Unit4 Scientists who changed the world 单元词汇练习-2025-2026学年高中英语牛津译林版必修第三册

B3U4 Scientists who changed the world 单元重点词汇复习 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 1. adj.致命的；十足的，彻底的 2. vt.延迟，延期 3. vt.& vi.组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止 4. n．数据，资料，材料 5. n．错误，差错 6. n．共和国，共和政体 7. n．省，省份 8. vt.说明，解释；加插图于 9. n．实验，试验；尝试，实践 vi.做试验，进行实验；尝试 10. n．试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验 vi.& vt.测试，试验 11. adj.家庭的，家用的，家务的 n．一家人，家庭 12. (sing.bacterium) n．细菌 13. n．学说，论；原理；看法，意见 14. n．金属 15. n．炸弹；核武器 vt.轰炸 16. n．赞扬，认可；信用 vt.存入金额；把……归于 17. adj.突出的 n．突出的人(或物) 18. vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n．收费；控告；谴责；掌管 19. n．权威，权力；官方 20. n．自由 21. vt.出版，发行；发表；公布 22. vt.取消，使无效；否认，否定 23. n．容器；集装箱，货柜→ vt.包含，容纳，装盛；控制 24. adj.足够的，充足的→ n．足量，充足 25. n．才智；明智；智慧，知识，学问→ adj.明智的→ adv.明智地 26. adj.广泛的；宽阔的；概括的；开阔的→ v．增长(经验、知识等)；变宽 27. n．生存，存活；残存物→ vi.& vt.幸存；比……活得长→ n．幸存者 28. vi.& vt.想要，计划；意指→ n．目的，意图 29. adj.有限的→ n．& vt.限制→ n．局限，限制性条件 30. adj.有益的，有用的→ n．益处 v．对……有益 31. n．电，电能→ adj.电的；发电的，电动的；用电的 32. n．意外，偶然的事；事故，意外遭遇→ adj.偶然的，意外的→ adv.偶然地，意外地 33. vt.牵涉，影响；包含；(使)参加→ adj.参与的；卷入的→ n．参与；卷入；牵连 34. vt.围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关→ adj.周围的→ n．环境；周围的事物 35. vt.表明；暗示；提及；指出→ n．表明；显示；指示 36. adj.有才智的，聪明的；有智力的→ n．才智 37. vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n．帮助；赞同；偏袒→ adj.赞成的；有利的 38. n．政治家，从政者；投机钻营者→ n．政治(学)→ adj.政治的 39. adj.科学的，关于科学的；细致严谨的→ n．科学→ n．科学家 40. vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报→ n．宣告，声明 41. n．责任；职责→ adj.负责的；有责任心的→ adv.明事理地；认真负责地；可信赖地 42. adj.道德的；道义上的；品行端正的 n．品行，道德；寓意→ adj.不道德的→ n．道德；道德准则；道义 43. vt.& vi.应用；申请；涂；有关→ n．申请(书)；应用→ n．申请人 44. n．无知→ adj.不了解的，无知的；无礼的→ vt.忽视；对……不予理会 45. vt.& vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n．许可证→ n．允许，许可 46. n．国籍；民族→ adj.国家的，民族的→ n．国家；民族；国民 47. n．结婚，婚姻；已婚状态→ v．结婚 Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1. We are doing our best with the (limit) resources available. 2. It can be (benefit) to share your feeling with someone you trust. 3. It is true that reading books (broad) our horizons and gives us wisdom. 4. In the past，malaria was a deadly disease that threatened the (survive) of millions of people. 5. With the (intend) of extracting the most effective material，they experimented on hundreds of herbs. 6. A (political) is one who is interested or involved in politics. 7. Committed to (science) research，the standout biologist has no time to enjoy himself. 8. I found this picture (accident)，which reminded me of the former travel experience. 9. Farmers will have a good harvest，provided that the weather and the soil are (favour)． 10. I’d appreciate it if you could give me some advice on how to adapt to new (surround)． 11. Working as a doctor involves a great sense of (responsible)． 12. I bought my friend Peter a gift to congratulate him on his (marry)． 13. Lying and stealing are considered (moral) conduct in every human society. 14. He declared the news without the (permit) of the authorities，which let others down. Ⅲ.默写核心短语 1. 查阅，参考；提到，谈及 2. (使)加速 3. 成功，奏效，达到目的 4. 反复试验 5. 打算做某事，计划做某事 6. 限定在……；受限于…… 7. 有影响，起作用 8. 因为，多亏了 9. 偶然，意外地 10. 被……包围/环绕 11. 赞同，支持 12. 理论上 13. 由……负责/掌管 14. 很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响 15. 参与；卷入；与……有关联 16. 放弃 17. 凭借，利用 18. 未能做 19. 使某人失望 20. 关于，至于 21. 想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然 22. 提出，提议，建议 23. 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄 24. 远非；远离 25. 计算出；解决；理解 26. 穿过；经历 Ⅳ.选词填空 从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子 1. Obviously，walking an hour every day has to my health. 2. He intended to illustrate the phenomenon to his students . 3. They worked hard to find a cure for the deadly disease and their efforts eventually . 4. The scientist a great many books and conducted a lot of experiments to prove his theory. 5. 1．The majority of the kids are her teaching method and are fond of her. 6. Achieving these goals is relatively easy ，yet quite difficult in practice. 7. Only if we the experience of other people can we attain what we want in a shorter term. 8. The new teacher students every day，which indicates the students’ love for him. 9. She arrived just as we were leaving，but I was not sure whether this was or by design. 10. To be honest，I’m at a loss how to conduct the experiment. 11. Most of the staff are in favour of the plan at the meeting. 12. It was obvious that much of what they recorded was the truth. 13. We shouldn’t that others have the responsibility to help us. 14. At school，you may have learned in books that soldiers many difficulties. V.经典句式 1．他养成了每天晚饭后去散步的习惯。(it作形式宾语) He every day after dinner. 2．他们很可能会因为这个过错而被公司解雇。(be likely to) They because of the fault. 3．直到那时他才意识到团队合作的重要性。(含“not until”的强调句) he realized the importance of teamwork. 4．我希望以上这些建议会对你有所帮助。(be of＋抽象名词) I hope these suggestions above will . 5．汤姆是个聪明而勤奋的学生，他总是第一个回答问题。(动词不定式作后置定语) Tom is an intelligent and diligent student， . 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ B3U4 Scientists who changed the world 单元重点词汇复习答案 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 1. deadly adj.致命的；十足的，彻底的 2. postpone vt.延迟，延期 3. conduct vt.& vi.组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止 4. data n．数据，资料，材料 5. error n．错误，差错 6. republic n．共和国，共和政体 7. province n．省，省份 8. illustrate vt.说明，解释；加插图于 9. experiment n．实验，试验；尝试，实践 vi.做试验，进行实验；尝试 10. trial n．试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验 vi.& vt.测试，试验 11. household adj.家庭的，家用的，家务的 n．一家人，家庭 12. bacteria(sing.bacterium) n．细菌 13. theory n．学说，论；原理；看法，意见 14. metal n．金属 15. bomb n．炸弹；核武器 vt.轰炸 16. credit n．赞扬，认可；信用 vt.存入金额；把……归于 17. standout adj.突出的 n．突出的人(或物) 18. charge vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n．收费；控告；谴责；掌管 19. authority n．权威，权力；官方 20. freedom n．自由 21. publish vt.出版，发行；发表；公布 22. negate vt.取消，使无效；否认，否定 23. container n．容器；集装箱，货柜→contain vt.包含，容纳，装盛；控制 24. sufficient adj.足够的，充足的→sufficiency n．足量，充足 25. wisdom n．才智；明智；智慧，知识，学问→wise adj.明智的→wisely adv.明智地 26. broad adj.广泛的；宽阔的；概括的；开阔的→broaden v．增长(经验、知识等)；变宽 27. survival n．生存，存活；残存物→survive vi.& vt.幸存；比……活得长→survivor n．幸存者 28. intend vi.& vt.想要，计划；意指→intention n．目的，意图 29. limited adj.有限的→limit n．& vt.限制→limitation n．局限，限制性条件 30. beneficial adj.有益的，有用的→benefit n．益处 v．对……有益 31. electricity n．电，电能→electric adj.电的；发电的，电动的；用电的 32. accident n．意外，偶然的事；事故，意外遭遇→accidental adj.偶然的，意外的→accidentally adv.偶然地，意外地 33. involve vt.牵涉，影响；包含；(使)参加→involved adj.参与的；卷入的→involvement n．参与；卷入；牵连 34. surround vt.围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n．环境；周围的事物 35. indicate vt.表明；暗示；提及；指出→indication n．表明；显示；指示 36. intelligent adj.有才智的，聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n．才智 37. favour vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n．帮助；赞同；偏袒→favourable adj.赞成的；有利的 38. politician n．政治家，从政者；投机钻营者→politics n．政治(学)→political adj.政治的 39. scientific adj.科学的，关于科学的；细致严谨的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家 40. declare vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报→declaration n．宣告，声明 41. responsibility n．责任；职责→responsible adj.负责的；有责任心的→responsibly adv.明事理地；认真负责地；可信赖地 42. moral adj.道德的；道义上的；品行端正的 n．品行，道德；寓意→immoral adj.不道德的→morality n．道德；道德准则；道义 43. apply vt.& vi.应用；申请；涂；有关→application n．申请(书)；应用→applicant n．申请人 44. ignorance n．无知→ignorant adj.不了解的，无知的；无礼的→ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会 45. permit vt.& vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n．许可证→permission n．允许，许可 46. nationality n．国籍；民族→national adj.国家的，民族的→nation n．国家；民族；国民 47. marriage n．结婚，婚姻；已婚状态→marry v．结婚 Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1. We are doing our best with the limited(limit) resources available. 2. It can be beneficial(benefit) to share your feeling with someone you trust. 3. It is true that reading books broadens(broad) our horizons and gives us wisdom. 4. In the past，malaria was a deadly disease that threatened the survival(survive) of millions of people. 5. With the intention(intend) of extracting the most effective material，they experimented on hundreds of herbs. 6. A politician(political) is one who is interested or involved in politics. 7. Committed to scientific(science) research，the standout biologist has no time to enjoy himself. 8. I found this picture accidentally(accident)，which reminded me of the former travel experience. 9. Farmers will have a good harvest，provided that the weather and the soil are favourable(favour)． 10. I’d appreciate it if you could give me some advice on how to adapt to new surroundings(surround)． 11. Working as a doctor involves a great sense of responsibility(responsible)． 12. I bought my friend Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage(marry)． 13. Lying and stealing are considered immoral(moral) conduct in every human society. 14. He declared the news without the permission(permit) of the authorities，which let others down. Ⅲ.默写核心短语 1. refer to查阅，参考；提到，谈及 2. speed up(使)加速 3. pay off成功，奏效，达到目的 4. through trial and error反复试验 5. intend to do/doing sth打算做某事，计划做某事 6. be limited to限定在……；受限于…… 7. make a difference有影响，起作用 8. thanks to因为，多亏了 9. by accident偶然，意外地 10. be surrounded by/with...被……包围/环绕 11. in favour of赞同，支持 12. in theory理论上 13. in the charge of由……负责/掌管 14. with a bang很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响 15. get/be involved in参与；卷入；与……有关联 16. give up放弃 17. draw on凭借，利用 18. fail to do未能做 19. let sb down使某人失望 20. as to关于，至于 21. take it for granted想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然 22. put forward提出，提议，建议 23. show off显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄 24. far from远非；远离 25. work out计算出；解决；理解 26. go through穿过；经历 Ⅳ.选词填空 从上面默写核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子 1. Obviously，walking an hour every day has made a difference to my health. 2. He intended to illustrate the phenomenon to his students through trial and error. 3. They worked hard to find a cure for the deadly disease and their efforts eventually paid off. 4. The scientist referred to a great many books and conducted a lot of experiments to prove his theory. 5. 1．The majority of the kids are in favour of her teaching method and are fond of her. 6. Achieving these goals is relatively easy in theory，yet quite difficult in practice. 7. Only if we draw on the experience of other people can we attain what we want in a shorter term. 8. The new teacher is surrounded by/with students every day，which indicates the students’ love for him. 9. She arrived just as we were leaving，but I was not sure whether this was by accident or by design. 10. To be honest，I’m at a loss as to how to conduct the experiment. 11. Most of the staff are in favour of the plan put forward at the meeting. 12. It was obvious that much of what they recorded was far from the truth. 13. We shouldn’t take it for granted that others have the responsibility to help us. 14. At school，you may have learned in books that soldiers went through many difficulties. V.经典句式 1．他养成了每天晚饭后去散步的习惯。(it作形式宾语) He makes it a rule/habit to go for a walk every day after dinner. 2．他们很可能会因为这个过错而被公司解雇。(be likely to) They are likely to be fired by the company because of the fault. 3．直到那时他才意识到团队合作的重要性。(含“not until”的强调句) It was not until then that he realized the importance of teamwork. 4．我希望以上这些建议会对你有所帮助。(be of＋抽象名词) I hope these suggestions above will be of some help to you. 5．汤姆是个聪明而勤奋的学生，他总是第一个回答问题。(动词不定式作后置定语) Tom is an intelligent and diligent student，who is always the first to answer questions. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $