Unit 4 Period 3 Integrated skills（分层作业）英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 4 Period 3 Integrated skills分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、英汉互译 1． n. 罪恶，罪行；害处，坏处；adj. 恶毒的；有害的；恶魔的 2．involve 3．let sb down 4．ignorance 5．as to 6．intellectual 7．mystery 8． n. 责任，负责；职责，义务 9． vt. 表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报 10． n. 国籍；民族 二、选词填空 根据句意，选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。 by accident; in favour of; show off; stand out; hand in 1．Mike was trying to his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. 2．As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters above the rest. 3．Apart from your wonderful innovation, you need to a report, which explains how the idea occurs to you. 4．We are all spending whatever is necessary to reduce air pollution. 5．I found my lost necklace when I was cleaning the room. 三、单句语法填空 所给词的适当形式填空。 1．There’s no doubt that the consumers are still very (sense) to the price. 2．If you go to the West Lake in Hangzhou, you will find it more attractive than commonly (suppose). 3．A great number of students (question) said they were forced to practice the piano. 4．The boy slid out of his room, (follow) by his pet dog. 5．On Teachers’ Day, each teacher received a nice present, with a poem (attach) to it. 6． (inspire) by those players, Jake hoped to join his school’s football team. 7．The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already (lay) for a meal to be cooked. 8．Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time (spend) with his students. 9．Most colleges now offer first­year students a course specially (design) to help them succeed academically and personally. 10．An urban area is the region (surround) and including a city. 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 A New Year's resolution is a personal promise people make at the start of a new year, aiming 1 (improve) themselves, adopt good habits, or achieve specific goals. It's a way to hit “reset” and pursue positive changes — common examples include exercising more,reading regularly, saving money, learning a new skill, or 2 (spend) less time on screens. While making resolutions is easy, sticking to them 3 (take) effort. Many people start with enthusiasm but struggle as the year goes on, often because their goals are too vague or they lack a plan. 4 is recommended is to set small, realistic targets:instead of “get fit,” try”walk 30 minutes three times a week.” Even small steps keep 5 process going. Ultimately, a New Year's resolution isn't about perfection — it's about growth. Whether you keep 6 all year or adjust it along the way, it's a reminder of the hope and motivation to become a 7 (good) version of yourself when a new year begins. Interestingly, the tradition of making New Year's resolutions dates back to ancient times. The ancient Babylonians, for example, made promises to their gods at the start of each year, hoping for good 8 (fortunate). Today, the tradition continues worldwide, though the focus has shifted to personal growth 9 than religious promises. No matter what resolution you choose, the most important thing is to be kind to yourself if you slip up. 10 (base), what matters is getting back on track and continuing to move forward. 五、阅读理解 Doctors at Great Ormond Street are being encouraged to consider air pollution levels at their patients’ home addresses when assessing the causes of their illnesses, under an innovative pilot scheme. Data showing the average annual air pollution rates at patients’ postcodes has been added to patients’ electronic files so physicians can help families understand whether their child has been exposed to mounting risk. The initiative is a response to criticisms about the case of Ella Adoo-Kissi-Debrah, who was nine when she died from asthma (哮喘) 10 years ago, and who in 2020 became the first person in the UK to have air pollution listed on her death certificate as a cause of death. Ella’s mother, Rosamund, has noted that she was not given information about the health risks of air pollution and its potential to cause asthma, and the family “would have moved straight away” if she had been told that her daughter was being killed by the air she was breathing. Mark Hayden, who works in the Great Ormond Street hospital, put forward this scheme. Hayden said there had previously been a “significant knowledge gap” at the hospital regarding air pollution and its effects. The negative effects of air pollution on health were not sufficiently communicated to patients and carers by medical and nursing professionals, and called on medical staff to do more to inform families about the dangers of air pollution. Data added to patients’ electronic records provides information on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide, indicates whether they exceed World Health Organization (WHO) safe levels. The information will encourage physicians to think about whether air pollution is a factor in a patient’s illness, and do more to educate patients about the risks of air pollution. Hayden agreed that staff had been apprehensive about talking about the health risks. “Obviously, air quality is a bit harder to fix than an infection. You can’t just give some pills, ” he said. 1．What is the initiative aimed at? A．Removing air pollution. B．Perfecting patients’ files. C．Tracing patients’ illnesses. D．Recording air quality data. 2．What can we know about Ella Adoo-Kissi-Debrah? A．Her case raised concerns among the public. B．Her death certificate was updated 10 years ago. C．She was the first person in the UK that died from asthma. D．Her mother doubted the information on the death certificate. 3．How does the scheme help fill the “significant knowledge gap” in paragraph 3? A．By warning people of the potential risks. B．By analyzing data based on WHO safety levels. C．By providing suggestions on decreasing air pollution. D．By encouraging communication between patients and doctors. 4．What does the underlined word “apprehensive” in last paragraph probably mean? A．Curious. B．Uneasy. C．Relieved. D．Enthusiastic. 六、应用文写作 假定你是李华，请给你的英国朋友Chris写一封电子邮件，分享你的冬季运动计划，要点如下： (1) 运动目的； (2) 具体计划。 注意：(1) 词数：80字左右； (2) 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 七、读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 They called him “Donnie the Dung Beetle”. Donald didn’t mind the comparison, as he knew that African dung beetles(粪金龟)were known for moving things a thousand times their own body weight. However, his classmates in Mrs. Beecher’s third-grade class probably didn’t know this fact. Nobody knew insects like Donald did, and he figured that being compared to a dung beetle was not a praise. One day, Richie made fun of Donald, pointing towards a container under the window where a small brown ball hung from a branch. Donald tried to explain that it was an egg case of a praying mantis(螳螂), and the exciting part would be when the eggs hatched. But Richie didn’t understand, and neither did most of the other kids. Donald had brought the egg case from his backyard and was excited when Mrs. Beecher agreed to make it their class project. He thought having an insect as a class pet might finally give him something to talk about with the other kids. But after two months of staring at a lifeless brown ball, Donald began to lose hope. During science class one day, Mrs. Beecher announced they would start by writing in their journals. As Donald opened his journal, a left over particle from his lunch rolled across the page. When he went to brush it off, he realized it wasn’t a particle at all —it was a tiny praying mantis, barely the size of a grain of rice! Donald bounced out of his seat, crying out that the eggs were hatching. Suddenly, chaos erupted in the classroom as more baby mantises started appearing everywhere. Kids were jumping out of their seats, screaming and waving their arms. Mrs. Beecher quickly took charge, asking why the lid of the container was off. Richie, who was supposed to check on the container that day, had forgotten to put the lid back on. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Donald took charge of the situation, directing Richie to get paintbrushes and white paper. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________After the successful rescue, Mrs. Beecher asked the class to write about this special experience. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Period 3 Integrated skills分层练习 参考答案 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、英汉互译 1．evil 2．包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加 3．使某人失望 4．无知 5．关于，至于 6．脑力的；有才智的，智力发达的；n. 知识分子，脑力劳动者 7．神秘；神秘的人(或事物)；悬疑作品 8．responsibility 9．declare 10．nationality 二、选词填空 1．show off 2．stand out 3．hand in 4．in favour of 5．by accident 三、单句语法填空 1．sensitive 2．supposed 3．questioned 4．followed 5．attached 6．Inspired 7．laid 8．spent 9．designed 10．surrounding 四、语法填空 1．to improve 2．spending 3．takes 4．What 5．the 6．it 7．better 8．fortune 9．rather 10．Basically 五、阅读理解 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了Great Ormond Street医院的一项创新试点计划，该计划鼓励医生在评估患者病因时考虑患者家庭住址的空气污染水平。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Doctors at Great Ormond Street are being encouraged to consider air pollution levels at their patients’ home addresses when assessing the causes of their illnesses, under an innovative pilot scheme.(根据一项创新试点计划，大奥蒙德街的医生在评估患者病因时，正被鼓励考虑患者家庭住址的空气污染水平。)”可知，该试点计划旨在让医生在评估患者病因时考虑其居住地的空气污染水平，即通过空气污染数据追溯患者的病因。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The initiative is a response to criticisms about the case of Ella Adoo-Kissi-Debrah, who was nine when she died from asthma(哮喘)10 years ago, and who in 2020 became the first person in the UK to have air pollution listed on her death certificate as a cause of death. Ella’s mother, Rosamund, has noted that she was not given information about the health risks of air pollution and its potential to cause asthma, and the family “would have moved straight away” if she had been told that her daughter was being killed by the air she was breathing.(这一举措源于对Ella Adoo-Kissi-Debrah案例的反思。十年前，九岁的Ella因哮喘去世，2020年她成为英国首位死亡证明上将空气污染列为死因的人。Ella的母亲Rosamund指出，当时她未被告知空气污染的健康风险及其引发哮喘的可能性，并表示如果知道女儿正被呼吸的空气 “杀死”，家人“会立刻搬家”。)”可知，Ella的案例是促使该试点计划推出的关键事件，文中提到她的死亡证明在2020年成为英国首份将空气污染列为死因的文件，其母亲也指出若早知空气污染的危害会立即搬家，由此可知，她的案例引发了对空气污染与健康问题的关注。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Hayden said there had previously been a “significant knowledge gap” at the hospital regarding air pollution and its effects. The negative effects of air pollution on health were not sufficiently communicated to patients and carers by medical and nursing professionals, and called on medical staff to do more to inform families about the dangers of air pollution. Data added to patients’ electronic records provides information on fine particulate matter(PM2. 5) and nitrogen dioxide, indicates whether they exceed World Health Organization(WHO)safe levels. The information will encourage physicians to think about whether air pollution is a factor in a patient’s illness, and do more to educate patients about the risks of air pollution. (在大奥蒙德街医院工作的Mark Hayden提出了该计划。他表示，医院此前在空气污染及其影响方面存在“显著的知识缺口”，医护人员未能充分向患者及其照料者传达空气污染对健康的负面影响，并呼吁医务人员更多地告知家庭空气污染的危害。电子病历中添加的数据包含细颗粒物和二氧化氮信息，标明其是否超过世界卫生组织安全水平。这些信息将促使医生思考空气污染是否为患者病因，并加强对患者的空气污染风险教育。)”可知，该计划通过在患者电子档案中添加空气污染数据，促使医生思考空气污染是否为病因，并加强对患者的风险教育，这直接针对此前“医护人员未充分传达空气污染健康风险”的知识缺口，通过提供数据支持来“警告人们潜在风险”。故选A。 4．词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在语境“Hayden agreed that staff had been apprehensive about talking about the health risks. “Obviously, air quality is a bit harder to fix than an infection. You can’t just give some pills,” he said.( Hayden承认，医护人员此前对谈论健康风险……。“显然，空气质量问题比感染更难解决，你不能只是开些药片。”他说。)”可推测，因为该问题难以像治疗感染一样通过药物解决，医护人员对谈论空气污染健康风险存在顾虑或者感到不安。选项B“uneasy”，意为“不安的”，与此相符。故选B。 六、应用文写作 Dear Chris, With winter approaching, I’ve decided to take up some sports to stay active and improve my fitness. My plan includes three main activities. First, I’ll go skiing every weekend at a nearby resort, where I can enjoy the snowy scenery while exercising. Second, I’ll join a local ice-skating club because I believe practicing with others will motivate me. Finally, I intend to jog in the park every morning unless the weather is extremely cold, as running helps me stay energetic. I’d love to hear about your winter plans too! Looking forward to your reply. Best regards, Li Hua 七、读后续写 Donald took charge of the situation, directing Richie to get paintbrushes and white paper. Donald took the brush and carefully drove the baby mantises onto the white paper. They were so small that he could injure their legs or body parts. The baby mantises were so small that some of the students brought a magnifying glass to help. With the concerted efforts of everyone, the baby mantises finally returned safely to the box. After the successful rescue, Mrs. Beecher asked the class to write about this special experience. Richie no longer laughed at Donald, and no longer called him “Donnie the Dung Beetle”, and deeply admired Donald’s calmly handling the unexpected things. Donald’s profound knowledge left a deep impression on everyone. From this incident, everyone realized the importance of patience, calmness, carefulness and being knowledgeable. 1 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Period 3 Integrated skills分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、英汉互译 1． n. 罪恶，罪行；害处，坏处；adj. 恶毒的；有害的；恶魔的 2．involve 3．let sb down 4．ignorance 5．as to 6．intellectual 7．mystery 8． n. 责任，负责；职责，义务 9． vt. 表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报 10． n. 国籍；民族 【答案】 1．evil 2．包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加 3．使某人失望 4．无知 5．关于，至于 6．脑力的；有才智的，智力发达的；n. 知识分子，脑力劳动者 7．神秘；神秘的人(或事物)；悬疑作品 8．responsibility 9．declare 10．nationality 【解析】 1．名词“罪恶，罪行；害处，坏处”和形容词“恶毒的；有害的；恶魔的”在英文中翻译为evil，故填evil。 2．involve在汉语中翻译为“包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加”，故填“包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加”。 3．down情绪低落，悲观失望的，let sb down在汉语中翻译为“使某人失望”，故填“使某人失望”。 4．ignorance在汉语中翻译为“无知”，故填“无知”。 5．as to在汉语中翻译为“关于，至于”，故填“关于，至于”。 6．intellectual在汉语中翻译为“脑力的；有才智的，智力发达的”和名词“知识分子，脑力劳动者”，故填“脑力的；有才智的，智力发达的；n. 知识分子，脑力劳动者”。 7．mystery在汉语中翻译为“神秘；神秘的人(或事物)；悬疑作品”，故填“神秘；神秘的人(或事物)；悬疑作品”。 8．名词“责任，负责；职责，义务”在英文中翻译为responsibility，故填responsibility。 9．动词“表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报”在英文中翻译为declare，故填declare。 10．名词“国籍；民族”在英文中翻译为nationality，故填nationality。 二、选词填空 根据句意，选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。 by accident; in favour of; show off; stand out; hand in 1．Mike was trying to his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. 2．As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters above the rest. 3．Apart from your wonderful innovation, you need to a report, which explains how the idea occurs to you. 4．We are all spending whatever is necessary to reduce air pollution. 5．I found my lost necklace when I was cleaning the room. 【答案】1．show off 2．stand out 3．hand in 4．in favour of 5．by accident 【解析】 1．考查动词短语。句意：迈克正试图用彩色铅笔装饰厨房的墙壁以炫耀他的才华。try to do sth“试图做某事”，后接动词原形，根据“his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils.”可知，show off“炫耀”符合句意。故填show off。 2．考查动词短语。句意：正如人们所料，他的文章大部分都很清楚，公正地说，有些章节比其他章节更突出。分析句子可知，所在空缺少谓语，根据“his writing is mostly clear ”可知，and之后的句子为一般现在时，主语为some chapters，stand out“突出”为谓语且符合句意。填stand out。 3．考查动词短语。句意：除了你出色的创新之外，你还需要交一份报告，说明这个想法是如何产生的。need to do sth“需要做某事”，后接动词原形，根据“which explains how the idea occurs to you.”可知，hand in“上交”符合句意。故填hand in。 4．考查介词短语。句意：我们都赞成花一切必要的钱来减少空气污染。分析句子以及所给出的短语可知，空处填介词短语作表语，in favour of“支持”符合句意。故填in favour of。 5．考查介词短语。句意：我在打扫房间时偶然发现了丢失的项链。析句子以及所给出的短语可知，空处填介词短语作状语，by accident“偶然”符合句意。 故填by accident。 三、单句语法填空 所给词的适当形式填空。 1．There’s no doubt that the consumers are still very (sense) to the price. 【答案】sensitive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：毫无疑问，消费者对价格仍然非常敏感。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用形容词sensitive“敏感的”，作表语。be sensitive to意为“对……敏感”。故填sensitive。 2．If you go to the West Lake in Hangzhou, you will find it more attractive than commonly (suppose). 【答案】supposed 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果你去杭州的西湖，你会发现它比一般人想象的更有吸引力。根据句意以及句子结构可知，这里than后面是比较状语从句，从句省略了和主句相同的主语the West Lake和be动词is，保留过去分词。故填supposed。 3．A great number of students (question) said they were forced to practice the piano. 【答案】questioned 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多受访学生表示，他们被迫练习钢琴。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语students之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填questioned。 4．The boy slid out of his room, (follow) by his pet dog. 【答案】followed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：男孩溜出了房间，后面跟着他的宠物狗。分析句子可知，follow意为“跟随”，动词词性，句中有谓语动词slid out且句中无连词，故应用follow的非谓语动词形式。句子主语The boy与follow之间为逻辑上的被动关系，即男孩被宠物狗跟着，故用follow的过去分词followed，过去分词短语followed by his pet dog在句中作状语。故填followed。 5．On Teachers’ Day, each teacher received a nice present, with a poem (attach) to it. 【答案】attached 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：教师节那天，每位老师都收到了一份精美的礼物，上面附有一首诗。分析句子并根据空前的with可知，句子考查with复合结构，由于attach与所修饰词a poem之间是被动关系，应使用过去分词。故填attached。 6． (inspire) by those players, Jake hoped to join his school’s football team. 【答案】Inspired 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受到这些球员的鼓舞，杰克希望加入学校的足球队。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词hoped，所以inspire用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语Jake之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Inspired。 7．The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already (lay) for a meal to be cooked. 【答案】laid 【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：客厅干净整洁，餐桌已经摆好准备做饭了。分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构，其中的动词应为非谓语形式，lay和a dining table为被动关系，所以为过去分词作宾补。故填laid。 8．Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time (spend) with his students. 【答案】spent 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：吉姆已经退休了，但他仍然记得和学生们一起度过的快乐时光。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词remembers，所以spend用非谓语形式，pend和happy time是被动关系，这里用过去分词做后置定语，修饰happy time。故填spent。 9．Most colleges now offer first­year students a course specially (design) to help them succeed academically and personally. 【答案】designed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数高校现在为一年级学生提供专门设计的课程，以帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功。分析句子结构可知，此处要填非谓语动词，在句中作定语，修饰前面的名词course；所填词与该名词之间是被动的关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填designed。 10．An urban area is the region (surround) and including a city. 【答案】surrounding 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：市区是指城市周围并包括城市在内的区域。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语， 且the region与surround为主动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用现在分词作定语。故填surrounding。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 A New Year's resolution is a personal promise people make at the start of a new year, aiming 1 (improve) themselves, adopt good habits, or achieve specific goals. It's a way to hit “reset” and pursue positive changes — common examples include exercising more,reading regularly, saving money, learning a new skill, or 2 (spend) less time on screens. While making resolutions is easy, sticking to them 3 (take) effort. Many people start with enthusiasm but struggle as the year goes on, often because their goals are too vague or they lack a plan. 4 is recommended is to set small, realistic targets:instead of “get fit,” try”walk 30 minutes three times a week.” Even small steps keep 5 process going. Ultimately, a New Year's resolution isn't about perfection — it's about growth. Whether you keep 6 all year or adjust it along the way, it's a reminder of the hope and motivation to become a 7 (good) version of yourself when a new year begins. Interestingly, the tradition of making New Year's resolutions dates back to ancient times. The ancient Babylonians, for example, made promises to their gods at the start of each year, hoping for good 8 (fortunate). Today, the tradition continues worldwide, though the focus has shifted to personal growth 9 than religious promises. No matter what resolution you choose, the most important thing is to be kind to yourself if you slip up. 10 (base), what matters is getting back on track and continuing to move forward. 【答案】 1．to improve 2．spending 3．takes 4．What 5．the 6．it 7．better 8．fortune 9．rather 10．Basically 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了新年决心是人们在年初许下的自我提升承诺，坚持它需要付出努力，宜设小目标；该传统古已有之，如今重在个人成长，核心是持续向前。 1．考查动词不定式。句意：新年决心是人们在新年伊始做出的个人承诺，旨在提高自己，养成好习惯，或实现特定目标。分析句子可知，此处为固定搭配 aim to do sth. 意为“旨在做某事，目的是做某事”，所以为动词不定式形式。故填to improve。 2．考查动名词。句意：这是一种“重置”和追求积极改变的方式——常见的例子包括多锻炼、定期阅读、省钱、学习一项新技能，或者少花时间看屏幕。此处与 exercising, reading, saving, learning 并列，作 include 的宾语，故用动名词形式。故填spending。 3．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：虽然下决心很容易，但坚持下去需要付出努力。句子主语是sticking to them（动名词短语作主语），谓语动词用单数形式；此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填takes。 4．考查主语从句。句意：建议设定小的、现实的目标：不要“健身”，试着“每周散步三次，每次30分钟”。分析句子可知，What is recommended 是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代 “被推荐的事情”，故用连接副词what引导。故填What。 5．考查冠词。句意：即使是很小的步骤也能让这个过程继续下去。此处process特指“坚持新年决心的过程”，属于特指概念，故用定冠词 the。故填the。 6．考查代词。句意：无论你是把它保留一整年，还是在此过程中调整它，它都是一个提醒，提醒你在新的一年开始时成为更好的自己的希望和动力。此处指代前面提到的a New Year’s resolution，为单数可数名词，故用代词 it 替代。故填it。 7．考查形容词比较级。句意：无论你是把它保留一整年，还是在此过程中调整它，它都是一个提醒，提醒你在新的一年开始时成为更好的自己的希望和动力。根据语境，此处指“成为更好的自己”，暗含与过去的自己对比，需用形容词“good”的比较级“better”。故填better。 8．考查名词。句意：例如，古巴比伦人在每年年初向他们的神许下诺言，希望好运。形容词good后接名词，fortunate的名词形式是 fortune，good fortune 意为“好运”。故填fortune。 9．考查固定短语。句意：今天，这一传统在世界范围内仍在继续，尽管重点已经转移到个人成长而不是宗教承诺上。此处为固定短语rather than 意为“而不是”，此处表示如今新年决心的重点转向个人成长，而非宗教承诺。故填rather。 10．考查副词。句意：基本上，重要的是回到正轨，继续前进。此处修饰整个句子，作状语，故用base的副词形式basically，注意首字母大写。故填Basically。 五、阅读理解 Doctors at Great Ormond Street are being encouraged to consider air pollution levels at their patients’ home addresses when assessing the causes of their illnesses, under an innovative pilot scheme. Data showing the average annual air pollution rates at patients’ postcodes has been added to patients’ electronic files so physicians can help families understand whether their child has been exposed to mounting risk. The initiative is a response to criticisms about the case of Ella Adoo-Kissi-Debrah, who was nine when she died from asthma (哮喘) 10 years ago, and who in 2020 became the first person in the UK to have air pollution listed on her death certificate as a cause of death. Ella’s mother, Rosamund, has noted that she was not given information about the health risks of air pollution and its potential to cause asthma, and the family “would have moved straight away” if she had been told that her daughter was being killed by the air she was breathing. Mark Hayden, who works in the Great Ormond Street hospital, put forward this scheme. Hayden said there had previously been a “significant knowledge gap” at the hospital regarding air pollution and its effects. The negative effects of air pollution on health were not sufficiently communicated to patients and carers by medical and nursing professionals, and called on medical staff to do more to inform families about the dangers of air pollution. Data added to patients’ electronic records provides information on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide, indicates whether they exceed World Health Organization (WHO) safe levels. The information will encourage physicians to think about whether air pollution is a factor in a patient’s illness, and do more to educate patients about the risks of air pollution. Hayden agreed that staff had been apprehensive about talking about the health risks. “Obviously, air quality is a bit harder to fix than an infection. You can’t just give some pills, ” he said. 1．What is the initiative aimed at? A．Removing air pollution. B．Perfecting patients’ files. C．Tracing patients’ illnesses. D．Recording air quality data. 2．What can we know about Ella Adoo-Kissi-Debrah? A．Her case raised concerns among the public. B．Her death certificate was updated 10 years ago. C．She was the first person in the UK that died from asthma. D．Her mother doubted the information on the death certificate. 3．How does the scheme help fill the “significant knowledge gap” in paragraph 3? A．By warning people of the potential risks. B．By analyzing data based on WHO safety levels. C．By providing suggestions on decreasing air pollution. D．By encouraging communication between patients and doctors. 4．What does the underlined word “apprehensive” in last paragraph probably mean? A．Curious. B．Uneasy. C．Relieved. D．Enthusiastic. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了Great Ormond Street医院的一项创新试点计划，该计划鼓励医生在评估患者病因时考虑患者家庭住址的空气污染水平。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Doctors at Great Ormond Street are being encouraged to consider air pollution levels at their patients’ home addresses when assessing the causes of their illnesses, under an innovative pilot scheme.(根据一项创新试点计划，大奥蒙德街的医生在评估患者病因时，正被鼓励考虑患者家庭住址的空气污染水平。)”可知，该试点计划旨在让医生在评估患者病因时考虑其居住地的空气污染水平，即通过空气污染数据追溯患者的病因。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The initiative is a response to criticisms about the case of Ella Adoo-Kissi-Debrah, who was nine when she died from asthma(哮喘)10 years ago, and who in 2020 became the first person in the UK to have air pollution listed on her death certificate as a cause of death. Ella’s mother, Rosamund, has noted that she was not given information about the health risks of air pollution and its potential to cause asthma, and the family “would have moved straight away” if she had been told that her daughter was being killed by the air she was breathing.(这一举措源于对Ella Adoo-Kissi-Debrah案例的反思。十年前，九岁的Ella因哮喘去世，2020年她成为英国首位死亡证明上将空气污染列为死因的人。Ella的母亲Rosamund指出，当时她未被告知空气污染的健康风险及其引发哮喘的可能性，并表示如果知道女儿正被呼吸的空气 “杀死”，家人“会立刻搬家”。)”可知，Ella的案例是促使该试点计划推出的关键事件，文中提到她的死亡证明在2020年成为英国首份将空气污染列为死因的文件，其母亲也指出若早知空气污染的危害会立即搬家，由此可知，她的案例引发了对空气污染与健康问题的关注。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Hayden said there had previously been a “significant knowledge gap” at the hospital regarding air pollution and its effects. The negative effects of air pollution on health were not sufficiently communicated to patients and carers by medical and nursing professionals, and called on medical staff to do more to inform families about the dangers of air pollution. Data added to patients’ electronic records provides information on fine particulate matter(PM2. 5) and nitrogen dioxide, indicates whether they exceed World Health Organization(WHO)safe levels. The information will encourage physicians to think about whether air pollution is a factor in a patient’s illness, and do more to educate patients about the risks of air pollution. (在大奥蒙德街医院工作的Mark Hayden提出了该计划。他表示，医院此前在空气污染及其影响方面存在“显著的知识缺口”，医护人员未能充分向患者及其照料者传达空气污染对健康的负面影响，并呼吁医务人员更多地告知家庭空气污染的危害。电子病历中添加的数据包含细颗粒物和二氧化氮信息，标明其是否超过世界卫生组织安全水平。这些信息将促使医生思考空气污染是否为患者病因，并加强对患者的空气污染风险教育。)”可知，该计划通过在患者电子档案中添加空气污染数据，促使医生思考空气污染是否为病因，并加强对患者的风险教育，这直接针对此前“医护人员未充分传达空气污染健康风险”的知识缺口，通过提供数据支持来“警告人们潜在风险”。故选A。 4．词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在语境“Hayden agreed that staff had been apprehensive about talking about the health risks. “Obviously, air quality is a bit harder to fix than an infection. You can’t just give some pills,” he said.( Hayden承认，医护人员此前对谈论健康风险……。“显然，空气质量问题比感染更难解决，你不能只是开些药片。”他说。)”可推测，因为该问题难以像治疗感染一样通过药物解决，医护人员对谈论空气污染健康风险存在顾虑或者感到不安。选项B“uneasy”，意为“不安的”，与此相符。故选B。 六、应用文写作 假定你是李华，请给你的英国朋友Chris写一封电子邮件，分享你的冬季运动计划，要点如下： (1) 运动目的； (2) 具体计划。 注意：(1) 词数：80字左右； (2) 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 Dear Chris, With winter approaching, I’ve decided to take up some sports to stay active and improve my fitness. My plan includes three main activities. First, I’ll go skiing every weekend at a nearby resort, where I can enjoy the snowy scenery while exercising. Second, I’ll join a local ice-skating club because I believe practicing with others will motivate me. Finally, I intend to jog in the park every morning unless the weather is extremely cold, as running helps me stay energetic. I’d love to hear about your winter plans too! Looking forward to your reply. Best regards, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给英国朋友Chris写一封电子邮件，分享自己的冬季运动计划，需包含运动目的和具体计划两方面的信息。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 决定做某事：decide to do→determine to do 包含：include→incorporate/involve 激励：motivate→stimulate/inspire 精力充沛的：energetic→vigorous 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With winter approaching, I’ve decided to take up some sports to stay active and improve my fitness. 拓展句：As winter is approaching, I’ve decided to take up some sports to stay active and improve my fitness. 【点睛】[高分句型1] First, I’ll go skiing every weekend at a nearby resort, where I can enjoy the snowy scenery while exercising. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Finally, I intend to jog in the park every morning unless the weather is extremely cold, as running helps me stay energetic. (运用了unless引导条件状语从句和as引导原因状语从句) 七、读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 They called him “Donnie the Dung Beetle”. Donald didn’t mind the comparison, as he knew that African dung beetles(粪金龟)were known for moving things a thousand times their own body weight. However, his classmates in Mrs. Beecher’s third-grade class probably didn’t know this fact. Nobody knew insects like Donald did, and he figured that being compared to a dung beetle was not a praise. One day, Richie made fun of Donald, pointing towards a container under the window where a small brown ball hung from a branch. Donald tried to explain that it was an egg case of a praying mantis(螳螂), and the exciting part would be when the eggs hatched. But Richie didn’t understand, and neither did most of the other kids. Donald had brought the egg case from his backyard and was excited when Mrs. Beecher agreed to make it their class project. He thought having an insect as a class pet might finally give him something to talk about with the other kids. But after two months of staring at a lifeless brown ball, Donald began to lose hope. During science class one day, Mrs. Beecher announced they would start by writing in their journals. As Donald opened his journal, a left over particle from his lunch rolled across the page. When he went to brush it off, he realized it wasn’t a particle at all —it was a tiny praying mantis, barely the size of a grain of rice! Donald bounced out of his seat, crying out that the eggs were hatching. Suddenly, chaos erupted in the classroom as more baby mantises started appearing everywhere. Kids were jumping out of their seats, screaming and waving their arms. Mrs. Beecher quickly took charge, asking why the lid of the container was off. Richie, who was supposed to check on the container that day, had forgotten to put the lid back on. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Donald took charge of the situation, directing Richie to get paintbrushes and white paper. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________After the successful rescue, Mrs. Beecher asked the class to write about this special experience. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 Donald took charge of the situation, directing Richie to get paintbrushes and white paper. Donald took the brush and carefully drove the baby mantises onto the white paper. They were so small that he could injure their legs or body parts. The baby mantises were so small that some of the students brought a magnifying glass to help. With the concerted efforts of everyone, the baby mantises finally returned safely to the box. After the successful rescue, Mrs. Beecher asked the class to write about this special experience. Richie no longer laughed at Donald, and no longer called him “Donnie the Dung Beetle”, and deeply admired Donald’s calmly handling the unexpected things. Donald’s profound knowledge left a deep impression on everyone. From this incident, everyone realized the importance of patience, calmness, carefulness and being knowledgeable. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了唐纳德在班级里养了螳螂卵作为班级宠物，但是几个月过去了，小螳螂还是没有孵化出来。里奇查看螳螂卵后没有盖好盒子的盖子导致孵出的小螳螂到处都是。在唐纳德的处理下，小螳螂安全回到孵化盒子，比彻老师让大家把这个事件记录下来，同时，同学们也改变了对唐纳德的称谓和看法。 【详解】 1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“唐纳德掌控了局势，指挥里奇去拿画笔和白纸。”可知，第一段可描写唐纳德如何营救螳螂宝宝。 ②由第二段首句内容“救援成功后，比彻老师请全班同学写下这段特殊的经历。”可知，第二段可描写营救成功后全班同学对唐纳德看法的改变以及感悟。 2.续写线索：养螳螂卵当作班级宠物——长时间没有孵化——突然孵化，震惊全班——唐纳德冷静处理——小螳螂安全得救——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①一起走路：injure /harm ②返回：return /go back ③处理：handling /dealing with 情绪类 ①深为钦佩：deeply admired / looked highly up to ②镇静地：calmly / with calmness 【点睛】 【高分句型1】The baby mantises were so small that some of the students brought a magnifying glass to help. (使用了so…that…“如此……以至于”固定句型) 【高分句型2】Donald’s profound knowledge left a deep impression on everyone. (使用了leave a deep impression on固定短语) 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $