Unit 2 Grammar Focus 反身代词、 情态动词专项 课件 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 2 What should we do when we don’t feel well. Section A (Grammar Focus-4d) Learning objects 知识目标:能准确说出并拼写 8 个反身代词(myself/yourself 等),掌握其基本含义和变化规律。 技能目标:能正确使用 should/shouldn't/could 给出健康或安全方面的建议,完成相关填空和对话。 运用目标:能在角色扮演中,用英语描述常见疾病 / 受伤,并给出 2 条以上合理建议。 情感目标:树立健康生活和安全意识,学会关心他人并给出恰当建议。 Read the sentences. Underline the modal verbs for advice . (读句子,在表示建议的情态动词下划线) 4a What's wrong? I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. You shouldn't eat so much next time. What's the matter? I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now. How did you hurt yourself? I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves. 一、知识点 1:情态动词 should & could(提建议专用) 1. 核心区别 情态动词 核心含义 语气 用法规则 should 应该(表建议 / 责任) 直接、强硬 后接动词原形;否定式 = shouldn’t(不应该) could 可以、不妨(表委婉建议 / 请求) 委婉、温和 后接动词原形;无第三人称单数变化 2. 用法详解 (1)should 的用法 ① 表建议 / 劝告 ② 表责任 / 义务 ③ 否定式 shouldn’t(表 “不应该”) You should see the dentist.(你应该去看牙医。) You should eat some soft food.(你应该吃些软的食物。) You shouldn’t eat so much next time.(下次你不应该吃这么多。) We should help each other.(我们应该互相帮助。) (2)could 的用法 ① 表委婉建议(比 should 更客气) ② 表请求许可(常用于疑问句) 情态动词后必须加动词原形,无 to、无 s 变化。 You could eat some soft food.(你可以吃些软的食物。) Could you help me?(你能帮我吗?) 根据语,篇内容用 should/shouldn’t/could 填空。 Computers are powerful tools for study and work, but you 1. _ use them in a healthy way. First, to protect your back and neck, you 2. _ sit up straight and keep your screen at eye level. What’s more, you 3. _ adjust your chair height to make sure your feet are flat on the floor. Of course, you 4. _sit in front of the computer for hours without a break. Every 45 minutes, you 5. _ stand up and stretch your body. You certainly 6. _ play computer games for too long, especially before bedtime. In fact, you 7. _ use computers to do more creative things. For example, you 8. _ learn to draw pictures or make simple videos. You 9. _ also use them to find useful information for your school projects instead of just watching cartoons. Remember, computers are our good helpers, but we 10. _ be their masters. Exercise should should could shouldn’t should shouldn’t could could could should Complete the passage with should, shouldn't, or could. Mobile phones are useful, but you _ use them wisely. To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you_ rest your eyes and look at something far away. What's more, you _ change your screen's brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the screen bigger. Of course, you _ look at your phone just before you go to bed, and you certainly _ look at it when you cross the road! In fact, you_ avoid using your phone too often. You _ listen to music instead of watching videos. You _ also talk to your friends instead of sending them messages. 4c should should could shouldn't shouldn't should could could rest one's eyes:让眼睛休息 look at something far away:看远处的东西 change screen's brightness:调整屏幕亮度 cross the road:过马路 avoid doing sth:避免做某事 instead of:代替;而不是 what's more:更重要的是;此外 4a What's wrong? I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches. You shouldn't eat so much next time. What's the matter? I have a really bad toothache. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now. How did you hurt yourself? I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. Be more careful next time. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves. Read the sentences. Circle the reflexive pronouns.(读句子,圈出反身代词) Grammar Focus 核心知识点精讲 一、知识点 1:反身代词(Reflexive Pronouns) 1. 定义与构成 反身代词表示 “_”,强调动作作用于主语本身或加强语气。 构成规则: ……自己 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 myself(我自己) ourselves(我们自己) yourself(你自己) yourselves(你们自己) himself(他自己)/herself(她自己)/itself(它自己) themselves(他们 / 她们 / 它们自己) 2. 核心用法 (1)作动词 / 介词宾语(最核心) 当主语和宾语是同一人 / 物时,必须用反身代词。 I hurt myself when I fell off my bike.(我从自行车上摔下来伤到了自己。) She taught herself English.(她自学英语。) 易错:不能用宾格(her/him)替代,如不能说 I hurt her.(主语是 I,宾语需是 myself) 巧记:反身代词反主语。 (2)加强语气(译作 “亲自”) 放在主语 / 宾语后,强调动作由本人完成,可省略。 巧记:反身代词反主语。 He himself cleaned the room.(他亲自打扫了房间。) I will do the work myself.(我亲自做这项工作。) (3)固定搭配 by oneself = alone 独自地 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 = have fun/ have a good time help oneself to sth. 随便吃 / 用某物 hurt oneself 伤到自己 protect oneself 保护自己 take care of oneself 照顾自己 = look after oneself cut oneself 割到自己 teach oneself 自学= learn by oneself introduce oneself 自我介绍 dress oneself 自己穿衣服 Exercise 用适当的反身代词填空。 1. My little sister is only four, but she can dress _ now. 2. We should enjoy _ while studying. Don’t always be so nervous. 3. The story _ is interesting enough to attract all the readers. 4. They introduced _ to each other at the party last night. 5. When facing difficult math problems, he often encourages _ not to give up. herself ourselves himself themselves itself 请记住:反身代词反主语。 单项选择 —Who taught you to draw? —Nobody. I learned it by _. A. myself B. me C. mine He is old enough to dress _ now. A. himself B. his C. he Don’t worry. We can finish the work by _. A. ourselves B. us C. our 请记住:反身代词反主语。 The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by _. Be careful when you're using the knife! Don't cut _. After taking the safety training, we can enjoy _ in the mountains. Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor _. The students are young, but they know how to protect _. Her clearest memory is not of the race _, but the terrible pain in her legs the next day. Complete the sentences using the correct reflexive pronouns. 4b herself yourself ourselves himself themselves itself pain n. 痛苦;疼痛 painful adj. 疼痛的;令人痛苦的 照顾,负责 by oneself:独自;亲自 请记住:反身代词反主语。 总结句型 1. 询问健康状况 What's wrong? / What's the matter?(怎么了?) How did you hurt yourself?(你怎么伤到自己的?) Do you have a sore throat /bad cold?(你喉咙痛 / 得了重感冒吗?) Did you fall from your bike /cut yourself?(你从自行车上摔下来 / 割伤自己了吗?) 2. 描述病痛 / 受伤 I have a really bad toothache.(我牙痛得厉害。) My stomach aches.(我胃痛。) I hurt myself when I fell off my bike.(我从自行车上摔下来时伤到了自己。) 3. 给出建议 You should /shouldn't ...(你应该 / 不应该……) You could ...(你可以……) Be more careful next time.(下次要更小心。) 2026春 八下15页 情态动词、反身代词导学案 Grammar Focus 核心知识点精讲 一、知识点 1:情态动词 should & could(提建议专用) 核心区别 情态动词 核心含义 语气 用法规则 should 表建议 /职责 直接、强硬 后接动词原形; 否定式应该= shouldn't不应该 could 可以、不妨(表 委婉、建议/请求) 委婉、温和 后接动词原形; 无第三人称单数变化 2.用法详解 (1)should 的用法 ① 表建议 / 劝告 You should see the dentist.(你应该去看牙医。) You should eat some soft food.(你应该吃些软的食物。) ② 表责任 / 义务 We should help each other.(我们应该互相帮助。) ③ 否定式 shouldn’t(表 “不应该”) You shouldn’t eat so much next time.(下次你不应该吃这么多。) (2)could 的用法 ① 表委婉建议(比 should 更客气) You could eat some soft food.(你可以吃些软的食物。) ② 表请求许可(常用于疑问句) Could you help me?(你能帮我吗?) 根据语,篇内容用 should/shouldn’t/could 填空。 Computers are powerful tools for study and work, but you 1. _ use them in a healthy way. First, to protect your back and neck, you 2. _ sit up straight and keep your screen at eye level. What’s more, you 3. _ adjust your chair height to make sure your feet are flat on the floor. Of course, you 4. _sit in front of the computer for hours without a break. Every 45 minutes, you 5. _ stand up and stretch your body. You certainly 6. _ play computer games for too long, especially before bedtime. In fact, you 7. _ use computers to do more creative things. For example, you 8. _ learn to draw pictures or make simple videos. You 9. _ also use them to find useful information for your school projects instead of just watching cartoons. Remember, computers are our good helpers, but we 10. _ be their masters. 二、知识点 1:反身代词(Reflexive Pronouns) 1. 定义与构成 反身代词表示 “、、、自己”,强调动作作用于主语本身或加强语气。 构成规则: 数\人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself我自己 yourself你自己 himself他自己 herself她自己 itself它自己 复数 ourselves我们自己 yourselves你们自己 themselves他/她/它们自己 2. 核心用法。巧记:反身代词反主语。 (1)作动词 / 介词宾语(最核心) 当主语和宾语是同一人 / 物时,必须用反身代词。 I hurt myself when I fell off my bike.(我从自行车上摔下来伤到了自己。) She taught herself English.(她自学英语。) (2)加强语气(译作 “亲自”)巧记:反身代词反主语。 放在主语 / 宾语后,强调动作由本人完成,可省略。 He himself cleaned the room.(他亲自打扫了房间。) I will do the work myself.(我亲自做这项工作。) (3)固定搭配 by oneself = alone 独自地 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 = have fun/ have a good time help oneself to sth. 随便吃 / 用某物 hurt oneself 伤到自己 protect oneself 保护自己 take care of oneself 照顾自己 = look after oneself cut oneself teach oneself 自学= learn by oneself introduce oneself 自我介绍 dress oneself 自己穿衣服 一、用适当的反身代词填空。 1. My little sister is only four, but she can dress _ now. 2. We should enjoy _ while studying. Don’t always be so nervous. 3. The story _ is interesting enough to attract all the readers. 4. They introduced _ to each other at the party last night. 5. When facing difficult math problems, he often encourages _ not to give up. 二、单项选择 —Who taught you to draw? —Nobody. I learned it by _. A. myself B. me C. mine He is old enough to dress _ now. A. himself B. his C. he Don’t worry. We can finish the work by _. A.ourselves B. us C. our 总结句型 1. 询问健康状况 What's wrong? / What's the matter?(怎么了?) How did you hurt yourself?(你怎么伤到自己的?) Do you have a sore throat /bad cold?(你喉咙痛 / 得了重感冒吗?) Did you fall from your bike /cut yourself?(你从自行车上摔下来 / 割伤自己了吗?) 2. 描述病痛 / 受伤 I have a really bad toothache.(我牙痛得厉害。) My stomach aches.(我胃痛。) I hurt myself when I fell off my bike.(我从自行车上摔下来时伤到了自己。) 3. 给出建议 You should /shouldn't ...(你应该 / 不应该……) You could ...(你可以……) Be more careful next time.(下次要更小心。) 该页为:导学案 $