Unit1 知识点-Words and phrases词汇讲义2025-2026学年沪教版英语七年级下册

七年级英语下册Unit1 知识点-Words and phrases词汇讲义 第一部分：单词分类整理 一、人物与性格 cheerful 快乐的；高兴的 adj. smart 聪明的；机敏的 adj. bored 厌倦的；烦闷的 adj. strict 要求严格的；严厉的 adj. active 忙碌的；活跃的 adj. personality 性格；个性 n. characteristic 特点；品质 n. 二、动作与行为 encourage 鼓励；激励 v. retire 退职；退休 v. give up 认输；放弃 动词短语 三、时间与频率 future 将来；未来 n. soon 很快；马上；不久 adv. seldom 不常；很少；难得 adv. in the future 在未来 介词短语 四、地点与群体 community 社区 n. site 建筑工地 n. 五、人物关系 relative 亲戚；亲属 n. 六、物品与事物 advice 建议 n. attention 专心；注意力 n. uniform 制服；校服 n. smartphone 智能手机 n. topic 话题；标题 n. competition 比赛；竞赛 n. shower 淋浴 n. 七、形容词（其他） medical 医学的；医疗的 adj. fried 油炸的；油煎的 adj. online 在线的 adj. narrow 狭窄的；窄小的 adj. 八、副词与连词 wisely 聪明地；明智地 adv. wherever 各处；处处 conj. 九、动词短语 used to 曾经 be strict about 对……要求严格 be worried about 担心 第二部分：重点词汇解析与例句 1. advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议（不可数名词） - 例句：My teacher gave me some good advice. 我的老师给了我一些好建议。 - 短语：give advice 给建议；take/follow one's advice 听从某人的建议 - 注意：advice 是不可数名词，不能说 an advice，要说 a piece of advice（一条建议）。 2. encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励；激励 - 例句：My parents always encourage me to study hard. 我父母总是鼓励我努力学习。 - 短语：encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 3. retire /rɪˈtaɪə(r)/ v. 退休 - 例句：My grandfather retired at the age of 60. 我爷爷60岁退休。 4. cheerful /ˈtʃɪrəl/ adj. 快乐的；高兴的 - 例句：She is always cheerful and makes us laugh. 她总是很快乐，逗我们笑。 5. community /kəˈmjuːnətɪ/ n. 社区 - 例句：There is a park in our community. 我们社区里有一个公园。 6. medical /ˈmedɪkl/ adj. 医学的；医疗的 - 例句：He needs medical help. 他需要医疗帮助。 7. wherever /weəˈvɜː(r)/ conj. 无论哪里 - 例句：Wherever you go, I will follow you. 无论你去哪里，我都跟着你。 8. future /ˈfjuːtʃə(r)/ n. 将来；未来 - 例句：I want to be a teacher in the future. 将来我想成为一名老师。 - 短语：in the future 在未来 9. soon /suːn/ adv. 很快；马上 - 例句：See you soon! 一会儿见！ 10. smart /smɑːt/ adj. 聪明的 - 例句：He is a smart student. 他是个聪明的学生。 11. attention /əˈtenʃn/ n. 专心；注意力 - 例句：Please pay attention to the teacher. 请注意听老师讲课。 - 短语：pay attention to 注意 12. seldom /ˈseldəm/ adv. 很少 - 例句：I seldom watch TV. 我很少看电视。 13. bored /bɔːrd/ adj. 感到无聊的 - 例句：I feel bored in class. 我在课上感到无聊。 - 注意：bored 形容人感到无聊；boring 形容事物本身无聊 14. strict /strɪkt/ adj. 严格的 - 例句：My teacher is strict with us. 我的老师对我们很严格。 - 短语：be strict with sb. 对某人严格；be strict about sth. 对某事要求严格 15. relative /ˈrelətɪv/ n. 亲戚 - 例句：I have many relatives. 我有很多亲戚。 16. uniform /ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/ n. 制服 - 例句：We wear school uniforms every day. 我们每天穿校服。 17. personality /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ n. 性格 - 例句：She has a friendly personality. 她性格很友好。 18. characteristic /ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk/ n. 特点 - 例句：Kindness is one of her characteristics. 善良是她的特点之一。 19. topic /ˈtɒpɪk/ n. 话题 - 例句：The topic of our discussion is environment. 我们讨论的话题是环境。 20. active /ˈæktɪv/ adj. 活跃的 - 例句：He is active in sports. 他在运动方面很活跃。 21. smartphone /ˈsmɑːtfoʊn/ n. 智能手机 - 例句：Many people use smartphones. 很多人使用智能手机。 22. wisely /ˈwaɪzli/ adv. 明智地 - 例句：Use your time wisely. 明智地利用你的时间。 23. competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/ n. 比赛 - 例句：She won the singing competition. 她赢了歌唱比赛。 24. shower /ˈʃaʊə(r)/ n. 淋浴 - 例句：I take a shower every morning. 我每天早上洗淋浴。 25. online /ˌɒnˈlaɪn/ adj. 在线的 - 例句：I like shopping online. 我喜欢网上购物。 26. narrow /ˈnærəʊ/ adj. 狭窄的 - 例句：The road is very narrow. 这条路很窄。 27. give up 放弃 - 例句：Never give up! 永不放弃！ 28. used to 曾经 - 例句：I used to play the piano. 我曾经弹钢琴。 29. be strict about 对……要求严格 - 例句：He is strict about his work. 他对工作要求严格。 30. be worried about 担心 - 例句：I am worried about the exam. 我担心考试。 第三部分：重点短语归纳 give advice 给建议 take/follow one's advice 听从某人的建议 encourage sb. to do 鼓励某人做 pay attention to 注意 be strict with sb. 对某人严格 be strict about sth. 对某事要求严格 in the future 在未来 give up 放弃 used to 曾经 be worried about 担心 take a shower 洗淋浴 shop online 网上购物 第四部分：配套练习 A. 根据首字母或汉语提示填空 1. My teacher gave me some good a__________ (建议). 2. Parents should e__________ (鼓励) their children to try new things. 3. My grandfather r__________ (退休) last year. 4. She is always c__________ (快乐的) and friendly. 5. There is a park in our c__________ (社区). 6. He needs m__________ (医疗的) help. 7. W__________ (无论哪里) you go, I will miss you. 8. I want to be a scientist in the f__________ (未来). 9. See you s__________ (很快)! 10. He is a s__________ (聪明的) student. 11. Please pay a__________ (注意力) to the teacher. 12. I s__________ (很少) eat junk food. 13. I feel b__________ (无聊的) in the long class. 14. My teacher is s__________ (严格的) with us. 15. We wear school u__________ (制服) every day. B. 单项选择 ( ) 1. My father gave me ______ good advice. A. a B. an C. some D. many ( ) 2. My parents always encourage me ______ hard. A. study B. to study C. studying D. studied ( ) 3. She is always cheerful and ______. A. friend B. friendly C. friends D. friendship ( ) 4. I want to be a teacher ______ the future. A. in B. on C. at D. for ( ) 5. Please pay attention ______ the teacher. A. in B. on C. at D. to ( ) 6. I ______ watch TV. I prefer reading books. A. always B. usually C. often D. seldom ( ) 7. The movie was ______, so I felt ______. A. boring; bored B. bored; boring C. boring; boring D. bored; bored ( ) 8. My teacher is strict ______ us. A. in B. on C. with D. to ( ) 9. He is strict ______ his work. A. in B. about C. with D. to ( ) 10. I am worried ______ the exam. A. in B. on C. at D. about ( ) 11. Never ______! You can do it! A. give in B. give up C. give out D. give away ( ) 12. I ______ play the piano, but now I don't. A. use to B. used to C. am used to D. was used to C. 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. My mother gave me some good __________ (advise). 2. She __________ (encourage) me to study hard every day. 3. My grandfather __________ (retire) at the age of 60. 4. She is always __________ (cheer) and makes us laugh. 5. He is a __________ (smartly) student. 6. Please pay __________ (attentive) to the teacher. 7. I __________ (rare) eat fast food. 8. I feel __________ (bore) when I have nothing to do. 9. My teacher is __________ (strictness) with us. 10. Use your time __________ (wise). D. 翻译句子 1. 我的老师给了我一些好建议。 ________________________________________________ 2. 父母应该鼓励孩子尝试新事物。 ________________________________________________ 3. 我爷爷去年退休了。 ________________________________________________ 4. 她总是很快乐、很友好。 ________________________________________________ 5. 我们社区里有一个公园。 ________________________________________________ 6. 无论你去哪里，我都会想念你。 ________________________________________________ 7. 将来我想成为一名科学家。 ________________________________________________ 8. 请注意听老师讲课。 ________________________________________________ 9. 我很少看电视。 ________________________________________________ 10. 我的老师对我们很严格。 ________________________________________________ 11. 我担心考试。 ________________________________________________ 12. 永不放弃！ ________________________________________________ 13. 我曾经弹钢琴。 ________________________________________________ 教师版（含答案） 一、配套练习答案 A. 根据首字母或汉语提示填空 1. advice 2. encourage 3. retired 4. cheerful 5. community 6. medical 7. Wherever 8. future 9. soon 10. smart 11. attention 12. seldom 13. bored 14. strict 15. uniforms B. 单项选择 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. B 12. B C. 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. advice 2. encourages 3. retired 4. cheerful 5. smart 6. attention 7. seldom 8. bored 9. strict 10. wisely D. 翻译句子 1. My teacher gave me some good advice. 2. Parents should encourage their children to try new things. 3. My grandfather retired last year. 4. She is always cheerful and friendly. 5. There is a park in our community. 6. Wherever you go, I will miss you. 7. I want to be a scientist in the future. 8. Please pay attention to the teacher. 9. I seldom watch TV. 10. My teacher is strict with us. 11. I am worried about the exam. 12. Never give up! 13. I used to play the piano. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $