Unit 2 Section A知识点课件 2025-2026学年人教版七年级英语下册

Unit 2 No Rules, No Order (Section A 1a-Pronunciation 1) 第1课时 R·七年级下册 (名词)规则；规章 family rules 家规 the rule of... ...的规则 traffic rules 交通规则 follow the rule 遵守规则 make a rule 制定规则 break the rule 违反规则 搭 配 ❶ in order. 按顺序 ❷ May I take your order now? 您现在点菜吗？ ❸ Please order them to save water. 请命令他们节约用水。 You can order a computer online. 你可以在线订购一台电脑。 例 句 ❶（名词）秩序；命令 ❷（名词）点菜 ❸（动词）点菜； 命令；订购 follow rules 遵守规则 搭 配 ❶ All of us should follow the class rules. 我们所有人都应该遵守班规。 ❷ Please follow me. I’ll show you the way. 请跟我走。我来给你指路。 例 句 ❶（动词）遵循 ❷（动词）跟随 be late for 迟到 John is often late for work. 约翰经常上班迟到。 例 句 迟到 (动词)到达 辨 析 arrive arrive in+大地点（如国家、城市等） arrive at+小地点（如村庄、车站等） 后接 here、there 等地点副词时不需要加介词 get to 后接地点名词 后接 here, there等地点副词时省略 to arrive 与 get to 辨 析 准时 on time 准时；按时 指按规定的时间或指定的时间做某事 in time 及时 指不迟到或正好赶在事先约定的时间之前或接近所规定的时间做某事 on time 与 in time The train arrives on time. 火车准点到达。 Thank you for helping me in time. 谢谢你及时帮助我。 throw litter 扔垃圾 clean up the litter 清理垃圾 ❶ Don’t litter in parks. 不要在公园里乱扔（东西）。 ❷ There is litter here and there. 到处都是垃圾。 例 句 ❶（动词）乱扔 ❷（不可数名词） 垃圾 (形容词)有礼貌的 例 句 be polite to sb 对某人有礼貌 Mary is a polite girl. 玛丽是一个有礼貌的女孩。 It’s polite to greet teachers when we meet them. 当我们遇到老师时，向他们打招呼是礼貌的。 (形容词)有礼貌的 polite 的相关词： 拓 展 polite adj. 有礼貌的 impolite adj. 不礼貌的 +im- （变反义词） politely adv. 礼貌地 +-ly（变副词） impolitely adv. 不礼貌地 +-ly（变副词） +im- （变反义词） ❶ treat sb/sth (with sth) 以······方式对待 treat… as… 把······看作······ ❷ treat sb to sth 请某人吃某物；用某物款待某人 搭 配 ❶（动词）对待；看待 ❷（动词）招待 ❸（动词）治疗 ❹（名词）款待 show respect for...对..表示尊敬 respect sb 尊敬某人 respect sb for sth 因...而尊敬某人 用法 ❶（名词）尊敬 ❷（动词）尊敬 (连词)如果 常用来引导条件状语从句。 用 法 例 句 I’ll go shopping with you if I have time. 如果我有时间，我将和你去购物。 (代词)每件事；一切 例 句 Everything begins to grow in spring. 春天万物开始生长。 拓 展 含-thing 的其他复合不定代词如下： something 某事；某物 anything 任何东西；任何事物 nothing 没有什么；没有一件东西 用 法 everything 是复合不定代词。作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 (动词)借给；借出 辨 析 lend 借给；借出把自己的东西借出去 lend sth. to sb.= lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 borrow 借进；借入从别人那里把东西借进来 borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 keep 保存可与一段时间连用 (动词)借给；借出 串 记 Today I want to borrow two storybooks from the library. I prepare to lend one to my brother and tell him that he can keep it for a week. 今天我想从图书馆借两本故事书。我准备借一本给我的弟弟，并且告诉他他可以保存一周。 用 法 当然 相当于 sure 或 certainly，通常在对话中用作肯定回答。 Of course not 当然不 例 句 —Can you teach them English? 你能教他们英语吗？ —Yes, of course. I’m good at English. 当然可以。我擅长英语。 用 法 关掉（水、电或煤气） turn off 是“动词+副词”型短语，人称代词作宾语时，必须放在 turn 与 off 之间。反义短语为 turn on，打开（水、电或煤气） 。 拓 展 与 turn 相关的其他常见短语如下： turn down 调低 turn up 调高 turn into 变成 turn around转身 (动词)喂养；饲养 搭 配 feed sth to sb/sth=feed sb/sth with/on sth 用某物喂养某人/饲养某物 feed on 以...为生 例 句 Mary feeds the cat with/on fish every day. 玛丽每天用鱼喂这只猫。 =feeds fish to the cat ❶（动词）离开 ❷（动词）留下 搭 配 ❶ leave+地点 离开某地 leave for+地点 动身去某地 leave+地点+for+地点 离开某地去某地 ❷ leave sb/sth+地点状语 把······留/忘在某处 (形容词)缺席的；不在的 搭 配 be absent from 缺席；不在 例 句 Linda is never absent from classes. 琳达从不缺课。 (副词)轻声地；安静地 反义词 loudly 高声地；吵闹地 例 句 You should come into her room quietly. 你应该轻轻地进入她的房间。 ❶ 穿上；戴上 ❶ Please put on your jacket when you go out. 出去时请穿上你的夹克衫。 ❷ She doesn’t want to put on weight so she never eats too much. 她不想长胖，所以她从不吃太多。 ❸ Our club will put on a famous play next week. 下周我们社团将上演一部著名的话剧。 例 句 ❷ 增加（体重） ❸ 上演 ❶增加（体重）；发胖 拓 展 ❷穿上；戴上 ❸上演 与 put 相关的其他常见短语如下： put down 放下；记下 put out 扑灭；熄灭 put off 推迟 put away 把······收起来 put up 张贴；举起 put sth to good use 好好利用某物 (名词)声音；噪声 用 法 既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。 搭 配 make a noise/ make noise / make noises 吵闹；制造噪音 例 句 Don’t make noise in the library. 不要在图书馆里吵闹。 拓 展 noisy（形容词）喧闹的 Read the sentences. Do the verbs in bold need to change forms? Why? Walk in the hallway. Don’t run! Be polite and treat one another with respect. Don’t litter./ You mustn’t litter. / You can’t litter. Can we bring our phones to class? No, we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers. Can we eat snacks in class? No, we can’t eat in class. We have to eat in the dining hall. 3a Imperatives(祈使句) 情态动词 can/must/have to 1.祈使句的概念 (1)祈使句一般用来表示请求、命令、劝告、警告、禁止等。祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you，但往往省略。祈使句的肯定式以动词原形开头，否定式在动词原形前加don’t。句末用句号或感叹号，读时用降调。为表示礼貌，祈使句经常在句首或句末加上please。 当please在句末时，其前通常加逗号。 祈使句 Grammar Focus Walk in the hallways. Don’t run! Be polite and treat one another with respect. Don’t litter. 祈使句的肯定句和否定句是怎样构成的？ Read and think Do 型 肯定句： 动词原形(+其他). 去刷牙！ 否定句： Don’t+动词原形(+其他). 不要乱扔 （垃圾）。 Go and brush your teeth! Don’t litter. 2.祈使句的句式 Be 型 肯定句： Be+表语(+其他). 请安静。 否定句： Don’t+be+表语(+其他). 不要吵闹。 Be quiet, please. Don’t be noisy. Let 型 肯定句： Let+宾语+动词原形 (+其他). 让我帮你吧。 否定句： ①Don’t let+宾语+动词原形(+其他). ②Let+宾语+not+动词原形(+其他). 别让他走。 Let me help you. Don’t let him go./ Let him not go. 其他 No+动词-ing形式/名词. 禁止游泳。 禁止拍照。 表示强调时，可在动词原形前加do，意为 “一定，务必”。 一定要来看我。 No swimming. No photos. Do come to see me. 注意 为表示礼貌，可在祈使句的句首或句末加上please。当 please在句末时，要用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。 请遵守校规。 注意 Please follow the school rules. ＝Follow the school rules, please. You mustn’t litter. /You can’t litter. Can we bring our phones to class? No, we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers. Can we eat snacks in class? No, we can’t eat in class. We have to eat in the dining hall. Can Can mustn’t can’t must have to can’t Read and think 观察它们在用法上有什么共同点？ can/must/have to后面接动词的什么形式？ have to在句法上和其他情态动词的区别在哪里？ can/must/have to +动词原形 have to 与其他情态动词不同，有人称、数和时态的变化 情态动词can 用法 例句 意为“可以；能”， 表示请求或许可 意为“能；会”，表示 能力 意为“可能”，表示推测， 常用于否定句或疑问句中 你能帮我吗？ 她会拉小提琴。 他不可能在家。 Can you help me? She can play the violin. He can’t be at home. 表示主观的义务或必要，无人称、数和时态 的变化，意为“必须”。Must 提问，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don‘t have to mustn’t是禁止的意思 我必须做作业。I must do my homework. Must I clean the house？ Yes，you must/No，you needn’t/don’t have to. 情态动词must 表示肯定推测，常用于肯定句中，意为“一定、必然”。 这个故事一定很有趣。 The story must be funny. 情态动词have to (1) have to 意为“必须；不得不”，后接动词原形，表示客观需要做的事情。 现在我不得不离开。 I have to leave now. have to 有人称、数和时态的变化，其 第三人称单数形式为 has to。 辛迪每天必须铺床。 Cindy has to make the bed every day. 含有 have to 或 has to 的句子需分别借助助动词 do 或 does 构成疑问句或否定句。 她必须早起吗？ 你不必8点钟到那儿。 Does she have to get up early? You don’t have to arrive there at eight. In this Unit, you will talk about rules by using imperatives and modal verbs can, have to, and must. explain why we need to follow rules. understand how rules are helpful. Objectives of Unit 2 01 What school rules does the photo show? Look and share 没有规矩，不成方圆 rule n. 规则；规章 order n. 秩序；命令 v. 点菜；命令 No rules, no order 询问对方对某人/某事的看法： What do you think of/about…? =How do you like…? Do you follow rules like these? 02 What do you think about them? 03 Rule Your school Mary, Sally, and Tony’s school Don’t be late for school. Arrive on time. Don’t run in the hallways. Don’t eat in the classroom. Does your school have these rules? Tick the ones that your school has. 1a Wear the school uniform. Don’t use your phone in class. Don’t litter. Keep your school clean and tidy. Be polite and treat everyone with respect. Put up your hand if you want to ask your teacher a question. 1. keep ①v.保持 keep +sb/sth +adj 保持某人... keep ab/sth doing sth 保持某人做某事 ②保留 +时间段 keep the book for two weeks ③遵守=follow ④系动词 保持+adj 2. put up 张贴 搭建 举起 建造 名两边 代中间 put away 整理好收拾好 put off 推迟 put on 穿上上演发胖 put down 放下 Listen to the first part of the recording. Tick the rules that are mentioned. 1b Listen again. Complete the sentences. 1c 1. Mary can’t _________in the __________ . 2. Sally mustn’t wear her own jacket at ________. She has to wear ____________. 3. Tony can’t _________. He must keep the school _____________________. run hallway school the uniform litter clean and tidy n. 夹克衫；短上衣 Listen and check the answers. Mary, slow down! Don’t run in the hallway, please. I’m sorry! I don’t want to be late. Sally, you know the rules. You can only wear the uniform in school. You can’t wear that jacket here. Sorry, Ms Brown. Part 1 Ms Brown: Mary: Ms Brown: Sally: Why is there a bottle here? Oh! Sorry, Ms Brown. Sorry. Tony, you know you mustn’t litter. We have to keep the school clean and tidy. Yes, Ms Brown. Ms Brown: Tony: Ms Brown: Tony: 不得不 3.own adj.自己的 my own house v.拥有 of one’s own属于某人自己的 on one’s own某人独自 Listen to the second part of the recording. Who is the speaker? What rules does she talk about? Tick them in 1a. 1d Tip: Focus on the key words related to rules while listening. Listen and answer 1. Who is the speaker? 2. What rules does she talk about? Ms Brown is the speaker. ① Walk in the hallway. Don’t run. ② Wear the uniform. ③ Don’t litter. ④ Be polite and treat everyone with respect. Part 2 Listen and check the answers. Ms Brown: 禁止 Good morning, students. This morning, I had to tell some students to follow the school rules. Please remember them, everyone! Walk in the hallway. Don’t run! You have to wear the uniform. You mustn’t wear other clothes to school instead. Ms Brown: Don’t litter. Make sure to keep the school tidy. And most importantly, we must be polite and treat everyone with respect. If we follow these rules, we can have a happy and safe school! Thank you. make sure to do sth. 确保做某事 most importantly 最重要的是 In pairs, talk about the rules in 1c. 1e Can Mary run in the hallway? No, she can’t. she has to walk in the hallway. Can Sally wear her own jackets at school? No, she can’t. she has to wear the school uniform. Can Tony litter? No, he can’t. he must keep the school clean and tidy. Let’s talk about more school rules around us. —Can we…? —Yes, we can./ —No, we can’t. We have to… School rules Don’t型 Do/Be型 Don’t be late for school. Don’t run in the hallways. Don’t eat in the classroom. Don’t use your phone in class. Don’t litter. Arrive on time. Wear the school uniform. Be polite and treat everyone with respect. Put up your hand… Listen to the conversation and circle the coloured words you hear. 2a Hi, I’m Anne. What’s your name? Hello! I’m Tom. It’s my first day here. It’s nice to meet you, Tom! Is everything OK? Well, I can’t find my pencil box/ pen. I think it’s in my locker/at home. Anne: Tom: Anne: Tom: pron. 每件事；一切 Read, check and predict(猜测) the new words or phrases in green. 在储物柜里 铅笔盒 Here, I can lend you my pen. Thanks! Would you like a sweet? No, thank you. We can’t eat snacks in class. Can we eat fruit/drink water? Yes, of course. OK, thanks ... Oh! I’m sorry, I have to answer my phone. Anne: Tom: Anne: Tom: Anne: Tom: v. 借给；借出 n. 糖果 adj.甜的 n. 点心；小吃 当然 Oh, but we can’t/mustn’t bring our mobile phones to class. We have to turn them off and put/ keep them in our lockers. That’s another rule. OK! Thanks for telling me, Anne. You’re welcome, Tom. Anne: Tom: Anne: mobile adj. 可移动的 mobile phone手机 turn off 关掉 （水、电或煤气） 存放 禁止 不可能 放置 4.answer v.应答 答复 answer the phone 接电话 answer the door 应门 answer the question 回答问题 Cn.答案回答 the answer to... ...的答案 5.bring 带来 bring...to... 把...带到...来 bring sb sth=bring sth for sb 带给某人某物 6.thanks for ...因..而感谢 thanks for doing sth 因做某事而感谢你 7.wait v.等待 wait for sb 等待某人 wait to do 等待做某事 wait for sb to do sth 等待某人做某事 Read the conversation and complete Tom’s notes about the school rules. School rules We cannot ___________________________ We must not __________________________ We have to ___________________________ eat snacks in class. bring our mobile phones to class. turn off our mobile phones and keep them in our lockers. 2b 不得不 不能 禁止 Read the conversation again and answer the questions. 2c Why is the day special for Tom? What does Anne lend to Tom? Why doesn’t Anne take a sweet from Tom? Can Tom and Anne use their phones in class? Where must they keep their phones? Do you think they have good school rules? Give your reasons. Why is the day special for Tom? What does Anne lend to Tom? Why doesn’t Anne take a sweet from Tom? Can Tom and Anne use their phones in class? Because it’s his first day in the school. Anne lends her pen to Tom. Because they can’t eat snacks in class. No, they can’t. Where must they keep their phones? Do you think they have good school rules? Give your reasons. They must turn them off and keep them in the lockers. Yes, I think they have good school rules. Because these rules help them listen to the teachers carefully. Complete a summary of the conversation. 2d It’s Tom’s _____ day at this school. He doesn’t know the school _____ well. Anne tells him about them. They _____ eat snacks in class, but they _____ drink water. They can’t bring their mobile ______ to class. They must _____ them off and keep them in their _______. first rules can can’t phones turn lockers Talk about the rules you have at school. Use the expressions to help you. 2f What rules do we have at school? We must/ mustn’t… We should… We can/ can’t… Don’t… We have to… Always… For example What rules do we have at school? We have to eat in the dining hall. Always we have to wear school uniforms. Don’t jump the queue. You ____________ wait your turn. Complete the sentences using can, have to/must, or can’t/mustn’t. 3b must/have to wait your turn 等待轮到你 queue n. 队 jump the queue 插队 I ____ feed my dog many kinds of food, but I ____________ give him chocolate. It is bad for him! can can’t/mustn’t A: Can I leave the classroom if I don’t feel well? B: Yes, but you _____ tell your teacher about it when you ________ be absent from class. must v. 离开；留下 absent adj. 缺席的；不在的absent from 缺席；不在 have to A: Hey! Can I look at your book? B: Shh, we ___________ talk quietly in the library. must/have to A: Can you put on your seat belt? We _____________ wear one when we’re in a car. B: Sure. Thanks! must/have to n. 安全带；腰带；皮带 穿上 ；戴上 Look at the first sign and read the rules. Then write the rules for the other signs. 3c Do not eat or drink. No eating or drinking. You can’t/mustn’t eat or drink. Read and write Do not park the car. No parking. You can’t/mustn’t park. Do not take photos. No photos. You can’t/mustn’t take photos. Do not feed animals. No feeding. You can’t/mustn’t feed animals. v. 喂养；饲养 Do not swim. No swimming. You can’t/mustn’t swim. In groups, brainstorm three rules for one of the places below. Then draw signs to show the rules. Share your signs in class and explain what they mean. 3d 头脑风暴 library school dining hall park cinema hospital In the library, we must keep quiet. We mustn’t make noise. We can’t ... n. 声音；噪音 制造噪音 In the library We must keep quiet. We mustn’t make noise. We can’t eat or drink here. We can’t take books out of the library without permission. In the school dinning hall We can’t jump the queue. We can’t waste food. We have to clean the table before we leave. In the park We can’t throw rubbish here and there. We can’t walk on the grass and pick flowers. We can’t play with fire. In the cinema We must sit on the assigned seat shown on the ticket. We mustn’t smoke here. We must keep quiet while watching. In the hospital We mustn’t smoke. We have to be quiet. Don’t run in the hallways. $