Unit 5 On the road 单元语法（现在分词作定语）-2025-2026学年高一英语外研版必修第二册

Unit 5 On the road 现在分词作定语 一、单句语法填空 1．The chairman who specializes in antiques possesses a vase (date) back to the Tang Dynasty. 2．When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people (live) in remote areas began to use windmills to produce electricity. 3．Tourism is a double-edged sword, (boost) the economy but damaging the environment. 4．Rooms (vary) in size are equipped with hair-driers, television and telephone. 5．A girl was killed yesterday in a crash (involve) a stolen car. 6．Thousands of tourists (climb) up the narrow stone steps are wearing down these ancient buildings and the long-term consequences could lead to irreparable destruction of the internal structure. 7．Flowers (bloom) in December tend to be more appealing. 8．This conclusion was drawn from a study (involve) players of a mobile game about sea, which tests 3-D navigation skills. 9．It is a broad and beautiful country (stretch) from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. 10．Kepler’s scientific goal is to search for Earth-size planets (orbit) other stars. 11．Items (belong) to the brave soldiers were displayed in the museum, telling stories of valor. 12．There is a meeting room in our school (hold) more than 1,000 people. 13．The food stalls offer dishes (range) from street snacks to gourmet cuisine. 14．The 2018 summer camp， (consist) of 30 students，will start for Beijing and stay there for three weeks. 15．A documentary (feature) the Forbidden City’s cultural relics and their restorers encouraged lots of college students to apply to work as volunteers there. 16．The builders of the expressway (link) Jigzhi County in Qinghai Province to Barkam County in Sichuan Province know how complex it is to build a road in the region. 17．The institute offered an exchange program particularly (appeal) to those who had a preference for French literature. 18．Don’t be taken in by products (claim) to help you lose weight in a short time. 19．The young scientist has just published a paper in the journal Nature (analyse) the fires. 20．In France, a person (encounter) an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. 21．Walking along the road (extend) to the monument, many heroic deeds flashed through my mind. 22．Last night, there were millions of people (enjoy) the opening ceremony live on TV. 23．At the end of the day, you won’t want to miss the view of the sun (set) on the sea. 24．The Bernina Express follows a route (run) from Eastern Switzerland to Northern Italy. 25．The funniest moment was when someone (watch) the race offered me a banana—a real treat for a running gorilla. 26．Many famous bands have performed at the festival over the years, and the number of people (attend) has grown to about 200,000. 27．The teacher said there were still so many problems (remain) to be solved. 28．In spring, local hillsides are filled with tea workers (sow) seeds on their land. 29．Children (grow) up in cities have fewer opportunities to wander in green fields. 30．While solving various criminal cases in different places where he serves during the early stages of his career, Dee also uncovers the mystery (surround) his own birth. 31．It was organized by GreenHope, an organization (devote) itself to protecting forest. 32．“It has  really  given me the desire to visit China, in particular to explore the  traditional  ink artwork，” said Marianne Simon, an MA (文学硕士) student (major) in publishing and creative writing at Kingston University. 33．There is another type of comfort food, (generate) positive emotions in a different way. 34．Li DaiYu heard the sound of the train (thunder) on through the rolling hills. 35．Our hotel was on the hillside (overlook) the lake. 36．When you see it from a far, the bridge looks like a rainbow (hang) over the river. 37．They’re exceptional examples of a building tradition and function (represent) a particular type of group living and defensive organization in a harmonious relationship with their environment. 38．The local investors in HK met some new challenges (arise) from a new investment policy. 39．It was a neighbor called Mario, coming to bring us a box (contain) some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. 40．The plot centers around two separate narratives regarding two policemen (work) within Hong Kong. 二、完成句子 41．现在正在修建的医院预计将在五年内完工。 __________ is expected to be completed in five years. 42．该节日旨在促进文化交流，吸引了来自不同国家的人们。 The festival, ________, appealed to people from different countries. 43．史密斯先生的汽车在昨晚的一次交通事故中严重损坏。 The car ________ to Mr. Smith was seriously broken in a traffic ________ last night. 44．许多外来词汇无意中进入了日常生活 There were many foreign words________________everyday life. 45．这座寺庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。 The temple has a long history __________________________ the early period of the Tang dynasty. 46．这本新书由四个场景故事组成，每个故事约50页，以圣诞节前两周为背景。 The new book ______ ______ four one-scene stories of about 50 pages is set in the two weeks before Christmas. 47．语言是属于人类的天赋。 Language is a gift ________ ________ humans. 48．当今，英语作为一门国际语言，充当了连接各国的桥梁的角色。 As an international language, English acts as a bridge__________________________． 49．站在操场上的那个高个子男孩是我们班的班长。 The tall boy _________is the monitor of our class. 50．坐在那里的那位男士是我的英语老师。 The man ______________is my English teacher. 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 On the road 现在分词作定语 一、单句语法填空 1．The chairman who specializes in antiques possesses a vase (date) back to the Tang Dynasty. 【答案】dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位专门研究古董的主席拥有一个可以追溯到唐朝的花瓶。句中已有谓语possesses，空处作非谓语动词，名词vase和动词date之间是主动关系，空处使用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填dating。 2．When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people (live) in remote areas began to use windmills to produce electricity. 【答案】living 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当19世纪末发现电力时，居住在偏远地区的人们开始使用风车发电。主句的谓语是began，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语people和live之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填living。 3．Tourism is a double-edged sword, (boost) the economy but damaging the environment. 【答案】boosting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：旅游业是一把双刃剑，在促进经济的同时也破坏了环境。本句是系动词is作谓语，所给动词boost意为“促进，激励”，应使用现在分词形式与damaging并列作后置定语。故填boosting。 4．Rooms (vary) in size are equipped with hair-driers, television and telephone. 【答案】varying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不同大小的房间都配有吹风机、电视和电话。vary和Rooms之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作后置定语，故填varying。 5．A girl was killed yesterday in a crash (involve) a stolen car. 【答案】involving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个女孩昨天在一起涉及被盗车辆的车祸中丧生。本句谓语为was killed，此处为非谓语动词，且crash与involve“涉及”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填involving。 6．Thousands of tourists (climb) up the narrow stone steps are wearing down these ancient buildings and the long-term consequences could lead to irreparable destruction of the internal structure. 【答案】climbing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：成千上万的游客爬上狭窄的石阶，正在磨损这些古老的建筑，长期的后果可能会导致内部结构的不可挽回的破坏。are wearing down是前半句话的谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词，作主语，climb与其逻辑主语Thousands of tourists之间构成主谓关系，用现在分词作定语。故填climbing。 7．Flowers (bloom) in December tend to be more appealing. 【答案】blooming 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：12月盛开的花往往更吸引人。bloom和Flowers之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作定语，故填blooming。 8．This conclusion was drawn from a study (involve) players of a mobile game about sea, which tests 3-D navigation skills. 【答案】involving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这一结论来自一项研究，研究对象是一款关于海洋的手机游戏的玩家，该游戏测试的是3D导航技能。分析句子结构可知involve与逻辑主语study构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，故填involving。 9．It is a broad and beautiful country (stretch) from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. 【答案】stretching 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：这是一个广阔而美丽的国家，从大西洋一直延伸到太平洋。分析句子可知，空格处是定语成分，因为country与stretch是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填stretching。 10．Kepler’s scientific goal is to search for Earth-size planets (orbit) other stars. 【答案】orbiting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Kepler的科学目标是寻找围绕其他恒星运行的地球大小的行星。本句已有谓语动词is，所以orbit用非谓语形式，逻辑主语Earth-size planets与orbit“沿轨道运行，围绕......运动”为主动关系，用orbit的现在分词，作后置定语，修饰planets。故填orbiting。 11．Items (belong) to the brave soldiers were displayed in the museum, telling stories of valor. 【答案】belonging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：属于勇敢士兵的物品在博物馆展出，讲述了英勇的故事。空处需要非谓语动词的形式作后置定语，修饰空前的名词Items，动词短语belong to和修饰的名词之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填belonging。 12．There is a meeting room in our school (hold) more than 1,000 people. 【答案】holding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们学校有一个会议室，能容纳一千多人。a meeting room与hold为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词-ing形式作后置定语，修饰a meeting room。填holding。 13．The food stalls offer dishes (range) from street snacks to gourmet cuisine. 【答案】ranging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些食品摊位提供的菜肴从街头小吃到美食应有尽有。空前句子结构完整，此空应用非谓语动词，且是空前名词dishes的定语，dishes与range…from…to…“(范围)从……到……”之间是主动关系，所以用range的现在分词。故填ranging。 14．The 2018 summer camp， (consist) of 30 students，will start for Beijing and stay there for three weeks. 【答案】consisting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由30名学生组成的2018年暑期夏令营将会在北京开始并在那里停留三周。动词短语consist of意为“由…组成”，改短语没有被动语态也没有进行时，句中使用现在分词短语做定语。所以要填consisting。 15．A documentary (feature) the Forbidden City’s cultural relics and their restorers encouraged lots of college students to apply to work as volunteers there. 【答案】featuring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一部以故宫的文化遗产和它们的修复者为主题的纪录片鼓励了许多大学生申请成为在那里工作的志愿者。此处feature与 documentary构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填featuring。 16．The builders of the expressway (link) Jigzhi County in Qinghai Province to Barkam County in Sichuan Province know how complex it is to build a road in the region. 【答案】linking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：连接青海省久治县和四川省马尔康县的高速公路的建设者知道在该地区修建公路是多么复杂。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作expressway的后置定语，link“连接”和expressway逻辑上是主动关系，应用link的现在分词形式。故填linking。 17．The institute offered an exchange program particularly (appeal) to those who had a preference for French literature. 【答案】appealing/to appeal 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该研究所提供了一个交流项目，特别吸引那些喜欢法国文学的人。空处可以修饰program作定语，program与appeal构成主动关系，用现在分词；也可以表示提供项目的目的是为了吸引喜欢法国文学的人，用不定式作目的状语。故填appealing/to appeal。 18．Don’t be taken in by products (claim) to help you lose weight in a short time. 【答案】claiming 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不要被声称能帮助你在短时间内减肥的产品所欺骗。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词claim是被修饰的名词products主动发出的动作，用现在分词形式，表示主动，作后置定语。故填claiming。 19．The young scientist has just published a paper in the journal Nature (analyse) the fires. 【答案】analysing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位年轻的科学家刚刚在《自然》杂志上发表了一篇分析火灾的论文。空处为非谓语动词。a paper 与analyse为主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填analysing。 20．In France, a person (encounter) an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. 【答案】encountering 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在法国，遇到相同手势的人可能会将其解释为零。本句谓语为may interpret，此处为非谓语动词，且person与encounter“遇到”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填encountering。 21．Walking along the road (extend) to the monument, many heroic deeds flashed through my mind. 【答案】extending 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：走在通往纪念碑的路上，许多英雄事迹闪过我的脑海。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词road，road与extend之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式作定语。故填extending。 22．Last night, there were millions of people (enjoy) the opening ceremony live on TV. 【答案】enjoying 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：昨晚，数百万人在电视上观看了开幕式的现场直播。空处在句中作非谓语，动词enjoy与其逻辑主语people构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词的形式做后置定语。故填enjoying。 23．At the end of the day, you won’t want to miss the view of the sun (set) on the sea. 【答案】setting 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：在一天结束的时候，你不会想错过夕阳落在海上的景色。设空处为非谓语动词，修饰名词sun，和名词之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作定语，故填setting。 24．The Bernina Express follows a route (run) from Eastern Switzerland to Northern Italy. 【答案】running 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：伯尔尼纳快车沿着一条从瑞士东部到意大利北部的路线行驶。本句中follows是谓语，空格处需要用非谓语形式。由于route和run之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此使用现在分词形式作后置定语，修饰名词route，故填running。 25．The funniest moment was when someone (watch) the race offered me a banana—a real treat for a running gorilla. 【答案】watching 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：最有趣的一刻是当有人观看比赛时递给我一根香蕉——对于一只奔跑的大猩猩来说，这真是一个美妙的款待。when引导的表语从句中，谓语是offered，空处应填非谓语动词，动词watch与从句主语someone存在逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填watching。 26．Many famous bands have performed at the festival over the years, and the number of people (attend) has grown to about 200,000. 【答案】attending 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：多年来，许多著名乐队在音乐节上表演，参加人数已增长到约20万人。此处attend与people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填attending。 27．The teacher said there were still so many problems (remain) to be solved. 【答案】remaining 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：老师说还有很多问题有待解决。此处为非谓语，remain是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，和前文名词problems之间是主动关系，用其现在分词作后置定语，修饰名词。故填remaining。 28．In spring, local hillsides are filled with tea workers (sow) seeds on their land. 【答案】sowing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意： 春天，当地的山坡上到处都是茶农，他们在自己的土地上播种。本句的谓语为are filled，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语tea workers和sow之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词形式，作后置定语。故填sowing。 29．Children (grow) up in cities have fewer opportunities to wander in green fields. 【答案】growing 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：在城市长大的孩子很少有机会在绿色的田野里漫步。动词grow意为“成长”，和谓语之间没有连词，和主语构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填growing。 30．While solving various criminal cases in different places where he serves during the early stages of his career, Dee also uncovers the mystery (surround) his own birth. 【答案】surrounding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在职业生涯早期，Dee在不同的地方破获了各种刑事案件，同时也揭开了他自己出生的神秘面纱。句中已有谓语uncovers，空处作非谓语动词，“(surround) his own birth”作定语，修饰名词mystery，mystery与surround是逻辑上的主动关系，surround用其现在分词形式作定语，故填surrounding。 31．It was organized by GreenHope, an organization (devote) itself to protecting forest. 【答案】devoting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它是由致力于保护森林的“绿色希望”组织的。an organization是GreenHope的同位语，空处是非谓语动词，devote和organization逻辑上是主动关系，devote oneself to doing sth.意为“致力于做某事，全身心投入做某事”，应用devote的现在分词形式，作organization的后置定语。故填devoting。 32．“It has  really  given me the desire to visit China, in particular to explore the  traditional  ink artwork，” said Marianne Simon, an MA (文学硕士) student (major) in publishing and creative writing at Kingston University. 【答案】majoring 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：“它真的给了我访问中国的愿望，特别是探索传统的墨画，”玛丽安·西蒙说，她是金斯敦大学出版和创意写作专业的硕士学生。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。Marianne Simon, an MA student与major是主谓关系，故用现在分词表主动，作后置定语。故填majoring。 33．There is another type of comfort food, (generate) positive emotions in a different way. 【答案】generating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：还有另一种安慰食物，以不同的方式产生积极的情绪。此处为非谓语，动词generate和前文名词food之间是主动和进行的关系，用其现在分词作后置定语。故填generating。 34．Li DaiYu heard the sound of the train (thunder) on through the rolling hills. 【答案】thundering 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：李黛玉听到火车隆隆驶过连绵起伏的山丘。空处为非谓语动词，the train与thunder为主动关系，用现在分词作train的定语。故填thundering。 35．Our hotel was on the hillside (overlook) the lake. 【答案】overlooking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的旅馆坐落在俯瞰湖泊的山坡上。本句已有谓语动词was，所以overlook用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语hotel之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，作定语。故填overlooking。 36．When you see it from a far, the bridge looks like a rainbow (hang) over the river. 【答案】hanging 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：当你从远处看它时，这座桥看起来像一条悬挂在河上的彩虹。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，hang与所修饰词rainbow之间为主动关系，且表示动作在进行，所以使用现在分词形式。故填hanging。 37．They’re exceptional examples of a building tradition and function (represent) a particular type of group living and defensive organization in a harmonious relationship with their environment. 【答案】representing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是建筑传统和功能的特殊例子，代表了一种特定类型的群体生活和防御组织，与他们的环境保持着和谐的关系。分析句子结构可知，此处使用非谓语动词，a building tradition and function与represent“代表”之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词表示主动，作后置定语。故填representing。 38．The local investors in HK met some new challenges (arise) from a new investment policy. 【答案】arising 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在新的投资政策下，香港本地投资者遇到了一些新的挑战。空处为非谓语动词，challenges与arise from为主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。故填arising。 39．It was a neighbor called Mario, coming to bring us a box (contain) some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. 【答案】containing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那是一个叫马里奥的邻居，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰box，box和contain为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填containing。 40．The plot centers around two separate narratives regarding two policemen (work) within Hong Kong. 【答案】working 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：情节围绕两个单独的叙述展开，讲述的是两名在香港工作的警察。分析句子可知，句子已有谓语动词centers，空处是非谓语动词，work“工作”和policemen逻辑上是主动关系，应用work的现在分词形式，作policemen的后置定语。故填working。 二、完成句子 41．现在正在修建的医院预计将在五年内完工。 __________ is expected to be completed in five years. 【答案】The hospital being built now 【详解】考查时态、非谓语。表示“医院”用hospital，此处为特指，hospital前加the，the hospital作主语，the位于句首，首字母大写。表示“修建”用build，本句谓语为is expected，此处为非谓语动词，且The hospital与build为被动关系，且根据now“现在”可知，应用现在分词的被动语态，作后置定语。故填The hospital being built now。 42．该节日旨在促进文化交流，吸引了来自不同国家的人们。 The festival, ________, appealed to people from different countries. 【答案】aiming to promote cultural exchanges 【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。分析句子可知，空处作定语修饰festival，用非谓语动词，表示“旨在做某事”用aim to do，逻辑主语festival与aim为主动关系，用现在分词，表示“促进文化交流”用promote cultural exchanges。故填aiming to promote cultural exchanges。 43．史密斯先生的汽车在昨晚的一次交通事故中严重损坏。 The car ________ to Mr. Smith was seriously broken in a traffic ________ last night. 【答案】 belonging accident 【详解】考查动词及名词。根据句意及所给句子可知，第一空使用动词短语belong to“属于”，与car是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语；第二空使用名词accident“事故”，由空前a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填①belonging；②accident。 44．许多外来词汇无意中进入了日常生活 There were many foreign words________________everyday life. 【答案】finding their way into 【详解】考查动词短语和现在分词。表示“无意中进入”应用动词短语find one’s way into，根据“foreign words”可知，应用形容词性物主代词their表示“它们的”。动词find和系动词之间没有连词，和主语“foreign words”构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式作定语。故填finding their way into。 45．这座寺庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。 The temple has a long history __________________________ the early period of the Tang dynasty. 【答案】dating back to 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“追溯到”，是固定短语date back to，无被动形式，句中谓语是has，空格处用现在分词作后置定语，故填dating back to。 46．这本新书由四个场景故事组成，每个故事约50页，以圣诞节前两周为背景。 The new book ______ ______ four one-scene stories of about 50 pages is set in the two weeks before Christmas. 【答案】 consisting of 【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语。根据句意可知，空处应为固定搭配consist of“由……组成”。且空处应为非谓语动词，与主语“The new book”之间为主谓关系，故用doing形式作后置定语。故填consisting of。 47．语言是属于人类的天赋。 Language is a gift ________ ________ humans. 【答案】 belonging to 【详解】考查动词短语。根据汉语提示，设空处缺“属于”，表达为动词短语belong to，作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语gift之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填：①belonging；②to。 48．当今，英语作为一门国际语言，充当了连接各国的桥梁的角色。 As an international language, English acts as a bridge__________________________． 【答案】linking all countries together nowadays 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“连接各国”应用link all countries together，与bridge构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语；表示“当今”应用副词nowadays。故填linking all countries together nowadays。 49．站在操场上的那个高个子男孩是我们班的班长。 The tall boy _________is the monitor of our class. 【答案】standing in the playground 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语，且前后无连词，“站在操场上的”应用非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰the tall boy，“站在”为动词stand，“在操场上”为in the playground，且动词stand和boy为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填standing in the playground。 50．坐在那里的那位男士是我的英语老师。 The man ______________is my English teacher. 【答案】sitting there 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据中文和英文句子可知，空处缺少“坐在那里”，译为sit there。分析句子可知，空处缺少非谓语动词作定语修饰the man，man与sit构成逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填sitting there。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $