge solo travelers who use a cabin (舱室) alone extra money, often resulting in the travelers paying nearly the same amount as two people sharing a cabin. But with so many people welcoming the idea of solo travel, that has been one of the first things to fall, as cruise companies rethink their rules. Other travel providers, such as package tour companies and hotels, have also recognized the movement, making unique and detailed changes to satisfy the expectations of solo travelers. While solo traveling isn’t quite perfect yet—think waiters who might ignore solo diners, safety matters, or assumptions from others that “solo travel” means “lonely travel”, this new type of travel has arrived and is here to stay. So, where are you going next on your own? 17．What conclusion can be drawn from the first two paragraphs? A．Most women used to enjoy traveling in groups. B．Social media plays an important role in tourism. C．Women are more creative than men when traveling. D．Traveling alone is becoming more and more popular. 18．What is the main reason for people who travel alone? A．The love for going off the beaten track. B．The need for developing independence. C．The efforts to find like-minded friends. D．The desire to have more personal space. 19．Why are travel providers mentioned in Paragraph 4? A．To indicate travel depends on different elements. B．To show they are meeting solo travelers’ demands. C．To ask the tourism industry to improve its services. D．To point out the difficulties of welcoming solo travelers. 20．What is the author’s attitude towards traveling alone? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Worried. D．Doubtful. 【答案】17．D 18．D 19．B 20．A 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了独自旅行（尤其是女性独自旅行）变得越来越流行的现象。 17．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Instead of waiting for their partners, family or friends to join them in heading out on a new adventure, many women these days are happily going it alone.(如今，许多女性不再等待伴侣、家人或朋友加入她们的冒险，而是欣然接受独自出行。)”和第二段“A photo-sharing site called Pinterest notes that in 2024, searches for “solo traveling” have increased by 145%, while a recent survey shows over 59% of travelers plan to travel solo in the coming year.(图片分享网站指出，2024年“独自旅行”的搜索增加了145%，而最近一项调查显示，超过59%的旅行者计划在来年独自旅行。)”可知，越来越多的人选择独自旅行，因此独自旅行变得越来越流行。故选D。 18．细节理解题。根据文章第三段““We do an annual survey of our group, and more than 80% of the members agree that solo travel is a choice, and that the lack of a travel partner is not a key motivator. They want more freedom, and they hope to have a break from routines. Also, they explore the world on their own while relaxing and achieving personal growth,” Jerrard explained.( Jerrard解释道：“我们每年都会对群组成员进行调查，超过80%的成员认为独自旅行是一种选择，而不是因为缺乏旅伴而不得不独自出行，他们想要更多的自由，希望从日常琐事中解脱出来。而且，他们在放松的同时，通过自己的方式探索世界，实现个人成长。”)”可知，人们独自旅行的主要原因是渴望拥有更多的个人空间和自由。故选D。 19．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Other travel providers, such as package tour companies and hotels, have also recognized the movement, making unique and detailed changes to satisfy the expectations of solo travelers.(其他旅游服务提供商，也认识到了这一趋势，并做出了独特而细致的调整，以满足独自旅行者的期望。)”等内容可知，本段前文提到，随着独自旅行的兴起，邮轮公司、旅游公司和酒店等旅游服务提供商开始调整规则和服务，以满足独自旅行者的需求。因此，提及这些提供商是为了说明他们也正在满足独自旅行者的需求。故选B。 20．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“While solo traveling isn’t quite perfect yet — think waiters who might ignore solo diners, safety matters, or assumptions from others that “solo travel” means “lonely travel”, this new type of travel has arrived and is here to stay.(尽管独自旅行还不完全完美——比如服务员可能会忽视独自用餐的旅客，安全问题或其他人认为“独自旅行”等于“孤独旅行”的假设——但这种新型旅行方式已经到来，并将持续发展。)”可知，作者认为独自旅行方式已经到来并将继续存在，因此作者对独自旅行持积极态度。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25高一下·广东东莞·期中）If you’ve ever cooked a complex meal with someone, you know the level of cooperation required. American researchers recently showed that in a virtual kitchen, artificial intelligence (AI) learned how to cooperate with a human just by watching humans work together. There are some ways researchers have already trained AI to work with people. Many approaches involve reinforcement learning, where an AI interacts with an environment online — which can include other AIs or humans — and is rewarded for making decisions that lead to desired outcomes. Google Deep Mind’s program Alpha Go, for example, learned the board game Go using reinforcement learning. But starting training an AI from zero to interact with people through complete trial and error can waste a lot of time and can be risky. Another choice is to train one AI to model human behavior, and then use that as a tireless human replacement for another AI to learn to interact with. Researchers have used this method in a simple game. But repeating human behavior in more complex settings can be difficult. Thus in the study, researchers used offline reinforcement learning — a method for developing strategies by analyzing recorded behavior rather than through real-time interaction. Previously, offline reinforcement learning had been used mostly to help virtual robots move or to help AIs solve mazes (迷宫), but here it was applied to the tricky problem of working with humans. Instead of learning by interacting with people, this AI learned by watching human interactions. “The research work introduces a way for AI to learn to team up with humans, without even practicing with us. It could help improve human-AI interactions.” Says Nikolaidis, director of a lab. In the future, humans will increasingly work with AI, both online and in the physical world. Sometimes we’ll want an AI to silently guide our choices and strategies, like a good teammate who knows our weaknesses. “It solves an important problem — how AI can learn to work with people.” says Nikolaidis. 21．What is the function of reinforcement learning in the passage? A．It’s how AI learned to work with people B．It’s how researchers helped AI learn cooking. C．It’s how Google Deep Mind developed AlphaGo. D．It’s how AI got rewards for making correct choices. 22．What is the advantage of offline reinforcement learning? A．It relies on real-time interaction. B．It helps AI learn by interacting with people. C．It takes less time and has less danger. D．It is realized through mistakes and corrections. 23．What is AI expected to do in the future? A．To cook a complex meal on its own. B．To point out our weaknesses directly. C．To offer voiceless guidance sometimes. D．To solve difficult problems for humans. 24．What is the text mainly about? A．AI learns cooperation by practicing. B．AI learns cooking from humans. C．AI learns cooking without humans’ help. D．AI learns teamwork by watching humans. 【答案】21．A 22．C 23．C 24．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能通过观察人类合作学会与人类团队合作。 21．细节理解题。根据第二段中“There are some ways researchers have already trained AI to work with people. Many approaches involve reinforcement learning, where an AI interacts with an environment online — which can include other AIs or humans — and is rewarded for making decisions that lead to desired outcomes. (研究人员已经通过一些方法训练AI与人类共同工作。许多方法都涉及强化学习，即AI在一个在线环境中与其他AI或人类进行交互，并因做出导致期望结果的决策而获得奖励。)”可知，强化学习的作用是AI学会能如何与人的合作。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But starting training an AI from zero to interact with people through complete trial and error can waste a lot of time and can be risky. (但是，从零开始训练一个人工智能，通过完全的试错来与人互动，可能会浪费大量时间，而且具有风险。)”以及第四段中“Thus in the study, researchers used offline reinforcement learning — a method for developing strategies by analyzing recorded behavior rather than through real-time interaction. (因此，在这项研究中，研究人员使用了离线强化学习——一种通过分析记录的行为而不是通过实时互动来制定策略的方法。)”可知，离线强化学习的优势是节省时间且危险性小。故选C。 23．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Sometimes we’ll want an AI to silently guide our choices and strategies, like a good teammate who knows our weaknesses. (有时我们希望人工智能能默默地指导我们的选择和策略，就像一个了解我们弱点的优秀队友。)”可知，未来人工智能有望在某些时候提供无声的指导。故选C。 24．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“American researchers recently showed that in a virtual kitchen, artificial intelligence (AI) learned how to cooperate with a human just by watching humans work together. (美国研究人员最近发现，在一个虚拟厨房中，人工智能（AI）仅通过观察人类合作的过程，就学会了如何与人类协作。)”可知，本文主要讲述的是人工智能通过观察人类学会团队合作。故选D。 Passage 5 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）Public health data signals a genuine crisis in adolescent mental health: rising rates of anxiety, depression and hopelessness. But as we worry about teens who are struggling, we can’t ignore another mounting effect-the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an “always on” world. We have studied teens and tech for over a decade. Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from people they know and friends-of-friends. And it’s not just staying connected — it’s keeping up with what others post, too. Social media platforms thus make it technically possible to maintain more relationships than ever before. The result is an overwhelming wave of social information. It’s especially intense for adolescents whose sensitivities drive them to care deeply about what their peers are doing and thinking. Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled into photo selection, editing and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time, which differs from one relationship to another. Replying too quickly can be seen as over-eager, especially when the friendship is new or not close. But when it’s a close friend, taking too long to reply might make them feel hurt. Technologies have transformed how friendships develop. Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are ignored by adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools. and other parts of society. 25．What makes teenagers’ networks continue to expand? A．The expectation to be kind. B．The requests of their parents. C．The need to meet more people. D．The burden of living independently. 26．What does the author think of being a good friend in the age of social media? A．Exciting B．Challenging C．Time-saving D．Life-changing 27．What will the author most likely discuss in the next paragraph? A．Tips for teenagers to improve interpersonal skills. B．Suggestions for teenagers to better use social media. C．Ways for parents to help reduce teenagers’ social burdens. D．Strategies for parents to limit their children’s social media usage. 28．Which of the following is the best title of this passage? A．The difficult choice: Likes or loneliness? B．Teens’ crisis: The dark side of social media C．Always online: How screens transform teen brains D．The unseen pressure: Teen friendships on social media 【答案】25．A 26．B 27．C 28．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的。 25．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from people they know and friends-of-friends.(他们的社交网络不断扩大，很大程度上是因为人们认为，保持友善意味着接受那些他们认识的人以及朋友的朋友所提出的请求)”可知，让青少年的社交网络不断扩大的是友善的预期。故选A。 26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled into photo selection, editing and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time, which differs from one relationship to another.(在社交媒体时代，想要成为“好朋友”会带来巨大的压力。友谊需要公开的支持和幕后的支持。甚至在社交媒体帖子发布之前，亲密的朋友也会被卷入照片的选择、编辑和最终审核环节。此外，他们还需要以恰当的方式在恰当的时间作出回应，而这会因不同的人际关系而有所不同)”可知，在社交媒体时代做一个好朋友是具有挑战性的。故选B。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Technologies have transformed how friendships develop. Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are ignored by adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools. and other parts of society.(技术改变了友谊的形成方式。社交媒体增加了成为好朋友所要承担的种种责任。很多时候，这些变化对青少年造成了巨大的影响，而这些影响却被成年人所忽视。而这一切都应该在家长、学校和社会其他方面的帮助下得到改变)”可知，作者在接下来的段落中最有可能讨论父母帮助减轻青少年社会压力的方法。故选C。 28．主旨大意题。根据第二段“We have studied teens and tech for over a decade. Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from people they know and friends-of-friends. And it’s not just staying connected — it’s keeping up with what others post, too.(我们对青少年与科技的关系的研究已经持续了近十年。他们的社交网络不断扩大，很大程度上是因为人们有一种观念，即待人友善意味着接受他们认识的人以及朋友的朋友所发出的请求。而且这不仅仅是保持联系这么简单——还包括关注他人所发布的内容)”以及文章主要讲的是社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的，可知D选项“隐形的压力：青少年在社交媒体上的友谊”最符合文章标题。故选D。 Passage 6 （24-25高一下·广东江门·期中）Last summer, two nineteenth-century cottages were rescued from remote farm fields in Montana, to be moved to an Art Deco building in San Francisco. The houses were made of wood. These cottages once’ housed early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil; now they hold Twitter engineers. The cottages could be an example of the industry’s unusual love for “low technology”, a concept associated with the natural world, and with old-school craftsmanship (手艺) that exists long before the Internet era. Low technology is not virtual — so, to take advantage of it, Internet companies have had to get creative. The rescued wood cottages, fitted by band in the late eighteen-hundreds, are an obvious example. Other companies are using a broader interpretation (阐释) of low technology that focuses on nature. Amazon is building three glass spheres filled with trees, so that employees can “work and socialize in a more natural, park-like setting.” At Google’s office, an entire is carpeted in glass. Facebook’s second Menlo Park campus will have a rooftop park with a walking path. Olle Lundberg, the founder of Lundberg Design, has worked with many tech companies over the years. “Our tech engineers are the ones who feel impoverished, because they’re surrounded by the digital world,” he says. “We’ve found that introducing real crafts is one way to regain their individual identity.” This craft-based theory is rooted in history. William Morris, the English artist and writer, turned back to pre-industrial arts in the eighteen-sixties, just after Industrial Revolution. The Arts and Crafts movement defined itself against machines. “Without creative human occupation, people became disconnected from life.” Morris said. Research has shown that natural environments can restore our mental abilities. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forest-bathe”, taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure. These health benefits apply to the workplace as well. Rachel Kaplvin, a professor of environmental psychology, has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural environment. Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office-even simple views of trees and flowers-felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying. If low-tech offices can potentially benefit the brains and improve the mental health of employees then, fine, bring on the cottages. 29．Why does the writer mentions the two nineteenth-century cottages? A．To show Twitter is having a hard time. B．To show old cottages are in need of protection. C．To show us early settlers once suffered from a dry climate in Montana. D．To show Internet companies have rediscovered the benefits of low technology. 30．Low technology is regarded as something that ______ A．is related to nature B．is out of date today C．uses too much energy D．exists in the virtual world 31．What is the writer’s attitude to “low technology”? A．critical B．positive C．worried D．doubtful 32．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Past Glories, Future Dreams B．The Virtual World, the Real Challenge C．High-tech Companies, Low-tech Offices D．The More Craftsmanship, the Less Creativity 【答案】29．D 30．A 31．B 32．C 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。这篇短文讲述的是关于现代科技公司运用“大自然对人们创造力产生作用”的理念，积极创设原生态的办公环境。这里提到的低科技指的是工业化之前的建造技术，它更贴近自然。在自然的办公环境下，职员们不会感到有压力，对他们的健康是有好处的。 29．推理判断题。根据第一段“now they hold Twitter engineers.(现在，Twitter工程师在里面工作)”和第二段“The cottages could be an example of the industry’s unusual love for “low technology”, a concept associated with the natural world, and with old-school craftsmanship (手艺) that exists long before the Internet era.(这些别墅可能是该行业对“低技术”的不同寻常的热爱的一个例子，这是一个与自然世界有关的概念，与互联网时代之前很久就存在的老派工艺有关)”可知，作者提到这两幢19世纪的村舍是为了表明，互联网公司重新发现了低技术的好处。故选D。 30．推理判断题。根据第二段“The cottages could be an example of the industry’s unusual love for “low technology”, a concept associated with the natural world, and with old-school craftsmanship (手艺) that exists long before the Internet era.(这些别墅可能是该行业对“低技术”的不同寻常的热爱的一个例子，这是一个与自然世界有关的概念，与互联网时代之前很久就存在的老派工艺有关)”可知，“低科技”跟大自然有关，即在一个天然的环境下。故选A。 31．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Research has shown that natural environments can restore our mental abilities. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forest-bathe”, taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure.(研究表明，自然环境可以恢复我们的心智能力。在日本，病人被鼓励“森林浴”，在树林里散步以降低血压)”可知，作者对于“低技术”的态度是积极的。故选B。 32．主旨大意题。这篇文章中作者告诉我们，现代的高科技公司需要有创造力，要充分的利用以前的低技术，创设更加原生态的办公环境。文中第三段与第四段举例，现代高科技的办公室运用“low technology”。且“low technology”是文章的中心词。故用C项“高科技的公司，低技术的办公室”作为题目是最合适的。故选C。 Passage 7 （24-25高一下·广东茂名·期中）AI-powered chatbots (聊天机器人) are getting pretty good at identifying some diseases, but how do chatbots do when things are less black and white? For example, how long should a patient stop taking blood thinners before an operation? Should a patient’s treatment change if they’ve had harmful reactions to similar medicine in the past? These questions don’t have a textbook right or wrong answer — it’s up to doctors to use their opinions. Researcher Jonathan H. Chen and his team have been exploring whether AI-powered chatbots could effectively answer such questions, and whether doctors supported by chatbots would perform better. The team designed a trial to study clinical reasoning performance in three groups: the chatbot alone, 46 doctors with chatbots’ support, and 46 doctors with access only to Internet search and medical references. They selected five patient cases and gave them to three groups, all of whom were expected to provide a written response that detailed what they would do in each case, and why, and what they considered when making the decision. In addition, the researchers invited a group of authoritative (权威的) doctors to create scoring standards. The decisions from three groups were then scored according to the standards. To the team’s surprise, the chatbot outperformed the doctors who had access only to the Internet and medical references, selecting more items on the scoring standards than the doctors did. But the doctors who were paired with chatbots kept up with the chatbot alone. What exactly drove the doctor-chatbot cooperation (合作)is up for debate. “Does using chatbots force doctors to be more thoughtful about the case? Or are chatbots providing guidance that the doctors wouldn’t have thought of on their own? That needs to be explored,” Chen said. “The positive outcomes for chatbots and doctors paired with chatbots are in AI’s favor.” Chen added, “This doesn’t mean patients should skip (跳过) the doctors and go directly to chatbots. Don’t do that.” 33．What did the researchers want to find out through the research? A．If chatbots could offer reliable advice like doctors do. B．In which case chatbots could replace doctors. C．When doctors could outperform AI-powered chatbots. D．Why patients preferred chatbots over doctors. 34．How did the researchers conduct their research? A．By conducting a survey among doctors. B．By asking authoritative doctors. C．By having doctors compete with chatbots. D．By using chatbots to lead doctors. 35．What do we know from the research? A．Doctors without chatbots’ support performed the best. B．Chatbots did as well as the doctors with chatbots’ support. C．Chatbots performed worse than doctors with Internet access. D．Doctors armed with chatbots performed worse than chatbots. 36．What is Chen’s attitude to the use of chatbots in clinical field? A．Careful. B．Positive. C．Negative. D．Unclear. 【答案】33．A 34．C 35．B 36．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了研究人员探究AI聊天机器人能否有效回答医学问题，以及医生在聊天机器人辅助下的表现。通过实验发现聊天机器人表现出色，与聊天机器人合作的医生表现也不错，但医生和聊天机器人合作效果好的原因有待研究。 33．细节理解题。根据第二段“Researcher Jonathan H. Chen and his team have been exploring whether AI-powered chatbots could effectively answer such questions, and whether doctors supported by chatbots would perform better.(研究员乔纳森·H·陈及其团队一直在研究基于人工智能的聊天机器人是否能够有效地回答此类问题，以及由聊天机器人辅助的医生是否能有更好的表现)”可知，研究人员想知道聊天机器人能否像医生一样提供可靠建议，故选A。 34．细节理解题。根据第三段“In addition, the researchers invited a group of authoritative (权威的) doctors to create scoring standards. The decisions from three groups were then scored according to the standards.(此外，研究人员还邀请了一组权威医生来制定评分标准。然后，根据这些标准对三组人员的决策进行评分)”以及倒数第二段“To the team’s surprise, the chatbot outperformed the doctors who had access only to the Internet and medical references, selecting more items on the scoring standards than the doctors did. But the doctors who were paired with chatbots kept up with the chatbot alone.(令该团队惊讶的是，聊天机器人的表现优于仅能使用互联网和医学参考资料的医生，它在评分标准上选择的项目比这些医生更多。但与聊天机器人配对的医生与仅使用聊天机器人的医生表现相当)”可知，研究人员通过让医生与聊天机器人进行竞争来进行这项研究。故选C。 35．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But the doctors who were paired with chatbots kept up with the chatbot alone.(但与聊天机器人配对的医生与仅使用聊天机器人的医生表现相当)”可知，在有聊天机器人协助的情况下，医生的表现与聊天机器人的表现相当。故选B。 36．推理判断题。根据最后一段“This doesn’t mean patients should skip (跳过) the doctors and go directly to chatbots. Don’t do that.(这并不意味着患者应该跳过医生直接使用聊天机器人。千万不要这么做)”可知，他对聊天机器人在临床领域的使用持谨慎态度，故选A。 主题03 人与自然 —— 自然探索 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·广东·期中）Almost every mother has said it: Wear a jacket, or you’ll catch a cold! Is she right? Probably not. Staying in the moderate (适度的) cold temperature for a short time doesn’t increase your chances of getting an infection (感染). There are two reasons why winter is a cold and flu season. In winter, people spend more time indoors, in closer contact with other people who can pass on the germs (细菌). Also the virus stays in the air longer when air is cold and less wet. But researchers remain interested in this question in different populations. Some experiments with mice suggest that staying in the cold temperature might reduce their ability to deal with infection. But what about humans? Scientists have performed experiments in which volunteers were briefly in the cold water or spent short periods of time in sub-freezing temperatures. They’ve studied people who lived in Antarctica and those exploring in Canada. The results have been mixed. For example, researchers recorded an increasing upper respiratory infections in competitive cross-country skiers who do more exercise in the cold, but whether these infections are due to the cold or other things — such as the intense exercise or the dryness of the air — is not known. A group of Canadian researchers have reviewed hundreds of medical studies on the subject and conducted some of its own research. They conclude that there’s no need to worry about moderate cold — it has no harmful effect on the human immune (免疫的) system. Should you wear quite warm clothes when it’s cold outside? The answer is yes if you feel uncomfortable, or if you’re outdoors for a long period of time. But don’t worry about immunity. 41．For what reason does the author mention every mother’s saying? A．To stress the importance of wearing warm clothes. B．To appreciate mothers’ reasonable views. C．To prove the new finding. D．To lead in a topic. 42．Why are some cross-country skiers infected? A．There are no definite reasons. B．They do too much intense exercise. C．There are no warm clothes to wear. D．They stay long in the dry environment. 43．What can be concluded from the experiment with the mice? A．They tend to be infected if they are hungry. B．They can be badly affected by very cold weather. C．They prefer a warmer environment to a cooler one. D．They might be adapted to changing weather quickly. 44．What does the last paragraph concentrate on? A．How can people properly do outdoor exercise? B．What can have an effect on the human immune system? C．Under what conditions should people be dressed in warm clothes? D．In what way can people prevent infections when staying outdoors? 【答案】41．D 42．A 43．B 44．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了寒冷天气与感冒之间的关系，以及不同研究对于该问题的探索和结论。 41．推理判断题。根据第一段“Almost every mother has said it: Wear a jacket, or you’ll catch a cold! Is she right? Probably not. Staying in the moderate (适度的) cold temperature for a short time doesn’t increase your chances of getting an infection (感染). There are two reasons why winter is a cold and flu season. In winter, people spend more time indoors, in closer contact with other people who can pass on the germs ( 细菌). Also the virus stays in the air longer when air is cold and less wet.(几乎每个母亲都说过：穿件夹克，否则你会感冒的！她是对的吗？可能不对。在中等低温的环境中短暂停留并不会增加感染的几率。冬天是感冒和流感的季节有两个原因。在冬天，人们花更多的时间在室内，与其他可以传播细菌的人有更密切的接触。此外，当空气寒冷和不那么潮湿时，病毒在空气中停留的时间更长)” 可知，作者提及母亲们常说的话是为了引出寒冷天气与感冒关系这一话题。故选D。 42．细节理解题。根据第二段 “For example, researchers recorded an increasing upper respiratory infections in competitive cross-country skiers who do more exercise in the cold, but whether these infections are due to the cold or other things — such as the intense exercise or the dryness of the air — is not known.(例如，研究人员记录到，在寒冷环境中进行更多锻炼的越野滑雪运动员上呼吸道感染增多，但这些感染是由于寒冷还是其他原因 —— 如剧烈运动或空气干燥 —— 尚不清楚)” 可知，越野滑雪者被感染的原因并不明确。故选A。 43．推理判断题。根据第二段 “Some experiments with mice suggest that staying in the cold temperature might reduce their ability to deal with infection.(一些对老鼠的实验表明，处于寒冷的温度中可能会降低它们应对感染的能力)” 可推知，寒冷天气可能会对老鼠产生不良影响。故选B。 44．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Should you wear quite warm clothes when it’s cold outside? The answer is yes if you feel uncomfortable, or if you’re outdoors for a long period of time.(当外面很冷的时候，你应该穿很暖和的衣服吗？如果你感到不舒服，或者你在户外待很长时间，答案是肯定的。)” 可知，最后一段主要讨论了人们在什么情况下应该穿暖和的衣服。故选C。 主题01 人与社会 —— 数字时代的社会现象与文化适应 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·广东佛山·期中）When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all. They could dress their avatars in fancy clothes, or they could try being someone of the opposite sex, and call themselves “Andy” instead of “Anna”! When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people, not just their friends, they started having more than one avatar: a sensible one for work; a friendly, good-looking one for meeting people; and a silly one for having fun. Avatars let you express yourself and they give you lots of room for creativity. Of course, the avatar you choose says a lot about your personality. If your blog avatar is a picture of a cute cat, your message is “I like relaxing and having fun”. Well-known cartoon characters or laughing monkeys say “I’m a really funny person”. Most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and that look more or less like them and act like them. However, nearly all avatars are tall, young and nice-looking, so people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life. They also experiment with things like different hairstyles — which says a lot, perhaps, about what they want to look like. 1．Why do some users create more than one avatar? A．To develop creativity in expression. B．To adapt to different social contexts. C．To go along with common practices. D．To avoid being recognized by friends. 2．What can we know about avatars from Paragraph 2? A．They can show users’ personalities. B．They can influence users’ characters. C．They can improve users’ social skills. D．They can uncover users’ true identities. 【答案】1．B 2．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述虚拟形象（avatars）如何允许用户创建与真实自我不同的身份，用于表达个性和创造力，并通过美化外观（如年轻、好看）来反映或理想化用户的个性。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people, not just their friends, they started having more than one avatar: a sensible one for work; a friendly, good-looking one for meeting people; and a silly one for having fun.(当互联网用户意识到他们的虚拟形象会被众多用户看到，而不仅仅是他们的朋友时，他们便开始拥有不止一个虚拟形象：一个用于工作的实用形象；一个用于与人交流、外表友善且帅气的形象；还有一个用于娱乐、显得滑稽的形象)”可知，有些用户会创建多个虚拟形象是为了适应不同的社交环境。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Of course, the avatar you choose says a lot about your personality.(当然，你所选择的虚拟形象能很大程度上反映出你的个性)”可知，虚拟形象能够展现用户的个性。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·广东佛山·期中）In an age where digital products are everywhere, the term “screen time” has been discussed widely. Screen time seems easy to understand: It’s simply the time spent on digital products. But grouping all digital activities together misses how different types of screen use affect people. In our research, we divide screen time into four broad groups: educational use, work-related use, social interaction and entertainment. And we study how they relate to health outcomes such as stress, depression and loneliness. Screen use has both benefits and drawbacks, depending on how and why it is used. Online classes may improve problem-solving skills, but screen-based learning often contributes to poorer memory. Workplace screen time increases productivity through working together online, but using it too long may lead to stress. Similarly, screen use for social connection helps people interact with others, which can improve health outcomes, but endless social media scrolling (滚屏) can bring social comparison and loneliness. Likewise, while screen use for entertainment provides relaxation and stress relief, too much screen use may reduce well-being by limiting time for other meaningful activities. Screen time affects people differently based on factors like mood, social setting, and family environment. Your emotions before and during screen use can shape your experience. Positive interactions can lift your mood, while loneliness might deepen with certain online activities. The social context (情境) of screen use also matters. Watching a movie with family strengthen relationships, while using screens alone can increase feelings of loneliness, especially when it replaces face-to-face interactions. Family influence plays a role, too. For example, parents’ screen habits affect their children’s screen behavior, and planned parental guidance can help reduce overuse. Therefore, understanding screen use requires a more specific method than tracking the amount of time people spend on their screens. For policymakers, this means making rules that move beyond one-size-fits-all limits. The rules should match different activities and each person’s needs. For the rest of us, this awareness encourages a digital diet that balances online and offline activities for happiness. 3．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The effects of screen use in various situations. B．The challenges of screen use in everyday tasks. C．The influences of digital products on people’s habits. D．The differences between online and offline activities. 4．What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A．Family activities will replace screen time. B．Frequent screen use will bring bad feelings. C．Social setting will affect screen time outcomes. D．Parental habits will reduce children’s screen use. 5．What does the author suggest policymakers do? A．Control online activities. B．Limit people’s screen time. C．Promote an offline lifestyle. D．Apply personalized digital rules. 【答案】3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要探讨屏幕时间的分类、影响及管理策略。文章将屏幕时间分为教育、工作、社交和娱乐四类，分析其利弊，并指出影响因素（情绪、社交环境、家庭），最后呼吁制定个性化规则平衡数字生活。 3．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Screen use has both benefits and drawbacks, depending on how and why it is used. Online classes may improve problem-solving skills, but screen-based learning often contributes to poorer memory. Workplace screen time increases productivity through working together online, but using it too long may lead to stress. Similarly, screen use for social connection helps people interact with others, which can improve health outcomes, but endless social media scrolling (滚屏) can bring social comparison and loneliness. Likewise, while screen use for entertainment provides relaxation and stress relief, too much screen use may reduce well-being by limiting time for other meaningful activities.(屏幕的使用既有好处也有弊端，这取决于其使用的方式和原因。在线课程可能会提高解决问题的能力，但基于屏幕的学习往往会导致记忆力下降。在工作场所，屏幕使用通过在线协作来提高工作效率，但使用时间过长可能会导致压力。同样，用于社交联系的屏幕使用有助于人们与他人互动，这可以改善健康状况，但无休止地浏览社交媒体可能会带来社会比较和孤独感。同样地，虽然用于娱乐的屏幕使用能带来放松和压力缓解的效果，但过度使用屏幕可能会因限制其他有意义活动的时间而降低幸福感)”可知，第二段主要讲了不同情况下屏幕使用所产生的影响。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“The social context (情境) of screen use also matters. Watching a movie with family strengthen relationships, while using screens alone can increase feelings of loneliness, especially when it replaces face-to-face interactions.(屏幕使用的社会环境也很重要。与家人一起观看电影能够增进彼此之间的关系，而独自使用屏幕则会让人感到更加孤独，尤其是当它取代了面对面的交流时)”可知，社会环境会影响屏幕使用时间所产生的影响。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据最后一段“For policymakers, this means making rules that move beyond one-size-fits-all limits. The rules should match different activities and each person’s needs.(对于政策制定者而言，这意味着制定超越“一刀切”限制的规则。这些规则应当适用于不同的活动，并且要考虑到每个人的需求)”可知，作者建议政策制定者采用个性化的数字规则。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·广东广州·期中）What comes to mind when you hear the term “classical music”? For some, it’s just relaxing background music; for others, it touches something deep within their hearts. In fact, classical music is full of layers and surprises, so there are countless ways to enjoy it. As a music teacher, I encourage everyone to try “conscious listening” — paying full attention to uncover the fun and creativity hidden in the music. The first step to a conscious listening experience is learning mindfulness: being fully attentive in the moment. Mindfulness is more than letting the sound wash over us; it’s about opening up to the big picture with a nonjudgmental mind, which in the long term enhances our capacity for complex concepts and problem-solving, leading to better judgment and decisions. Finding mindfulness in daily life is not always easy. An audience member whispering or flipping pages from a booklet during a live performance can throw the musicians off and frustrate others. Noise pollution and social media also create disturbance to our listening powers that can threaten our health, gradually increasing our anxiety and emotional disconnection. Breathwork is one of the most common methods of developing mindfulness. A better way to ease in is to first engage emotionally with rich music. Then, allow the flow of energy to lead to tension and release, creating expectation and then fulfilling it, naturally causing inhales (吸气) and exhales after multiple listens. This is exactly what listening to musical harmony (和声) does. Research shows that music pleasure emerges from the interaction between our expectation of upcoming sound through our reward system and the actual pleasing sound itself. Forget easygoing simple background music. Try following the multiple voices in J. S. Bach’s compositions that inspire mental calm and clarity through their interactions. Or sense the emotional tension and release patterns in the harmonies of Sergei Rachmaninoff. Classical music demands a higher level of awareness and offers richer rewards. Then, the surrounding noise melts away. Listening to music can feel like having a companion on a journey who is guiding you through each moment of mindfulness. It is easier to become mindful when focusing on the flow of the music instead of seeking absolute quiet. 6．How does long-term mindfulness practice benefit listeners? A．By enhancing relaxation effects. B．By improving social interaction. C．By increasing musical appreciation. D．By strengthening advanced reasoning skills. 7．What major challenge to mindful listening is highlighted in paragraph 3? A．A critic mentality about music. B．The capacity for complex concepts. C．Performers inappropriate behaviors. D．Distractions from noise and technology. 8．Why does the author recommend Bach and Rachmaninoff’s works? A．They are universally considered easygoing music. B．Their works are the most accessible for beginners. C．They represent the most technically demanding pieces. D．Their compositions best demonstrate emotional patterns. 9．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To enable music listeners to engage deeply. B．To highlight the advantages of mindfulness. C．To convey personal views on classical music. D．To introduce a new method for concentration. 【答案】6．D 7．D 8．D 9．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何通过“有意识的聆听”来深入体验古典音乐的魅力。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mindfulness is more than letting the sound wash over us; it’s about opening up to the big picture with a nonjudgmental mind, which in the long term enhances our capacity for complex concepts and problem-solving, leading to better judgment and decisions.(正念不仅仅是让声音冲刷我们；它是关于以一种不评判的心态去打开全局，从长远来看，它能增强我们处理复杂概念和解决问题的能力，从而带来更好的判断和决策)”可知，长期的正念练习能增强听众的高级推理能力。故选D。 7．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Noise pollution and social media also create disturbance to our listening powers that can threaten our health, gradually increasing our anxiety and emotional disconnection.(噪音污染和社交媒体也会对我们的听力造成干扰，从而威胁我们的健康，逐渐增加我们的焦虑和情感隔阂)”可知，第三段强调了噪音和技术对专注聆听的干扰这一主要挑战。故选D。 8．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Try following the multiple voices in J. S. Bach’s compositions that inspire mental calm and clarity through their interactions. Or sense the emotional tension and release patterns in the harmonies of Sergei Rachmaninoff.(试着跟随巴赫作品中的多个声部，它们通过相互作用激发心灵的平静和清晰。或者感受谢尔盖·拉赫玛尼诺夫和声中的情感张力和释放模式)”可知，作者推荐巴赫和拉赫玛尼诺夫的作品是因为他们的作品最能体现情感模式。故选D。 9．推理判断题。根据第一段中“As a music teacher, I encourage everyone to try “conscious listening” — paying full attention to uncover the fun and creativity hidden in the music.(作为一名音乐教师，我鼓励每个人都尝试“有意识的聆听”——全神贯注地去发现音乐中隐藏的乐趣和创造力)”以及下文对“有意识的聆听”的介绍可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是让音乐听众能够深入参与。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）The rapid growth of online platforms is seriously impacting video rental stores. With increasing Internet speeds, downloading movies has become convenient. In 2012, some websites landed in the UK and a stream of streamers followed, resulting in the near-total disappearance of video rental stores. However, it wasn’t always like this. After the Video Home System (VHS) came to the UK in the late 1970s, a number of video rental stores showed up. One of the world’s leading video rental chains opened its first British branch in South London in 1989. At its height, there were more than 800 branches in the UK. For years, these shops could be seen everywhere. The remaining owners remember this golden age of rental well. “On a weekend, we would have six staff and it would be continuous service. But when affordable DVDs came into play, the scene changed.” AllStar Video owner Colin Richards recalls. Snips’ owner, Dave Wain, is among a small group of movie supporters who refuse to let video rental fade to black. Alongside Snips, just two other original video rental stores still stand. The stores offer something extra. “We can come in for a DVD and spend a good half hour meeting different people and chatting about films,” one customer called Andrew says. “Every person who rents a film from us gives us a review of it when they bring it back. We really appreciate it.” says Wain. Standing in Snips, there are two great joys. First, the decision-making process: the arrangement of DVD covers draws the eyes in a way that online movies cannot match. Then, there’s something truly magical about physical media: the process of taking out a DVD, the artwork, and the DVD menus make viewers truly enjoy themselves. Can video rental stores really still survive, or even enjoy a comeback? After all, the streaming sites also face problems down the line with higher subscription fees (订阅费) and their new advertising plans. Plus, all the owners of these rental stores are now experiencing a growing crowd coming in, longing for physical videos. 10．What was the UK’s video rental industry like in the late 20th century? A．It grew rapidly across the country. B．It mainly focused on foreign films. C．It faced challenges from technology. D．It struggled to develop in North London. 11．What does the underlined phrase “fade to black” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Introduce new services. B．Replace online shops. C．Gradually disappear. D．Change its form. 12．What extra advantage do the rental stores offer according to Andrew and Wain? A．Personalized film recommendations. B．Chances of community interaction. C．Regular in-store film viewings. D．The online ordering system. 13．Which is Snips’ main strategy to attract customers? A．Providing discounts on ordering services. B．Inviting local artists to design the store. C．Hosting film-themed social gatherings. D．Creating a unique physical experience. 【答案】10．A 11．C 12．B 13．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了英国录像租赁行业的兴衰变迁。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“After the Video Home System (VHS) came to the UK in the late 1970s, a number of video rental stores showed up.(20世纪70年代末，家用录像系统（VHS）进入英国后，出现了许多录像租赁店)”可知，20世纪后叶，英国的录像租赁行业迅速发展。故选A。 11．词句猜测题。根据画线短语后一句“Alongside Snips, just two other original video rental stores still stand.(除了Snips，只有另外两家原创视频租赁店仍然存在)”可知，Snips和另外两家原创视频租赁店仍然存在。由此可推测出，Snips店主不想让录像租赁消失，fade to black表义为“褪成黑色”，这里表示的是“慢慢消失”。故选C。 12．推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“The stores offer something extra.(这些店提供额外的东西)”和第四段““We can come in for a DVD and spend a good half hour meeting different people and chatting about films,” one customer called Andrew says. “Every person who rents a film from us gives us a review of it when they bring it back. We really appreciate it.” says Wain.(一位名叫Andrew的顾客说：“我们可以进来买一张DVD，花半个小时与不同的人见面，聊电影。”Wain说：“每个从我们这里租电影的人在带回来时都会给我们一个电影评价。我们真的很感激。”)”可知，在录像租赁店里，顾客们可以与不同的人见面，聊电影，给店主电影反馈。由此可推测出，录像租赁店提供了交流的机会。故选B。 13．推理判断题。根据第五段“Standing in Snips, there are two great joys. First, the decision-making process: the arrangement of DVD covers draws the eyes in a way that online movies cannot match. Then, there’s something truly magical about physical media: the process of taking out a DVD, the artwork, and the DVD menus make viewers truly enjoy themselves.(站在Snips中，有两大乐趣。首先，决策过程：DVD封面的陈列以一种在线电影无法比拟的方式吸引眼球。然后，实体媒体有一些真正神奇的东西：取出DVD的过程、艺术品和DVD菜单让观众真正享受其中)”可知，Snips让顾客欣赏DVD封面陈列，体验取出光盘的过程、艺术品和菜单设计等，这些都对应独特的实体体验。故选D。 Passage 5 （24-25高一下·广东·期中）Behind the enthusiastic song of an all male choir lies a force that is better known for shaping the lives of hopeful frogs and crickets, research suggests. Recordings of a top boys’ choir, once directed by Johann Sebastian Bach in Germany, reveal that the more mature boys in the group boosted their voices when girls were appreciating their performances. The effect, seen only among the older singers, aged 16 to 19, is thought to be similar behaviour more often observed in frogs and crickets, which enhance their individual calls to stand out from the crowd during mate-attracting choruses. “The boys’ singing sounds more brilliant and has a more attractive quality when girls are in the audience, but it is subtle,” said Keller, a professor who led the work at the centre for music in the brain at a university in Denmark. Keller and his colleagues learned up with a well-known choir in Germany after a student and former member of the choir mentioned that the boys boosted their voices in a barely noticeable manner when female audience members were present. Sound analysis of the boys singing a song composed by Bach found that, in the presence of girls aged 15 to 16, the boy’s improved their vocal brilliance and carried power by putting more energy. But it was unclear whether people, as opposed to sensitive sound devices, could detect the shift in voices, and if they could, whether the resulting sound was more or less appealing because of the enhanced singer’s performance. To find out, the researchers ran two online studies in which 2, 247 male and female volunteers listened to recordings of the boys singing with and without girls in the audience. While both male and female participants showed a difference between the two performances, only female volunteers preferred the boosted singing. “It’s really hard to tell,” Keller said. Details are published in a journal. For the recordings, the boys performed once before an all-male audience and a second time when a group of teenage girls joined the front row on the pretence of being on a school trip. In interviews after the concert, the boys felt they sang better in front of the girls but none admitted trying to attract their attention. According to the scientists, the findings suggest choir singing is a special form of social communication where cooperation and competitiveness, the latter potentially motivated by the opposite sex, can exist alongside one another. “You have a group of people working together, said Keller, “but at the same time individually having this parallel channel of communication, sending out the competitive signal saying: pick me!” 14．What drives the mature boys to sing better? A．Their directors. B．Their audience. C．The frogs. D．The crickets. 15．What does the underlined word “subtle” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Brilliant. B．Competitive. C．Unforgettable. D．Unnoticeable. 16．How did Keller’s team carry out the research? A．By observing the singers. B．By studying online documents. C．By doing field research. D．By conducting studies online. 17．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Cooperation or competition B．Force behind boy’s choir C．Research into the choir D．The audience effect 【答案】14．B 15．D 16．D 17．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一项关于男童合唱团在异性听众面前表现更佳现象的研究及其背后潜在的生物学和社会行为意义。 14．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Recordings of a top boys’ choir, once directed by Johann Sebastian Bach in Germany, reveal that the more mature boys in the group boosted their voices when girls were appreciating their performances.(由约翰・塞巴斯蒂安・巴赫曾指导过的一个顶尖男孩合唱团的录音显示，当女孩们欣赏他们的表演时，合唱团中更成熟的男孩会提高他们的音量。)”可知，当有女孩欣赏他们的表演时，较为成熟的男孩会提高他们的嗓音，唱得更好，所以是观众（女孩）促使这些成熟男孩唱得更好。故选B项。 15．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Keller and his colleagues learned up with a well-known choir in Germany after a student and former member of the choir mentioned that the boys boosted their voices in a barely noticeable manner when female audience members were present.( 在一名学生兼该合唱团前成员提到男孩们在有女性观众在场时会以一种几乎不易察觉的方式提高嗓音后，凯勒和他的同事联系上了德国一个著名的合唱团。)”以及第三段“But it was unclear whether people, as opposed to sensitive sound devices, could detect the shift in voices(但尚不清楚的是，人们是否能像高灵敏度的声音设备一样，察觉到声音的变化。)”可知，男孩们在女孩面前提升嗓音的方式几乎不被注意到，所以划线单词的意思与“不明显的，难以察觉的”意义相近。故选D项。 16．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“To find out, the researchers ran two online studies in which 2, 247 male and female volunteers listened to recordings of the boys singing with and without girls in the audience.(为了找出答案，研究人员进行了两项在线研究，2247 名男女志愿者分别听了有女孩观众和没有女孩观众时男孩们演唱的录音。)”可知，Keller的团队是通过开展在线研究，让志愿者听男孩在不同观众情况下演唱的录音来进行研究的。故选D项。 17．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Behind the enthusiastic song of an all male choir lies a force that is better known for shaping the lives of hopeful frogs and crickets, research suggests. Recordings of a top boys’ choir, once directed by Johann Sebastian Bach in Germany, reveal that the more mature boys in the group boosted their voices when girls were appreciating their performances.(研究表明，在一支全由男性组成的合唱团热情洋溢的歌声背后，隐藏着一种更常见于塑造青蛙和蟋蟀生命的神秘力量。研究中分析了一支曾由约翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴赫在德国指导的顶尖男童合唱团的录音，结果显示，年龄较大的男孩（16至19岁）在有女孩欣赏他们表演时，会不自觉地提高自己的声音。)”以及下文中对该项研究的介绍可知，文章主要讲述了研究发现男孩合唱团在有女孩观众时，年龄较大的男孩会提升嗓音，且这种现象背后的原因以及研究过程，所以“男孩合唱团背后的力量”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。 Passage 6 （24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）The Earth Species Project (ESP) is a U.S.-based non-profit organization dedicated to decoding (解码) animal communication using AI. Its global research team is studying the vocalization patterns (发声模式) of specific animals, such as beluga whales, crows, and zebra finches, while also developing a general “foundation model” for animal communication, similar to ChatGPT for human communication. The goal is to make it possible for humans to communicate with other species, or at least understand their communication, by 2030. According to Aza Raskin, co-founder and president of the Earth Species Project, the project is now facing challenges in its research efforts. While large language models can be trained on vast amounts of Internet data, this project must collect specific recordings from various animal species. Analyzing animal data is complicated, as distinguishing single animal vocalizations from a noisy environment is challenging. However, the organization believes that as it gathers more recordings and improves its models, clearer patterns will appear — eventually enabling us to infer “meaning” from the data based on their similarities, even without fully understanding the context behind the sounds. Gail Patricelli, an animal behavior professor at the University of California, has witnessed significant advancements in the use of machine learning in bioacoustics (生物声学). While she believes that ESP holds promise for improving animal communication “dictionaries”, especially for species that are hard to access, she cautioned observers against projecting human characteristics onto these animals. While technological advancements may help us better understand animal communication, we must avoid assuming that animals think or feel exactly like humans. Their behaviors and vocalizations should be interpreted based on their own behaviors, environments, and social structures. Researchers expect the research to shift humans’ understanding of our place in the natural world, which could help address biodiversity loss. Director of Impact, Jane Lawton, believes that creating an “animal language dictionary” could help develop better conservation strategies and reconnect humanity with overlooked ecosystems. For example, in Canada’s St. Lawrence River, where shipping traffic endangers beluga whales, scientists are using machine learning to decode their vocalizations, helping authorities alert boats and prevent accidents. 18．What is the purpose of the Earth Species Project? A．To build a global database of animal sounds. B．To teach animals to understand human languages. C．To enable humans to engage in cross-species communication. D．To develop a model to study animal habits with the help of AI. 19．Which of the following is a challenge Aza Raskin and his team face? A．Separating individual animal sounds from the environment. B．Training and enhancing language models with the help of AI. C．Recording interactions among animal species in natural world. D．Identifying the similarities between different animal sounds. 20．Which statement will Gail Patricelli probably agree with? A．It is challenging to study animals by using machine learning. B．Technology will allow us to communicate with animals fluently. C．Animal communication should be interpreted in each species' context. D．Human characteristics are the key to understanding animal behaviors. 21．What can we expect of creating an “animal language dictionary”? A．It will help with the protection of animal species. B．It will facilitate the discovery of new species. C．It will assist humans in managing wildlife more effectively. D．It will provide a complete translation of animal vocalizations. 【答案】18．C 19．A 20．C 21．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了ESP组织正通过机器学习的AI技术收集动物的交流信息解密动物语言，以帮助人类更好地了解动物，保护动物。 18．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The goal is to make it possible for humans to communicate with other species, or at least understand their communication, by 2030.(其目标是到2030年使人类与其他物种交流成为可能，或者至少理解它们的交流)”可知，ESP的目的是让人类能够和其他物种进行交流，故选C。 19．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Analyzing animal data is complicated, as distinguishing single animal vocalizations from a noisy environment is challenging.(分析动物数据是复杂的，因为从嘈杂的环境中区分单个动物的叫声是具有挑战性的)”可知，Aza Raskin及其团队面临的挑战是将单个动物的声音与环境区分开来，故选A。 20．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Their behaviors and vocalizations should be interpreted based on their own behaviors, environments, and social structures.(它们的行为和发声应该根据他们自己的行为、环境和社会结构来解释)”可知，Gail Patricelli认为动物的行为和发声应该根据他们自己的行为、环境和社会结构来解释，因此推知他会同意C项观点“动物之间的交流应该在每个物种的背景下进行解释”，故选C。 21．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Director of Impact, Jane Lawton, believes that creating an ‘animal language dictionary’ could help develop better conservation strategies and reconnect humanity with overlooked ecosystems.(Impact组织的负责人Jane Lawton认为，创建一本‘动物语言词典’可以帮助制定更好的保护策略，并将人类与被忽视的生态系统重新联系起来)”可知，创建“动物语言词典”可以帮助保护动物，故选A。 Passage 7 （24-25高一下·广东广州·期中）In today’s interconnected world, cross-cultural communication has emerged as a vital skill for encouraging international cooperation and social harmony. Britain, with its centuries-old history of absorbing diverse influences and its current multicultural landscape, serves as an ideal example of how tradition and modernity can coexist to bridge cultural gaps. The roots of British cultural adaptability trace back to ancient times. When the Romans invaded Britain in 55 BC, they not only established management systems but also constructed public facilities such as roads and Hadrian’s Wall-a massive defensive structure marking the northern border of their empire. These innovations not only managed conflicts with Celtic tribe’s but also laid the foundation for future cultural exchanges. Today, this legacy of blending old and new remains evident. For instance, the British Parliament maintains strict dress codes requiring formal suits and robes during sessions, symbolizing respect for tradition. Meanwhile, modern Britain embraced literary festivals and experimental theater productions, reflecting its dynamic engagement with contemporary artistic expression. However, dealing with cultural differences remains challenging. In international business settings, British professionals often prefer building trust through indirect communication and tea-break small talk, while their American counterparts favor straightforward discussions to get straight to the point. Research by the London Business School (2022) reveals that 68% of cross-Atlantic negotiations (谈判) face delays because of these contrasting styles. Americans may regard British politeness as indecision, whereas Britons perceive American directness as impersonal and overly focused only on business deals. Language differences further test cultural sensitivity. A simple phrase like “I’ll consider it” in British English often means a polite refusal, whereas Americans might take it literally as openness to further discussion. Even gestures differ: maintaining eye contact is seen as confident in the U.S. but may be viewed as rude in some British contexts. To address these challenges, educational institutions play a key role. Universities like Oxford and Cambridge now offer courses such as “Global Communication Strategies,” where students role-play negotiation scene’s and analyze case studies of multinational corporations. Such training emphasized empathy (共鸣), active listening, and adapting communication styles to diverse audiences. As globalization continued to erase borders, mastering these skills becomes not just beneficial but essential for building a more inclusive world. 22．What can be known about the purpose of the Romans building Hadrian’s Wall? A．To manage conflicts and control area. B．To display advanced architectural skills. C．To establish trade routed with Celtic tribes. D．To mark the southern border of the Roman Empire. 23．What can be inferred about British and American negotiation style from Paragraph 3? A．Americans prefer indirect communication. B．British negotiators focus on short-term gains. C．Their differences may lead to misunderstandings. D．They both value efficiency over relationship-building. 24．What does the underlined word “impersonal” mean in the context of American negotiators? A．Rude and forceful. B．Distant and formal. C．Casual and humorous. D．Friendly and emotional. 25．What might the author discuss next regarding cross-cultural communication training? A．The history of Roman education systems. B．Specific methods used in intercultural courses. C．What cultural misunderstandings cost the economy. D．How modern technology replaces traditional teaching. 【答案】22．A 23．C 24．B 25．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国文化适应性的根源，英美谈判风格差异及语言和手势的文化差异，并提及了跨文化交流培训的重要性。 22．细节理解题。根据第二段中“When the Romans invaded Britain in 55 BC, they not only established management systems but also constructed public facilities such as roads and Hadrian’s Wall-a massive defensive structure marking the northern border of their empire. These innovations not only managed conflicts with Celtic tribe’s but also laid the foundation for future cultural exchanges.(公元前55年，罗马人入侵英国时，他们不仅建立了管理体系，还修建了道路和哈德良长城等公共设施——哈德良长城是一个巨大的防御工事，标志着罗马帝国北部的边界。这些创新不仅管理了与凯尔特部落的冲突，还为未来的文化交流奠定了基础)”可知，罗马人建造哈德良长城的目的是管理冲突和控制地区。故选A。 23．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Research by the London Business School (2022) reveals that 68% of cross-Atlantic negotiations (谈判) face delays because of these contrasting styles. Americans may regard British politeness as indecision, whereas Britons perceive American directness as impersonal and overly focused only on business deals.(伦敦商学院(2022年)的研究显示，68%的跨大西洋谈判因为这些截然不同的风格而面临延迟。美国人可能认为英国人的礼貌是优柔寡断，而英国人则认为美国人的直接是不近人情，过于专注于商业交易)”可推知，英国人和美国人的谈判风格差异可能导致误解。故选C。 24．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Americans may regard British politeness as indecision, whereas Britons perceive American directness as impersonal and overly focused only on business deals. (美国人可能会认为英国人的礼貌是优柔寡断，而英国人则认为美国人的直率是impersonal，而且过于只关注商业交易)”以及上下文语境可知，这里是在对比英美谈判风格的差异，故画线词意思是“不近人情的，冷漠的”。A. Rude and forceful.粗鲁的和有力的；B. Distant and formal.冷漠的和正式的；C. Casual and humorous.随意的和幽默的；D. Friendly and emotional.友好的和情绪化的。故选B。 25．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“To address these challenges, educational institutions play a key role. Universities like Oxford and Cambridge now offer courses such as “Global Communication Strategies,” where students role-play negotiation scene’s and analyze case studies of multinational corporations. Such training emphasized empathy (共鸣), active listening, and adapting communication styles to diverse audiences.(为了应对这些挑战，教育机构发挥着关键作用。牛津大学和剑桥大学等高校现在开设了“全球沟通策略”等课程，学生们在其中扮演谈判场景，分析跨国公司的案例研究。这种培训强调同理心、积极倾听，以及根据不同的受众调整沟通方式)”可推知，作者接下来可能会讨论跨文化交流培训中使用的具体方法。故选B。 主题02 人与自我 —— 心理健康与情绪管理 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·广东佛山·期中）Imagine you’ve planned a wonderful trip for your family. But rather than being excited, your kids complain about missing an after-school club meeting at a neighbor’s house. Missing the event causes such intense FOMO (fear of missing out) that they don’t want to go on your amazing trip. If this kind of situation sounds familiar, you’re not alone. A recent study finds that FOMO often arises when people miss events with meaningful social connections. It’s not about the dinner or the food - it’s about missing the chance to connect with people who matter to you. Being left out can make you feel disconnected, even worried about losing your status (地位) in the group. Researchers conducted a series of experiments to find simple ways to reduce FOMO. In one experiment, 788 participants were asked to look through their social media until they saw a post of a missed social event. The researchers asked half of these participants to immediately describe how much FOMO they were feeling. The rest followed the same steps, except that before expressing how much FOMO they were feeling, they were asked to think back to a previous experience socializing with their friends. Encouragingly, there was a significant drop in the level of FOMO they reported. Therefore, missing out on social bonding experiences doesn’t have to be anxiety-provoking. In fact, in our activity-packed lives, missing some “must-attend” events may be a welcome relief -especially if you remind yourself that your place with your friends is safe, which has led to a recent wave called JOMO, or “Joy of Missing Out”. According to Stuart Smalley, the self-help expert of a 1990s TV show “Saturday Night Live”, reminding yourself that “I’m good enough, I’m smart enough and people like me!” might be just the trick to lessen FOMO. 26．What may cause FOMO according to the study? A．The absence from fun activities. B．The missing of social connections. C．The change of planned events. D．The misunderstanding of parents. 27．What helps to reduce FOMO in the experiment? A．Reducing time on social media. B．Raising status in the society. C．Recalling moments with friends. D．Describing the level of FOMO. 28．Why does the author mention Stuart Smalley in the last paragraph? A．To offer a way to reduce FOMO. B．To introduce a famous TV show. C．To explain the origin of the concept. D．To show the development of science. 29．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．Feeling FOMO: Causes of Social Anxiety B．Choosing JOMO: Benefits of Missing Out C．Exploring FOMO: Comparing it with JOMO D．Practicing JOMO: Learning to Overcome FOMO 【答案】26．B 27．C 28．A 29．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了 FOMO（害怕错过）这一现象产生的原因，通过实验说明缓解 FOMO 的方法，还提到了与之相关的 JOMO（错过的快乐），并给出减少 FOMO 的建议。 26．细节理解题。根据第二段“A recent study finds that FOMO often arises when people miss events with meaningful social connections.(最近一项研究发现，当人们错过具有有意义社交联系的活动时，FOMO（害怕错过）这种情绪常常会出现)” 可知，错过社交联系可能会导致 FOMO。故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据第三段“The rest followed the same steps, except that before expressing how much FOMO they were feeling, they were asked to think back to a previous experience socializing with their friends. Encouragingly, there was a significant drop in the level of FOMO they reported.(其余的人遵循了相同的步骤，只是在表达他们感受到多少 FOMO 之前，他们被要求回想之前与朋友社交的经历。令人鼓舞的是，他们报告的 FOMO 程度显著下降)” 可知，在实验中，回忆与朋友相处的时刻有助于减少 FOMO。故选C。 28．推理判断题。根据最后一段“According to Stuart Smalley, the self-help expert of a 1990s TV show “Saturday Night Live”, reminding yourself that “I’m good enough, I’m smart enough and people like me!” might be just the trick to lessen FOMO.(20 世纪 90 年代电视节目《周六夜现场》的自助专家斯图尔特・斯莫利认为，提醒自己 “我足够优秀，我足够聪明，而且人们喜欢我！”，或许正是减轻 “害怕错过” 情绪的诀窍)” 可知，作者提到斯图尔特・斯莫利是为了提供一种减少 FOMO 的方法。故选A。 29．主旨大意题。文章开头通过事例引出 FOMO 现象，接着介绍其产生原因，通过实验说明减少 FOMO 的方法，还提到与之相关的 JOMO，并给出减少 FOMO 的建议，整体围绕如何克服 FOMO 展开。选项 D“践行 JOMO：学会克服 FOMO”，为最佳标题，故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $