专题02 阅读理解 记叙文（期中真题汇编）高二英语下学期人教版

专题02 阅读理解 记叙文 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·陕西永寿县中学·期中） Can you sing in different voices? Chinese singer Zhou Shen can do this. The 27-year-old has become more popular after appearing on the TV show Singer. On the show, he sang a song in five different voices including the voice of a little girl, a king and a young man. He records in his unusual ways - he has performed in his bedroom twice due to the novel coronavirus outbreak - but also with his singing itself. Zhou’s road to success was not easy. He loved singing when he was a little boy. However, his voice didn’t change like other boys during puberty (青春期). It still sounded like a girl’s voice. His classmates laughed at him and he dared not sing in public. But his love of music made him stronger. Producer Gao Xiaosong said Zhou has “come out of the cocoon (茧) and become a butterfly”. It has taken Zhou a long time to do so. While studying in Ukraine, he learned Ukrainian, Russian, Italian and Polish. He can sing Let It Go in nine different languages. He started to sing on TV talent shows and gradually came to accept himself. At 17, he first sang online without showing his face. Some people fell in love with it. On one of his birthdays, he agreed to show his face. However, when they found out that he was a man, some of them made fun of him. Zhou felt bad about this, but later he got the chance to sing the theme song to the movie Big Fish and Begonia which turned out to be a big success. “I accept my voice,” Zhou said. “It is good as long as it is natural and honest.” Zhou Shen doesn’t just sing well. He is also humorous. He has a nice personality (性格) and is friendly to his fans. Some people call him “treasure boy”. 1. What did Zhou Shen do on the TV show Singer? A. He won first place in the program. B. He made a record in his bedroom. C. He sang a song in different sounds. D. He performed a show in five languages. 2. Why did Zhou Shen’s voice sound like a girl’s? A. An accident changed his voice. B. He wanted to be different from others. C. His voice didn’t change during puberty. D. He practiced singing like his favorite singer. 3. People call Zhou Shen “treasure boy” because of his ________. A. rich life B. popular songs C. love for music D. personalities and talent 4. What is the purpose of the text? A. To present Zhou Shen’s songs. B. To show Zhou Shen’s road to success. C. To explain Zhou Shen’s special voice. D. To introduce Zhou Shen’s new movie. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了歌手周深的成名之路。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段“On the show, he sang a song in five different voices including the voice of a little girl, a king and a young man. (在选秀中，他用五种不同的声音演唱一首歌，包括小女孩的声音、国王的声音和年轻男子的声音.)”可知，在表演中，周深用了不同的嗓音唱歌。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段“However, his voice didn’t change like other boys during puberty. (然而，他的嗓音不像其他处于青春期的男孩一样有所改变。). ”可知，周深的嗓音能如女孩一样的原因在于他没有变声。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。最后一段“Zhou Shen doesn’t just sing well. He is also humorous. He has a nice personality and is friendly to his fans. Some people call him ‘treasure boy’. (周深不仅唱歌好。他也很幽默，性格好，对粉丝友善。一些人称他为“宝藏男孩”。)”由此可知人们称周深为“宝藏男孩”是因为他的音乐天分和他的性格。故选D项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。本文从周深特殊的音色出发，介绍了他是如何一步步变成了著名歌手，并受到人们的喜爱。所以是在介绍周深如何走向成功的。故选B项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·福建莆田十五中·期中） Suppose I were to ask you to name some of the greatest nurses that the world has ever known. Chances are you will give me the name of Florence Nightingale, the wealthy woman who gave off her everything to serve the needy people of her time and become a nurse. She’s still pictured today as she was in the Crimean War (克里米亚战争) of 1853, carrying a lamp from sickbed to sickbed where she tended to the wounded, and that is how she earned herself the title of “The Lady With The Lamp”. Born on May 12th, 1820, she was a genius who spoke multiple languages and pioneered the concepts of statistical analysis that are still used today. Her parents were different, too. They were super-wealthy, and actually cared about the education of their two daughters. This came as a surprise because at that time, being born with two X chromosomes (染色体) was the high road to a life full of knitting and taking care of a household but her father was really dedicated to his two daughters. Education for women at that time was still at its earliest but Florence got the best education possible. On February 5, 1837, the teenage Florence declared that she had had a vision and God had commanded her to end suffering in this world and this is when she joined Nursing. Both of her parents disagreed with that, considering that at that time nursing was looked down upon. Florence over the next 12-13 years tried convincing her parents, but they didn’t give in. Aged 29, she even refused suitors (求婚者) to focus on her nursing career which at that time was non-existent. When Florence turned 30, her dad was completely worn out from resisting and then sent her to Germany for nursing training. In 1853 her dream was completely realized and she undertook a job in London at a hospital. 1. Why was Nightingale called “The Lady With The Lamp”? A. She was the greatest nurse in the world. B. She attended the Crimean War in 1853. C. She took a lamp to take better pictures. D. She tirelessly cared for the wounded carrying a lamp. 2. What can be inferred about Nightingale’s father according to paragraph 2? A. He was strict with his two daughters. B. He believed women should stay at home. C. He placed a high value on education. D. He objected to his daughter’s becoming a nurse. 3. How is the passage developed? A. By making comparisons. B. By listing reasons. C. By following time order. D. By listing examples. 4. Which of the following can best describe Nightingale? A. Selfless and determined. B. Caring and mean. C. Serious and stubborn. D. Optimistic and knowledgeable. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了南丁格尔作为世界著名护士的故事，以及她为了成为护士克服家庭阻力，奉献自己一生的伟大事迹。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“She’s still pictured today as she was in the Crimean War (克里米亚战争) of 1853, carrying a lamp from sickbed to sickbed where she tended to the wounded, and that is how she earned herself the title of “The Lady With The Lamp”.(时至今日，人们仍能看到她在1853年克里米亚战争中的照片，她拿着一盏灯从一张病床走到另一张病床，照顾伤员，这就是她为自己赢得“提灯女士”称号的原因)”可知，南丁格尔被称为“提灯女士”，是因为她在夜间提着灯不知疲倦地照顾伤者。故选D。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“They were super-wealthy, and actually cared about the education of their two daughters(他们家境非常富裕，实际上非常重视两个女儿的教育)”可知，南丁格尔的父亲非常重视女儿的教育。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Born on May 12th, 1820”根据第三段“On February 5, 1837”，根据第四段“Aged 29”以及“In 1853”可知，文章按照时间顺序介绍了南丁格尔的成长历程以及她成为护士的过程。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Chances are you will give me the name of Florence Nightingale, the wealthy woman who gave off her everything to serve the needy people of her time and become a nurse. She’s still pictured today as she was in the Crimean War (克里米亚战争) of 1853, carrying a lamp from sickbed to sickbed where she tended to the wounded, and that is how she earned herself the title of “The Lady With The Lamp”.(很有可能你会告诉我弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔的名字，一个富有的女人，她把自己的一切都奉献给了那个时代需要帮助的人，并成为了一名护士。时至今日，人们仍能看到她在1853年克里米亚战争中的照片，她拿着一盏灯从一张病床走到另一张病床，照顾伤员，这就是她为自己赢得“提灯女士”称号的原因)”和倒数第二段“Florence over the next 12-13 years tried convincing her parents, but they didn’t give in.(在接下来的12到13年里，弗洛伦斯试图说服她的父母，但他们没有屈服)”和最后一段“Aged 29, she even refused suitors (求婚者) to focus on her nursing career which at that time was non-existent.( 29岁时，她甚至拒绝了追求者专注于她当时并不存在的护理事业)”可知，南丁格尔是无私的并且决心坚定的。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·广东东莞七市·期中） When it comes to the most famous 20th century painters of the United States, Grandma Moses should be mentioned, although she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies. As she once said to herself, “I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me”. No one could have had a more active old age. She was born on a farm in New York State, one of five boys and five girls. At 12 she left home and was in domestic service until at 27 she married Thomas Moses, the hired hand of one of her employers. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. She had ten children, of whom five survived; her husband died in 1927. Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery (刺绣) pictures as a hobby, but only changed to oils in old age because her hands became too stiffto sew and she still wanted to keep busy and pass the time Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought all that she painted. Three of the pictures were exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930's and her death, she produced some 2,000 pictures: careful and lively portrayals (描写) of the country life she had known for so long, with a wonderful sense of color and form. "I think really hard till I think of something really pretty, and then I paint it" she said. 1. What can we learn about Moses? A. She stopped painting in her late seventies. B. She still led an active life when she was old. C. Her marriage life was not happy. D. She painted oils as a child. 2. What did Grandma Moses spend most of her life doing? A. Embroidering. B. Farming. C. Nursing. D. Painting. 3. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Grandma Moses and Her Farm Life. B. Grandma Moses: the Best Woman Painter in the world. C. Grandma Moses and Her Exhibition. D. Grandma Moses: A Famous Woman Painter of 20th Century. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了 20 世纪美国著名画家摩西奶奶，讲述了她的生平经历，包括出身、婚姻、生活劳作，以及晚年开始绘画并取得成就的过程。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“As she once said to herself, “I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me”. No one could have had a more active old age. (正如她曾对自己说：“我绝不会坐在摇椅上，等着别人来帮我”。没有人能有比她更积极的晚年生活了。)” 可知，摩西奶奶年老时依然过着积极的生活。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“They farmed most of their lives,first in Virginia and then in New York State,at Eagle Bridge. (他们一生大部分时间都在务农，先是在弗吉尼亚州，然后在纽约州的鹰桥。)” 可知，摩西奶奶一生大部分时间都在务农。故选B。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“When it comes to the most famous 20th century painters of the United States,Grandma Moses should be mentioned,although she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies. (说到 20 世纪美国最著名的画家，就不得不提到摩西奶奶，尽管她直到七十多岁才开始作画。)”可知，短文介绍了 20 世纪美国著名画家摩西奶奶，讲述了她的生平经历，包括出身、婚姻、生活劳作，以及晚年开始绘画并取得成就的过程。所以短文的标题为“摩西奶奶：20 世纪的著名女画家”。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·湖南衡阳四中·期中） Zheng He was one of China’s most famous explorers (探险家). Towards the end of the fourteenth century, his fleet (舰队) sailed to countries far away. Zheng He had over 300 ships, some of which were over 150 meters long, and could carry up to 1, 000 people. Besides, the ships carried gold, silver, silk, china and other treasures to give as gifts to the rulers of other countries. Some ships even had earth on board so that the sailors could grow their crops for food. On Zheng He’s first voyage, he set sail across the Indian Ocean. His fleet travelled many days far away from land. One day, they were hit by a storm. All the sailors thought the fleet was going to sink (下沉). Then a strange light appeared and after that, the storm passed. The strange light was probably electricity from the thunderstorm (雷雨), but the sailors in Zheng He’s fleet believed it was a sign of protection from the gods. With the belief, they were happy to follow Zheng He wherever he led them. Zheng He completed seven famous voyages between 1405 and 1433. He visited many countries in Asia and Africa. He brought back many gifts from the countries he visited, such as medicines, pearls (珍珠) and strange animals. The most famous of them were a giraffe and a zebra. In 28 years of travelling, Zheng He had managed to share the glory of China with many different countries. When he died in 1435, the stories of his travels made him one of China’s most famous sailors. 1. Some ships carried earth on board so that the sailors could________. A. use it as a gift B. use it for exchange C. plant trees for shade D. grow their own crops for food 2. The sailors were happy to follow Zheng He because of________. A. his leadership B. his fame C. the belief in gods’ protecting them D. a heavy storm 3. The most famous gifts Zheng He brought back were________. A. a monkey and a tiger B. a giraffe and a zebra C. gold and silver D. medicines and pearls 4. The best title of the passage can be___________. A. The Glory of China B. Zheng He’s Life C. Zheng He and His Voyages D. China’s Most Famous Explorers 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了中国古代探险家郑和和他的航行经历。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Some ships even had earth on board so that the sailors could grow their crops for food.(有些船甚至在船上装了泥土，这样水手们就可以种庄稼吃了)”可知，有些船会携带泥土，这样船员可以种庄稼作为食物，故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The strange light was probably electricity from the thunderstorm (雷雨), but the sailors in Zheng He’s fleet believed it was a sign of protection from the gods. With the belief, they were happy to follow Zheng He wherever he led them.(这种奇怪的光很可能是雷雨产生的电力，但郑和船队的水手们认为这是神明保护的标志。有了这个信念，他们很乐意跟随郑和，无论他带领他们到哪里)”可知，船员们很开心跟着郑和，是因为他们认为有神明护佑他们，故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The most famous of them were a giraffe and a zebra.(其中最有名的是长颈鹿和斑马)”可知，郑和带回的礼物中最著名的是长颈鹿和斑马，故选B。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段“In 28 years of travelling, Zheng He had managed to share the glory of China with many different countries. When he died in 1435， the stories of his travels made him one of China’s most famous sailors.(在28年的旅行中，郑和成功地与许多不同的国家分享了中国的荣耀。当他于1435年去世时，他的旅行故事使他成为中国最著名的水手之一)”可知，文章主要讲述了中国古代探险家郑和和他的航行经历，故选C。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·福建泉州科技中学·期中） This summer, I marked what some call a “milestone birthday”. My approach to birthdays is usually twofold: fear them in advance and bear them in the moment. But this year, I decided to confront my birthday directly instead of tolerating it awkwardly. Rather than wait to receive cards and gifts, why not celebrate my birthday by giving presents to others? Maybe turning tradition upside down would assuage my discomfort. Science was on my side. Studies have found that spending money on others makes us happier than spending money on ourselves. “We observe this all over the world, even in places where people are struggling to meet their own basic needs. Charitable contributions activate the reward centres of our brain that spark for delights such as music and food,” Elizabeth Dunn, a University of British Columbia psychology professor told me. Armed with these studies, I began planning my experiment. The gift had to be small enough to mail in an envelope and meaningful enough to touch hearts. I decided on pencils. I located a vendor (商贩) in Central California who could customize pencils. I ordered them in pink to honour my last name. And I engraved (雕刻) them with three messages about pencils that double as messages about life: Stay sharp. Get to the point. Erasing is creating. With my wife, I turned our kitchen table into a fulfillment centre. We printed labels, slid three pencils into a sleeve and each sleeve into an envelope. Then, in two walks to our neighbourhood post office, we sent 98 gifts out to the world. A few days later, I got texts and emails from the pencil recipients (收件者). I heard from about three-fourths of them that they like the gift. Several people sent photos of their new pink pencils along with thanks or birthday wishes. A few told me how touched they were that I thought of them. One person texted fire and heart emojis. This exercise deepened my sense of gratitude and connection. For a few moments, I forgot I was turning okay, I’ll say the number now, 60. 1. What does the underlined word “assuage” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Ease. B. Cause. C. Hide. D. Express. 2. What can we learn from Elizabeth Dunn’s words in Paragraph 2? A. People worldwide observe birthdays. B. Giving offers people more pleasure. C. Material wealth generates charity. D. People in need are more likely to donate. 3. Why did the author tailor the pencils pink? A. To entertain children. B. To make them striking. C. To highlight the messages on them. D. To bear a mark of himself. 4. What’s Paragraph 5 mainly about? A. How the pencils were packed and sent. B. How the author’s birthday was celebrated. C. How people responded to the author’s gift. D. How the author reflected on the experience. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在过60岁生日时，决定打破传统，不等亲朋给自己送礼物，而是主动给他们送礼物，这让作者得到了满足，收获了感恩。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“My approach to birthdays is usually twofold: fear them in advance and bear them in the moment. But this year, I decided to confront my birthday directly instead of tolerating it awkwardly.(我对生日的态度通常是双重的：提前害怕它们，在当下忍受它们。但今年，我决定直面我的生日，而不是尴尬地忍受它。)”可知，作者对过生日一直感觉不自在，而今年他决定不再尴尬地忍受生日，由此可推测出，“Maybe turning tradition upside down would assuage my discomfort.”表达的是颠覆传统或许能够缓解不自在，assuage意为“缓解”，与ease意思一致。故选A。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Studies have found that spending money on others makes us happier than spending money on ourselves. “We observe this all over the world, even in places where people are struggling to meet their own basic needs. Charitable contributions activate the reward centres of our brain that spark for delights such as music and food,” Elizabeth Dunn, a University of British Columbia psychology professor told me.(研究发现，为别人花钱比为自己花钱更让我们快乐。不列颠哥伦比亚大学心理学教授Elizabeth Dunn告诉我：“我们在世界各地都观察到了这一现象，即使是在人们努力满足自己基本需求的地方。慈善捐献激活了我们大脑的奖励中心，这个中心激发人们对音乐和食物等快乐的渴望。”)”可知，研究表明为他人花钱比为自己花钱更令人快乐，接着引用了Elizabeth Dunn的观点来证明这一点，由此可推测出，给予能够给人们带来更多快乐。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I ordered them in pink to honour my last name.(为了纪念我的姓氏，我订了粉红色的。)”可知，作者订购粉色铅笔是为了纪念自己的姓氏，由此可推测出，作者想要留下自己的印记。故选D。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“A few days later, I got texts and emails from the pencil recipients(收件者). I heard from about three-fourths of them that they like the gift. Several people sent photos of their new pink pencils along with thanks or birthday wishes. A few told me how touched they were that I thought of them. One person texted fire and heart emojis.(几天后，我收到了铅笔收件人的短信和电子邮件。我从他们中大约四分之三的人那里收到来信说他们喜欢这份礼物。有几个人寄来了他们新粉色铅笔的照片，并附上了感谢或生日祝福。有几个人告诉我，他们对我能想到他们有多感动。一个人发了火和心的表情符号。)”可知，本段主要讲述了收到礼物的人给作者的反馈。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·广东河溪中学·期中） When young, I loved going on trail（小路） runs. It was my favorite way to escape stress. So, when I was back in my hometown after a tough first year of my Ph. D. program, I thought a trail run was just what I needed. But instead of helping me relax, the run did just the opposite. After I moved to the city for college, where my runs were on flat concrete paths instead of winding dirt trails, I used a GPS watch. When I went on trail runs again in the country, it constantly reminded me of the fact that I wasn’t keeping up with my usual pace. I turned my watch off, thinking that would allow me to enjoy my surroundings and find the peace I expected, but I worried I was under performing. “Why can’ t I let go and just enjoy myself?” I wondered. But after some introspection（反省）, I realized why I was struggling—both on trail runs and in graduate school. Going into my Ph. D. , I had thought that my solid undergraduate track record would set me up for instant success. To my surprise, I was wrong. I lacked confidence in my research abilities which I thought stopped me performing well and I constantly felt my progress was too slow. Other students’ self-confidence and their excellent results made me feel insecure. Finally, one day I broke down in tears in my adviser’ s office. Then came my visit home: I was having trouble because I hadn't t properly adjusted my expectations to the differences between an urban run and a trail run. A Ph. D. is like a trail run: Sometimes you can run fast. Sometimes you might find yourself climbing up a steep, winding trail at a snail’ s pace. And that’ s OK. Barriers are unavoidable, and success looks and feels different on a challenging trail than it does on a smooth, flat path. Sometimes it’ s best to take a deep breath and do your best to meet the challenge. 1. How did the author feel when he was on trail runs again? A. Relaxed. B. Tired. C. Anxious. D. Happy. 2. What resulted in the author’ s poor performance in Ph. D A. His lack of confidence. B. His lack of hard work. C. His poor research abilities. D. His poor track record. 3. What does the author want to show in the last paragraph? A. His desire for success. B. His confidence of trail runs. C. His expectations in his study. D. His realization after the trail run. 4. What does the author want to tell us? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. Working out regularly is beneficial. C. It’ s important to make necessary adjustments. D. It’ s vital to turn to others for help. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在城市水泥路上和在乡村小路上跑步时的不同感受，反省了自己在博士课程方面不如意的原因，告诉读者要学会根据情况来调整自己的预期，去收获成功与满足。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“but I worried I was under performing”可知，跑步没能让作者放松，相反却感到焦虑，故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I lacked confidence in my research abilities which I thought stopped me performing well and I constantly felt my progress was too slow.”可知，作者在学业方面差是由于自己对自己的研究能力缺乏自信，故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。上文中作者对比了在城市水泥路上跑步和在乡村小路上跑步的不同，因此在文章末段作者表达了自己在经历这件事后的领悟，故选D。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。作者在文章中主要通过自己跑步时不同感受的对比，反省了自己在博士课程方面不如意的原因， 告诉读者要学会根据不同的情况来调整自己的预期，故选C。 【点睛】细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变。如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等。如第2小题，根据第三段中的“I lacked confidence in my research abilities which I thought stopped me performing well and I constantly felt my progress was too slow.”可知，作者在学业方面差是由于自己对自己的研究能力缺乏自信，故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·浙江杭州西湖区·期中） Australia looks browner and flatter than I remembered; it’s dry grass here and there dotted with tough bushes and unremarkable buildings. The lighting is violently intense. My friend keeps talking in the driver’s seat and I respond with ‘Ah-huh’ and ‘Oh really?’ to appear interested in her string of gossip about people whose faces I have long forgotten, whose stories I’ve stopped caring about. ‘Are you okay?’ my friend asks, taking her eyes off the road to study my expression with her all-knowing eyes. ‘Just tired,’ I say. She accepts my lie with an unconvinced shrug. I keep searching in my mind’s eyes, hoping to bring back into focus images from the remote towns of Asia: steam coming off boiling pots, baskets filled with strange fruits, giant pigs alongside little kids. I laugh at the thought. ‘Something funny?’ my friend asks. ‘Oh, just a memory,’ I say. ‘The little kids in northern Thailand were so friendly. When we’d pass them in the street, they’d greet us at the top of their lungs in their native language.’ ‘Cool,’ she says, and then-’Hey, guess what? I had my bathroom remade!’ ‘Wow,’ I say. And then she details her bathroom project, and I ‘Ah-huh’ and ‘Oh really?’. Home improvements, kids, full-time jobs: these are the standard conversation topics of thirty-something women. In the years since I left, my friends have matured into responsible adults, but I’m stuck in another place entirely, more comfortable in a local bus traveling along the edge of a Himalayan mountain. If they are all grownups now, what does that make me? People say that travel changes you, but I never anticipated it would be like this. I close my eyes and return to the excitement of being sped at 565 miles per hour to somewhere foreign and wild. But I must stay this time. My dad has been diagnosed with a serious illness and so here I am, back in reality, back to my roots. 1. How does the author feel on her arrival in Australia? A. Interested. B. Conflicted. C. Exhausted. D. Excited. 2. What can be learned about the conversation between the author and her friend? A. They have different interests and lives as grownups. B. They share fond memories of growing up together. C. They care about and provide updates for each other. D. They enjoy telling personal stories to exchange ideas. 3. By “If they are all grownups now, what does that make me?” (in the second last paragraph), the author means _________. A. they make me think of growing up as they do B. we are all adults who will eventually settle down C. a comfortable home is what we all need as adults D. diverse experiences shape individuals’ life paths 4. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. Feeling Lost When Back in Australia B. The Excitement of Traveling to Australia C. Australia: A Place like Asia in My Heart D. Out of Asia, Out of Mind 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者回到家乡澳大利亚后发现自己对家乡的一切都感到陌生，找不到归属感，这让她感到很失落。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Australia looks browner and flatter than I remembered; it’s dry grass here and there dotted with tough bushes and unremarkable buildings. The lighting is violently intense.(澳大利亚看起来比我记忆中的更棕色、更平坦；这里到处都是干草，点缀着坚韧的灌木丛和不起眼的建筑。灯光非常强烈。)”和第四段第三句到最后一句“I keep searching in my mind’s eyes, hoping to bring back into focus images from the remote towns of Asia: steam coming off boiling pots, baskets filled with strange fruits, giant pigs alongside little kids.(我一直在脑海中搜寻，希望能把亚洲偏远城镇的画面重新聚焦起来：沸腾的锅里冒出的蒸汽，装满奇怪水果的篮子，和小孩子在一起的巨型猪。)”可知，作者到达澳大利亚时心情很矛盾。故选B。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“My friend keeps talking in the driver’s seat and I respond with ‘Ah-huh’ and ‘Oh really?’ to appear interested in her string of gossip about people whose faces I have long forgotten, whose stories I’ve stopped caring about.(我的朋友坐在驾驶座上不停地说话，我的回应是“啊哈”和“哦，真的吗?”’表现出对她那一串关于我早已忘记的人的闲话感兴趣，那些人的故事我也不再关心了。)”和第八段前三句“‘Cool,’ she says, and then-’Hey, guess what? I had my bathroom remade!’ ‘Wow,’ I say. And then she details her bathroom project, and I ‘Ah-huh’ and ‘Oh really?’.(“酷！”她说，然后——“嘿，你猜怎么着？我重新装修了我的浴室！“哇！”我说。然后她详细介绍了她的浴室计划，我就会“啊哈”和“哦，真的吗？”)”可知，从作者和朋友之间的对话可以了解到作为成年人她们有不同的兴趣和生活。故选A。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第八段倒第二句“In the years since I left, my friends have matured into responsible adults, but I’m stuck in another place entirely, more comfortable in a local bus traveling along the edge of a Himalayan mountain.(在我离开后的几年里，我的朋友们已经成熟为负责任的成年人，但我却完全被困在了另一个地方，坐在一辆沿着喜马拉雅山脉边缘行驶的当地巴士上更舒服。)”可知，“If they are all grownups now, what does that make me?（如果他们现在都是大人了，那我算什么?）”的意思是不同的经历塑造了个人的人生道路。故选D。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据前两段“Australia looks browner and flatter than I remembered; it’s dry grass here and there dotted with tough bushes and unremarkable buildings. The lighting is violently intense.My friend keeps talking in the driver’s seat and I respond with ‘Ah-huh’ and ‘Oh really?’ to appear interested in her string of gossip about people whose faces I have long forgotten, whose stories I’ve stopped caring about.(澳大利亚看起来比我记忆中的更棕色、更平坦；这里到处都是干草，点缀着坚韧的灌木丛和不起眼的建筑。灯光非常强烈。我的朋友坐在驾驶座上不停地说话，我的回应是“啊哈”和“哦，真的吗？”表现出对她那一串关于我早已忘记的人的闲话感兴趣，那些人的故事我也不再关心了。)”和最后一段“People say that travel changes you, but I never anticipated it would be like this. I close my eyes and return to the excitement of being sped at 565 miles per hour to somewhere foreign and wild. But I must stay this time. My dad has been diagnosed with a serious illness and so here I am, back in reality, back to my roots.(人们都说旅行会改变你，但我从来没有想到会是这样。我闭上眼睛，重新回到以每小时565英里的速度驶向异国荒野的兴奋中。但这次我必须留下来。我的父亲被诊断出患有一种严重的疾病，所以我回到了现实，回到了我的根。)”可知，文章主要描述了作者在回到家乡澳大利亚之后的失落心情。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·江西武宁二中·期中） As everyone knows, English is very important today. It has been used everywhere in the world. It has become the most common language on the Internet and for international trade. If we can speak English well, we will have more chances to succeed. Because more and more people have taken notice of it, the number of the people who go to learn English has increased at a high speed. But for myself, I learn English not only because of its importance and its usefulness, but also because of my love for it. When I learn English, I can feel a different way of thinking which gives me more room to touch the world. When I read English novels, I can feel the pleasure from the book which is different from reading the translation. When I speak English, I can feel the confidence from my words. When I write English,I can see the beauty which is not the same as our Chinese… I love English, because it gives me a colorful dream. I hope I can travel around the world one day. With my good English, I can make friends with many people from different countries and see many places of great interests. I dream that I can go to London, because it is the birthplace of English. I also want to use my good English to introduce our great places to the people who speak English. I hope that they can love our country like us. I know, Rome was not built in a day. I believe that after continuous hard study, one day I can speak English very well. If you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable. So I believe, as I love English, it will love me too. I am sure that I will realize my dream one day! 1. What’s the main idea of the first paragraph? A. English is changing quickly. B. English has the largest speakers in the world. C. More and more people enjoy learning English. D. English is becoming increasingly important in our daily life. 2. Which of the following is not the reason why the author likes learning English? A. The author’s parents force him to study English. B. English is very important. C. English is very useful. D. The author likes English. 3. When the author reads English novels, he feels ______. A. pressed. B. anxious. C. pleased. D. confident. 4. What can we learn from the last but one paragraph? A. Loving others is very important. B. Loving English can make you successful. C. If you want to get love from others, you should first love others. D. You should learn to respect others if you want to learn English well. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者自身的经历，表达了对英语的热爱。 【1题详解】 主旨大意题。浏览第一段内容，尤其是根据第一句“As everyone knows, English is very important today.(众所周知，现在英语十分重要)”可知，本段主要表达英语在当下生活中的重要性。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“But for myself, I learn English not only because of its importance and its usefulness, but also because of my love for it.(但是对于我自己来说，我学英语不只是因为其重要性和实用性，而且因为我对英语的喜爱)”可知，作者提到自己喜欢学英语的理由包括：英语的重要性和实用价值，以及自己对英语的热爱，并未提到A选项“作者的父母强迫他学英语”。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“When I read English novels, I can feel the pleasure from the book which is different from reading the translation.(当我阅读英语小说原文时，我能感受到来自书中的愉悦，这和阅读译文是完全不同的)”可知，作者在阅读英语小说时感觉是愉悦、快乐的。故选C。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable. So I believe, as I love English, it will love me too.(如果你想被爱，就应该学会付出爱以及变得可爱。所以我相信，因为我爱英语，英语也会爱我)”可知，作者的感悟是：想要得到他人的爱，就应该先爱他人。故选C。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·云南开远一中·期中） It was a beautiful spring day. The Earth was finally awakening from her winter sleep. New life was everywhere. The sky was clear and blue. The air smelled sweet. The sun was kissing the world with its warmth. I was driving to pick my son up from the sheltered workshop. On my drive I saw the flowers opening in people’s yards. The fields were full of yellow dandelions (蒲公英) with some already turning into little white balls of seeds. The trees were starting to awaken too. The flowers on them were white, purple, and pink. The songs of the birds were in the air as well. I was feeling the love from the creation all around me. I longed to be a part of it and share my love as well. I pulled into the driveway of the sheltered workshop and parked my car. As I got out, I saw a lost little caterpillar (毛虫) crawling the wrong way towards the sidewalk. He was just about to go under my tire (轮胎) when I reached down and picked him up. I held him gently in my hand and walked over to the grassy hillside on the other side of the parking lot. I sat him down and said, “You will never become a butterfly if you get run over, my friend. Please stay in the grass.” Then I walked off with a smile on my face and a happiness filling my heart. A friend once wrote me and asked what he could do to make a difference in this world. I wrote him back and said, “Everything!” Everything we do makes a difference in this world. Everything we do can help all the creation in the world. Every act of kindness, every shared smile, every moment of love makes a difference. Even saving a single butterfly is priceless. 1. What can we infer about the author? A. He preferred winter to spring. B. He saw people planting flowers in the yards. C. He went to the workshop together with his son. D. He appreciated new life and desired to share his love. 2. What happened to the caterpillar? A. It went the wrong way and was nearly injured by a car. B. It was discovered by the author in the grass. C. It was taken away by the author to his car. D. It would soon become a butterfly. 3. Which word can best describe the author? A. Caring. B. Calm. C. Confident. D. Indifferent. 4. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. Explain his views on nature. B. Give some advice to his friend. C. Show his opinion on making a difference. D. Stress the importance of saving a caterpillar. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述作者在春日里的一次经历——从驾车去接儿子，到救助一只迷路的小毛虫，再到与朋友关于如何在世界上产生积极影响的交流，展现了作者对自然、生命以及个人行为影响力的深刻感悟。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“On my drive I saw the flowers opening in people’s yards. The fields were full of yellow dandelions(蒲公英)with some already turning into little white balls of seeds. The trees were starting to awaken too. The flowers on them were white, purple, and pink. The songs of the birds were in the air as well. I was feeling the love from the creation all around me. I longed to be a part of it and share my love as well.(在开车途中，我看到人们院子里的花朵正在绽放。田野里长满了黄色的蒲公英，其中一些已经结成了小小的白色种子球。树木也开始苏醒。树上的花朵有白色、紫色和粉红色。空气中还飘荡着鸟儿的歌声。我感受到周围大自然对我的爱。我渴望成为其中的一部分，同样分享我的爱。)”可推断，作者欣赏新生命并渴望分享他的爱。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“I pulled into the driveway of the sheltered workshop and parked my car. As I got out, I saw a lost little caterpillar(毛虫)crawling the wrong way towards the sidewalk. He was just about to go under my tire(轮胎)when I reached down and picked him up.(当我下车时，我看到一只迷路的小毛虫正朝着人行道错误的方向爬行。当我伸手把它捡起来的时候，它差点就要爬到我的车轮下了。)”可知，毛虫走错了路，并且差点被车撞到。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“I held him gently in my hand and walked over to the grassy hillside on the other side of the parking lot. I sat him down and said, “You will never become a butterfly if you get run over, my friend. Please stay in the grass.” Then I walked off with a smile on my face and a happiness filling my heart.(我轻轻地把它捧在手里，走到停车场另一边的草坡上。我把它放下，说道：“我的朋友，如果你被车碾过，就永远无法变成蝴蝶了。请待在草丛里。”然后我面带微笑地走开，心中充满了幸福。)”以及最后一段“Everything we do makes a difference in this world. Everything we do can help all the creation in the world. Every act of kindness, every shared smile, every moment of love makes a difference. Even saving a single butterfly is priceless.(我们在这个世界上所做的每一件事都会带来影响。我们所做的每一件事都能帮助世界上的所有生灵。每一个善举，每一次分享的微笑，每一刻的爱意，都会带来不同。即使是拯救一只蝴蝶也是无价的。)”可知，作者是一个有爱心的人，关心并保护着周围的生命。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“A friend once wrote me and asked what he could do to make a difference in this world. I wrote him back and said, “Everything!” Everything we do makes a difference in this world. Everything we do can help all the creation in the world. Every act of kindness, every shared smile, every moment of love makes a difference. Even saving a single butterfly is priceless.(一个朋友曾经写信给我，问他在这个世界上能做些什么来带来改变。我回信给他说：“一切都可以！”我们在这个世界上所做的每一件事都会带来影响。我们所做的每一件事都能帮助世界上的所有生灵。每一个善举，每一次分享的微笑，每一刻的爱意，都会带来不同。即使是拯救一只蝴蝶也是无价的。)”可知，作者在这段话中想要表达的是他对个人行为能够产生影响的看法，即每一个小小的善举都能带来改变。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·陕西岐山·期中） As a boy I was always small for my age. I was also five years younger than one of my brothers and seven years younger than the other. As a result I often felt left out when their friends came over to play. I was either too small or too young for whatever they were doing and they didn’t want me to listen to their conventions, either. More often than not I found myself outside playing alone and feeling forgotten. I remember one spring afternoon feeling especially lonely as I sat in the yard behind our house. We lived miles from town and I rarely saw my own friends outside of school. I heard my brothers laughing from inside the house and felt tears coming down my cheek. At that moment I saw a large brown dog walking over to me. He looked happy and his tail was wagging as well. Even though he didn’t know me, he greeted me like a long-lost friend, licking my feet and sitting beside me on the spring grass. It must have been for at least an hour that I petted and talked to this four-legged angel. He let me pour out all my troubles and share my deepest thoughts before he kissed my cheek goodbye. I went back inside feeling happy, knowing that no matter what life may hold, I was loved. Now over 40 years later I still remember that angel with a smile. I believe that God sent him in that moment of sadness to remind me just how much he loved me. In truth, nothing brings us greater joy than knowing we are loved. Knowing we are loved gives us the strength to love others as well. Knowing we are loved aids us in making Earth more like Heaven. Embrace that love, take joy in it, and then go out and share your own love with the world. 1. When the author’s brother’s friends came to their house, the author ________. A. couldn’t play with them B. was permitted to listen to their talk C. was unwilling to communicate with them D. was happy to take part in their activities 2. What can we conclude from the second paragraph? A. The large brown dog frightened the author. B. The author preferred to be in a quiet place. C. The dog greeted him like a long-lost friend. D. The author often invited many friends to his house. 3. When the author returned to his home, ________. A. he felt much happier than before B. he led this four-legged angel home C. he shared his thoughts with his brothers D. he was unwilling to play with his brothers 4. What does the text mainly want to express? A. We should take care of dogs. B. We must know we are loved. C. We need to give our love to others. D. We can play with our brothers happily. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者因为年龄小，哥哥们不和作者玩儿，作者在觉得孤独被冷落的时候遇到了一只狗，这只狗给作者带来了快乐，让作者知道了自己被爱着。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“As a result I often felt left out when their friends came over to play. I was either too small or too young for whatever they were doing and they didn’t want me to listen to their conventions, either.(因此，当他们的朋友来玩时，我经常感到被冷落。不管他们在做什么，我要么太小，要么太年轻，他们也不想让我听他们的惯例)”可知，当作者哥哥的朋友们来到他们家时，作者不能和他们一起玩。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Even though he didn’t know me, he greeted me like a long-lost friend, licking my feet and sitting beside me on the spring grass.(虽然他不认识我，但它像一个久违的朋友一样向我打招呼，舔我的脚，坐在我旁边的春草地上)”可知，那只狗像一位久违的朋友一样向他打招呼。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“I went back inside feeling happy, knowing that no matter what life may hold, I was loved.(我回到屋里，感到快乐，知道无论生活如何，我都是被爱着的)”可知，当作者回到家中，他感到比以前快乐多了。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题，根据最后两段内容，尤其是最后一段中“In truth, nothing brings us greater joy than knowing we are loved.(事实上，没有什么比知道自己被爱更能带给我们快乐的了)”可知，作者通过本文的故事主要表达我们必须知道我们是被爱着的。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·河南项城三高·期中） Carnival: One Day in Rio Last year I wont to the Rio de Janeiro Carnival, and it blew my mind. It had been my dream to attend the famous carnival for many years, so I was excited. However, the moment I arrived, I was a little bit nervous because there were so many people on the streets. They say that five or six million people come to Rio during carnival time and about two million of them are on the streets on any given day. Luckily, I had a local guide, my sister’s friend Ronnie. He said he would take care of me and show me all the highlights. He did not let me down. The carnival is most definitely all about the samba. It’s a style of music and dance which has its roots in Africa. Lots of Africans were used as slave labor by the Portuguese when Brazil was being colonized (沦为殖民地), so this mixed culture of African. Latin and European styles is really strong here. Samba music is usually fast and exciting with a lot of drums and harmonic vocals (和声). It’s the kind of music that you can’t help dancing to, and I was learning that as I followed Ronnie through the crowd, my hips and shoulders were swinging (摇摆) almost involuntarily. Ronnie had got us tickets for the samba parade, the symbol of Brazilian culture, inside the Sambadrome where the top samba schools compete for the championship title, but we still had a long way to go through the street parties. He said most people enjoy the carnival by throwing their own parties in the street. About the samba parade, twelve main teams compete for the championship, and if they win, their performance will be talked about for years to come. So, you must be wondering how it was. Well, I’m afraid I can’t tell you. Ronnie and I never made it into the Sambadrome. We spent the day moving from one street party to another. There were more snacks, more drinks and lots of dancing. Do I regret missing the main parade? Not at all. I experienced the carnival like the locals, and it was truly amazing. 1. What made the author tense in the beginning? A. The huge crowd. B. Foreign culture. C. The busy schedule. D. No local guide. 2. What can we learn about samba from the passage? A. It has its origin in America. B. Its music is relaxed and soft. C. It is not to the author’s taste. D. It has a long and mixed culture. 3. The author didn’t regret missing the main parade because ______. A. she befriended some local people. B. she celebrated the festival in a local way. C. she didn’t pay any money for the parade. D. she enjoyed herself by having her own party. 4. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To recommend a helpful guide. B. To encourage people to learn samba. C. To share an unforgettable experience. D. To tell a painful history of Rio de Janeiro. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在里约热内卢参加的一次狂欢节活动的经历。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, the moment I arrived, I was a little bit nervous because there were so many people on the streets. (然而，当我到达的那一刻，我有点紧张，因为街上有那么多人)”可知，作者开始的时候紧张是因为街上人很多的缘故。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It’s a style of music and dance which has its roots in Africa. Lots of Africans were used as slave labor by the Portuguese when Brazil was being colonized (沦为殖民地), so this mixed culture of African. Latin and European styles is really strong here. (这是一种起源于非洲的音乐和舞蹈风格。当巴西被殖民时，许多非洲人被葡萄牙人用作奴隶劳工，所以这种非洲、拉丁和欧洲风格的混合文化在这里非常强大)”可知，桑巴舞有悠久的历史并且是多种文化的混合。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Do I regret missing the main parade? Not at all. I experienced the carnival like the locals, and it was truly amazing. (我后悔错过了游行吗？一点也不。我和当地人一样体验了狂欢节，这真是太棒了)”可知，作者不后悔错过了游行，因为他以当地人庆祝狂欢节的方式体验了狂欢节。故选B。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章标题“Carnival: One Day in Rio (狂欢节：在Rio的一天)”可知，文章介绍了作者自己在里约热内卢参加的一次狂欢节活动的经历，故文章的目的是分享自己一次难忘的经历。故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·广东佛山南海区·期中） She didn’t realize it at the time, but when Kahumbu was young, she was taken under the wing of a world-renowned scientific icon. Richard Leakey, the paleoanthropologist (古人类学家) from the family of trailblazing (开创性的) conservationists, was Kahumbu’s neighbor and mentor. His commitment to shepherding a young Kahumbu toward her dreams was, as she puts it, “extremely special.” It was in Kenya’s coastal forests, that her love for elephants, their immensity and grace, began. She was soon fighting tooth and nail for elephants’ protection against environmental and human threats. In 2004, somewhere along the Kenyan coastline, Kahumbu rescued an orphaned hippopotamus in the aftermath of the Indian Ocean tsunami. She cared for it at one of a few animal sanctuaries she was managing, and the baby hippo became friends with its neighbor — a 130-year-old tortoise. Kahumbu shared a photograph of the odd pair resting together with the world; the overwhelming response set her on a new path. In 2018, she kicked off Wildlife Warriors Kids, an initiative across Kenya that helps teachers integrate wildlife film showings and work plans into their curriculum to help connect young Kenyans with science and their heritage. So, when Kahumbu was later spontaneously offered 30 acres of land. Through her mainly Kenya-based career, the irony is not lost on her that native Kenyans do not have a word for “conservation.” It’s a testament to the natural way caring for the environment and its living things are part of everyday life, Kahumbu says. Pastoral tribes (田园部落) take cues from animal behavior that could signal threats, environmental changes, or availability of resources. The modern practice of protecting nature by isolating it from humans, she explains, is hard to understand. Even the term “protected area,” is perplexing to these communities. “Protected from what? From us people?” is something Kahumbu has been asked repeatedly. “They don’t consider themselves to be a threat to nature,” she says. Instead, conserving nature is simply a part of conserving livelihoods. “The right way to learn about nature is not to be closed off by a big wall. You need to feel the cold air at night, you need to see the stars, you need to smell the grass, and the flowers, how they change their scents during different times of the day,” she illustrates. 1. What event marked a turning point in Kahumbu’s career? A. Managing a sanctuary for orphaned hippos B. Receiving donations of land for conservation C. Sharing a photo depicting an unlikely friendship D. Establishing a coastal forest protection program 2. Which is the true according to this passage? A. Kahumbu’s early career was Enlightened by a wildlife protection expert. B. She loves elephants because the experience in the savannahs of Kenya. C. She saved a hippo in the emergency time when Indian Ocean tsunami happened. D. Wildlife Warriors Kids aims to help teachers integrate animal protection into their classroom 3. why does the fact that Kenyans don’t have a word for “conservation” represent an irony for Kahumbu? A. Kenyans have less concern for the environmental issues. B. Modern conservation terms seem redundant in Kenya. C. Conserving nature is simply a part of conserving livelihoods D. Natural integration of environmental care into Kenyan culture. 4. What kind of method of learning about nature might Kahumbu agree with? A. Learn the habits of birds through multimedia learning B. Perceive the spirituality of animals by reading books C. Learn by taking field trips while studying soils D. Conducting a daily walk around a nearby park 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述 Kahumbu 的野生动物保护历程及理念。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Kahumbu shared a photograph of the odd pair resting together with the world; the overwhelming response set her on a new path. (卡洪布向世界分享了这对奇特伙伴一同休憩的照片，公众的热烈反响为她开辟了新道路。)”可知，分享照片是她职业生涯的转折点。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“In 2004, somewhere along the Kenyan coastline, Kahumbu rescued an orphaned hippopotamus in the aftermath of the Indian Ocean tsunami. (2004 年，在肯尼亚海岸线某处，卡洪布在印度洋海啸后营救了一只失去双亲的河马幼崽。)”可知，她在印度洋海啸发生的紧急时刻救了一只河马。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Through her mainly Kenya-based career, the irony is not lost on her that native Kenyans do not have a word for “conservation.” It’s a testament to the natural way caring for the environment and its living things are part of everyday life, Kahumbu says. (在她主要扎根于肯尼亚的职业生涯中，颇具讽刺意味的是，她注意到肯尼亚本地人并没有对应“保护”的词汇。卡洪布说，这恰恰证明了对环境及其生物的关爱本就是日常生活的自然组成部分。)”可知，肯尼亚人没有“保护”一词这一事实对卡洪布来说具有讽刺意味，是因为肯尼亚文化中自然融入了环境保护。故选D项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中““The right way to learn about nature is not to be closed off by a big wall. You need to feel the cold air at night, you need to see the stars, you need to smell the grass, and the flowers, how they change their scents during different times of the day,” she illustrates. (她阐释道：“了解自然的正确方式，不是被一堵高墙隔绝在外。你需要感受夜晚的寒气，需要仰望星辰，需要嗅闻青草与花朵的芬芳——感受它们在一天中不同时刻如何变换香气。”)”可知，她认同通过实地考察学习自然，与选项 C “实地考察并研究土壤” 的观点一致。故选 C。 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·陕西西安二十六中·期中） Zheng Kelu, the Chinese translator of French masterpieces by Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, Stendhal and Simone Beauvoir, died aged 81 on Sept 20. In his six-decade career, Zheng translated around 60 French literature and social science works, and published 11 monographs and 10 textbooks. Thanks to his endeavors, Chinese readers were able to appreciate many classic French works of literature including Les Miserables, La Traviata and Le Comte de Monte-Cristo. Zheng Kelu was fond of Russian and French literature since high school and later studied French at Peking University from 1957. During the “cultural revolution” (1966-76), he spent more than a year reciting the French-Chinese dictionary, because it was the only learning material available. He was then able to read original French works. In his translation, he dared to use rarely used Chinese characters in a hope to make his readers turn to the dictionary and therefore expand their knowledge and vocabulary. In Zheng’s view, translating practice helped to improve his French language capability, while doing research inspired him on selecting literature works to be translated. Benefiting from his research, he attached great importance to the preface (前言) of his translation so as to help the readers learn about highlights and historical value of the works, and the authors’ writing techniques and motives. He said in an interview with Shanghai Observer in November that the key to a quality translation lies in how to deal with sentence patterns, especially relative clauses that don’t exist in the Chinese language. He emphasized polishing language use and concluded his translating style as brief and fluent while being literarily graceful. 1. What does the underlined word “endeavors” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. translations. B. efforts. C. masterpieces. D. recommendations. 2. What made Zheng Kelu be able to read original French works? A. The “cultural revolution”. B. His fond of French literature. C. The French-Cinese dictionaries. D. His past learning experience. 3. Which words can best describe Zheng Kelu? A. Careful and friendly. B. Proud but brave. C. Determined and ambitious. D. Strict but generous. 4. What can be inferred from Zheng’s view? A. Rarely used Chinese characters must be used. B. It is helpful to present historical value of the works. C. It is important for the translation to be complicated. D. Relative clauses have no effect on a quality translation. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国翻译家郑克鲁的个人经历以及成就。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“In his six-decade career, Zheng translated around 60 French literature and social science works, and published 11 monographs and 10 textbooks.(在他60年的职业生涯中，他翻译了大约60部法国文学和社会科学著作，出版了11部专著和10部教科书)”以及后文“Chinese readers were able to appreciate many classic French works of literature including Les Miserables, La Traviata and Le Comte de Monte-Cristo(中国读者可以欣赏到许多经典的法国文学作品，包括《悲惨世界》《茶花女》和《基督山伯爵》。)”可知，郑克鲁翻译了许多作品，因此在他的努力下，中国读者得以欣赏到《悲惨世界》《茶花女》《基督山伯爵》等许多法国经典文学作品。故画线词意思是“努力”。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Zheng Kelu was fond of Russian and French literature since high school and later studied French at Peking University from 1957. During the “cultural revolution” (1966-76), he spent more than a year reciting the French-Chinese dictionary, because it was the only learning material available. He was then able to read original French works.(郑克鲁从高中开始就喜欢俄罗斯和法国文学，1957年进入北京大学学习法语。在“文化大革命”（1966- 1976）期间，他花了一年多的时间背诵《法中词典》，因为这是唯一可用的学习材料。那时他已经能够阅读法语原著了)”可知，过去的学习经历让郑克鲁能够阅读法语原版作品。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“During the “cultural revolution” (1966-76), he spent more than a year reciting the French-Chinese dictionary, because it was the only learning material available.(在“文化大革命”（1966- 1976）期间，他花了一年多的时间背诵《法中词典》，因为这是唯一可用的学习材料)”以及第三段“In his translation, he dared to use rarely used Chinese characters in a hope to make his readers turn to the dictionary and therefore expand their knowledge and vocabulary.(在他的翻译中，他敢于使用很少使用的汉字，希望他的读者求助于字典，从而扩大他们的知识和词汇量)”可推知，郑克鲁有决心且有抱负。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Benefiting from his research, he attached great importance to the preface (前言) of his translation so as to help the readers learn about highlights and historical value of the works, and the authors’ writing techniques and motives.(得益于他的研究，他非常重视翻译的序言，以帮助读者了解作品的亮点和历史价值，以及作者的写作技巧和动机)”可推知，展示这些作品的历史价值是很有帮助的。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·山东蒙阴一中·期中） Kristin Schell is the founder of The Turquoise (蓝绿色)Table, a movement of ordinary people who want to create community right in their own front yards. Ten years ago, she and her family moved to a new home in Austin, Texas. One day, Kristin tried to connect with her new neighbors by hosting a party. She bought a few picnic tables but the delivery driver set one table down in her front yard by mistake. “After the party, I painted the table turquoise—my favorite color—and put it in the front yard, just a few feet from the sidewalk,” she says. That turquoise table became the place where Kristin and her kids hung out. They played games, did crafts and ate snacks. “We got intentional about where we spent our time,” Kristin says. “We became ‘front yard people’.” Neighbors began to stop by to introduce themselves and sit down for a chat. Kristin invited people to join her at the table for coffee or iced tea. Then neighbors asked Kristin if their family could put a picnic table in their front yard too. A movement was born. It was a simple way to slow down and connect with others,” she says. The turquoise table was inviting and had a shared feel. People often hesitate to invite others into their homes. They think their house is too messy, it’s not big enough or they don’t have enough time. “Our perfectionism can cause us to miss out on the joy of connecting with others,” Kristin says. Her picnic table takes away the excuses—and the pressure. She likes how it enables her to take a small step toward easing loneliness and building relationships in her community. “People’s greatest need is to know that they are loved and that they belong,” she says. A decade after their Texas beginnings, thousands of Turquoise Tables exist in all 50 states and in 13 countries around the world. Not all of them are actually turquoise. “No matter what color it is, it’s a friendship table,” Kristin says. 1. Why did Kristin Schell start the movement? A. To host more parties in her front yard. B. To entertain her friends and neighbors. C. To engage with people in the neighbourhood. D. To create harmonious communities worldwide. 2. Which of the following words best describe Kristin Schell according to the text? A. Creative and sociable. B. Friendly and humorous. C. Generous and ambitious. D. Cautious and responsible. 3. What can be inferred from the text? A. People don’t like others to step into their houses. B. The campaign has a big impact at home and abroad. C. Kristin Schell bought the turquoise table to host a party. D. People feel unwilling to join in the front yard chat at first. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公克里斯汀·谢尔是“绿松石桌”(the Turquoise Table)的创始人，这是一个普通人想要在自己的前院建立社区的运动。该运动的目的是与邻居和陌生人建立联系。在她的宣传和带动下，现已形成了一场全国性的运动。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Kristin Schell is the founder of The Turquoise (蓝绿色) Table, a movement of ordinary people who want to create community right in their own front yards. Ten years ago, she and her family moved to a new home in Austin, Texas.”（克里斯汀·谢尔(Kristin Schell)是“绿松石桌”(the Turquoise Table)的创始人，这是一个普通人想要在自己的前院建立社区的运动。十年前，她和家人搬到了德克萨斯州奥斯汀的新家。）以及第二段中“One day, Kristin tried to connect with her new neighbors by hosting a party.”（一天，克里斯汀试图通过举办一个聚会来与她的新邻居建立联系。）和第四段中“It was a simple way to slow down and connect with others”（这是一种简单的方式，可以让你放慢脚步，与他人交流。）可推知，克里斯汀·谢尔发起这项运动的目的是与邻居接触。故选C项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“After the party, I painted the table turquoise—my favorite color—and put it in the front yard, just a few feet from the sidewalk,” she says.”（“聚会结束后，我把桌子漆成了我最喜欢的绿松石色，然后把它放在前院，离人行道只有几英尺远，”她说。）以及后文克里斯汀后来发起了“绿松石桌”运动可知，克里斯汀具有创造性。根据第四段中“Kristin invited people to join her at the table for coffee or iced tea.”（克里斯汀邀请人们和她一起坐在桌边喝咖啡或冰茶。）可知，克里斯汀是一个热情，好交际的人。由此可推知，克里斯汀·谢尔是一个有创造力，善于交际的人。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“A decade after their Texas beginnings, thousands of Turquoise Tables exist in all 50 states and in 13 countries around the world.”（从德州开始的十年后，成千上万的绿松石桌遍布全球50个州和13个国家。）可推知，这场运动在国内外都产生了巨大的影响。故选B项。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·江西衡立实验学校·期中） Tom Belt, a native of Oklahoma, didn't know the English language until he began school. In his home, conversations took place in Cherokee. Belt grew up riding horses, and after college traveled around the country doing the rodeo（牛仔竞技比赛）. Finally, he wound up in North Carolina and married a woman he met at school 20 years earlier. Yet his wife—also Cherokee—did not speak the language. He soon realized that he was a minority（少数）among his own people. At that time, just 400 or so Cherokee speakers were left in the Eastern Band, the tribe（部落）located in the Cherokee's historic homeland. Children were no longer learning the language either. "I began to realize the seriousness of the situation," Belt says. Belt and other concerned Cherokee speakers in the Eastern Band decided to do something about it. Belt volunteered to teach Cherokee lessons at a local school, for example, and finally the tribe decided to create a language immersion school for children, where main classes—including science and math—are taught in Cherokee. Cherokee language is now also offered at the local university, where Belt teaches. "Many Cherokee speakers are using technology to do really interesting things that were not imaginable a generation back," says Mark Turin, a language expert at Yale University. For example, a Cherokee app allows speakers to text in the language's 85 letters. Some Cherokee sites bring speakers together and provide multimedia teaching tools. Thanks to the Eastern Bands efforts, today around 60 of their children can speak Cherokee. Belt, along with many other Cherokee speakers, is not ready to let his language disappear into history—even if the journey toward revitalisation（振兴）is an uphill one. As an elder told Belt years ago: "It's all well and good that you all want to do this, but remember, it wasn't taken away overnight, and you' re not going to revitalize it overnight." 1. What did Tom Belt find out about the Cherokee language? A. It is taught at only a few schools. B. It is disliked by many English speakers. C. It is difficult for children to learn. D. It is in danger of dying out. 2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Why Cherokee was popular in local schools. B. How Cherokee speakers saved the language. C. How Cherokee influenced children's education. D. What made Cherokee more well-known to locals. 3. What plays a role in the success the Eastern Band has achieved? A. Their great imagination. B. Their special teaching methods. C. Their use of technology. D. Their confidence in younger generations. 4. What can we learn from the elder's words in the last paragraph? A. Getting Cherokee back is a long journey. B. Cherokee will disappear slowly. C. Cherokee might become popular someday. D. The loss of Cherokee is simply a fact of life. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了俄克拉荷马州的汤姆·贝尔特及其团队为挽救他们部落的母语—-切诺基语而做的努力。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。第二段末句“I began to realize the seriousness of the situation.( 我开始意识到情况的严重性)”，其中the situation指上文“Yet his wife—also Cherokee—did not speak the language…Children were no longer learning the language either.( 然而，他的妻子——同样是切诺基人——不会说切诺基语…孩子们也不再学习这种语言)”，很多人切诺基人不会说切诺基语言，尤其孩子们也不再学习它，由此可知，贝尔特意识到这种语言即将消失。故选D项。 【2题详解】 段落大意题。根据第三段首句即主题句“Belt and other concerned Cherokee speakers in the Eastern Band decided to do something about it.( 贝尔特和东部乐队其他关心的切诺基人决定为此做点什么)”可知，贝尔特和关心切诺基语言的切诺基人决定为挽救这种语言而采取行动，其中it指代切诺基语言即将消失这个事情。后面“Belt volunteered to teach Cherokee lessons at a local school, for example, and finally the tribe decided to create a language immersion school for children, where main classes—including science and math—are taught in Cherokee. Cherokee language is now also offered at the local university, where Belt teaches.( 例如，贝尔特志愿在当地的一所学校教授切诺基语课程，最后，部落决定为孩子们创建一所语言浸入式学校，主要课程——包括科学和数学——都是用切诺基语教授的。贝尔特所在的当地大学现在也提供切诺基语)”详细具体地介绍他们做了那些努力。由此可知，第三段主要讲这些切诺基人是如何挽救切诺基语言的。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“"Many Cherokee speakers are using technology to do really interesting things that were not imaginable a generation back," says Mark Turin, a language expert at Yale University. For example, a Cherokee app allows speakers to text in the language's 85 letters. Some Cherokee sites bring speakers together and provide multimedia teaching tools.( 耶鲁大学的语言专家Mark Turin说:“许多讲切诺基语的人正在利用科技做一些非常有趣的事情，这在一代人以前是无法想象的。”例如，一款切诺基语应用程序允许使用者用该语言的85个字母发送信息。一些切罗基语网站将切诺基语言使用者聚集在一起，并提供多媒体教学工具) ”可知，在挽救这种语言过程中，现在科技例如应用程序和网站起到了很大作用。故选C项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章末句那位老人所说的话“It's all well and good that you all want to do this, but remember, it wasn't taken away overnight, and you' re not going to revitalize it overnight.(你们都想做这件事，这很好，但请记住，它不是在一夜之间消失的，你也不可能在一夜之间让它重新焕发活力) 可知，这种语言消失的过程是渐渐的一个很长的过程，想要使它重新焕发活力也不可能短时间成功，一定是一个漫长的过程。故选A项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·福建南平一中·期中） About 15 years ago, I was working at a sewing (缝纫) machine when I lost focus and put the needle straight through my left middle finger — the wound never quite recovered. It’s the kind of warning teachers tell new sewists, but it also creates a metaphor for a feeling that maybe familiar to the 7.7 million people who enjoy sewing as a hobby: the effect of sewing lives on under our skin. It’s a theme that runs through historian Barbara Burman’s book exploring the cultural history of sewing: The Point of the Needle: Why Sewing Matters. For Barbara, her own interest in sewing is something that can be traced back through her life. “I grew up in a poor household, and I had two very practical parents,” she recalls. “My mother actually taught sewing, dressmaking, and soft tailoring, so I was surrounded by people making things and talking about tools. My interest in sewing comes from an interest in the history of ordinary people, particularly women’s lives. I feel that it’s a kind of untold story. We’re so used to it that we don’t think about it. We put our clothes on, and there we are. But I wanted to look at what sewing actually means at an individual level, as well as a more global level.” We notice the invention of electricity and countless other creations — but sewing, despite the fact that we couldn’t go about our daily lives without it, is often overlooked. When I ask Barbara why the story of sewing is largely untold, she has some insight. “Mostly because it’s connected so thoroughly with women, and women have always been, as it were, ‘second rate’,” she explains. “We’ve also lived with this quite false separation between working with our brains and working with our hands. So manual work is thought of as secondary to head work. But, in fact, our hands, and particularly our sense of touch, give us such a huge amount of information in the world. Countless studies have confirmed how beneficial crafts can be for our mental health and well-being.” 1. What does the underlined part in paragraph 1 imply? A. Sewing may cause physical injury to sewists. B. Sewing is rooted in people’s life for a long time. C. Sewing holds a deep meaning for sewing lovers. D. Sewing is popular with a large number of people. 2. What’s mainly talked about in paragraph 2? A. How Barbara’s parents taught her to sew. B. What sewing meant to the general public. C. How Barbabra got interested in sewing. D. What family environment Barbara grew up in. 3. Why is the story of sewing ignored according to Barbara? A. Women and manual work are undervalued. B. People take no interest in the history of sewing. C. Sewing is not as important as other inventions. D. People prefer technology rather than hand-craft. 4. What does Barbara think of sewing? A. It is a dying craft. B. It is a secondary job. C. It is a dangerous practice. D. It is a rewarding skill. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了历史学家Barbara Burman对缝纫的热爱以及她对缝纫的深入理解和看法。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“It’s the kind of warning teachers tell new sewists, but it also creates a metaphor for a feeling that maybe familiar to the 7.7 million people who enjoy sewing as a hobby:”（这是老师对新缝纫工的警告，但它也创造了一种感觉的隐喻，这种感觉可能对770万把缝纫作为爱好的人来说很熟悉：）以及下文“It’s a theme that runs through historian Barbara Burman’s book exploring the cultural history of sewing: The Point of the Needle: Why Sewing Matters. For Barbara, her own interest in sewing is something that can be traced back through her life.”（历史学家Barbara Burman的书《针尖：为什么缝纫很重要》探讨了缝纫的文化史，贯穿了这个主题。对芭芭拉来说，她对缝纫的兴趣可以追溯到她的一生。）可知，缝纫的爱好让历史学家Barbara Burman追溯到她的一生，并且她的著作探讨了缝纫的文化史；由此可推知，划线部分“the effect of sewing lives on under our skin”（缝纫的影响深入我们的皮肤之下）暗示了缝纫对于缝纫爱好者来说有着深远的意义。故选C。 【2题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“I grew up in a poor household, and I had two very practical parents,” she recalls. “My mother actually taught sewing, dressmaking, and soft tailoring, so I was surrounded by people making things and talking about tools. My interest in sewing comes from an interest in the history of ordinary people, particularly women’s lives”（‘我在一个贫穷的家庭长大，我有两个非常实际的父母，’她回忆说。‘我的母亲实际上教的是缝纫、服装制作和软剪裁，所以我周围的人都在做东西，谈论工具。我对缝纫的兴趣来源于对普通人历史的兴趣，尤其是对女性生活的兴趣。’）可以推知，第二段主要是关于Barbara是如何对缝纫产生兴趣的。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的句子“Mostly because it’s connected so thoroughly with women, and women have always been, as it were, ‘second rate’,”（主要是因为它与女性有着密切的联系，而女性总是被视为‘二等公民’）以及“So manual work is thought of as secondary to head work.”（所以手工劳动被认为是次要的头脑工作）可以推断出，缝纫的故事被忽视的原因是女性和手工劳动被低估。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的句子“Countless studies have confirmed how beneficial crafts can be for our mental health and well-being.”（无数的研究已经证实，手工艺对我们的心理健康和幸福感有多大的好处）可以推断出，Barbara认为缝纫是一种有益的技能。故选D。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·陕西兴平西郊中学·期中） With a thirst for a new challenge, I decided to begin my language journey and my only regret is that I didn't start earlier. Since starting to learn, I have made good progress. The Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (HSK) is a test of Chinese language for non-native speakers. In July 2020, I passed my HSK3 exam with a score of 100 percent. I am now almost ready to start HSK5. Learning to speak Chinese isn't as insurmountable as I once thought. When I speak to native speakers in Chinese, they almost always understand me. I also find it not too difficult to remember characters and I am now even able to write over 400 characters. I find studying the language relaxing and worthwhile, particularly writing the characters. The thing I find most challenging is listening since native speakers talk at such a speed. I can't always understand what's been said, but my weekly online language exchanges help with this greatly. Despite my progress, it has still been the challenge I desire and has taken a lot of hard work. Furthermore, there is a long way to go before I reach my goal of fluency. The key to progress is to be patient and persistent (坚持不懈的). The satisfaction that comes from simple things like ordering food in Chinese, buying things on the Internet or communicating with a taxi driver makes all the hard work worth it. My biggest takeaway from learning Chinese is that it's not only doable but can also be enjoyable. Learning Chinese not only helped me in day-to-day life, but deepened my cultural understanding of such a colorful and beautiful country. Considering where I am now, compared to two years ago, as long as I keep studying hard, I can image a time when I'll be able to read famous Chinese novels not in English but in the original text. So, to all my non-Chinese friends, I always say “Don’t give up. Embrace (拥抱) the challenge.” 1. Which one is the most difficult for the author? A. Writing characters. B. Taking part in HSK exams. C. Listening to the native speaking. D. Speaking to a taxi driver. 2. What does the underlined word “insurmountable” mean in paragraph 2? A. Easy to upset. B. Possible to change. C. Comfortable to study. D. Hard to overcome. 3. Why does the author think learning Chinese is satisfying? A. It can make the author proud. B. It makes the author know more Chinese. C. It can be useful in daily life. D. It makes the author more competitive. 4. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Passing exams isn't a piece of cake B. Learning Chinese isn't unbeatable C. Explore the historical and cultural country D. Deepen understanding of Chinese culture 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者以外国人的口吻，讲述了自己学习汉语的经历和感受。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“The thing I find most challenging is listening since native speakers talk at such a speed.（我发现最具挑战的事是听力，因为母语者们语速如此之快）”可知，作者认为学习汉语时最困难的部分是听母语者讲话。故选C项。 【2题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句以及后两句“Learning to speak Chinese isn't as insurmountable as I once thought. When I speak to native speakers in Chinese, they almost always understand me. I also find it not too difficult to remember characters and I am now even able to write over 400 characters.（学着说汉语并不像我以前想的那么困难。当我和母语者用汉语交谈时，他们几乎都能理解我。我还发现记忆汉字没那么难，现在我甚至能写超过400个汉字了）”可知，作者在后句中表达的意思是汉语并不是很难学，显然第一句以否定句搭配insurmountable一词就是在表达这一含义，因此其含义为“困难的，无法克服的”。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“The satisfaction that comes from simple things like ordering food in Chinese, buying things on the Internet or communicating with a taxi driver makes all the hard work worth it.（一些小事带来的满足感，比如用中文点餐，在网上购物或是和出租车司机交流，让我感到所有的辛苦都是值得的）”可知，正是日常生活中对汉语的使用让作者对学习中文感到满足。故选C项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。总览全文，作者作为外国人分享了自己学习中文的经历和感受，最后一段也点明了“My biggest takeaway from learning Chinese is that it's not only doable but can also be enjoyable.（我学习中文最大的收获就是，学习中文不仅是可行的，而且是充满乐趣的）”即表明学会中文并非极其困难的，B选项“学中文没那么难”点出了关键词Learning Chinese且符合文章内容，适合作为标题。故选B项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·陕西兴平西郊中学·期中） Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had been suffering from depression when he first found his passion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured in National Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. “In the beginning, I was so paranoid (多疑的) and angry that I couldn’t leave the house,” says Doogue. “When I attempted to end my life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and that’s when I started photography. ” Now a dad of two, Doogue found that looking at insects through a camera helped him in ways he could never have imagined and it proved to be the lifeline he needed. It had a calming effect that helped him to disconnect from stress; and his astonishing images, showing insects and spiders in amazing detail against brightly colored backgrounds, caught the eye of publishers at National Geographic. “I ended up as one of their featured photographers,” recalled Doogue. “It was the peak of my career. It was incredible.” Originally from Salford, Greater Manchester, he now lives in Armadale, West Lothian, Scotland. Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle of an epidemic (流行病) of male suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. “I think the problem is this man-up approach; the idea that men need to be strong puts so much pressure on young males to be fine all the time,” says Doogue. “This is why I try and be so open about my own experience. Whenever I am out with my camera, I don’t think about my other worries. It is just me and the environment around me. You can lose yourself in a spider making its web.” 1. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about Doogue? A. Why Doogue wanted to end his life. B. When Doogue turned photographer. C. How Doogue became depressed. D. Why Doogue took up photography. 2. What causes Scottish men to develop mental health problems? A. The way men employ to solve problems. B. The lack of love for men’s life and work. C. The idea that men are expected to be strong. D. The worry that men get separated from people. 3. How did photography benefit Doogue? A. It helped him to escape from pressure. B. It provided him with life-saving skills. C. It gave him a new way to express himself. D. It offered him an opportunity to explore nature. 4. What is the main purpose of the author in writing the text? A. To warn the seriousness of mental problems. B. To introduce Doogue’s fighting depression. C. To show the benefits of nature photography. D. To advise the readers to get close to nature. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述自然摄影师Doogue通过拍摄挽救了抑郁的自己，并通过分享他的作品和经历，鼓励和帮助更多患有心理健康疾病的人。 【1题详解】 段落大意题。根据第一段“Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had been suffering from depression when he first found his passion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured in National Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. “In the beginning, I was so paranoid (多疑的) and angry that I couldn’t leave the house,” says Doogue. “When I attempted to end my life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and that’s when I started photography. ”(34岁的自然摄影师Matt Doogue第一次发现自己拍昆虫的热情时，他一直患有抑郁症，他的作品现在被《国家地理》杂志刊登。他说，九年前，他在跌入谷底后试图自杀。Doogue说：“一开始，我非常多疑和愤怒，以至于我不能离开家。当我试图结束自己的生命时，我知道我需要看看某个人。我去看医生并接受治疗，但我知道我需要更多的东西，这就是我开始摄影的时候。”)”可知，文章第一段主要讲述Doogue从事摄影的原因。故选D。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle of an epidemic (流行病) of male suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. “I think the problem is this man-up approach; the idea that men need to be strong puts so much pressure on young males to be fine all the time,” says Doogue. (虽然他担心苏格兰正处于男性自杀的流行病中，但他相信，分享自己对自然摄影的热爱，也可以帮助其他人应对他们的心理健康问题。Doogue说：“我认为问题在于人的态度：男性需要变强大和坚强的想法给年轻男性带来了很大的压力，并要求他们一直保持完美。”)”可知，男人被期待变强大和坚强的想法给苏格兰的年轻男性很大压力，导致他们患有心理健康疾病。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“It had a calming effect that helped him to disconnect from stress; and his astonishing images, showing insects and spiders in amazing detail against brightly colored backgrounds, caught the eye of publishers at National Geographic. (它具有镇静作用，帮助他摆脱压力；他所拍摄的惊人的图像，在色彩鲜艳的背景中以惊人的细节展示了昆虫和蜘蛛，引起了国家地理出版商的注意。)”可知，Doogue通过自然摄影，帮助自己摆脱压力。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had been suffering from depression when he first found his passion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured in National Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. “In the beginning, I was so paranoid (多疑的) and angry that I couldn’t leave the house,” says Doogue. “When I attempted to end my life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and that’s when I started photography. ”(34岁的自然摄影师Matt Doogue第一次发现自己拍昆虫的热情时，他一直患有抑郁症，他的作品现在被《国家地理》杂志刊登。他说，九年前，他在跌入谷底后试图自杀。Doogue说：“一开始，我非常多疑和愤怒，以至于我不能离开家。当我试图结束自己的生命时，我知道我需要看看某个人。我去看医生并接受治疗，但我知道我需要更多的东西，这就是我开始摄影的时候。”)”及第三段“Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle of an epidemic (流行病) of male suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. (虽然他担心苏格兰正处于男性自杀的流行病中，但他相信，分享自己对自然摄影的热爱，也可以帮助其他人应对他们的心理健康问题。)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是：介绍Doogue抵抗抑郁症的经历，并希望通过分享他的经历帮助更多有心理健康疾病的人，故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·江西景德镇一中·期中） In my childhood, my parents would take me to watch games. I loved the excitement I would feel when we went to watch these events, especially when the scores were close until the very end of the game. My meaningful attempt at sports began with T-ball at the age of three, progressed to the basketball court at six, and finally turned into a firm devotion to the game of baseball from the age of eight onward. One of my most memorable moments was at the World Series when I was eleven and played on the Texas Rattlers. The July heat was unbearable. It was the semi-final game. Sweating like a pig, we ran into the dugout for our last at-bat (上场击球); we were down one run now. I was the second hitter and captain of the team, and I was ready for this moment. In the next few seconds, I had the chance to show my strength as a hitter and my ability to be a leader under pressure by hitting a home run! We carried the day! As the team captain, I remember the time I had to give a speech to my team because we had lost an important game. I was nervous, but I knew it was my responsibility to cheer my team up when they were cast down. This experience has shaped my mind, making me become more independent, so I’m obtaining the ability to talk like a leader in front of my team and a group. Sports get it through my head that you can’t win at everything in life all the time. On and of the field, I am more iron-willed, disciplined (遵守纪律的) and respectful, and a better leader. I have had so many awesome experiences through sports, which have taught me much and prepared me for the future. The memories of all the trips and diverse experiences I have had will be with me for a lifetime. 1. What can we learn about the author from the first paragraph? A. He often switched sports. B. He was a gifted child in sports. C. He had a busy childhood. D. He was fond of sports from childhood. 2. How did the author feel during the semi-final at the World Series? A. Stressed and tired. B. Proud and confident. C. Unbearable and down. D. Surprised and energetic. 3. What was tough for the author according to paragraph 3? A. Leading his team to face failure. B. Giving a speech before the team. C. Improving his leadership qualities. D. Overcoming his own nervousness. 4. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Interesting Life of Sports B. Life Lessons from Sports C. Deep Affection for Sports D. Special Moments in Sports 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过体育运动获得的人生感悟。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In my childhood, my parents would take me to watch games. I loved the excitement I would feel when we went to watch these events, especially when the scores were close until the very end of the game. My meaningful attempt at sports began with T-ball at the age of three, progressed to the basketball court at six, and finally turned into a firm devotion to the game of baseball from the age of eight onward. (在我的童年时代，我的父母会带我去看比赛。我喜欢当我们去看这些比赛时所感受到的兴奋，尤其是当比分在最后关头仍然不相上下的时候。我三岁的时候，就开始有意义地尝试体育运动，从儿童棒球开始，六岁时开始打篮球，从八岁开始，我就对棒球产生了浓厚的兴趣。)”可推知，作者自幼就喜爱体育运动。故选D。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“One of my most memorable moments was at the World Series when I was eleven and played on the Texas Rattlers. The July heat was unbearable. It was the semi-final game. Sweating like a pig, we ran into the dugout for our last at-bat (上场击球); we were down one run now. I was the second hitter and captain of the team, and I was ready for this moment. In the next few seconds, I had the chance to show my strength as a hitter and my ability to be a leader under pressure by hitting a home run! We carried the day! (我最难忘的时刻之一，就是十一岁时我代表德克萨斯响尾蛇队参加世界大赛的时候。七月的酷热让人难以忍受。那是一场半决赛。我们像猪一样汗流浃背，冲进球员休息区进行最后一次击球；我们现在落后一分。我是队里的第二击球手和队长，我已经为这个时刻做好了准备。在接下来的几秒钟里，我有机会通过打出全垒打来展示我作为击球手的力量和在压力下作为领袖的能力！我们赢得了那天的比赛！)”可知，在作者难忘的一场半决赛中，在球队落后一分的情况下，他打出了本垒打，展示了他作为击球员的实力及球队队长的抗压能力，让球队赢得了比赛。通过这些描述，我们可以推断出，作者应是为此感到骄傲自豪的和自信的。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“As the team captain, I remember the time I had to give a speech to my team because we had lost an important game. I was nervous, but I knew it was my responsibility to cheer my team up when they were cast down. This experience has shaped my mind, making me become more independent, so I’m obtaining the ability to talk like a leader in front of my team and a group. Sports get it through my head that you can’t win at everything in life all the time. (作为队长，我记得有一次我不得不给我的球队演讲，因为我们输掉了一场重要的比赛。我很紧张，但我知道，当我的团队情绪低落时，我有责任让他们振作起来。这段经历塑造了我的思想，让我变得更加独立，所以我获得了在团队和团队面前像领导者一样说话的能力。体育运动让我明白，你不可能一直在生活中赢得一切。)”可知，作者认为困难的事是带领球队勇敢面对失败。故选A。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了作者从小就喜爱体育运动；第二段讲的是作者体育运动中的高光时刻；第三段讲的是体育运动教会作者接受失败；最后一段总结了体育运动教给作者很多东西，且这些经历和记忆将陪伴作者一生。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲述了作者通过体育运动获得的人生感悟，所以B项“Life Lessons from Sports (体育带给我们的人生感悟)”是本文最好的标题。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·湖南祁东育贤中学·期中） Decades ago, my friend Caetlin received a special assignment from the poet Robert L. Hass, who instructed each student to memorize three poems of their choosing from The Norton Anthology of American Literature—not for any urgent exam reason, he claimed, but instead to prepare them for their unavoidable future occasions when you’re going to be alone, and poetry is going to be all you have. If the task was as a strange one, it’s because the act of memorizing a poem feels curiously old-fashioned in an era when few of us encounter poetry at all. When I was in graduate school, working toward a degree in English literature, I mostly limited myself to essays. It was only in my 40s that I began to change my ways. It happened in a flight to Seattle. For hours, I read nothing else but a poem. Sometimes I spoke its lines aloud, my voice masked by the airplane’s thrum. Sometimes I went through the whole poem at once, and sometimes I repeated a single stanza (诗节) over and over, and by the time my plane landed on the West Coast, I had the whole thing, all 40 lines of it, in my head. Because the process is as simple as it is very boring, memorizing a great poem always begins as a crime. The boredom of repetition reduces the great charm it has. But as you run your hands through the rock, the lines at last come together again, and the scattered text transforms back into a treasure. In other words, poetry survives continuously by becoming a part of those who read it. It can do so only because it is so specific, so entirely different from us, that taking it in expands our own sense of what we are. Some of the poems I’ve memorized are already fading, and that’s fine. I know that if I spend a little time with them, they’ll sing in me again. Others keep beating in me like a new pulse. I won’t promise you that memorizing poetry will make your life better, but it will make you more: more in touch with language, with other minds, maybe with what you might yet become. 1. Why did Robert L. Hass advise students to read poems? A. To become literature professors. B. To prepare for the coming exams. C. To compose more original poems. D. To relieve their future loneliness. 2. Why does the author say that memorizing a poem begins as a crime? A. It’s out of date to recite poems. B. Repetition wastes a lot of time. C. Repetition ruins the poem’s beauty. D. It’s a shame to read poems on plane. 3. How does understanding poetry influence us? A. By broadening self-understanding. B. By refreshing our good memories. C. By helping us survive the hard life. D. By reminding us to forget the past. 4. What is the author’s attitude towards memorizing poetry in the last paragraph? A. Doubtful. B. Reserved. C. Appreciative. D. Critical. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者朋友多年前被诗人Robert L. Hass布置了一项特别任务——背诵三首诗，以及作者自己后来开始背诵诗歌的经历和感悟。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“not for any urgent exam reason, he claimed, but instead to prepare them for their unavoidable future occasions when you’re going to be alone, and poetry is going to be all you have(他声称，这不是因为任何紧急的考试原因，而是为了让他们为将来不可避免的孤独时刻做好准备，届时诗歌将成为你唯一拥有的东西)。”可知，Robert L. Hass的目的是为了让学生在未来孤独时有所依靠，以缓解孤独感。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Because the process is as simple as it is very boring, memorizing a great poem always begins as a crime. The boredom of repetition reduces the great charm it has(因为这个过程既简单又无聊，背诵一首伟大的诗总是开始得像是一种罪过。重复的无聊减少了它所具有的巨大魅力)。”可知，作者认为背诵诗歌的过程中，重复的无聊会破坏诗歌的魅力，因此开始背诵诗歌时就像是一种罪过。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“In other words, poetry survives continuously by becoming a part of those who read it. It can do so only because it is so specific, so entirely different from us, that taking it in expands our own sense of what we are(换句话说，诗歌通过成为读者的一部分而不断存在。它之所以能做到这一点，是因为它是如此的具体，与我们如此的不同，以至于接受它扩展了我们对自己是什么的感觉)。”可知，理解诗歌可以扩展我们对自我的认识，影响我们对自我的理解。A选项“By broadening self-understanding.(通过拓宽自我理解)”符合题意。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“I won’t promise you that memorizing poetry will make your life better, but it will make you more: more in touch with language, with other minds, maybe with what you might yet become(我不会向你保证背诵诗歌会让你的生活变得更好，但它会让你变得更多：更多地接触语言，接触其他思想，也许还有你可能成为的样子)。”可知，作者对背诵诗歌持赞赏的态度，认为背诵诗歌可以让人更多地接触语言、其他思想和可能的自我。故选C。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·四川绵竹中学·期中） College students around the world have recently developed products and designs for a chance to win the James Dyson Sustainability Award. The competition is tough, as many of the brightest engineers and scientists compete for the prize. But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue’s ultimately won — for good reason! The 27-year-old from the Philippines has been studying at one of the country’s top engineering schools and will graduate soon. Throughout his time there, he learned plenty about design, which is what led him to create AuREUS System Technology. These solar panels are made from food waste and transform UV light (紫外线) into renewable energy, even on a cloudy day! According to the awarding remarks, AuREUS combines renewable material and advanced technology, which allows other devices to harvest UV light and transform it into electricity. Of course, “it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose and making it the most striking one! It’s truly a game changer!” AuREUS is based on a plastic material, so it can be formed into different shapes. The science behind it is a bit confusing, but in Carvey’s words, “AuREUS is actually a material, or a technology. With AuREUS, we upcycle the crops of the farmers that were hit by natural disasters, such as typhoons, which also happen to be an effect of climate change. By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future-looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now.” While it’s clear to us that this product is special, Carvey was still caught by surprise when he found out he won the competition. It took a few days for him to process the news, and he’s already looking at what he can create next! “I was very happy because I know that through this award, I will be able to reach out to more people,” he added. “This is my second time applying, and through persistence, I managed to win.” 1. What is the function of the second paragraph? A. To offer background information about Carvey. B. To show how Carvey prepared for the competition. C. To explain why Carvey could win the competition. D. To introduce some unknown factors behind the win. 2. What makes AuREUS stand out from the entries? A. Its sustainability. B. Its high technology. C. Its new materials. D. Its effective use. 3. What can we learn about AuREUS? A. It can detect some food waste. B. It may promote crop production. C. It is mainly meant for farmers. D. It can make waste advantageous. 4. Which of the following words can best describe Carvey? A. Positive and hotheaded. B. Hard-working and humble. C. Helpful and persistent. D. Broad-minded and accessible. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了菲律宾27岁学生Carvey Ehren Maigue凭借AuREUS系统技术在James Dyson可持续发展大奖赛中脱颖而出的故事。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The 27-year-old from the Philippines has been studying at one of the country’s top engineering schools and will graduate soon. Throughout his time there, he learned plenty about design, which is what led him to create AuREUS System Technology. These solar panels are made from food waste and transform UV light (紫外线) into renewable energy, even on a cloud y day! (这位27岁的菲律宾人一直在菲律宾一所顶尖的工程学校学习，很快就要毕业了。在那里的这段时间里，他学到了很多关于设计的知识，这就是他创建AuREUS系统技术的原因。这些太阳能电池板由食物垃圾制成，即使在阴天也能将紫外线转化为可再生能源)”可知，第二段介绍了Carvey的学习背景，并指出正是因此他才研发了AuREUS系统；再结合第一段最后一句“But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue’s ultimately won— for good reason! (虽然每个参赛作品都令人印象深刻，但卡维·埃伦·麦格的最终获奖是有充分理由的！)”可知，第二段的功能是解释了为什么Carvey能够赢得比赛。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose and making it the most striking one! (它是环保的，可以长期使用，完全符合我们的目的，使它成为最引人注目的！)”可知，AuREUS环保且耐用的特点让它符合比赛的宗旨，因此是可持续性使它脱颖而出。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“With AuREUS, we upcycle the crops of the farmers that were hit by natural disasters, such as typhoons, which also happen to be an effect of climate change. By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future- looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now. (通过AuREUS，我们对遭受自然灾害（如台风）袭击的农民的作物进行升级利用，而台风也恰好是气候变化的影响。通过将它们转化为新能源，我们既可以着眼于未来，又可以解决我们目前遇到的问题。)”可知，这种技术可以对遭受了自然灾害影响的农民的农作物加以循环利用，将它们转化为新的能源。AuREUS能够变废为宝。故选D。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的““I was very happy because I know that through this award, I will be able to reach out to more people,” he added. “This is my second time applying, and through persistence, I managed to win.” (“我很高兴，因为我知道，通过这个奖项，我将能够接触到更多的人，”他补充说。“这是我第二次申请，通过坚持，我成功了。”)”可知，Carvey是一个乐于助人且坚持不懈的人。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·广东顺德德胜学校·期中） For many years, Bruce Bexler dreamed of going where no human had gone before. He wanted to cut a path through unexplored lands and discover rare species. That might sound like an impossible dream, but Bexler turned it into a reality. In December 2015, he and a team of Australian and American scientists explored into a remote tropical rain forest on the island of New Guinea. They were the first people ever to enter the mist-covered region. “As time was limited, we were dropped in by helicopter. Once we were on the ground, there were no trails (踪迹) anywhere; it was really hard to get around,” Bexler says. Within minutes of landing, the team spotted a black chicken-like bird with strange orange skin hanging from its neck. The scientists soon determined that the unusual creature was a type of honeyeater — the first new bird species to be sighted on New Guinea in 60 years. The honeyeater wasn’t the only surprise for the scientists. They discovered more than 40 previously unknown plant and animal species — 13 birds of paradise, 20 frogs, 4 butterflies, and 5 palms. “We were like kids in a candy store,” Bexler recalls. “Everywhere we looked, we saw amazing things we had never seen before? The newfound species didn’t shy away from the scientists. Two long-nosed echidnas-primitive egg-laying mammals — let the visitors pick them up and take them back to camp to study them in echidna looks like a hedgehog and is also called a spiny anteater. Bexler thinks the animals weren’t scared because they had never seen humans before in almost all parts of New Guinea, animals are hunted for food, and because of this, they are very cautious of people,” he explains. “This area gives scientists a place where they can go to study the behaviors of animals that have not yet learned to be afraid of people.” Scientists believe the area is probably the largest untouched forest in Asia. Local people called Kwerba hunt and collect plants from outer-edges of the forest but told Bexler that not even their ancestors had gone so far into the woods. The wooded area is approximately a 10-day walk from the nearest village. Bexler and his team did not have enough time during the expedition to study the area completely. They hope to return and expect to record many more undiscovered species. “We just scratched the surface,” Bexler says. “Anyone who goes there will come back with a mystery.” 1. What does Bruce mean in Para. 4 when he says the scientists “were like kids in a candy store”? A. They were acting like naughty children. B. They were very excited about what they saw. C. They didn’t have enough food and were hungry. D. They knew that if they kept searching, they’d find sugar. 2. Why did some of the animals allow the scientists to pick them up? A. The scientists seemed to be very friendly. B. The scientists were skilled in handling animals. C. The animals had no experience or fear of people. D. The animals had been well-trained by the local people. 3. What can we conclude about the area Bruce Bexler explored? A. The best way to explore the area is by helicopter. B. The area has not been visited by scientists for many years. C. The area still contains many plants and animals unknown to science. D. The locals are unwilling to allow the scientists to enter the deep woods. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述布鲁斯·贝克斯勒深入新几内亚未开发地区，发现多种未知动植物的故事。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The honeyeater wasn’t the only surprise for the scientists. They discovered more than 40 previously unknown plant and animal species—13 birds of paradise, 20 frogs, 4 butterflies, and 5 palms. “We were like kids in a candy store,” Bexler recalls. “Everywhere we looked, we saw amazing things we had never seen before?( 蜜雀并不是科学家们唯一的惊喜。他们发现了40多种以前不为人知的动植物物种——13种天堂鸟、20种青蛙、4种蝴蝶和5种棕榈树。贝克斯勒回忆道：“我们就像进了糖果店的孩子。“我们所到之处，都能看到以前从未见过的神奇事物。”)” 可知，第四段提到科学家们发现了 40 多种此前未知的动植物物种，贝克斯勒将他们比作“糖果店里的孩子”，后文补充“Everywhere we looked, we saw amazing things we had never seen before”（所见之处都是从未见过的奇妙事物）。这表明他们对新发现感到极度兴奋，而非行为顽皮、饥饿或寻找糖分。故选B项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Bexler thinks the animals weren’t scared because they had never seen humans before in almost all parts of New Guinea, animals are hunted for food, and because of this, they are very cautious of people,” he explains. “This area gives scientists a place where they can go to study the behaviors of animals that have not yet learned to be afraid of people.”(贝克斯勒认为，这些动物并不害怕，因为它们以前几乎在新几内亚的所有地方都没有见过人类。动物是被猎杀的食物，正因为如此，它们对人类非常谨慎。“这个领域为科学家们提供了一个研究尚未学会害怕人类的动物行为的地方。”)”可推知，有些动物会允许科学家把它们捡起来是因为这些动物没有人类的经验或恐惧。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Bexler and his team did not have enough time during the expedition to study the area completely. They hope to return and expect to record many more undiscovered species. “We just scratched the surface,” Bexler says. “Anyone who goes there will come back with a mystery.”(贝克斯勒和他的团队在考察期间没有足够的时间对该地区进行全面研究。他们希望能回到这里，记录更多未被发现的物种。贝克斯勒说：“我们只是触及了表面。“任何去那里的人都会带着一个谜回来。”)”可推知，关于布鲁斯·贝克斯勒探索过的地区，我们能得出这个地区仍然有许多科学上未知的动植物。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·江苏南师大附中·期中） As a geographer, I wanted to offer a summer study abroad program on sustainability. However, it wouldn’t make sense to design a sustainability program that includes flying due to planes’ excessive carbon footprint. Alternatively, Amtrak’s trains generate 40% less CO2 per person compared to flying. Combining my love of Amtrak with a desire to get students out of the classroom, we found ourselves riding across the country to learn about sustainable tourism, landscapes and urban and regional planning. Destinations serve as living laboratories for our students. Classes in some cities, such as Galesburg, Illinois, or Sacramento, California, focus more heavily on exploring the cities’ industrial histories. In cities such as Portland, Oregon, or Glenwood Springs, Colorado, which experience large flows of visitors every year, we focus more on tourism and planning. While staying in Glenwood Springs, students complete an assignment about “destination tourism” — when tourism becomes the primary driver or economic base of a region. Students ride the bus “up valley” to Aspen. On the bus, they come to understand what they’ve read in “The Slums of Aspen,” a book about how the ski town passed a resolution that pushed out their immigrant (移民) workers, who live farther and farther “down valley” but still work in Aspen. Once students arrive in Aspen — during the offseason (淡季), in May — they find a polished empty town full of high-end fashion stores. After returning to Glenwood Springs, they reflect on the differences between the cities in terms of housing costs, sustainability and tourism labor. After finishing this course, the students have a better understanding of how and why they can use public transportation in their daily lives. They also have a greater understanding of the positive and negative impacts of tourism on a place. Ultimately, they learn how they, as travelers and community members, can contribute to a more sustainable and equitable future. 1. Why did trains win the author’s heart over plancs? A. Relatively lower financial cost. B. Enhanced comfort and convenience. C. Reduced environmental impacts. D. More opportunities for exploration, 2. Which of the following describes the author’s teaching approach? A. Comparing cities’ cultural histories. B. Focusing on each city’s unique features. C. Asking students to explore the cities themselves. D. Examining cities’ strategies toward overtourism. 3. What is the author’s attitude toward Aspen’s development plan? A. Confused. B. Supportive. C. Critical. D. Unconcerned. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Living Laboratories for Leisure B. Touring Toward Trends C. Solutions to Sustainability D. Railroad to Renewal 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位地理学家将Amtrak火车旅行与可持续性研究相结合，设计暑期留学项目，带领学生通过火车旅行实地学习可持续旅游、景观以及城市和区域规划等知识的经历。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“However, it wouldn’t make sense to design a sustainability program that includes flying due to planes’ excessive carbon footprint. Alternatively, Amtrak’s trains generate 40% less CO2 per person compared to flying. (然而，由于飞机的碳足迹过大，设计一个包含飞行的可持续发展项目是不合理的。相比之下，美国铁路公司（Amtrak）的火车每人产生的二氧化碳比飞机少40%)”可知，火车因其更低的碳排放量（即较小的环境影响）赢得了作者的青睐。故选C项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Classes in some cities, such as Galesburg, Illinois, or Sacramento, California, focus more heavily on exploring the cities’ industrial histories. In cities such as Portland, Oregon, or Glenwood Springs, Colorado, which experience large flows of visitors every year, we focus more on tourism and planning. (在一些城市，如伊利诺伊州的盖尔斯堡或加利福尼亚州的萨克拉门托，课程更侧重于探索城市的工业历史；而在每年迎来大量游客的城市，如俄勒冈州的波特兰或科罗拉多州的格伦伍德泉，我们则更关注旅游与规划)”可知，作者的教学方法是根据不同城市的特点设计不同的学习重点，体现了“关注每个城市的独特特征”的教学方法。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Students ride the bus “up valley” to Aspen. On the bus, they come to understand what they’ve read in “The Slums of Aspen,” a book about how the ski town passed a resolution that pushed out their immigrant (移民) workers, who live farther and farther “down valley” but still work in Aspen. (学生们乘坐巴士“上河谷”前往阿斯彭。在车上，他们逐渐理解了《阿斯彭的贫民窟》一书中的内容——这本书讲述了这个滑雪小镇如何通过一项决议驱逐移民工人，这些工人被迫住在越来越远的“下河谷”，但仍在阿斯彭工作)”可知，作者通过引用书籍内容，揭示了阿斯彭发展计划中驱逐移民工人的不合理性，隐含对其发展模式缺乏可持续性和公平性的批判态度。故选C项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Combining my love of Amtrak with a desire to get students out of the classroom, we found ourselves riding across the country to learn about sustainable tourism, landscapes and urban and regional planning. (结合我对美国铁路公司的热爱和让学生走出课堂的愿望，我们踏上了横跨美国的旅程，学习可持续旅游、景观以及城市与区域规划)”以及最后一段“Ultimately, they learn how they, as travelers and community members, can contribute to a more sustainable and equitable future. (最终，他们学会了如何作为旅行者和社区成员，为更可持续、更公平的未来贡献力量)”综合全文内容可知，全文围绕作者利用Amtrak火车旅行开展可持续性研究项目展开，火车不仅是交通工具，更是连接不同学习目的地的纽带，学生通过火车旅行学习可持续发展知识，实现对可持续未来的认知“更新”。D项“通往更新的铁路”既点明交通方式，又呼应可持续发展的主题，最适合作标题。故选D项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解 记叙文 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·陕西永寿县中学·期中） Can you sing in different voices? Chinese singer Zhou Shen can do this. The 27-year-old has become more popular after appearing on the TV show Singer. On the show, he sang a song in five different voices including the voice of a little girl, a king and a young man. He records in his unusual ways - he has performed in his bedroom twice due to the novel coronavirus outbreak - but also with his singing itself. Zhou’s road to success was not easy. He loved singing when he was a little boy. However, his voice didn’t change like other boys during puberty (青春期). It still sounded like a girl’s voice. His classmates laughed at him and he dared not sing in public. But his love of music made him stronger. Producer Gao Xiaosong said Zhou has “come out of the cocoon (茧) and become a butterfly”. It has taken Zhou a long time to do so. While studying in Ukraine, he learned Ukrainian, Russian, Italian and Polish. He can sing Let It Go in nine different languages. He started to sing on TV talent shows and gradually came to accept himself. At 17, he first sang online without showing his face. Some people fell in love with it. On one of his birthdays, he agreed to show his face. However, when they found out that he was a man, some of them made fun of him. Zhou felt bad about this, but later he got the chance to sing the theme song to the movie Big Fish and Begonia which turned out to be a big success. “I accept my voice,” Zhou said. “It is good as long as it is natural and honest.” Zhou Shen doesn’t just sing well. He is also humorous. He has a nice personality (性格) and is friendly to his fans. Some people call him “treasure boy”. 1. What did Zhou Shen do on the TV show Singer? A. He won first place in the program. B. He made a record in his bedroom. C. He sang a song in different sounds. D. He performed a show in five languages. 2. Why did Zhou Shen’s voice sound like a girl’s? A. An accident changed his voice. B. He wanted to be different from others. C. His voice didn’t change during puberty. D. He practiced singing like his favorite singer. 3. People call Zhou Shen “treasure boy” because of his ________. A. rich life B. popular songs C. love for music D. personalities and talent 4. What is the purpose of the text? A. To present Zhou Shen’s songs. B. To show Zhou Shen’s road to success. C. To explain Zhou Shen’s special voice. D. To introduce Zhou Shen’s new movie. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·福建莆田十五中·期中） Suppose I were to ask you to name some of the greatest nurses that the world has ever known. Chances are you will give me the name of Florence Nightingale, the wealthy woman who gave off her everything to serve the needy people of her time and become a nurse. She’s still pictured today as she was in the Crimean War (克里米亚战争) of 1853, carrying a lamp from sickbed to sickbed where she tended to the wounded, and that is how she earned herself the title of “The Lady With The Lamp”. Born on May 12th, 1820, she was a genius who spoke multiple languages and pioneered the concepts of statistical analysis that are still used today. Her parents were different, too. They were super-wealthy, and actually cared about the education of their two daughters. This came as a surprise because at that time, being born with two X chromosomes (染色体) was the high road to a life full of knitting and taking care of a household but her father was really dedicated to his two daughters. Education for women at that time was still at its earliest but Florence got the best education possible. On February 5, 1837, the teenage Florence declared that she had had a vision and God had commanded her to end suffering in this world and this is when she joined Nursing. Both of her parents disagreed with that, considering that at that time nursing was looked down upon. Florence over the next 12-13 years tried convincing her parents, but they didn’t give in. Aged 29, she even refused suitors (求婚者) to focus on her nursing career which at that time was non-existent. When Florence turned 30, her dad was completely worn out from resisting and then sent her to Germany for nursing training. In 1853 her dream was completely realized and she undertook a job in London at a hospital. 1. Why was Nightingale called “The Lady With The Lamp”? A. She was the greatest nurse in the world. B. She attended the Crimean War in 1853. C. She took a lamp to take better pictures. D. She tirelessly cared for the wounded carrying a lamp. 2. What can be inferred about Nightingale’s father according to paragraph 2? A. He was strict with his two daughters. B. He believed women should stay at home. C. He placed a high value on education. D. He objected to his daughter’s becoming a nurse. 3. How is the passage developed? A. By making comparisons. B. By listing reasons. C. By following time order. D. By listing examples. 4. Which of the following can best describe Nightingale? A. Selfless and determined. B. Caring and mean. C. Serious and stubborn. D. Optimistic and knowledgeable. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·广东东莞七市·期中） When it comes to the most famous 20th century painters of the United States, Grandma Moses should be mentioned, although she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies. As she once said to herself, “I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me”. No one could have had a more active old age. She was born on a farm in New York State, one of five boys and five girls. At 12 she left home and was in domestic service until at 27 she married Thomas Moses, the hired hand of one of her employers. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. She had ten children, of whom five survived; her husband died in 1927. Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery (刺绣) pictures as a hobby, but only changed to oils in old age because her hands became too stiffto sew and she still wanted to keep busy and pass the time Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought all that she painted. Three of the pictures were exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art, and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930's and her death, she produced some 2,000 pictures: careful and lively portrayals (描写) of the country life she had known for so long, with a wonderful sense of color and form. "I think really hard till I think of something really pretty, and then I paint it" she said. 1. What can we learn about Moses? A. She stopped painting in her late seventies. B. She still led an active life when she was old. C. Her marriage life was not happy. D. She painted oils as a child. 2. What did Grandma Moses spend most of her life doing? A. Embroidering. B. Farming. C. Nursing. D. Painting. 3. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Grandma Moses and Her Farm Life. B. Grandma Moses: the Best Woman Painter in the world. C. Grandma Moses and Her Exhibition. D. Grandma Moses: A Famous Woman Painter of 20th Century. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·湖南衡阳四中·期中） Zheng He was one of China’s most famous explorers (探险家). Towards the end of the fourteenth century, his fleet (舰队) sailed to countries far away. Zheng He had over 300 ships, some of which were over 150 meters long, and could carry up to 1, 000 people. Besides, the ships carried gold, silver, silk, china and other treasures to give as gifts to the rulers of other countries. Some ships even had earth on board so that the sailors could grow their crops for food. On Zheng He’s first voyage, he set sail across the Indian Ocean. His fleet travelled many days far away from land. One day, they were hit by a storm. All the sailors thought the fleet was going to sink (下沉). Then a strange light appeared and after that, the storm passed. The strange light was probably electricity from the thunderstorm (雷雨), but the sailors in Zheng He’s fleet believed it was a sign of protection from the gods. With the belief, they were happy to follow Zheng He wherever he led them. Zheng He completed seven famous voyages between 1405 and 1433. He visited many countries in Asia and Africa. He brought back many gifts from the countries he visited, such as medicines, pearls (珍珠) and strange animals. The most famous of them were a giraffe and a zebra. In 28 years of travelling, Zheng He had managed to share the glory of China with many different countries. When he died in 1435, the stories of his travels made him one of China’s most famous sailors. 1. Some ships carried earth on board so that the sailors could________. A. use it as a gift B. use it for exchange C. plant trees for shade D. grow their own crops for food 2. The sailors were happy to follow Zheng He because of________. A. his leadership B. his fame C. the belief in gods’ protecting them D. a heavy storm 3. The most famous gifts Zheng He brought back were________. A. a monkey and a tiger B. a giraffe and a zebra C. gold and silver D. medicines and pearls 4. The best title of the passage can be___________. A. The Glory of China B. Zheng He’s Life C. Zheng He and His Voyages D. China’s Most Famous Explorers 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·福建泉州科技中学·期中） This summer, I marked what some call a “milestone birthday”. My approach to birthdays is usually twofold: fear them in advance and bear them in the moment. But this year, I decided to confront my birthday directly instead of tolerating it awkwardly. Rather than wait to receive cards and gifts, why not celebrate my birthday by giving presents to others? Maybe turning tradition upside down would assuage my discomfort. Science was on my side. Studies have found that spending money on others makes us happier than spending money on ourselves. “We observe this all over the world, even in places where people are struggling to meet their own basic needs. Charitable contributions activate the reward centres of our brain that spark for delights such as music and food,” Elizabeth Dunn, a University of British Columbia psychology professor told me. Armed with these studies, I began planning my experiment. The gift had to be small enough to mail in an envelope and meaningful enough to touch hearts. I decided on pencils. I located a vendor (商贩) in Central California who could customize pencils. I ordered them in pink to honour my last name. And I engraved (雕刻) them with three messages about pencils that double as messages about life: Stay sharp. Get to the point. Erasing is creating. With my wife, I turned our kitchen table into a fulfillment centre. We printed labels, slid three pencils into a sleeve and each sleeve into an envelope. Then, in two walks to our neighbourhood post office, we sent 98 gifts out to the world. A few days later, I got texts and emails from the pencil recipients (收件者). I heard from about three-fourths of them that they like the gift. Several people sent photos of their new pink pencils along with thanks or birthday wishes. A few told me how touched they were that I thought of them. One person texted fire and heart emojis. This exercise deepened my sense of gratitude and connection. For a few moments, I forgot I was turning okay, I’ll say the number now, 60. 1. What does the underlined word “assuage” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Ease. B. Cause. C. Hide. D. Express. 2. What can we learn from Elizabeth Dunn’s words in Paragraph 2? A. People worldwide observe birthdays. B. Giving offers people more pleasure. C. Material wealth generates charity. D. People in need are more likely to donate. 3. Why did the author tailor the pencils pink? A. To entertain children. B. To make them striking. C. To highlight the messages on them. D. To bear a mark of himself. 4. What’s Paragraph 5 mainly about? A. How the pencils were packed and sent. B. How the author’s birthday was celebrated. C. How people responded to the author’s gift. D. How the author reflected on the experience. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·广东河溪中学·期中） When young, I loved going on trail（小路） runs. It was my favorite way to escape stress. So, when I was back in my hometown after a tough first year of my Ph. D. program, I thought a trail run was just what I needed. But instead of helping me relax, the run did just the opposite. After I moved to the city for college, where my runs were on flat concrete paths instead of winding dirt trails, I used a GPS watch. When I went on trail runs again in the country, it constantly reminded me of the fact that I wasn’t keeping up with my usual pace. I turned my watch off, thinking that would allow me to enjoy my surroundings and find the peace I expected, but I worried I was under performing. “Why can’ t I let go and just enjoy myself?” I wondered. But after some introspection（反省）, I realized why I was struggling—both on trail runs and in graduate school. Going into my Ph. D. , I had thought that my solid undergraduate track record would set me up for instant success. To my surprise, I was wrong. I lacked confidence in my research abilities which I thought stopped me performing well and I constantly felt my progress was too slow. Other students’ self-confidence and their excellent results made me feel insecure. Finally, one day I broke down in tears in my adviser’ s office. Then came my visit home: I was having trouble because I hadn't t properly adjusted my expectations to the differences between an urban run and a trail run. A Ph. D. is like a trail run: Sometimes you can run fast. Sometimes you might find yourself climbing up a steep, winding trail at a snail’ s pace. And that’ s OK. Barriers are unavoidable, and success looks and feels different on a challenging trail than it does on a smooth, flat path. Sometimes it’ s best to take a deep breath and do your best to meet the challenge. 1. How did the author feel when he was on trail runs again? A. Relaxed. B. Tired. C. Anxious. D. Happy. 2. What resulted in the author’ s poor performance in Ph. D A. His lack of confidence. B. His lack of hard work. C. His poor research abilities. D. His poor track record. 3. What does the author want to show in the last paragraph? A. His desire for success. B. His confidence of trail runs. C. His expectations in his study. D. His realization after the trail run. 4. What does the author want to tell us? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. Working out regularly is beneficial. C. It’ s important to make necessary adjustments. D. It’ s vital to turn to others for help. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·浙江杭州西湖区·期中） Australia looks browner and flatter than I remembered; it’s dry grass here and there dotted with tough bushes and unremarkable buildings. The lighting is violently intense. My friend keeps talking in the driver’s seat and I respond with ‘Ah-huh’ and ‘Oh really?’ to appear interested in her string of gossip about people whose faces I have long forgotten, whose stories I’ve stopped caring about. ‘Are you okay?’ my friend asks, taking her eyes off the road to study my expression with her all-knowing eyes. ‘Just tired,’ I say. She accepts my lie with an unconvinced shrug. I keep searching in my mind’s eyes, hoping to bring back into focus images from the remote towns of Asia: steam coming off boiling pots, baskets filled with strange fruits, giant pigs alongside little kids. I laugh at the thought. ‘Something funny?’ my friend asks. ‘Oh, just a memory,’ I say. ‘The little kids in northern Thailand were so friendly. When we’d pass them in the street, they’d greet us at the top of their lungs in their native language.’ ‘Cool,’ she says, and then-’Hey, guess what? I had my bathroom remade!’ ‘Wow,’ I say. And then she details her bathroom project, and I ‘Ah-huh’ and ‘Oh really?’. Home improvements, kids, full-time jobs: these are the standard conversation topics of thirty-something women. In the years since I left, my friends have matured into responsible adults, but I’m stuck in another place entirely, more comfortable in a local bus traveling along the edge of a Himalayan mountain. If they are all grownups now, what does that make me? People say that travel changes you, but I never anticipated it would be like this. I close my eyes and return to the excitement of being sped at 565 miles per hour to somewhere foreign and wild. But I must stay this time. My dad has been diagnosed with a serious illness and so here I am, back in reality, back to my roots. 1. How does the author feel on her arrival in Australia? A. Interested. B. Conflicted. C. Exhausted. D. Excited. 2. What can be learned about the conversation between the author and her friend? A. They have different interests and lives as grownups. B. They share fond memories of growing up together. C. They care about and provide updates for each other. D. They enjoy telling personal stories to exchange ideas. 3. By “If they are all grownups now, what does that make me?” (in the second last paragraph), the author means _________. A. they make me think of growing up as they do B. we are all adults who will eventually settle down C. a comfortable home is what we all need as adults D. diverse experiences shape individuals’ life paths 4. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. Feeling Lost When Back in Australia B. The Excitement of Traveling to Australia C. Australia: A Place like Asia in My Heart D. Out of Asia, Out of Mind Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·江西武宁二中·期中） As everyone knows, English is very important today. It has been used everywhere in the world. It has become the most common language on the Internet and for international trade. If we can speak English well, we will have more chances to succeed. Because more and more people have taken notice of it, the number of the people who go to learn English has increased at a high speed. But for myself, I learn English not only because of its importance and its usefulness, but also because of my love for it. When I learn English, I can feel a different way of thinking which gives me more room to touch the world. When I read English novels, I can feel the pleasure from the book which is different from reading the translation. When I speak English, I can feel the confidence from my words. When I write English,I can see the beauty which is not the same as our Chinese… I love English, because it gives me a colorful dream. I hope I can travel around the world one day. With my good English, I can make friends with many people from different countries and see many places of great interests. I dream that I can go to London, because it is the birthplace of English. I also want to use my good English to introduce our great places to the people who speak English. I hope that they can love our country like us. I know, Rome was not built in a day. I believe that after continuous hard study, one day I can speak English very well. If you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable. So I believe, as I love English, it will love me too. I am sure that I will realize my dream one day! 1. What’s the main idea of the first paragraph? A. English is changing quickly. B. English has the largest speakers in the world. C. More and more people enjoy learning English. D. English is becoming increasingly important in our daily life. 2. Which of the following is not the reason why the author likes learning English? A. The author’s parents force him to study English. B. English is very important. C. English is very useful. D. The author likes English. 3. When the author reads English novels, he feels ______. A. pressed. B. anxious. C. pleased. D. confident. 4. What can we learn from the last but one paragraph? A. Loving others is very important. B. Loving English can make you successful. C. If you want to get love from others, you should first love others. D. You should learn to respect others if you want to learn English well. 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·云南开远一中·期中） It was a beautiful spring day. The Earth was finally awakening from her winter sleep. New life was everywhere. The sky was clear and blue. The air smelled sweet. The sun was kissing the world with its warmth. I was driving to pick my son up from the sheltered workshop. On my drive I saw the flowers opening in people’s yards. The fields were full of yellow dandelions (蒲公英) with some already turning into little white balls of seeds. The trees were starting to awaken too. The flowers on them were white, purple, and pink. The songs of the birds were in the air as well. I was feeling the love from the creation all around me. I longed to be a part of it and share my love as well. I pulled into the driveway of the sheltered workshop and parked my car. As I got out, I saw a lost little caterpillar (毛虫) crawling the wrong way towards the sidewalk. He was just about to go under my tire (轮胎) when I reached down and picked him up. I held him gently in my hand and walked over to the grassy hillside on the other side of the parking lot. I sat him down and said, “You will never become a butterfly if you get run over, my friend. Please stay in the grass.” Then I walked off with a smile on my face and a happiness filling my heart. A friend once wrote me and asked what he could do to make a difference in this world. I wrote him back and said, “Everything!” Everything we do makes a difference in this world. Everything we do can help all the creation in the world. Every act of kindness, every shared smile, every moment of love makes a difference. Even saving a single butterfly is priceless. 1. What can we infer about the author? A. He preferred winter to spring. B. He saw people planting flowers in the yards. C. He went to the workshop together with his son. D. He appreciated new life and desired to share his love. 2. What happened to the caterpillar? A. It went the wrong way and was nearly injured by a car. B. It was discovered by the author in the grass. C. It was taken away by the author to his car. D. It would soon become a butterfly. 3. Which word can best describe the author? A. Caring. B. Calm. C. Confident. D. Indifferent. 4. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. Explain his views on nature. B. Give some advice to his friend. C. Show his opinion on making a difference. D. Stress the importance of saving a caterpillar. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·陕西岐山·期中） As a boy I was always small for my age. I was also five years younger than one of my brothers and seven years younger than the other. As a result I often felt left out when their friends came over to play. I was either too small or too young for whatever they were doing and they didn’t want me to listen to their conventions, either. More often than not I found myself outside playing alone and feeling forgotten. I remember one spring afternoon feeling especially lonely as I sat in the yard behind our house. We lived miles from town and I rarely saw my own friends outside of school. I heard my brothers laughing from inside the house and felt tears coming down my cheek. At that moment I saw a large brown dog walking over to me. He looked happy and his tail was wagging as well. Even though he didn’t know me, he greeted me like a long-lost friend, licking my feet and sitting beside me on the spring grass. It must have been for at least an hour that I petted and talked to this four-legged angel. He let me pour out all my troubles and share my deepest thoughts before he kissed my cheek goodbye. I went back inside feeling happy, knowing that no matter what life may hold, I was loved. Now over 40 years later I still remember that angel with a smile. I believe that God sent him in that moment of sadness to remind me just how much he loved me. In truth, nothing brings us greater joy than knowing we are loved. Knowing we are loved gives us the strength to love others as well. Knowing we are loved aids us in making Earth more like Heaven. Embrace that love, take joy in it, and then go out and share your own love with the world. 1. When the author’s brother’s friends came to their house, the author ________. A. couldn’t play with them B. was permitted to listen to their talk C. was unwilling to communicate with them D. was happy to take part in their activities 2. What can we conclude from the second paragraph? A. The large brown dog frightened the author. B. The author preferred to be in a quiet place. C. The dog greeted him like a long-lost friend. D. The author often invited many friends to his house. 3. When the author returned to his home, ________. A. he felt much happier than before B. he led this four-legged angel home C. he shared his thoughts with his brothers D. he was unwilling to play with his brothers 4. What does the text mainly want to express? A. We should take care of dogs. B. We must know we are loved. C. We need to give our love to others. D. We can play with our brothers happily. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·河南项城三高·期中） Carnival: One Day in Rio Last year I wont to the Rio de Janeiro Carnival, and it blew my mind. It had been my dream to attend the famous carnival for many years, so I was excited. However, the moment I arrived, I was a little bit nervous because there were so many people on the streets. They say that five or six million people come to Rio during carnival time and about two million of them are on the streets on any given day. Luckily, I had a local guide, my sister’s friend Ronnie. He said he would take care of me and show me all the highlights. He did not let me down. The carnival is most definitely all about the samba. It’s a style of music and dance which has its roots in Africa. Lots of Africans were used as slave labor by the Portuguese when Brazil was being colonized (沦为殖民地), so this mixed culture of African. Latin and European styles is really strong here. Samba music is usually fast and exciting with a lot of drums and harmonic vocals (和声). It’s the kind of music that you can’t help dancing to, and I was learning that as I followed Ronnie through the crowd, my hips and shoulders were swinging (摇摆) almost involuntarily. Ronnie had got us tickets for the samba parade, the symbol of Brazilian culture, inside the Sambadrome where the top samba schools compete for the championship title, but we still had a long way to go through the street parties. He said most people enjoy the carnival by throwing their own parties in the street. About the samba parade, twelve main teams compete for the championship, and if they win, their performance will be talked about for years to come. So, you must be wondering how it was. Well, I’m afraid I can’t tell you. Ronnie and I never made it into the Sambadrome. We spent the day moving from one street party to another. There were more snacks, more drinks and lots of dancing. Do I regret missing the main parade? Not at all. I experienced the carnival like the locals, and it was truly amazing. 1. What made the author tense in the beginning? A. The huge crowd. B. Foreign culture. C. The busy schedule. D. No local guide. 2. What can we learn about samba from the passage? A. It has its origin in America. B. Its music is relaxed and soft. C. It is not to the author’s taste. D. It has a long and mixed culture. 3. The author didn’t regret missing the main parade because ______. A. she befriended some local people. B. she celebrated the festival in a local way. C. she didn’t pay any money for the parade. D. she enjoyed herself by having her own party. 4. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To recommend a helpful guide. B. To encourage people to learn samba. C. To share an unforgettable experience. D. To tell a painful history of Rio de Janeiro. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·广东佛山南海区·期中） She didn’t realize it at the time, but when Kahumbu was young, she was taken under the wing of a world-renowned scientific icon. Richard Leakey, the paleoanthropologist (古人类学家) from the family of trailblazing (开创性的) conservationists, was Kahumbu’s neighbor and mentor. His commitment to shepherding a young Kahumbu toward her dreams was, as she puts it, “extremely special.” It was in Kenya’s coastal forests, that her love for elephants, their immensity and grace, began. She was soon fighting tooth and nail for elephants’ protection against environmental and human threats. In 2004, somewhere along the Kenyan coastline, Kahumbu rescued an orphaned hippopotamus in the aftermath of the Indian Ocean tsunami. She cared for it at one of a few animal sanctuaries she was managing, and the baby hippo became friends with its neighbor — a 130-year-old tortoise. Kahumbu shared a photograph of the odd pair resting together with the world; the overwhelming response set her on a new path. In 2018, she kicked off Wildlife Warriors Kids, an initiative across Kenya that helps teachers integrate wildlife film showings and work plans into their curriculum to help connect young Kenyans with science and their heritage. So, when Kahumbu was later spontaneously offered 30 acres of land. Through her mainly Kenya-based career, the irony is not lost on her that native Kenyans do not have a word for “conservation.” It’s a testament to the natural way caring for the environment and its living things are part of everyday life, Kahumbu says. Pastoral tribes (田园部落) take cues from animal behavior that could signal threats, environmental changes, or availability of resources. The modern practice of protecting nature by isolating it from humans, she explains, is hard to understand. Even the term “protected area,” is perplexing to these communities. “Protected from what? From us people?” is something Kahumbu has been asked repeatedly. “They don’t consider themselves to be a threat to nature,” she says. Instead, conserving nature is simply a part of conserving livelihoods. “The right way to learn about nature is not to be closed off by a big wall. You need to feel the cold air at night, you need to see the stars, you need to smell the grass, and the flowers, how they change their scents during different times of the day,” she illustrates. 1. What event marked a turning point in Kahumbu’s career? A. Managing a sanctuary for orphaned hippos B. Receiving donations of land for conservation C. Sharing a photo depicting an unlikely friendship D. Establishing a coastal forest protection program 2. Which is the true according to this passage? A. Kahumbu’s early career was Enlightened by a wildlife protection expert. B. She loves elephants because the experience in the savannahs of Kenya. C. She saved a hippo in the emergency time when Indian Ocean tsunami happened. D. Wildlife Warriors Kids aims to help teachers integrate animal protection into their classroom 3. why does the fact that Kenyans don’t have a word for “conservation” represent an irony for Kahumbu? A. Kenyans have less concern for the environmental issues. B. Modern conservation terms seem redundant in Kenya. C. Conserving nature is simply a part of conserving livelihoods D. Natural integration of environmental care into Kenyan culture. 4. What kind of method of learning about nature might Kahumbu agree with? A. Learn the habits of birds through multimedia learning B. Perceive the spirituality of animals by reading books C. Learn by taking field trips while studying soils D. Conducting a daily walk around a nearby park 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·陕西西安二十六中·期中） Zheng Kelu, the Chinese translator of French masterpieces by Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, Stendhal and Simone Beauvoir, died aged 81 on Sept 20. In his six-decade career, Zheng translated around 60 French literature and social science works, and published 11 monographs and 10 textbooks. Thanks to his endeavors, Chinese readers were able to appreciate many classic French works of literature including Les Miserables, La Traviata and Le Comte de Monte-Cristo. Zheng Kelu was fond of Russian and French literature since high school and later studied French at Peking University from 1957. During the “cultural revolution” (1966-76), he spent more than a year reciting the French-Chinese dictionary, because it was the only learning material available. He was then able to read original French works. In his translation, he dared to use rarely used Chinese characters in a hope to make his readers turn to the dictionary and therefore expand their knowledge and vocabulary. In Zheng’s view, translating practice helped to improve his French language capability, while doing research inspired him on selecting literature works to be translated. Benefiting from his research, he attached great importance to the preface (前言) of his translation so as to help the readers learn about highlights and historical value of the works, and the authors’ writing techniques and motives. He said in an interview with Shanghai Observer in November that the key to a quality translation lies in how to deal with sentence patterns, especially relative clauses that don’t exist in the Chinese language. He emphasized polishing language use and concluded his translating style as brief and fluent while being literarily graceful. 1. What does the underlined word “endeavors” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. translations. B. efforts. C. masterpieces. D. recommendations. 2. What made Zheng Kelu be able to read original French works? A. The “cultural revolution”. B. His fond of French literature. C. The French-Cinese dictionaries. D. His past learning experience. 3. Which words can best describe Zheng Kelu? A. Careful and friendly. B. Proud but brave. C. Determined and ambitious. D. Strict but generous. 4. What can be inferred from Zheng’s view? A. Rarely used Chinese characters must be used. B. It is helpful to present historical value of the works. C. It is important for the translation to be complicated. D. Relative clauses have no effect on a quality translation. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·山东蒙阴一中·期中） Kristin Schell is the founder of The Turquoise (蓝绿色)Table, a movement of ordinary people who want to create community right in their own front yards. Ten years ago, she and her family moved to a new home in Austin, Texas. One day, Kristin tried to connect with her new neighbors by hosting a party. She bought a few picnic tables but the delivery driver set one table down in her front yard by mistake. “After the party, I painted the table turquoise—my favorite color—and put it in the front yard, just a few feet from the sidewalk,” she says. That turquoise table became the place where Kristin and her kids hung out. They played games, did crafts and ate snacks. “We got intentional about where we spent our time,” Kristin says. “We became ‘front yard people’.” Neighbors began to stop by to introduce themselves and sit down for a chat. Kristin invited people to join her at the table for coffee or iced tea. Then neighbors asked Kristin if their family could put a picnic table in their front yard too. A movement was born. It was a simple way to slow down and connect with others,” she says. The turquoise table was inviting and had a shared feel. People often hesitate to invite others into their homes. They think their house is too messy, it’s not big enough or they don’t have enough time. “Our perfectionism can cause us to miss out on the joy of connecting with others,” Kristin says. Her picnic table takes away the excuses—and the pressure. She likes how it enables her to take a small step toward easing loneliness and building relationships in her community. “People’s greatest need is to know that they are loved and that they belong,” she says. A decade after their Texas beginnings, thousands of Turquoise Tables exist in all 50 states and in 13 countries around the world. Not all of them are actually turquoise. “No matter what color it is, it’s a friendship table,” Kristin says. 1. Why did Kristin Schell start the movement? A. To host more parties in her front yard. B. To entertain her friends and neighbors. C. To engage with people in the neighbourhood. D. To create harmonious communities worldwide. 2. Which of the following words best describe Kristin Schell according to the text? A. Creative and sociable. B. Friendly and humorous. C. Generous and ambitious. D. Cautious and responsible. 3. What can be inferred from the text? A. People don’t like others to step into their houses. B. The campaign has a big impact at home and abroad. C. Kristin Schell bought the turquoise table to host a party. D. People feel unwilling to join in the front yard chat at first. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·江西衡立实验学校·期中） Tom Belt, a native of Oklahoma, didn't know the English language until he began school. In his home, conversations took place in Cherokee. Belt grew up riding horses, and after college traveled around the country doing the rodeo（牛仔竞技比赛）. Finally, he wound up in North Carolina and married a woman he met at school 20 years earlier. Yet his wife—also Cherokee—did not speak the language. He soon realized that he was a minority（少数）among his own people. At that time, just 400 or so Cherokee speakers were left in the Eastern Band, the tribe（部落）located in the Cherokee's historic homeland. Children were no longer learning the language either. "I began to realize the seriousness of the situation," Belt says. Belt and other concerned Cherokee speakers in the Eastern Band decided to do something about it. Belt volunteered to teach Cherokee lessons at a local school, for example, and finally the tribe decided to create a language immersion school for children, where main classes—including science and math—are taught in Cherokee. Cherokee language is now also offered at the local university, where Belt teaches. "Many Cherokee speakers are using technology to do really interesting things that were not imaginable a generation back," says Mark Turin, a language expert at Yale University. For example, a Cherokee app allows speakers to text in the language's 85 letters. Some Cherokee sites bring speakers together and provide multimedia teaching tools. Thanks to the Eastern Bands efforts, today around 60 of their children can speak Cherokee. Belt, along with many other Cherokee speakers, is not ready to let his language disappear into history—even if the journey toward revitalisation（振兴）is an uphill one. As an elder told Belt years ago: "It's all well and good that you all want to do this, but remember, it wasn't taken away overnight, and you' re not going to revitalize it overnight." 1. What did Tom Belt find out about the Cherokee language? A. It is taught at only a few schools. B. It is disliked by many English speakers. C. It is difficult for children to learn. D. It is in danger of dying out. 2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Why Cherokee was popular in local schools. B. How Cherokee speakers saved the language. C. How Cherokee influenced children's education. D. What made Cherokee more well-known to locals. 3. What plays a role in the success the Eastern Band has achieved? A. Their great imagination. B. Their special teaching methods. C. Their use of technology. D. Their confidence in younger generations. 4. What can we learn from the elder's words in the last paragraph? A. Getting Cherokee back is a long journey. B. Cherokee will disappear slowly. C. Cherokee might become popular someday. D. The loss of Cherokee is simply a fact of life. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·福建南平一中·期中） About 15 years ago, I was working at a sewing (缝纫) machine when I lost focus and put the needle straight through my left middle finger — the wound never quite recovered. It’s the kind of warning teachers tell new sewists, but it also creates a metaphor for a feeling that maybe familiar to the 7.7 million people who enjoy sewing as a hobby: the effect of sewing lives on under our skin. It’s a theme that runs through historian Barbara Burman’s book exploring the cultural history of sewing: The Point of the Needle: Why Sewing Matters. For Barbara, her own interest in sewing is something that can be traced back through her life. “I grew up in a poor household, and I had two very practical parents,” she recalls. “My mother actually taught sewing, dressmaking, and soft tailoring, so I was surrounded by people making things and talking about tools. My interest in sewing comes from an interest in the history of ordinary people, particularly women’s lives. I feel that it’s a kind of untold story. We’re so used to it that we don’t think about it. We put our clothes on, and there we are. But I wanted to look at what sewing actually means at an individual level, as well as a more global level.” We notice the invention of electricity and countless other creations — but sewing, despite the fact that we couldn’t go about our daily lives without it, is often overlooked. When I ask Barbara why the story of sewing is largely untold, she has some insight. “Mostly because it’s connected so thoroughly with women, and women have always been, as it were, ‘second rate’,” she explains. “We’ve also lived with this quite false separation between working with our brains and working with our hands. So manual work is thought of as secondary to head work. But, in fact, our hands, and particularly our sense of touch, give us such a huge amount of information in the world. Countless studies have confirmed how beneficial crafts can be for our mental health and well-being.” 1. What does the underlined part in paragraph 1 imply? A. Sewing may cause physical injury to sewists. B. Sewing is rooted in people’s life for a long time. C. Sewing holds a deep meaning for sewing lovers. D. Sewing is popular with a large number of people. 2. What’s mainly talked about in paragraph 2? A. How Barbara’s parents taught her to sew. B. What sewing meant to the general public. C. How Barbabra got interested in sewing. D. What family environment Barbara grew up in. 3. Why is the story of sewing ignored according to Barbara? A. Women and manual work are undervalued. B. People take no interest in the history of sewing. C. Sewing is not as important as other inventions. D. People prefer technology rather than hand-craft. 4. What does Barbara think of sewing? A. It is a dying craft. B. It is a secondary job. C. It is a dangerous practice. D. It is a rewarding skill. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·陕西兴平西郊中学·期中） With a thirst for a new challenge, I decided to begin my language journey and my only regret is that I didn't start earlier. Since starting to learn, I have made good progress. The Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (HSK) is a test of Chinese language for non-native speakers. In July 2020, I passed my HSK3 exam with a score of 100 percent. I am now almost ready to start HSK5. Learning to speak Chinese isn't as insurmountable as I once thought. When I speak to native speakers in Chinese, they almost always understand me. I also find it not too difficult to remember characters and I am now even able to write over 400 characters. I find studying the language relaxing and worthwhile, particularly writing the characters. The thing I find most challenging is listening since native speakers talk at such a speed. I can't always understand what's been said, but my weekly online language exchanges help with this greatly. Despite my progress, it has still been the challenge I desire and has taken a lot of hard work. Furthermore, there is a long way to go before I reach my goal of fluency. The key to progress is to be patient and persistent (坚持不懈的). The satisfaction that comes from simple things like ordering food in Chinese, buying things on the Internet or communicating with a taxi driver makes all the hard work worth it. My biggest takeaway from learning Chinese is that it's not only doable but can also be enjoyable. Learning Chinese not only helped me in day-to-day life, but deepened my cultural understanding of such a colorful and beautiful country. Considering where I am now, compared to two years ago, as long as I keep studying hard, I can image a time when I'll be able to read famous Chinese novels not in English but in the original text. So, to all my non-Chinese friends, I always say “Don’t give up. Embrace (拥抱) the challenge.” 1. Which one is the most difficult for the author? A. Writing characters. B. Taking part in HSK exams. C. Listening to the native speaking. D. Speaking to a taxi driver. 2. What does the underlined word “insurmountable” mean in paragraph 2? A. Easy to upset. B. Possible to change. C. Comfortable to study. D. Hard to overcome. 3. Why does the author think learning Chinese is satisfying? A. It can make the author proud. B. It makes the author know more Chinese. C. It can be useful in daily life. D. It makes the author more competitive. 4. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Passing exams isn't a piece of cake B. Learning Chinese isn't unbeatable C. Explore the historical and cultural country D. Deepen understanding of Chinese culture Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·陕西兴平西郊中学·期中） Matt Doogue, a 34-year-old nature photographer, had been suffering from depression when he first found his passion for taking pictures of insects and his work is now featured in National Geographic. He says that he tried to take his own life nine years ago after hitting rock bottom. “In the beginning, I was so paranoid (多疑的) and angry that I couldn’t leave the house,” says Doogue. “When I attempted to end my life, I knew I needed to see someone. I went to the doctors and got treatment, but I knew that I needed something more and that’s when I started photography. ” Now a dad of two, Doogue found that looking at insects through a camera helped him in ways he could never have imagined and it proved to be the lifeline he needed. It had a calming effect that helped him to disconnect from stress; and his astonishing images, showing insects and spiders in amazing detail against brightly colored backgrounds, caught the eye of publishers at National Geographic. “I ended up as one of their featured photographers,” recalled Doogue. “It was the peak of my career. It was incredible.” Originally from Salford, Greater Manchester, he now lives in Armadale, West Lothian, Scotland. Though he fears that Scotland is in the middle of an epidemic (流行病) of male suicide, he believes that sharing his love of nature photography can help others to cope with their mental health issues as well. “I think the problem is this man-up approach; the idea that men need to be strong puts so much pressure on young males to be fine all the time,” says Doogue. “This is why I try and be so open about my own experience. Whenever I am out with my camera, I don’t think about my other worries. It is just me and the environment around me. You can lose yourself in a spider making its web.” 1. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about Doogue? A. Why Doogue wanted to end his life. B. When Doogue turned photographer. C. How Doogue became depressed. D. Why Doogue took up photography. 2. What causes Scottish men to develop mental health problems? A. The way men employ to solve problems. B. The lack of love for men’s life and work. C. The idea that men are expected to be strong. D. The worry that men get separated from people. 3. How did photography benefit Doogue? A. It helped him to escape from pressure. B. It provided him with life-saving skills. C. It gave him a new way to express himself. D. It offered him an opportunity to explore nature. 4. What is the main purpose of the author in writing the text? A. To warn the seriousness of mental problems. B. To introduce Doogue’s fighting depression. C. To show the benefits of nature photography. D. To advise the readers to get close to nature. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·江西景德镇一中·期中） In my childhood, my parents would take me to watch games. I loved the excitement I would feel when we went to watch these events, especially when the scores were close until the very end of the game. My meaningful attempt at sports began with T-ball at the age of three, progressed to the basketball court at six, and finally turned into a firm devotion to the game of baseball from the age of eight onward. One of my most memorable moments was at the World Series when I was eleven and played on the Texas Rattlers. The July heat was unbearable. It was the semi-final game. Sweating like a pig, we ran into the dugout for our last at-bat (上场击球); we were down one run now. I was the second hitter and captain of the team, and I was ready for this moment. In the next few seconds, I had the chance to show my strength as a hitter and my ability to be a leader under pressure by hitting a home run! We carried the day! As the team captain, I remember the time I had to give a speech to my team because we had lost an important game. I was nervous, but I knew it was my responsibility to cheer my team up when they were cast down. This experience has shaped my mind, making me become more independent, so I’m obtaining the ability to talk like a leader in front of my team and a group. Sports get it through my head that you can’t win at everything in life all the time. On and of the field, I am more iron-willed, disciplined (遵守纪律的) and respectful, and a better leader. I have had so many awesome experiences through sports, which have taught me much and prepared me for the future. The memories of all the trips and diverse experiences I have had will be with me for a lifetime. 1. What can we learn about the author from the first paragraph? A. He often switched sports. B. He was a gifted child in sports. C. He had a busy childhood. D. He was fond of sports from childhood. 2. How did the author feel during the semi-final at the World Series? A. Stressed and tired. B. Proud and confident. C. Unbearable and down. D. Surprised and energetic. 3. What was tough for the author according to paragraph 3? A. Leading his team to face failure. B. Giving a speech before the team. C. Improving his leadership qualities. D. Overcoming his own nervousness. 4. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Interesting Life of Sports B. Life Lessons from Sports C. Deep Affection for Sports D. Special Moments in Sports Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·湖南祁东育贤中学·期中） Decades ago, my friend Caetlin received a special assignment from the poet Robert L. Hass, who instructed each student to memorize three poems of their choosing from The Norton Anthology of American Literature—not for any urgent exam reason, he claimed, but instead to prepare them for their unavoidable future occasions when you’re going to be alone, and poetry is going to be all you have. If the task was as a strange one, it’s because the act of memorizing a poem feels curiously old-fashioned in an era when few of us encounter poetry at all. When I was in graduate school, working toward a degree in English literature, I mostly limited myself to essays. It was only in my 40s that I began to change my ways. It happened in a flight to Seattle. For hours, I read nothing else but a poem. Sometimes I spoke its lines aloud, my voice masked by the airplane’s thrum. Sometimes I went through the whole poem at once, and sometimes I repeated a single stanza (诗节) over and over, and by the time my plane landed on the West Coast, I had the whole thing, all 40 lines of it, in my head. Because the process is as simple as it is very boring, memorizing a great poem always begins as a crime. The boredom of repetition reduces the great charm it has. But as you run your hands through the rock, the lines at last come together again, and the scattered text transforms back into a treasure. In other words, poetry survives continuously by becoming a part of those who read it. It can do so only because it is so specific, so entirely different from us, that taking it in expands our own sense of what we are. Some of the poems I’ve memorized are already fading, and that’s fine. I know that if I spend a little time with them, they’ll sing in me again. Others keep beating in me like a new pulse. I won’t promise you that memorizing poetry will make your life better, but it will make you more: more in touch with language, with other minds, maybe with what you might yet become. 1. Why did Robert L. Hass advise students to read poems? A. To become literature professors. B. To prepare for the coming exams. C. To compose more original poems. D. To relieve their future loneliness. 2. Why does the author say that memorizing a poem begins as a crime? A. It’s out of date to recite poems. B. Repetition wastes a lot of time. C. Repetition ruins the poem’s beauty. D. It’s a shame to read poems on plane. 3. How does understanding poetry influence us? A. By broadening self-understanding. B. By refreshing our good memories. C. By helping us survive the hard life. D. By reminding us to forget the past. 4. What is the author’s attitude towards memorizing poetry in the last paragraph? A. Doubtful. B. Reserved. C. Appreciative. D. Critical. 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·四川绵竹中学·期中） College students around the world have recently developed products and designs for a chance to win the James Dyson Sustainability Award. The competition is tough, as many of the brightest engineers and scientists compete for the prize. But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue’s ultimately won — for good reason! The 27-year-old from the Philippines has been studying at one of the country’s top engineering schools and will graduate soon. Throughout his time there, he learned plenty about design, which is what led him to create AuREUS System Technology. These solar panels are made from food waste and transform UV light (紫外线) into renewable energy, even on a cloudy day! According to the awarding remarks, AuREUS combines renewable material and advanced technology, which allows other devices to harvest UV light and transform it into electricity. Of course, “it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose and making it the most striking one! It’s truly a game changer!” AuREUS is based on a plastic material, so it can be formed into different shapes. The science behind it is a bit confusing, but in Carvey’s words, “AuREUS is actually a material, or a technology. With AuREUS, we upcycle the crops of the farmers that were hit by natural disasters, such as typhoons, which also happen to be an effect of climate change. By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future-looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now.” While it’s clear to us that this product is special, Carvey was still caught by surprise when he found out he won the competition. It took a few days for him to process the news, and he’s already looking at what he can create next! “I was very happy because I know that through this award, I will be able to reach out to more people,” he added. “This is my second time applying, and through persistence, I managed to win.” 1. What is the function of the second paragraph? A. To offer background information about Carvey. B. To show how Carvey prepared for the competition. C. To explain why Carvey could win the competition. D. To introduce some unknown factors behind the win. 2. What makes AuREUS stand out from the entries? A. Its sustainability. B. Its high technology. C. Its new materials. D. Its effective use. 3. What can we learn about AuREUS? A. It can detect some food waste. B. It may promote crop production. C. It is mainly meant for farmers. D. It can make waste advantageous. 4. Which of the following words can best describe Carvey? A. Positive and hotheaded. B. Hard-working and humble. C. Helpful and persistent. D. Broad-minded and accessible. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·广东顺德德胜学校·期中） For many years, Bruce Bexler dreamed of going where no human had gone before. He wanted to cut a path through unexplored lands and discover rare species. That might sound like an impossible dream, but Bexler turned it into a reality. In December 2015, he and a team of Australian and American scientists explored into a remote tropical rain forest on the island of New Guinea. They were the first people ever to enter the mist-covered region. “As time was limited, we were dropped in by helicopter. Once we were on the ground, there were no trails (踪迹) anywhere; it was really hard to get around,” Bexler says. Within minutes of landing, the team spotted a black chicken-like bird with strange orange skin hanging from its neck. The scientists soon determined that the unusual creature was a type of honeyeater — the first new bird species to be sighted on New Guinea in 60 years. The honeyeater wasn’t the only surprise for the scientists. They discovered more than 40 previously unknown plant and animal species — 13 birds of paradise, 20 frogs, 4 butterflies, and 5 palms. “We were like kids in a candy store,” Bexler recalls. “Everywhere we looked, we saw amazing things we had never seen before? The newfound species didn’t shy away from the scientists. Two long-nosed echidnas-primitive egg-laying mammals — let the visitors pick them up and take them back to camp to study them in echidna looks like a hedgehog and is also called a spiny anteater. Bexler thinks the animals weren’t scared because they had never seen humans before in almost all parts of New Guinea, animals are hunted for food, and because of this, they are very cautious of people,” he explains. “This area gives scientists a place where they can go to study the behaviors of animals that have not yet learned to be afraid of people.” Scientists believe the area is probably the largest untouched forest in Asia. Local people called Kwerba hunt and collect plants from outer-edges of the forest but told Bexler that not even their ancestors had gone so far into the woods. The wooded area is approximately a 10-day walk from the nearest village. Bexler and his team did not have enough time during the expedition to study the area completely. They hope to return and expect to record many more undiscovered species. “We just scratched the surface,” Bexler says. “Anyone who goes there will come back with a mystery.” 1. What does Bruce mean in Para. 4 when he says the scientists “were like kids in a candy store”? A. They were acting like naughty children. B. They were very excited about what they saw. C. They didn’t have enough food and were hungry. D. They knew that if they kept searching, they’d find sugar. 2. Why did some of the animals allow the scientists to pick them up? A. The scientists seemed to be very friendly. B. The scientists were skilled in handling animals. C. The animals had no experience or fear of people. D. The animals had been well-trained by the local people. 3. What can we conclude about the area Bruce Bexler explored? A. The best way to explore the area is by helicopter. B. The area has not been visited by scientists for many years. C. The area still contains many plants and animals unknown to science. D. The locals are unwilling to allow the scientists to enter the deep woods. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·江苏南师大附中·期中） As a geographer, I wanted to offer a summer study abroad program on sustainability. However, it wouldn’t make sense to design a sustainability program that includes flying due to planes’ excessive carbon footprint. Alternatively, Amtrak’s trains generate 40% less CO2 per person compared to flying. Combining my love of Amtrak with a desire to get students out of the classroom, we found ourselves riding across the country to learn about sustainable tourism, landscapes and urban and regional planning. Destinations serve as living laboratories for our students. Classes in some cities, such as Galesburg, Illinois, or Sacramento, California, focus more heavily on exploring the cities’ industrial histories. In cities such as Portland, Oregon, or Glenwood Springs, Colorado, which experience large flows of visitors every year, we focus more on tourism and planning. While staying in Glenwood Springs, students complete an assignment about “destination tourism” — when tourism becomes the primary driver or economic base of a region. Students ride the bus “up valley” to Aspen. On the bus, they come to understand what they’ve read in “The Slums of Aspen,” a book about how the ski town passed a resolution that pushed out their immigrant (移民) workers, who live farther and farther “down valley” but still work in Aspen. Once students arrive in Aspen — during the offseason (淡季), in May — they find a polished empty town full of high-end fashion stores. After returning to Glenwood Springs, they reflect on the differences between the cities in terms of housing costs, sustainability and tourism labor. After finishing this course, the students have a better understanding of how and why they can use public transportation in their daily lives. They also have a greater understanding of the positive and negative impacts of tourism on a place. Ultimately, they learn how they, as travelers and community members, can contribute to a more sustainable and equitable future. 1. Why did trains win the author’s heart over plancs? A. Relatively lower financial cost. B. Enhanced comfort and convenience. C. Reduced environmental impacts. D. More opportunities for exploration, 2. Which of the following describes the author’s teaching approach? A. Comparing cities’ cultural histories. B. Focusing on each city’s unique features. C. Asking students to explore the cities themselves. D. Examining cities’ strategies toward overtourism. 3. What is the author’s attitude toward Aspen’s development plan? A. Confused. B. Supportive. C. Critical. D. Unconcerned. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Living Laboratories for Leisure B. Touring Toward Trends C. Solutions to Sustainability D. Railroad to Renewal / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $