Unit 4 Rules make for a better life（阅读表达专练）英语新教材冀教版八年级下册

Unit 4 Rules make for a better life 阅读表达专练 话题：规则 基础篇 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答文后各小题。 01 When travelling to foreign countries, you may find some special local laws that are quite different from ours. These laws look funny at first sight, but they all have special meanings for the local people and their lives. In Thailand, it’s against the local rule to touch a kid’s head casually. Local people believe the head is the most important part of the body, and touching it is a kind of disrespect to them. In Iceland, people can’t keep pet dogs in their homes. The rule started over 100 years ago, just to stop a terrible disease from spreading across the whole country. In Singapore, chewing gum can’t be sold in the market. This is because the gum is easy to stick to the street or subway seats, making the public places dirty and messy. In Norway, people are not allowed to wash cars at their homes. The country tries to protect its water resources from the harmful chemicals in car wash water, so everyone has to use the public car wash places there. All these special laws are not made for fun. They are closely related to the local culture, environment or public safety. Learning about them before your trip can help you become a polite traveller and avoid unnecessary trouble during your journey. 1．What is the most important part of the body in Thailand? ______________________________________________ 2．Why did Iceland start the rule of not keeping pet dogs at home? _________________________________________________ 3．What can’t be sold in the market in Singapore? __________________________________________________ 4．Why can’t people wash cars at home in Norway? __________________________________________________ 5．What will you do before travelling to a foreign country? __________________________________________________ 02 Rules are an important part of our daily life and they exist almost everywhere around us. We can find them in schools, families, and various public places such as libraries, parks, supermarkets and bus stations. Some rules are written clearly on notice boards or walls for everyone to see, and some are unspoken rules that people all know and follow in daily life. Both kinds of rules play a key role in making our lives in order and better. At school, there are many necessary rules to make the school life go smoothly. For example, we must listen to teachers carefully in class, hand in our homework on time and keep quiet in the reading room. These school rules not only help us study better and make progress in our lessons, but also teach us how to get on well with our classmates and teachers. At home, family rules are also important for us to grow up well. Like washing hands before meals, keeping our own rooms tidy and not watching TV for too long, these small rules help us develop good living habits and become a polite person. In public places, following rules is everyone’s duty too—we can’t talk loudly or litter in the library, we must wait in line when buying things or taking the bus, and we can’t pick flowers or walk on the grass in the park. Some students may think that following rules is boring and it limits their freedom, so they don’t like to obey them. But in fact, rules are never made to limit people’s freedom. They are made to keep us safe, make our life more comfortable and keep the whole society in order. If everyone follows the rules carefully, our school will be more harmonious, our community will be more peaceful and our whole world will become a better place to live in. Following rules is not a hard thing, and it’s everyone’s basic duty to do so in daily life. 1．Where can we find rules in our daily life? _________________________________________ 2．What school rules are mentioned in the passage? ___________________________________________ 3．What do family rules help us do according to the passage? ___________________________________________ 4．Why do some students dislike following rules? ___________________________________________ 5．As a student, what’s one important rule you follow in your daily life? Why do you think it’s important? ___________________________________________ 03 Hello, everyone. Welcome to “Sunshine School Radio”. Today, let’s talk about something very important: personal boundaries. A personal boundary is like an invisible (隐形的) line around us. It helps to protect our feelings, our bodies, and our time. For example, a friend reads your diary without asking. This action is crossing a boundary. Someone keeps tickling (挠痒痒) you after you say “stop”. That is also crossing a boundary. Setting boundaries is not selfish (自私的) or mean. It is a proper way to take care of yourself. By doing so, you can show self-respect (自尊), and this leads to a healthier friendship. So, what can you do? First, listen to your own feelings. Uncomfortable feelings are a sign. Second, use “I” statements (表述) to communicate clearly and calmly. For example, say “I feel uncomfortable with this.” instead of “You are so rude.” Finally, remember to respect others’ boundaries, too. Always ask before giving a hug or sharing their secrets. Listening to their needs makes you a true friend. Let’s work together to make our school a safer and more friendly place for everyone! That’s all for today on “Sunshine School Radio”. Thanks for listening, and see you next time! 1．What is a personal boundary like? _________________________________________ 2．What are the two examples of crossing a boundary in the text? __________________________________________ 3．Why is setting boundaries a proper thing to do? ___________________________________________ 4．What is the main purpose of this text? ___________________________________________ 5．If a friend makes you feel uncomfortable, what would you say to him? ______________________________________________ 04 Public Signs: The Silent Guides When you walk into a subway station, you’ll see signs showing you which way to the platform. When you visit a museum, a sign may tell you “No Flash Photography” to protect the artworks. These public signs are like silent guides, using simple words and symbols to keep our public life safe and orderly. In Japan, some parks have signs that say “Please don’t feed the deer” to protect both the animals and visitors. In Norway, libraries use signs with soft colours and friendly pictures to encourage people to read quietly. In Brazil, beaches have signs that remind swimmers to watch out for strong waves. Public signs also reflect a city’s culture. For example, in Paris, many signs are written in both French and English, showing the city’s welcome to international tourists. In Singapore, signs often use humour to get people’s attention—one popular sign says, “Please don’t let your dog make our park a toilet!” While signs are helpful, they only work if people follow them. So the next time you see a public sign, take a moment to read it and think about its purpose. Small actions like following signs can make a big difference to our community. 1．What is the main function of public signs according to the passage? ________________________________________________________ 2．Why do some parks in Japan have signs that say “Please don’t feed the deer”? _________________________________________________________ 3．How do libraries in Norway encourage people to read quietly? _________________________________________________________ 4．What does the sign “Please don’t let your dog make our park a toilet!” in Singapore show? __________________________________________________________ 5．What is one public sign you often see in your daily life? How does it help you? __________________________________________________________ 05 Personal boundaries are the invisible (看不见的) rules for our daily communication. They tell others what we accept and what we don’t in getting along. Some students don’t like others to touch their school things without asking, and some feel uncomfortable when others stand too close while talking. These are all common personal boundaries at school. If you cross a classmate’s personal boundary by accident, you should say sorry sincerely at once. A sincere apology can make your classmate feel respected. When someone crosses your personal boundary, you don’t need to be angry. You can tell them your feelings in a polite way, like “I don’t like it when others look at my diary without permission.” Respecting personal boundaries is very important for getting on well with classmates. It can make everyone feel safe and comfortable in the classroom. It also helps us build warm and friendly relationships with each other. Small acts of respecting others’ boundaries can make our school life happier. 1．What are personal boundaries? __________________________________________________ 2．What should we do if we cross others’ boundaries by accident? __________________________________________________ 3．How can we let others know if they cross our boundaries? __________________________________________________ 4．Why is respecting personal boundaries important for good relationships? __________________________________________________ 5．What will you do to respect your classmates’ personal boundaries at school? (请自拟一句话作答) ______________________________________________________ 培优篇 06 （2022·黑龙江·中考真题） In order to improve students’ health and reduce students’ pressure, our country made some rules. Here are some of them. Firstly, homework for middle school students should take no more than 90 minutes. They can finish most of written homework at school so that after school they only spend a little time finishing the rest. Some students can still go to sleep on time even though they don’t finish their homework until bedtime. Then they will have more time to relax. Secondly, mobile phones mustn’t be brought to class because students are easily absent-minded (心不在焉的) from the lesson. Students must control the time on electronic products to protect their eyesight. They shouldn’t lose themselves in the Internet. Thirdly, students are expected to listen carefully and go over lessons in time so that they can master the right methods of learning. Fourthly, parents should often communicate with their children, pay attention to their feelings and help them develop good learning and life habits. In a word, these rules are helpful to middle school students. If they follow the rules, they can improve their study and health.Answer the questions according to the passage. 1．Why did our country carry out the rules? __________________________________________________ 2．How long should homework for middle school students take? __________________________________________________ 3．Mobile phones mustn’t be brought to class, must they? __________________________________________________ 4．How can students master the right methods of learning according to the passage? __________________________________________________ 5．How many rules are talked about in this passage? __________________________________________________ 07 （2021·江苏淮安·中考真题） Do you put up your hand when you want to speak in class? If so, you have followed a rule. Rules can be as simple as putting up your hand. They can also be as complicated(复杂的) as knowing when you are”out”in a game. Rules can be made by anyone. Parents make rules to help children grow up healthily. Rules at home might include washing dishes or cleaning rooms. Teachers make rules to help students learn and stay safe. Putting up your hand before asking a question helps the class pay attention to the lesson. Students make rules in games to make sure that they can play without fighting. Rules can be changed often. If you change your minds, you can change the rules. Laws are rules too, but they are made differently. Laws are made by elected representatives(被选出的代表). Voters(选民) allow their representatives to make laws that can protect people’s rights, safety and make sure everyone can be treated fairly. Laws cannot be changed often, so representatives consider laws carefully before making new ones. The biggest difference between rules and laws is the punishment(处罚) for breaking them. If you break a rule, your punishment might be small, like losing a turn in a game. However, if a person breaks an important law, the punishment might be a fine(罚款) or time in prison. Rules and laws keep everyone safe. People can work and live together in peace by following rules and laws. 1．Can anyone make rules? __________________________________________________ 2．Who makes rules to help students learn and stay safe? __________________________________________________ 3．Why do representatives consider laws carefully before making new ones? __________________________________________________ 4．What’s the biggest difference between rules and laws? __________________________________________________ 5．How can people live together in peace? __________________________________________________ 08 （2019·湖南邵阳·中考真题） Nowadays, a new method is used to decide who are the top students in school. The best students are those who not only get high marks, but also follow the rules and the behavior standards for middle school students. Here are some of the new rules and standards. Tell the truth. Have you ever copied someone else's work on an exam? If you have, then don't do it again! That's not something an honest student should do. If you have played computer games for two hours in your room. don't tell your parents you were doing homework. Learn to work together with others. It would be more fun when more people work together. Did you fight with your teammates when your basketball team lost? Only working together can make your team stronger. Be friendly to the people you are with. Try to think of others, instead of only yourself. Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon? Perhaps you'll discover Earth Ⅱ someday. Don't look down on new ideas. Everyone's ideas are important. You should welcome them, because new ideas make life better for everyone. Use the Internet carefully. Some websites on the Internet aren't for kids, so make sure to visit the web pages that are good for you. You can visit the websites for fun or homework. Can't you find any good websites for children? 1．How many new rules and standards are mentioned in the passage? __________________________________________________ 2．Should we learn to work together with others? __________________________________________________ 3．Why should we welcome the new ideas? __________________________________________________ 4．What kind of web pages should we visit? __________________________________________________ 5．Who can be the best students according to the new standards? __________________________________________________ 09 （2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模） We all know bad behaviors can be controlled by rules. They are especially useful in public places. Public places are different from private places. People should learn to be in control of themselves. These bad behaviors not only influence others but also make the environment terrible. In that case, the society will be in bad order. Some behaviors can badly influence people in a public place. For example, when all the students are doing their homework or reviewing quietly, the sound of loud talking can break the quietness. Some people don’t pay attention to protecting the environment. They smoke and throw rubbish everywhere. The public environment will be awful if the rules aren’t set in time. The people who break the rules should be punished. In my opinion, following rules in public places is necessary. Please remember, wherever we are, try to think about others’ feelings instead of just acting in the way we like. 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 1．What can control bad behaviors? ______________________________________________ 2．If people don’t learn to control themselves in public places, will the society be in good order? ________________________________________________ 3．Why isn’t loud talking allowed when all the students are doing their homework quietly? ________________________________________________ 4．What will happen to the people who break the rules? ___________________________________________________ 5．If you are in the library, will you talk on the phone loudly? Why? ___________________________________________________ 10 （2023·重庆九龙坡·一模） Many of you have probably had this experience: You get on a train and are ready to have a rest or read a book, but you find that the passenger in front of you is watching a TV show on his tablet without headphones. The child next to you won’t stop crying. And the old lady behind you talks on her phone during the whole trip. Wish the train could be less noisy? There might be a solution for you. The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, one of China’s busiest high-speed rail lines, will have “quiet” carriages（车厢）starting from Dec 23, Xinhua reported. In quiet carriages, onboard videos will be muted（静音）and announcements will be made at a lower volume. Doors at the ends of the carriages will be kept closed to reduce noise from other carriages, CGTN noted. Train attendants（乘务员）will be responsible for making sure that passengers remain quiet and follow the rules. Passengers who are willing to follow the rules can choose the quiet carriages when booking their tickets, according to China’s national railway operator. Some people have pointed out that this kind of quiet environment should be offered in all carriages. They say that having quiet carriages might give people the impression that they don’t need to be quiet in non-quiet carriages. While some Internet users are in support of the new service, others have some doubts about it. For example, they have raised questions such as “What if I snore（打呼噜）?” and “Can we talk to our friends if we need to?” Will these kinds of noises be allowed on the train? 1．Can announcements be made in quiet carriages? _________________________________________ 2．What will train attendants do in quiet carriages? __________________________________________ 3．Why do some Internet users have doubts about the new service? __________________________________________ 4．Would you like to choose quiet carriages when you take the train? Why or why not? ___________________________________________ ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Rules make for a better life 阅读表达专练 话题：规则 基础篇 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答文后各小题。 01 When travelling to foreign countries, you may find some special local laws that are quite different from ours. These laws look funny at first sight, but they all have special meanings for the local people and their lives. In Thailand, it’s against the local rule to touch a kid’s head casually. Local people believe the head is the most important part of the body, and touching it is a kind of disrespect to them. In Iceland, people can’t keep pet dogs in their homes. The rule started over 100 years ago, just to stop a terrible disease from spreading across the whole country. In Singapore, chewing gum can’t be sold in the market. This is because the gum is easy to stick to the street or subway seats, making the public places dirty and messy. In Norway, people are not allowed to wash cars at their homes. The country tries to protect its water resources from the harmful chemicals in car wash water, so everyone has to use the public car wash places there. All these special laws are not made for fun. They are closely related to the local culture, environment or public safety. Learning about them before your trip can help you become a polite traveller and avoid unnecessary trouble during your journey. 1．What is the most important part of the body in Thailand? ______________________________________________ 2．Why did Iceland start the rule of not keeping pet dogs at home? _________________________________________________ 3．What can’t be sold in the market in Singapore? __________________________________________________ 4．Why can’t people wash cars at home in Norway? __________________________________________________ 5．What will you do before travelling to a foreign country? __________________________________________________ 【答案】1．The head. 2．To stop a terrible disease from spreading across the whole country. 3．Chewing gum. 4．Because the country wants to protect its water resources from the harmful chemicals in car wash water. 5．I will learn about the local special laws and rules first. 【导语】本文介绍了泰国、冰岛、新加坡和挪威一些独特的法律，这些法律与当地文化、环境或公共安全密切相关，了解它们有助于成为有礼貌的旅行者。 1．根据“Local people believe the head is the most important part of the body”可知，在泰国，头部是身体最重要的部分。故填The head. 2．根据“The rule started over 100 years ago, just to stop a terrible disease from spreading across the whole country.”可知，冰岛禁止养宠物狗是为了阻止一种可怕的疾病在全国蔓延。故填To stop a terrible disease from spreading across the whole country. 3．根据“In Singapore, chewing gum can’t be sold in the market.”可知，新加坡禁止在市场销售口香糖。故填Chewing gum. 4．根据“The country tries to protect its water resources from the harmful chemicals in car wash water”可知，挪威禁止在家洗车是为了保护水资源免受洗车水中有害化学物质的污染。故填Because the country wants to protect its water resources from the harmful chemicals in car wash water. 5．本题为开放性问题，可根据文章最后一段提示作答：学习当地特殊法律和规则，成为有礼貌的旅行者。故填I will learn about the local special laws and rules first. 02 Rules are an important part of our daily life and they exist almost everywhere around us. We can find them in schools, families, and various public places such as libraries, parks, supermarkets and bus stations. Some rules are written clearly on notice boards or walls for everyone to see, and some are unspoken rules that people all know and follow in daily life. Both kinds of rules play a key role in making our lives in order and better. At school, there are many necessary rules to make the school life go smoothly. For example, we must listen to teachers carefully in class, hand in our homework on time and keep quiet in the reading room. These school rules not only help us study better and make progress in our lessons, but also teach us how to get on well with our classmates and teachers. At home, family rules are also important for us to grow up well. Like washing hands before meals, keeping our own rooms tidy and not watching TV for too long, these small rules help us develop good living habits and become a polite person. In public places, following rules is everyone’s duty too—we can’t talk loudly or litter in the library, we must wait in line when buying things or taking the bus, and we can’t pick flowers or walk on the grass in the park. Some students may think that following rules is boring and it limits their freedom, so they don’t like to obey them. But in fact, rules are never made to limit people’s freedom. They are made to keep us safe, make our life more comfortable and keep the whole society in order. If everyone follows the rules carefully, our school will be more harmonious, our community will be more peaceful and our whole world will become a better place to live in. Following rules is not a hard thing, and it’s everyone’s basic duty to do so in daily life. 1．Where can we find rules in our daily life? _________________________________________ 2．What school rules are mentioned in the passage? ___________________________________________ 3．What do family rules help us do according to the passage? ___________________________________________ 4．Why do some students dislike following rules? ___________________________________________ 5．As a student, what’s one important rule you follow in your daily life? Why do you think it’s important? ___________________________________________ 【答案】1．In schools, families and various public places. 2．Listen to teachers carefully in class, hand in homework on time and keep quiet in the reading room. 3．They help us develop good living habits and become a polite person. 4．Because they think it’s boring and it limits their freedom. 5．I think keeping quiet in the library is important. Because it can let everyone read and study in a quiet environment. 【导语】本文主要介绍了生活中无处不在的规则，包括明文规则和潜规则，举例说明了学校、家庭和公共场所的具体规则，并反驳了“规则限制自由”的错误想法，阐述了遵守规则的重要意义和价值。 1．根据短文第一段中“We can find them in schools, families, and various public places such as libraries, parks, supermarkets and bus stations.”可知，我们能在学校、家庭和各种公共场所找到规则。故填In schools, families and various public places. 2．根据短文第二段中“For example, we must listen to teachers carefully in class, hand in our homework on time and keep quiet in the reading room.”可知，文中提到的校规有上课认真听老师讲课、按时交作业以及在阅览室保持安静。故填Listen to teachers carefully in class, hand in homework on time and keep quiet in the reading room. 3．根据短文第二段中“these small rules help us develop good living habits and become a polite person.”可知，家规帮助我们养成良好的生活习惯，成为一个有礼貌的人。故填They help us develop good living habits and become a polite person. 4．根据短文第三段中“Some students may think that following rules is boring and it limits their freedom, so they don’t like to obey them.”可知，一些学生不喜欢遵守规则是因为他们认为这很无聊，还限制了他们的自由。故填Because they think it’s boring and it limits their freedom. 5．本题为开放性问题，结合自身实际作答即可，答案需说明具体规则并阐述原因。故填I think keeping quiet in the library is important. Because it can let everyone read and study in a quiet environment. 03 Hello, everyone. Welcome to “Sunshine School Radio”. Today, let’s talk about something very important: personal boundaries. A personal boundary is like an invisible (隐形的) line around us. It helps to protect our feelings, our bodies, and our time. For example, a friend reads your diary without asking. This action is crossing a boundary. Someone keeps tickling (挠痒痒) you after you say “stop”. That is also crossing a boundary. Setting boundaries is not selfish (自私的) or mean. It is a proper way to take care of yourself. By doing so, you can show self-respect (自尊), and this leads to a healthier friendship. So, what can you do? First, listen to your own feelings. Uncomfortable feelings are a sign. Second, use “I” statements (表述) to communicate clearly and calmly. For example, say “I feel uncomfortable with this.” instead of “You are so rude.” Finally, remember to respect others’ boundaries, too. Always ask before giving a hug or sharing their secrets. Listening to their needs makes you a true friend. Let’s work together to make our school a safer and more friendly place for everyone! That’s all for today on “Sunshine School Radio”. Thanks for listening, and see you next time! 1．What is a personal boundary like? _________________________________________ 2．What are the two examples of crossing a boundary in the text? __________________________________________ 3．Why is setting boundaries a proper thing to do? ___________________________________________ 4．What is the main purpose of this text? ___________________________________________ 5．If a friend makes you feel uncomfortable, what would you say to him? ______________________________________________ 【答案】1．It’s like an invisible line around us. 2．A friend reads your diary without asking and someone keeps tickling you after you say “stop”. 3．Because by doing so, you can show self-respect, and this leads to a healthier friendship. 4．To tell students about personal boundaries and give advice on setting and respecting them. 5．I need a little more personal space right now. Could you please not do that? (言之有理即可) 【导语】本文主要介绍了个人边界的概念、重要性，以及如何设立和尊重个人边界，旨在让校园成为更安全、友好的地方。 1．根据文章“A personal boundary is like an invisible (隐形的) line around us.”可知，个人边界就像我们周围的一条隐形线。故填It’s like an invisible line around us. 2．根据文章“For example, a friend reads your diary without asking. This action is crossing a boundary. Someone keeps tickling (挠痒痒) you after you say ‘stop’. That is also crossing a boundary.”可知，文中给出的两个越界例子是：朋友未经允许翻看你的日记；有人在你说“停”之后还继续挠你痒。故填A friend reads your diary without asking and someone keeps tickling you after you say “stop”. 3．根据文章“Setting boundaries is not selfish (自私的) or mean. It is a proper way to take care of yourself. By doing so, you can show self-respect (自尊), and this leads to a healthier friendship.”可知，设立边界是照顾自己、展现自尊并促成更健康友谊的恰当方式。故填Because by doing so, you can show self-respect, and this leads to a healthier friendship. 4．根据文章“Today, let’s talk about something very important: personal boundaries.”以及“Let’s work together to make our school a safer and more friendly place for everyone!”可知，本文的主要目的是讨论个人边界的重要性，并教导学生如何设立和尊重个人边界，让校园更安全友好。故填To tell students about personal boundaries and give advice on setting and respecting them. 5．开放性题目，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。参考答案为I need a little more personal space right now. Could you please not do that? 04 Public Signs: The Silent Guides When you walk into a subway station, you’ll see signs showing you which way to the platform. When you visit a museum, a sign may tell you “No Flash Photography” to protect the artworks. These public signs are like silent guides, using simple words and symbols to keep our public life safe and orderly. In Japan, some parks have signs that say “Please don’t feed the deer” to protect both the animals and visitors. In Norway, libraries use signs with soft colours and friendly pictures to encourage people to read quietly. In Brazil, beaches have signs that remind swimmers to watch out for strong waves. Public signs also reflect a city’s culture. For example, in Paris, many signs are written in both French and English, showing the city’s welcome to international tourists. In Singapore, signs often use humour to get people’s attention—one popular sign says, “Please don’t let your dog make our park a toilet!” While signs are helpful, they only work if people follow them. So the next time you see a public sign, take a moment to read it and think about its purpose. Small actions like following signs can make a big difference to our community. 1．What is the main function of public signs according to the passage? ________________________________________________________ 2．Why do some parks in Japan have signs that say “Please don’t feed the deer”? _________________________________________________________ 3．How do libraries in Norway encourage people to read quietly? _________________________________________________________ 4．What does the sign “Please don’t let your dog make our park a toilet!” in Singapore show? __________________________________________________________ 5．What is one public sign you often see in your daily life? How does it help you? __________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．They are like silent guides, using simple words and symbols to keep public life safe and orderly. 2．To protect both the animals and visitors. 3．By using soft colors and friendly pictures. 4．It uses humour to catch people’s attention. 5．I often see the “No Littering” sign in the park. It reminds me to keep the park clean and tidy. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，列举了多国不同场景的公共标志，并说明公共标志能反映城市文化。 1．根据原文“These public signs are like silent guides, using simple words and symbols to keep our public life safe and orderly.”可知，公共标志的主要作用是作为无声向导，用简单文字和符号维持公共生活安全有序，故填They are like silent guides, using simple words and symbols to keep public life safe and orderly. 2．根据原文“In Japan, some parks have signs that say ‘Please don’t feed the deer’ to protect both the animals and visitors.”可知，日本公园设置该标志是为了保护动物和游客，故填To protect both animals and visitors. 3．根据原文“In Norway, libraries use signs with soft colours and friendly pictures to encourage people to read quietly.”可知，挪威图书馆用柔和色彩与友好图案的标志引导人们安静阅读，故填By using soft colors and friendly pictures. 4．根据原文“In Singapore, signs often use humour to get people’s attention—one popular sign says...”可知，这个标志体现新加坡的标志常用幽默方式吸引人们注意，故填It uses humour to catch people’s attention. 5．本题为开放性问题，结合日常所见公共标志回答即可。示例：I often see the “No Littering” sign in the park. It reminds me to keep the park clean and tidy.（我经常在公园里看到“禁止乱扔垃圾”的标志。它提醒我要保持公园的清洁和整洁。）故填I often see the “No Littering” sign in the park. It reminds me to keep the park clean and tidy. 05 Personal boundaries are the invisible (看不见的) rules for our daily communication. They tell others what we accept and what we don’t in getting along. Some students don’t like others to touch their school things without asking, and some feel uncomfortable when others stand too close while talking. These are all common personal boundaries at school. If you cross a classmate’s personal boundary by accident, you should say sorry sincerely at once. A sincere apology can make your classmate feel respected. When someone crosses your personal boundary, you don’t need to be angry. You can tell them your feelings in a polite way, like “I don’t like it when others look at my diary without permission.” Respecting personal boundaries is very important for getting on well with classmates. It can make everyone feel safe and comfortable in the classroom. It also helps us build warm and friendly relationships with each other. Small acts of respecting others’ boundaries can make our school life happier. 1．What are personal boundaries? __________________________________________________ 2．What should we do if we cross others’ boundaries by accident? __________________________________________________ 3．How can we let others know if they cross our boundaries? __________________________________________________ 4．Why is respecting personal boundaries important for good relationships? __________________________________________________ 5．What will you do to respect your classmates’ personal boundaries at school? (请自拟一句话作答) ______________________________________________________ 【答案】1．They are the invisible rules for our daily communication. 2．We should say sorry sincerely at once. 3．We can tell them our feelings in a polite way. 4．Because it can make everyone feel safe and comfortable and help build warm and friendly relationships. 5．I will ask my classmates first before using their school things. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了个人界限在日常交往中的含义、表现形式，以及如何正确处理界限被无意冒犯或自己被冒犯的情况，最后强调了尊重他人界限对建立良好同学关系的重要性。 1．根据“Personal boundaries are the invisible rules for our daily communication.”可知，个人界限是日常交流中看不见的规则。故填They are the invisible rules for our daily communication. 2．根据“If you cross a classmate’s personal boundary by accident, you should say sorry sincerely at once.”可知，如果无意中越界，应该立即真诚道歉。故填We should say sorry sincerely at once. 3．根据“When someone crosses your personal boundary...You can tell them your feelings in a polite way”可知，当别人越界时，可以用礼貌的方式告诉对方自己的感受。故填We can tell them our feelings in a polite way. 4．根据“Respecting personal boundaries is very important for getting on well with classmates. It can make everyone feel safe and comfortable...It also helps us build warm and friendly relationships”可知，尊重界限能让每个人感到安全和舒适，有助于建立温暖友好的关系。故填Because it can make everyone feel safe and comfortable and help build warm and friendly relationships. 5．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，结合尊重他人界限的具体做法，如借用物品前先询问、保持适当距离等合理作答即可。故填I will ask my classmates first before using their school things. 培优篇 06 （2022·黑龙江·中考真题） In order to improve students’ health and reduce students’ pressure, our country made some rules. Here are some of them. Firstly, homework for middle school students should take no more than 90 minutes. They can finish most of written homework at school so that after school they only spend a little time finishing the rest. Some students can still go to sleep on time even though they don’t finish their homework until bedtime. Then they will have more time to relax. Secondly, mobile phones mustn’t be brought to class because students are easily absent-minded (心不在焉的) from the lesson. Students must control the time on electronic products to protect their eyesight. They shouldn’t lose themselves in the Internet. Thirdly, students are expected to listen carefully and go over lessons in time so that they can master the right methods of learning. Fourthly, parents should often communicate with their children, pay attention to their feelings and help them develop good learning and life habits. In a word, these rules are helpful to middle school students. If they follow the rules, they can improve their study and health.Answer the questions according to the passage. 1．Why did our country carry out the rules? __________________________________________________ 2．How long should homework for middle school students take? __________________________________________________ 3．Mobile phones mustn’t be brought to class, must they? __________________________________________________ 4．How can students master the right methods of learning according to the passage? __________________________________________________ 5．How many rules are talked about in this passage? __________________________________________________ 【答案】1．To/In order to improve students’ health and reduce students’ pressure. 2．No more than 90 minutes. 3．No, they mustn’t./No. 4．By listening carefully and going over lessons in time./They can listen carefully and go over lessons in time. 5．Four./Four rules./4. 【导语】本文主要讲述了为了改善学生的健康状况，减轻学生的压力，我国制定的一些规定。 1．根据“In order to improve students’ health and reduce students’ pressure, our country made some rules”可知为了改善学生的健康状况，减轻学生的压力，我国制定了一些规定。故填To/In order to improve students’ health and reduce students’ pressure. 2．根据“Firstly, homework for middle school students should take no more than 90 minutes. ”可知中学生的作业时间不应超过90分钟。故填No more than 90 minutes. 3．根据“Secondly, mobile phones mustn’t be brought to class because students are easily absent-minded(心不在焉的) from the lesson.”可知手机是不准带到班级里，故填No, they mustn’t./No. 4．根据“Thirdly, students are expected to listen carefully and go over lessons in time so that they can master the right methods of learning”可知他们可以认真听课，及时复习。故填By listening carefully and going over lessons in time./They can listen carefully and go over lessons in time. 5．根据“Fourthly, ”可知文章一共谈论了四条规定，故填Four./Four rules./4. 07 （2021·江苏淮安·中考真题） Do you put up your hand when you want to speak in class? If so, you have followed a rule. Rules can be as simple as putting up your hand. They can also be as complicated(复杂的) as knowing when you are”out”in a game. Rules can be made by anyone. Parents make rules to help children grow up healthily. Rules at home might include washing dishes or cleaning rooms. Teachers make rules to help students learn and stay safe. Putting up your hand before asking a question helps the class pay attention to the lesson. Students make rules in games to make sure that they can play without fighting. Rules can be changed often. If you change your minds, you can change the rules. Laws are rules too, but they are made differently. Laws are made by elected representatives(被选出的代表). Voters(选民) allow their representatives to make laws that can protect people’s rights, safety and make sure everyone can be treated fairly. Laws cannot be changed often, so representatives consider laws carefully before making new ones. The biggest difference between rules and laws is the punishment(处罚) for breaking them. If you break a rule, your punishment might be small, like losing a turn in a game. However, if a person breaks an important law, the punishment might be a fine(罚款) or time in prison. Rules and laws keep everyone safe. People can work and live together in peace by following rules and laws. 1．Can anyone make rules? __________________________________________________ 2．Who makes rules to help students learn and stay safe? __________________________________________________ 3．Why do representatives consider laws carefully before making new ones? __________________________________________________ 4．What’s the biggest difference between rules and laws? __________________________________________________ 5．How can people live together in peace? __________________________________________________ 【答案】1．Yes, he/she can. 2．Teachers. 3．Because laws cannot be changed often. 4．The punishment for breaking them. 5．By following rules and laws. 【分析】文章主要介绍了规则和法律对人们的作用以及它们的区别。 1．根据“Rules can be made by anyone.”可知，任何人都可以制定规则，故填Yes, he/she can. 2．根据“Teachers make rules to help students learn and stay safe.”可知，老师制定规则帮助学生学习并保持安全，故填Teachers. 3．根据“Laws cannot be changed often, so representatives consider laws carefully before making new ones.”可知，因为法律不能经常改变，所以代表在制定新法律之前要仔细考虑法律。故填Because laws cannot be changed often. 4．根据“The biggest difference between rules and laws is the punishment(处罚) for breaking them.”可知，规则和法律之间最大的区别是对违反之后的惩罚。故填The punishment for breaking them. 5．根据“People can work and live together in peace by following rules and laws.”可知，通过遵守规则和法律，人们可以和平地工作和生活在一起。故填By following rules and laws. 08 （2019·湖南邵阳·中考真题） Nowadays, a new method is used to decide who are the top students in school. The best students are those who not only get high marks, but also follow the rules and the behavior standards for middle school students. Here are some of the new rules and standards. Tell the truth. Have you ever copied someone else's work on an exam? If you have, then don't do it again! That's not something an honest student should do. If you have played computer games for two hours in your room. don't tell your parents you were doing homework. Learn to work together with others. It would be more fun when more people work together. Did you fight with your teammates when your basketball team lost? Only working together can make your team stronger. Be friendly to the people you are with. Try to think of others, instead of only yourself. Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon? Perhaps you'll discover Earth Ⅱ someday. Don't look down on new ideas. Everyone's ideas are important. You should welcome them, because new ideas make life better for everyone. Use the Internet carefully. Some websites on the Internet aren't for kids, so make sure to visit the web pages that are good for you. You can visit the websites for fun or homework. Can't you find any good websites for children? 1．How many new rules and standards are mentioned in the passage? 2．Should we learn to work together with others? 3．Why should we welcome the new ideas? 4．What kind of web pages should we visit? 5．Who can be the best students according to the new standards? 【答案】1．Four 2．Yes, we should 3．Because new ideas make life better for everyone 4．We should visit the web pages that are good for us. 5．The students who is open to new ideas. 【分析】本篇文章难度适中，主要介绍新的《中学生行为规范》的内容。 1．细节理解题。根据Here are some of the new rules and standards以及Tell the truth、Learn to work together with others、Be open to new ideas以及Use the Internet carefully可知，文章中提到了四条：说实话、合作、接受新观念以及小心使用网络。故填Four。 2．细节理解题。根据Learn to work together with others. It would be more fun when more people work together可知，学会与他人合作。当有更多的人在一起工作时会更有趣，所以我们应该学习与他人合作，故填Yes, we should。 3．细节理解题。根据Everyone's ideas are important. You should welcome them, because new ideas make life better for everyone可知，每个人的主意都很重要，你应该欢迎他们，因为新主意能让每个人的生活变得更好。故填Because new ideas make life better for everyone。 4．细节理解题。根据Some websites on the Internet aren't for kids, so make sure to visit the web pages that are good for you可知，一些网站不适合孩子，所以确保访问那些适合你的网站，所以要访问那些对你有好处的网站，故填We should visit the web pages that are good for us。 5．开放性试题。根据Tell the truth、Learn to work together with others、Be open to new ideas以及Use the Internet carefully可知，文章中提到了四条：说实话、合作、接受新观念以及小心使用网络。只要取其中的一点回答即可。参考答案：The students who is open to new ideas。 【点睛】问答型阅读理解做题方法： （1）快速通读课文，掌握文章大意。 浏览完题目后，带着问题快速通读全文，对文章的大意有一个初步的了解，同时找到文章中的关键句，并确定第二遍细读的重点部分，对于不影响理解和做题的部分可以一带而过，更不必在个别词上花时间。 （2）提取有效信息，根据题目要求进行改写。 在速度短文后，再回头看题后的问题。这时，能一锤定音的答案就先写好，不能马上确定的答案，根据第一遍速读时的印象到原文中找相关的信息，再进行推敲。尽管有相当的一部分题在原文中能找到答案，不需要推敲，但是大多数还是需要大家进行改写和重组的。 （3）仔细推敲，认真复查 做完题目后，要立足整体，将完成后的句子再通读一遍，看看所改写的句子是否流畅，语句是否通顺。同时还要照顾原文，看看答案是否与原文意义相符，时态一致。确保答案正确，大小写无误，语法正确，逻辑合理。 09 （2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模） We all know bad behaviors can be controlled by rules. They are especially useful in public places. Public places are different from private places. People should learn to be in control of themselves. These bad behaviors not only influence others but also make the environment terrible. In that case, the society will be in bad order. Some behaviors can badly influence people in a public place. For example, when all the students are doing their homework or reviewing quietly, the sound of loud talking can break the quietness. Some people don’t pay attention to protecting the environment. They smoke and throw rubbish everywhere. The public environment will be awful if the rules aren’t set in time. The people who break the rules should be punished. In my opinion, following rules in public places is necessary. Please remember, wherever we are, try to think about others’ feelings instead of just acting in the way we like. 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 1．What can control bad behaviors? ______________________________________________ 2．If people don’t learn to control themselves in public places, will the society be in good order? ________________________________________________ 3．Why isn’t loud talking allowed when all the students are doing their homework quietly? ________________________________________________ 4．What will happen to the people who break the rules? ___________________________________________________ 5．If you are in the library, will you talk on the phone loudly? Why? ___________________________________________________ 【答案】1．Rules. 2．No. 3．Because it can/will break the quietness. 4．They should be punished. 5．No, because it can/will break the quietness.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可） 【导语】本文讲述了公共场所遵守规则是必要的。 1．根据“We all know bad behaviors can be controlled by rules.”可知，不良行为可以通过规则来控制。故填Rules. 2．根据“These bad behaviors not only influence others but also make the environment terrible. In that case, the society will be in bad order.”可知，如果人们在公共场所不学会控制自己，社会不会有良好的秩序。故填No. 3．根据“For example, when all the students are doing their homework or reviewing quietly, the sound of loud talking can break the quietness.”可知，因为会打破宁静。故填Because it can/will break the quietness. 4．根据“The people who break the rules should be punished.”可知，违反规则的人应该受到惩罚。故填They should be punished. 5．结合全文可知，本文讲述了公共场所遵守规则是必要的。如果我在图书馆，我不会大声打电话，因为会打破宁静。故填No, because it can/will break the quietness.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可） 10 （2023·重庆九龙坡·一模） Many of you have probably had this experience: You get on a train and are ready to have a rest or read a book, but you find that the passenger in front of you is watching a TV show on his tablet without headphones. The child next to you won’t stop crying. And the old lady behind you talks on her phone during the whole trip. Wish the train could be less noisy? There might be a solution for you. The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, one of China’s busiest high-speed rail lines, will have “quiet” carriages（车厢）starting from Dec 23, Xinhua reported. In quiet carriages, onboard videos will be muted（静音）and announcements will be made at a lower volume. Doors at the ends of the carriages will be kept closed to reduce noise from other carriages, CGTN noted. Train attendants（乘务员）will be responsible for making sure that passengers remain quiet and follow the rules. Passengers who are willing to follow the rules can choose the quiet carriages when booking their tickets, according to China’s national railway operator. Some people have pointed out that this kind of quiet environment should be offered in all carriages. They say that having quiet carriages might give people the impression that they don’t need to be quiet in non-quiet carriages. While some Internet users are in support of the new service, others have some doubts about it. For example, they have raised questions such as “What if I snore（打呼噜）?” and “Can we talk to our friends if we need to?” Will these kinds of noises be allowed on the train? 1．Can announcements be made in quiet carriages? _________________________________________ 2．What will train attendants do in quiet carriages? __________________________________________ 3．Why do some Internet users have doubts about the new service? __________________________________________ 4．Would you like to choose quiet carriages when you take the train? Why or why not? ___________________________________________ 【答案】1．Yes. 2．Train attendants will be responsible for making sure that passengers remain quiet and follow the rules. 3．Because the rules on the train are not clear enough. 4．Yes. Because I enjoy sleeping. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在乘火车时，火车上总是很吵闹，针对这一现象，京沪高铁制定了一些政策，文中介绍了一些人对于这项政策的不同的观点。 1．推理判断题。根据“In quiet carriages, onboard videos will be muted（静音）and announcements will be made at a lower volume.”可知，在安静的车厢里，车上的视频将被静音，并以较低的音量发布公告。可见，公告可以在安静车厢里发布。故填Yes. 2．细节理解题。根据“Train attendants（乘务员）will be responsible for making sure that passengers remain quiet and follow the rules.”可知，列车乘务员将负责确保乘客保持安静并遵守规则。故填Train attendants will be responsible for making sure that passengers remain quiet and follow the rules. 3．细节推理题。根据“While some Internet users are in support of the new service, others have some doubts about it. For example, they have raised questions such as ‘What if I snore（打呼噜）?’ and ‘Can we talk to our friends if we need to?’ Will these kinds of noises be allowed on the train?”可知，虽然一些网民支持这项新服务，但也有一些人对此表示怀疑。例如，他们提出了诸如“如果我打鼾怎么办？”和“如果需要，我们可以和朋友谈谈吗？”火车上会允许发出这种噪音吗？可知，他们有疑惑是因为火车上的规则不够明确。故填Because the rules on the train are not clear enough. 4．开放性题型。结合自己的实际情况进行作答即可，我坐火车时会选择安静的车厢，因为我喜欢睡觉。故填Yes. Because I enjoy sleeping. ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $