专题05 介词和感叹句（复习讲义）（浙江专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题05 感叹句和介词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 感叹句 考点二 介词 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 • 感叹句：重点考查What/How 区分、a/an 选用、不可数名词前不加冠词。 • 介词：高频考点为时间介词（in/on/at）、地点介词（in/on/at）、方式介词（by/with/in）及各类固定搭配（如look forward to, be responsible for）。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 感叹句 第70小题 第67小题 介词 第73小题 第75小题 命题预测 1. 语境化：越来越注重在具体语境中考查冠词、连词的运用，很少孤立地考查语法规则。 2. 综合化：一道题中可能综合考查多个考点，如冠词与名词搭配、连词与复合句逻辑等。 3. 生活化：选材多与日常生活、校园生活、社会热点（如环保、科技、传统文化）等相关，让学生在熟悉的情境中运用知识。 考点一 感叹句 （2025·浙江·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中单词的正确形式。 9 exciting it is to explore the Great Wall and speak with locals! 9．句意：能探索长城并与当地人交流是多么令人兴奋啊！此处是感叹句的结构，中心词exciting是形容词，用how引导的感叹句：how+形容词+主谓，故填How。 用来表达喜悦、愤怒、悲哀、惊奇等不同的感情色彩。一般用 what 或 how 引导。 What what 引导的感叹句中心词为名词 1. What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What a cute girl (she is）！ / What an interesting story(it is)! 2. What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What beautiful flowers (these are)！ 3. What + 形容词 + 不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What fine weather it is today！ How how 引导的感叹句中心词为形容词或副词 1. How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分！ How lovely the cat is！/ How hard she works！ 2. How + 主语 + 谓语！ How time flies！ 做题口诀 去主谓 定末尾 名词what 形副 how a/an 出现要注意 形名相连就用 what 形名不连就用 how how a / how an 永不选 副词只能用 how 1. What 修饰名词，How 修饰形容词/副词，看到名词优先用 What，看到形容词/副词单独用 How。 2. 单数可数名词前必须用 What a/an，不可数名词和复数名词不能加 a/an。 3. a/an 看发音不看字母：元音音素开头用 an，如 an honest boy，a useful book。 4. 不可数名词（weather, news, advice, information, fun, work, music）永远不加 a/an。 5. 形容词后直接跟主语（it/you/they/he/she），必用 How。 6. 句型结构不能混用：不能出现 How a / What 直接加形容词等错误形式。 7. How 可修饰动词，表示程度，结构为 How + 主语 + 谓语！ 1．________ amazing achievements our country has made during the past few years! A．What an B．What C．How D．What a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，我们国家取得了多么惊人的成就啊！ 中心词是复数名词achievements，前面有形容词amazing修饰。根据感叹句结构“What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语！”可知，应用What引导，且复数名词前不用冠词a或an，How后直接接形容词或副词。应填What。 2．—We haven’t seen each other since the war broke out. —Yes. ________ time flies! We’ve changed a lot. A．What B．How a C．How 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——自从战争爆发后我们就没见过面了。——是的。时间过得真快啊！我们改变了很多。 What多么；How a结构错误；How多么。本句中心部分是“time flies”，符合“How + 主语 + 谓语!”的结构，应填How。 3．________ great progress China has made in technology, such as in 5G and AI! A．What B．What a C．How a D．How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国在科技方面取得了多么大的进步啊，比如在5G和人工智能领域！ 本句中心词是“progress”，为不可数名词，应用“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词”结构。故选A。 4．________ amazing advice she gave! A．How B．What an C．What 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她给出的建议太令人惊讶了！ 在本句中，中心词“advice”是不可数名词，前面不能加不定冠词“an”，其结构为“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！所以应填What。 5．_______ amazing achievement the Chinese scientists have made in the field of quantum computing (量子计算)! A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国科学家在量子计算领域取得了多么了不起的成就啊！ 考查感叹句的结构。What引导感叹句，后接名词；What an引导感叹句，后接可数名词单数（元音音素开头）；How引导感叹句，后接形容词/副词；How an为错误表达。根据“感叹句中心词是可数名词单数achievement（以元音音素开头）”的规则可知，此处应用“What an”引导感叹句。应填What an。 6．________ exciting news it is! China has successfully launched another space station module. A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：多么令人兴奋的消息啊！中国成功发射了另一个空间站舱体。 “What”用于引导感叹句，修饰名词或名词短语；“What an”用于引导感叹句，修饰以元音音素开头的单数可数名词；“How”用于引导感叹句，修饰形容词、副词或动词；“How an”表述错误，不存在这种用法。本句中“exciting news”是名词短语，且“news”是不可数名词，所以用“What”来引导这个感叹句，应填What。 7．________ excited the girl was! She won the first place in the competition. A．What B．How C．What a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个女孩多么兴奋啊！她在这场比赛中获得了第一名。 根据“…excited the girl was!”可知，此空引导感叹句，感叹句的结构是“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”或者“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语”，本题感叹部分是形容词“excited”，后面“the girl was”是主谓部分，因此用How。 8．—Jenny won first prize in Sharing Chinese Stories in English Competition. —________ great news it is! Her English used to be pretty bad. A．How a B．How C．What a D．What 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——珍妮在“用英语讲中国故事”比赛中获得了一等奖。——这是多么好的消息啊！她的英语以前还很差呢。 How a错误结构；How多么，后接形容词或副词；What a多么，后接以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词；What多么，后接不可数名词或复数名词。news是不可数名词，应用What引导感叹句，结构为What + adj. + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语，应填What。 9．________ exciting the dragon boat race is! Thousands of people are watching it. A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：龙舟赛多么令人兴奋啊！成千上万的人正在观看。 What什么；What an一个什么；How多么；How an表述错误。根据“...exciting the dragon boat race is! Thousands of people are watching it.”可知，此处为感叹句，中心词为形容词“exciting”，应用“How +形容词+主语+谓语”结构，应填How。 10．________ amazing news it is that our class has won first place in the singing competition! A．What B．What a C．What an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们班在歌唱比赛中得了第一名，这是多么令人惊奇的消息啊！ 句子是感叹句，中心词是不可数名词news，用感叹句结构“what+形容词+不可数名词+主谓”。 考点二 介词 （2025·浙江·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中单词的正确形式。 7 the help of his sister, who had studied Chinese herself, he improved rapidly. She spent hours tutoring him, sharing her textbooks, and even cooking dumplings while they reviewed vocabulary. 7．句意：在学过汉语的姐姐帮助下，他进步飞快。with the help of“在某人的帮助下”，故填With。 （2024·浙江·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 “Now please, will you go and play 6 a moment?” 6．句意：现在请你去玩一会儿好吗？for a moment“片刻，一会儿”，固定短语。故填for。 一、时间介词 at 在某个时刻或在黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜 at seven o’clock at noon at night on 在具体的某一天或者某一天的某一段时间 on Sunday on July 2nd on Sunday morning on the morning of Sunday in 在某个较长的时间（如世纪，朝代，年，月， 季节，及泛指的上午，下午和晚上等） in 1998 in spring in January in the morning 后加一段时间，表多久以后/内，用于将来时 in 3 days after +时间点，表“…以后 ”，常用于将来时 They arrived in Beijing after 2 days. +时间段，表“…以后 ”，常用于过去时 I will call you up after three o’clock. before 表“在…之前 ” Please clean the room before 4 o’clock. since +时间点，表“ 自从… ”，用于完成时 She has lived here since 1998. for +时间段，表“持续… ”，用于完成时 She has watched TV for 2 hours. from 表“从…开始 ” They worked in the factory from morning to evening. by +时间点，表“到…为止 ”，后跟一个过去的 时间点，用于过去完成时 I had read 200 books by the end of last year. during +时间段，表“在…期间 ” I usually go swimming during the summer holidays. 二、其他介词 空间位置in/ on/ at 上下 above/ below 穿过 考点 in+大地点（国家城市） above 在……上方 across 表面穿过 ①介词+动词 ing ②介词+人称代词宾格 ③地点副词前不加介词 （这那里楼上下 家国外） ④ 介 词 短 语 on 在……上（有接触） below 在……下方 through 内部穿过 at+小地点/ 门牌号 正上正下over/ under past 旁边经过 之间 between/among over 在……正上方 along 沿着…… between 两者之间 under 在……正下方 over 上面越过 among 三者及以上之间 用……工具/手段 在树上 地理位置in/ on/ to in+语言 on the tree（树上长出的） in 范围内 with+具体工具 in the tree （外来物） on 范围外，接壤 by+名词/ 动词 ing by+交通工具 在墙上 to 范围外，不接壤 on the wall 在墙表面 在……前面（里 the 外不 the） in the wall 在墙里面 in front of 在外部的前面/ in the front of 在内部的前面 3、 介词短语 1 at once 立刻 2 at last 最后 3 at first 起先，首先 4 at the age of... 在……岁时 5 at the end of...在……之末 6 at the beginning of... 在……之初 7 at the foot of... 在……脚下 8 at the same time 同时 9 at night/noon 在夜里/中午 10 with one’ s help 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助 11 with the help of ... 在……的帮助下 12 with a smile 面带笑容 13 with one’ s own eyes 亲眼看见 14 after a while 过了一会儿 15 from now on 从现在起 16 from then on 从那时起 17 for example 例如 18 far away from 远离 19 from morning till night 从早到晚 20 by and by 不久 21 by air mail 寄航空邮件 22 by bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车 23 by ordinary mail 寄平信 24 by the way 顺便说 25 by the window 在窗边 26 by the end of... 到……底为止 27 little by little 逐渐地 28 in all 总共 29 in fact 事实上 30 in one’ s twenties 在某人二十几岁时 31 in a hurry 匆忙 32 in the middle of 在……中间 33 in no time (in a minute) 立刻，很快 34 in time (on time) 及时 35 in public 公众，公开地 36 in order to 为了…… 37 in front of 在……前面 38 in the sun 在阳光下 39 in the end 最后，终于 40 in surprise 惊奇地 41 in turn 依次 42 of course 当然 43 a bit (of) 有一点儿 44 a lot of 许多 45 a little 一点儿 46 on one’ s way to 某人在去……的路上 47 on foot 步行，走路 48 a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告 49 on the other hand 另一方面 50 at/on the weekend 在周末 51 on the left (right) 在左(右)边 52 on the other side of 在……另一边 53 on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播) 54 to one’ s joy 使……高兴的是 55 to one’ s surprise 使……惊讶的是 1. 时间介词口诀：in 年 in 月 in 季节，on 日 on 号 on 某早，at 点 at 刻 at 午夜。 2. 地点介词口诀：大 in 小 at 街道 on，in the tree（外来物），on the tree（树上长的）。 3. 固定搭配优先：遇到 be good, look forward 等短语，先想固定搭配，再看语境。 1. We usually have the first class ______ 8:00 in the morning. 2. My father often goes to work ______ bus instead of driving a car. 3. You must return the book ______ time, or you’ll be fined. 4. The little boy ran out of the room ______ surprise when he heard the news. 5. We should help people who are ______ trouble in our daily life. 6. ______ fact, many people don’t really care about their health. 7. You must get up early ______ order to catch the early train tomorrow. 8. He kept running and reached the finishing line ______ time. 9. It’s impolite to talk loudly ______ public. 10. They decided to have a short rest ______ once after a long walk. 11. He goes to the library to read books ______ times when he is free. 12. They will build a new bridge ______ the two villages soon. 13. He didn’t pass the exam because ______ his carelessness. 14. The girl found her lost wallet ______ accident on the street. 15. We take notes in class ______ our pens every day. 16. It’s very kind ______ you to give me so much help. 17. They have worked in this city ______ 2018. 18. I usually walk to school ______ foot because I live near it. 19. He stayed up late last night, so he felt sleepy ______ class. 20. We should learn to share our happiness and sadness ______ our friends. 1.at 2.by 3.on 4.in 5.in 6.In 7.in 8.in 9.in 10.at 11.at 12.between 13.of 14.by 15.with 16.of 17.since 18.on 19.in 20.with 一、单项选择 1．Bob lost his girlfriend and his job. ________ bad luck he had! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】B 【详解】句意：鲍勃失去了女朋友和工作。他运气真糟糕！ 考查感叹句。luck为不可数名词，意为“运气”。感叹句结构为“What + (形容词) + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！”。How引导感叹句时后接形容词或副词，不直接修饰名词。故选B。 2．________ amazing the robot show WuBOT was at the Spring Festival Gala! A．What B．What a C．How D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：春晚上的机器人节目WuBOT多么精彩啊！ 考查感叹句。中心词amazing是形容词，符合感叹句结构“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”，此处要用How引导。故选C。 3．—________ excited we were when seeing the short videos promoting (宣传) our hometown! —We’re proud of our hometown. Let’s work together to make it even better soon. A．How B．What C．How a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——当我们看到宣传家乡的短视频时，我们是多么兴奋啊!——我们为我们的家乡感到骄傲。让我们共同努力，让它尽快变得更好。 How多么；What什么；How a表达错误。根据句子结构可知，本句是感叹句，其结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”或“What+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！”。根据“... excited we were...”可知，此处符合“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”的结构，应填How。 4．—________ excellent work you have done! —It’s very kind of you to say so. A．What an B．How C．What D．How an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你做的工作多出色啊！——你这么说真是太好了。 考查感叹句。“excellent work”是一个名词短语，中心词“work”为不可数名词，因此应使用“What”引导，且不可数名词前不加冠词“a/an”。故选C。 5．—______ fine weather it is today! —Yes, let’s go for a picnic. A．What a B．How C．What 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——今天天气多好啊！——是的，我们去野餐吧。 考查感叹句结构。中心词是名词“weather”，且“weather”为不可数名词，前面不能用冠词“a”，因此用“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词”结构。故选C。 6．—Our teachers and parents take pride in us because we are responsible for ourselves. —________ thankful we are for their trust and support! A．What B．How C．What a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们的老师和父母以我们为傲，因为我们对我们自己很负责。——我们对他们的信任和支持是多么感激啊！ 考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，此句是感叹句，中心词thankful是形容词，用感叹句结构：How+形容词+主谓。故选B。 7．—China’s first ultra-deep water ocean drilling ship (超深水大洋科考钻探船) is expected to carry out its first scientific mission in 2026. —________ important step in deep-sea exploration it is! A．What an B．What C．How D．How an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——中国首艘超深水大洋科考钻探船预计将于2026年执行首次科学任务。——这是深海探索中多么重要的一步啊！ 考查感叹句结构。What an多么一个；What多么；How多么；How an错误搭配。根据空后“important step”可知，中心词是单数可数名词“step”，且“important”以元音音素开头，应用“What an”引导感叹句，结构为“What an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！”。故选A。 8．—The bike well-________  yesterday broke down again this afternoon. —________ unlucky you are! A．repairing; How B．repaired; What C．repaired; How 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨天修好的自行车今天下午又坏了。——你真倒霉啊！ 考查非谓语动词和感叹句。第一个空，分析句子结构可知，主语“The bike”与动词“repair”之间是被动关系，因此应用过去分词“repaired”作后置定语，修饰“The bike”；第二个空，根据“...unlucky you are!”可知，这是一个感叹句，中心词是形容词“unlucky”，因此应用“How”来引导感叹句，结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”。故选C。 9．________ unforgettable experience I had during the trip to Dunhuang! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在去敦煌的旅行中，我拥有了一段多么难忘的经历啊！ 考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，中心词“experience”在句中意为“经历”，是一个可数名词。符合感叹句结构“What (+ a/an) + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语!”。这里“unforgettable”以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故选C。 10．—How is Lucy getting along with her English? —You won’t believe ________ these days. A．what a rapid progress she is making B．what rapid progress she’s made C．what rapidly she’s progressing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Lucy的英语学得怎么样了？——你不会相信她这些天取得了多么快的进步。 考查感叹句和不可数名词。progress“进步”，是不可数名词，其前不用不定冠词a修饰；根据“You won’t believe...these days.”可知，此处是感叹句结构，即“what+形容词+不可数名词+主谓结构”，所以用what rapid progress she’s made。故选B。 11．—It’s time to graduate. We should say “Thanks” to our teachers. —Exactly! We have made great progress ________ the teachers’ help. A．with B．in C．under D．through 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——该毕业了，我们应该向老师说声“谢谢”。——没错！在老师的帮助下，我们取得了很大的进步。 with the teachers’ help是固定短语，表示“在老师的帮助下”；in、under、through均不能与the teachers’ help构成符合语境的搭配。 12．The beautiful dress is made ______ silk and made ______ Suzhou. A．from; in B．by; on C．of; in D．of; for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这条漂亮的裙子是用丝绸做的，并且在苏州制作的。 be made of由……制成（能看出原材料）；be made from由……制成（看不出原材料）；be made in在……地方制造。第一空silk（丝绸）是能看出原材料的，故用made of；第二空Suzhou是地点，表示产地，用made in。 13．She was born ______ the evening of August 11, 2008. A．in B．on C．at D．with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她出生于2008年8月11日的晚上。 in后常接时间点，如年份、月份、季节或者一天中的早中晚； on后接具体某一天或者具体某一天的早/中/晚； at后接时间点；with和，有。根据“the evening of August 11, 2008”可知，此处表示具体某天的晚上，应填on。 14．Shenzhou-20 was planned to bring three astronauts back to the Earth ________ November 2025. Because of a small crack, the return capsule of the Shenzhou-20 spaceship landed ________ January 19. A．on, in B．in, at C．in, on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：神舟20号计划于2025年11月将三名宇航员带回地球。由于出现一个小裂缝，神舟20号飞船的返回舱于1月19日着陆。 on在（具体的某一天）；in在，在，用于月份、季节、年份等较长的时间段；at在（具体时刻）。根据第一空后的“November 2025”可知，此处指在2025年11月，应用介词in；根据第二空后的“January 19”可知，此处指在具体的一天，用介词on，应填in，on。 15．They arrived at Harbin Taiping Airport ______ the morning of January 20. A．on B．in C．at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们在1月20日的早上抵达了哈尔滨太平机场。 on用于具体某一天的早上、下午或晚上；in用于泛指一天的上午、下午或晚上，或用于年、月、季节前；at用于具体的时刻前。根据句中“the morning of January 20”，这是具体某一天的早上，应填on。 16．The Chinese Herbal Medicine Club helps students explore the world of Chinese herbs (草药) ________ hands-on activities. A．through B．across C．over D．beyond 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中草药俱乐部帮助学生通过实践活动探索中草药的世界。 考查介词辨析。through通过，凭借（某种方式、手段或媒介）；across横穿，穿过（从表面的一边到另一边）；over在……上方；beyond超出，在……较远的一边。根据“explore the world of Chinese herbs (草药)…hands-on activities”可知，此处指凭借实践活动这一方式来达到探索的目的，through常用于表示通过某种手段或途径，符合语境。故选A。 17．From the top of the mountains,the houses ________ looked like small boxes. A．below B．under C．above D．over 【答案】A 【详解】句意：从山顶上看，下面的房子看起来像小盒子。 考查方位介词辨析。below在下方；under在……下面；above在上方；over在……上方。根据“From the top of the mountains”可知，说话者位于山顶，房子在山下，且空格后无宾语，需用方位介词“below”表示“在下方”，此处“below”作后置定语修饰前面的“the houses”，表示“在下面的房子”，符合语境。故选A。 18．It’s flu season, so we need to take good care _______ ourselves. A．of B．for C．with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：现在是流感季节，所以我们需要好好照顾自己。 考查介词辨析。of……的；for为了；with和……一起。根据“take good care...ourselves”可知此处考查短语“take care of”，意为“照顾”，符合句意。故选A。 19．—I’m sorry to have broken the glass, but I didn’t do it __________. —Never mind. You should be more careful next time. A．on purpose B．by accident C．by hand 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——对不起，我打碎了玻璃杯，但我不是故意这样做的。——没关系。下次你应该更小心。 考查介词短语。on purpose故意地；by accident偶然地；by hand手工。根据“I’m sorry”和“You should be more careful next time”可知，说话者是在道歉并解释自己不是故意的，因此应选“on purpose”。故选A。 20．—Did the worker introduce the recycling machine ________ just now? —Yes, he told us every step clearly. A．in detail B．in silence C．in need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——刚才工人详细介绍了回收机器吗？——是的，他清楚地告诉了我们每一步。 in detail详细地；in silence沉默地；in need在困境中。根据答句“he told us every step clearly”可知，工人介绍得很“详细”，应填in detail。 二、短语拼写 21．The teacher advised them to talk with their son ________. (亲自) 【答案】in person 【详解】句意：老师建议他们亲自和他们的儿子交谈。根据汉语提示可知，空格处应填“亲自”，对应英文表达为in person，介词短语在句中充当方式状语，修饰动词talk。故填in person。 22．I had a bad cold. The doctor told me to take the medicine ________. (按时) 【答案】on time 【详解】句意：我得了重感冒。医生告诉我要按时吃药。根据中文提示，on time“按时”符合题意，为介词短语。故填on time。 23．Please line up one by one, don’t push the person ________ (在……前面) of you. 【答案】in front 【详解】句意：请一个一个排队，不要推你前面的人。根据“the person...of you”可知，此处表达“在……前面”，英文为“in front of”，为固定短语，故填in front。 24．________ (毫无疑问), Shanxi is famous all over the world for the Black Myth: Wu Kong. 【答案】Without doubt 【详解】句意：毫无疑问，山西因《黑神话：悟空》而闻名世界。without doubt“毫无疑问”，介词短语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Without doubt。 25．________ ________ (多亏，由于) their hard work, the river is getting clearer. 【答案】 Thanks to 【详解】句意：多亏他们的辛勤付出，这条河正变得越来越清澈。根据“...their hard work, the river is getting clearer.”及汉语提示可知，此处表示“多亏，由于”，常用短语thanks to来表达，位于句首首字母大写。故填Thanks to。 26．________, I’ll visit you next weekend.（既然那样） 【答案】In that case 【详解】句意：既然那样，我下周末会去拜访你。in that case“既然那样”，介词短语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填In that case。 27．The books __________ are what we need. (在桌上) 【答案】on the desk 【详解】句意：桌子上的书是我们需要的。根据中文提示，on the desk“在桌上”符合题意，为介词短语，作后置定语。故填on the desk。 28．________ (根据) to the weather report, it will be cold next week. 【答案】According 【详解】句意：根据天气预报，下周将会很冷。根据汉语提示“根据”可知，其对应英文为“according”。位于句首，首字母要大写，“according to”为固定短语，意为“根据”。故填According。 29．Those pottery artworks were all made ________. (手工) 【答案】by hand 【详解】句意：那些陶艺品都是手工制作的。根据汉语提示可知，by hand意为“手工”，介词短语。故填by hand。 30．________ keep healthy, we should exercise every day. (为了) 【答案】In order to/To 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，我们应该每天锻炼。根据中文提示可知，“为了”可用短语in order to或to表示目的，后接动词原形keep构成目的状语。放在句首，首字母要大写。故填In order to/To。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 感叹句和介词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 感叹句 考点二 介词 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 • 感叹句：重点考查What/How 区分、a/an 选用、不可数名词前不加冠词。 • 介词：高频考点为时间介词（in/on/at）、地点介词（in/on/at）、方式介词（by/with/in）及各类固定搭配（如look forward to, be responsible for）。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 感叹句 第70小题 第67小题 介词 第73小题 第75小题 命题预测 1. 语境化：越来越注重在具体语境中考查冠词、连词的运用，很少孤立地考查语法规则。 2. 综合化：一道题中可能综合考查多个考点，如冠词与名词搭配、连词与复合句逻辑等。 3. 生活化：选材多与日常生活、校园生活、社会热点（如环保、科技、传统文化）等相关，让学生在熟悉的情境中运用知识。 考点一 感叹句 （2025·浙江·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中单词的正确形式。 9 exciting it is to explore the Great Wall and speak with locals! 用来表达喜悦、愤怒、悲哀、惊奇等不同的感情色彩。一般用 what 或 how 引导。 What what 引导的感叹句中心词为名词 1. What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What a cute girl (she is）！ / What an interesting story(it is)! 2. What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What beautiful flowers (these are)！ 3. What + 形容词 + 不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What fine weather it is today！ How how 引导的感叹句中心词为形容词或副词 1. How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分！ How lovely the cat is！/ How hard she works！ 2. How + 主语 + 谓语！ How time flies！ 做题口诀 去主谓 定末尾 名词what 形副 how a/an 出现要注意 形名相连就用 what 形名不连就用 how how a / how an 永不选 副词只能用 how 1. What 修饰名词，How 修饰形容词/副词，看到名词优先用 What，看到形容词/副词单独用 How。 2. 单数可数名词前必须用 What a/an，不可数名词和复数名词不能加 a/an。 3. a/an 看发音不看字母：元音音素开头用 an，如 an honest boy，a useful book。 4. 不可数名词（weather, news, advice, information, fun, work, music）永远不加 a/an。 5. 形容词后直接跟主语（it/you/they/he/she），必用 How。 6. 句型结构不能混用：不能出现 How a / What 直接加形容词等错误形式。 7. How 可修饰动词，表示程度，结构为 How + 主语 + 谓语！ 1．________ amazing achievements our country has made during the past few years! A．What an B．What C．How D．What a 2．—We haven’t seen each other since the war broke out. —Yes. ________ time flies! We’ve changed a lot. A．What B．How a C．How 3．________ great progress China has made in technology, such as in 5G and AI! A．What B．What a C．How a D．How 4．________ amazing advice she gave! A．How B．What an C．What 5．_______ amazing achievement the Chinese scientists have made in the field of quantum computing (量子计算)! A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 6．________ exciting news it is! China has successfully launched another space station module. A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 7．________ excited the girl was! She won the first place in the competition. A．What B．How C．What a 8．—Jenny won first prize in Sharing Chinese Stories in English Competition. —________ great news it is! Her English used to be pretty bad. A．How a B．How C．What a D．What 9．________ exciting the dragon boat race is! Thousands of people are watching it. A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 10．________ amazing news it is that our class has won first place in the singing competition! A．What B．What a C．What an 考点二 介词 （2025·浙江·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中单词的正确形式。 7 the help of his sister, who had studied Chinese herself, he improved rapidly. She spent hours tutoring him, sharing her textbooks, and even cooking dumplings while they reviewed vocabulary. （2024·浙江·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 “Now please, will you go and play 6 a moment?” 一、时间介词 at 在某个时刻或在黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜 at seven o’clock at noon at night on 在具体的某一天或者某一天的某一段时间 on Sunday on July 2nd on Sunday morning on the morning of Sunday in 在某个较长的时间（如世纪，朝代，年，月， 季节，及泛指的上午，下午和晚上等） in 1998 in spring in January in the morning 后加一段时间，表多久以后/内，用于将来时 in 3 days after +时间点，表“…以后 ”，常用于将来时 They arrived in Beijing after 2 days. +时间段，表“…以后 ”，常用于过去时 I will call you up after three o’clock. before 表“在…之前 ” Please clean the room before 4 o’clock. since +时间点，表“ 自从… ”，用于完成时 She has lived here since 1998. for +时间段，表“持续… ”，用于完成时 She has watched TV for 2 hours. from 表“从…开始 ” They worked in the factory from morning to evening. by +时间点，表“到…为止 ”，后跟一个过去的 时间点，用于过去完成时 I had read 200 books by the end of last year. during +时间段，表“在…期间 ” I usually go swimming during the summer holidays. 二、其他介词 空间位置in/ on/ at 上下 above/ below 穿过 考点 in+大地点（国家城市） above 在……上方 across 表面穿过 ①介词+动词 ing ②介词+人称代词宾格 ③地点副词前不加介词 （这那里楼上下 家国外） ④ 介 词 短 语 on 在……上（有接触） below 在……下方 through 内部穿过 at+小地点/ 门牌号 正上正下over/ under past 旁边经过 之间 between/among over 在……正上方 along 沿着…… between 两者之间 under 在……正下方 over 上面越过 among 三者及以上之间 用……工具/手段 在树上 地理位置in/ on/ to in+语言 on the tree（树上长出的） in 范围内 with+具体工具 in the tree （外来物） on 范围外，接壤 by+名词/ 动词 ing by+交通工具 在墙上 to 范围外，不接壤 on the wall 在墙表面 在……前面（里 the 外不 the） in the wall 在墙里面 in front of 在外部的前面/ in the front of 在内部的前面 3、 介词短语 1 at once 立刻 2 at last 最后 3 at first 起先，首先 4 at the age of... 在……岁时 5 at the end of...在……之末 6 at the beginning of... 在……之初 7 at the foot of... 在……脚下 8 at the same time 同时 9 at night/noon 在夜里/中午 10 with one’ s help 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助 11 with the help of ... 在……的帮助下 12 with a smile 面带笑容 13 with one’ s own eyes 亲眼看见 14 after a while 过了一会儿 15 from now on 从现在起 16 from then on 从那时起 17 for example 例如 18 far away from 远离 19 from morning till night 从早到晚 20 by and by 不久 21 by air mail 寄航空邮件 22 by bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车 23 by ordinary mail 寄平信 24 by the way 顺便说 25 by the window 在窗边 26 by the end of... 到……底为止 27 little by little 逐渐地 28 in all 总共 29 in fact 事实上 30 in one’ s twenties 在某人二十几岁时 31 in a hurry 匆忙 32 in the middle of 在……中间 33 in no time (in a minute) 立刻，很快 34 in time (on time) 及时 35 in public 公众，公开地 36 in order to 为了…… 37 in front of 在……前面 38 in the sun 在阳光下 39 in the end 最后，终于 40 in surprise 惊奇地 41 in turn 依次 42 of course 当然 43 a bit (of) 有一点儿 44 a lot of 许多 45 a little 一点儿 46 on one’ s way to 某人在去……的路上 47 on foot 步行，走路 48 a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告 49 on the other hand 另一方面 50 at/on the weekend 在周末 51 on the left (right) 在左(右)边 52 on the other side of 在……另一边 53 on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播) 54 to one’ s joy 使……高兴的是 55 to one’ s surprise 使……惊讶的是 1. 时间介词口诀：in 年 in 月 in 季节，on 日 on 号 on 某早，at 点 at 刻 at 午夜。 2. 地点介词口诀：大 in 小 at 街道 on，in the tree（外来物），on the tree（树上长的）。 3. 固定搭配优先：遇到 be good, look forward 等短语，先想固定搭配，再看语境。 1. We usually have the first class ______ 8:00 in the morning. 2. My father often goes to work ______ bus instead of driving a car. 3. You must return the book ______ time, or you’ll be fined. 4. The little boy ran out of the room ______ surprise when he heard the news. 5. We should help people who are ______ trouble in our daily life. 6. ______ fact, many people don’t really care about their health. 7. You must get up early ______ order to catch the early train tomorrow. 8. He kept running and reached the finishing line ______ time. 9. It’s impolite to talk loudly ______ public. 10. They decided to have a short rest ______ once after a long walk. 11. He goes to the library to read books ______ times when he is free. 12. They will build a new bridge ______ the two villages soon. 13. He didn’t pass the exam because ______ his carelessness. 14. The girl found her lost wallet ______ accident on the street. 15. We take notes in class ______ our pens every day. 16. It’s very kind ______ you to give me so much help. 17. They have worked in this city ______ 2018. 18. I usually walk to school ______ foot because I live near it. 19. He stayed up late last night, so he felt sleepy ______ class. 20. We should learn to share our happiness and sadness ______ our friends. 一、单项选择 1．Bob lost his girlfriend and his job. ________ bad luck he had! A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 2．________ amazing the robot show WuBOT was at the Spring Festival Gala! A．What B．What a C．How D．What an 3．—________ excited we were when seeing the short videos promoting (宣传) our hometown! —We’re proud of our hometown. Let’s work together to make it even better soon. A．How B．What C．How a 4．—________ excellent work you have done! —It’s very kind of you to say so. A．What an B．How C．What D．How an 5．—______ fine weather it is today! —Yes, let’s go for a picnic. A．What a B．How C．What 6．—Our teachers and parents take pride in us because we are responsible for ourselves. —________ thankful we are for their trust and support! A．What B．How C．What a 7．—China’s first ultra-deep water ocean drilling ship (超深水大洋科考钻探船) is expected to carry out its first scientific mission in 2026. —________ important step in deep-sea exploration it is! A．What an B．What C．How D．How an 8．—The bike well-________  yesterday broke down again this afternoon. —________ unlucky you are! A．repairing; How B．repaired; What C．repaired; How 9．________ unforgettable experience I had during the trip to Dunhuang! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 10．—How is Lucy getting along with her English? —You won’t believe ________ these days. A．what a rapid progress she is making B．what rapid progress she’s made C．what rapidly she’s progressing 11．—It’s time to graduate. We should say “Thanks” to our teachers. —Exactly! We have made great progress ________ the teachers’ help. A．with B．in C．under D．through 12．The beautiful dress is made ______ silk and made ______ Suzhou. A．from; in B．by; on C．of; in D．of; for 13．She was born ______ the evening of August 11, 2008. A．in B．on C．at D．with 14．Shenzhou-20 was planned to bring three astronauts back to the Earth ________ November 2025. Because of a small crack, the return capsule of the Shenzhou-20 spaceship landed ________ January 19. A．on, in B．in, at C．in, on 15．They arrived at Harbin Taiping Airport ______ the morning of January 20. A．on B．in C．at 16．The Chinese Herbal Medicine Club helps students explore the world of Chinese herbs (草药) ________ hands-on activities. A．through B．across C．over D．beyond 17．From the top of the mountains,the houses ________ looked like small boxes. A．below B．under C．above D．over 18．It’s flu season, so we need to take good care _______ ourselves. A．of B．for C．with 19．—I’m sorry to have broken the glass, but I didn’t do it __________. —Never mind. You should be more careful next time. A．on purpose B．by accident C．by hand 20．—Did the worker introduce the recycling machine ________ just now? —Yes, he told us every step clearly. A．in detail B．in silence C．in need 二、短语拼写 21．The teacher advised them to talk with their son ________. (亲自) 22．I had a bad cold. The doctor told me to take the medicine ________. (按时) 23．Please line up one by one, don’t push the person ________ (在……前面) of you. 24．________ (毫无疑问), Shanxi is famous all over the world for the Black Myth: Wu Kong. 25．________ ________ (多亏，由于) their hard work, the river is getting clearer. 26．________, I’ll visit you next weekend.（既然那样） 27．The books __________ are what we need. (在桌上) 28．________ (根据) to the weather report, it will be cold next week. 29．Those pottery artworks were all made ________. (手工) 30．________ keep healthy, we should exercise every day. (为了) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $