内容正文:
Unit 2 No Rules, No Order 语法--can’t can must mustn’t have to辨析专项练 2025-2026学年下学期初中英语人教版(2024)七年级下册
一、选词填空
用can,have to/must,can’t/mustn’t完成句子。
1.We make noise in the library, because it’s a quiet place.
2.I finish my homework before I watch TV.
3.I borrowed my sister’s book, so I buy one.
4.Lily take care of her younger brother after school today.
5.We bring food into the classroom, but we eat in the canteen.
用方框中所给词或词组完成句子,每词和词组限用一次。
can’t can must mustn’t have to
6.Please pass me my glasses. I see the words clearly.
7.On Monday morning, students wear school uniform.
8.The parrot is very cute and she speak some Chinese.
9.The fridge (冰箱) is full of food, so you don’t go shopping.
10.You speak loudly (大声地) in the library.
用适当的情态动词填空。(can, must, may, should, need, have to, would)
11.Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you .
12. I use your car? Yes, you .
13. I go home now? No, you stay here.
14.My mother is ill. I stay at home and look after her.
15. you like some tea?
16.You take more exercise.
17. you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park?
18.You finish your homework first.
二、单项选择
19.—Must I give up smoking, doctor?
—For your health, you ________.
A.should B.must C.need to D.have to
20.—Hurry up, Jack! The bus is coming.
—Wait a minute! You ________ cross the street until the traffic lights are green.
A.need B.needn’t C.must D.mustn’t
21.You ______ cross the road when the traffic lights are red.
A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t
22.For your safety, you ________ wear a helmet when you go cycling on the road.
A.can B.must C.need D.may
23.— Don’t cross the road! You ________ wait for the green light!
—OK. I will be careful.
A.need B.may C.can D.must
24.—Could you go to the bookshop with me?
—Sorry, I _________. I have to go home right after school.
A.may B.must C.can’t D.needn’t
25.I think you ________ explain to her, but you ________ mention the secret we discussed.
A.should; mustn’t B.can; needn’t
C.should; needn’t D.can; mustn’t
26.Don’t go out to play. You _______ finish your homework first.
A.mustn’t B.have to C.had D.had to
27.—Do you ________ clean the classroom every day?
—Yes. We usually clean it after class.
A.have to B.has to C.must D.can
28.Visitors ________ sign in at the front desk for safety reasons before entering the building.
A.must B.might C.can D.may
29.—Alex, come down to play football.
—I can’t. Mom said I ________ clean my bedroom before doing anything else.
A.had to B.will C.used to D.can
30.—Miss Li. I don’t want to say sorry to Daniel.
—I’m afraid you ________. After all, you broke his glasses.
A.may B.have to C.mustn’t D.needn’t
31.We ________ listen to music at school, but we ________ listen to it in the music room.
A.can; can B.have to; have to C.have to; can D.can; have to
32.—Must I answer this question in English?
—No, you ______.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.couldn’t
33.—Can I use your computer, Lily?
—Of course, you ________.
A.can B.must C.need D.should
三、合作探究
Lily(外国交流生)和Xiao Ming正在讨论校园场所的规则。
1)请用can、have to/must、can’t/mustn’t补全对话:
Lily: Hi Xiao Ming, I’m a bit confused about the rules here. ____34____ we bring our backpacks into the library?
Xiao Ming: No, we ____35____. We ____36____ leave them in the locker outside.
Lily: Got it. What about eating in the dining hall? ____37____ we use our own bowls?
Xiao Ming: Yes, we ____38____. Also, we ____39____ wash them after eating.
Lily: And in the classroom, ____40____ we use mobile phones during breaks?
Xiao Ming: Yes, we ____41____, but we ____42____ talk loudly—others might want to rest.
Lily: Thanks for explaining! These rules make sense.
2)回答问题:Why do these places have such rules?
____________________43____________________
整理Xiao Ming介绍的场所规则:
Places
Rules
Library
Can’t bring backpacks; have to leave them in lockers.
Dining hall
Have to use own bowls; have to wash them after eating.
Classroom
Can use phones during breaks; can’t talk loudly.
1)模仿对话,谈论“公园”的规则(示例框架):
A: Hi, do you know the rules in the park?
B: Sure. What do you want to know?
A: ____44____ we pick flowers there?
B: No, we ____45____. We ____46____ protect the plants.
A: Got it. ____47____ we have a picnic on the grass?
B: Yes, we ____48____, but we ____49____ litter—we have to take the trash away.
3)你的对话创作:
A: ____________________50____________________
B: ____________________51____________________
A: ____________________52____________________
B: ____________________53____________________
A: ____________________54____________________
B: ____________________55____________________
A: ____________________56____________________
B: ____________________57____________________
四、任务型阅读
一、阅读语篇,用can、have to/must、can’t/mustn’t帮David补全校园规则笔记:
When I visited the school today, I learned a lot of rules. In the computer room, we 58 touch the equipment with wet hands—it’s dangerous. We 59 ask the teacher for help if something goes wrong. In the playground, we 60 run around when there are too many people, or we might get hurt. We 61 take turns using the sports equipment. After school, we 62 leave the classroom until we finish cleaning the desks and chairs. I think these rules are helpful—they keep everyone safe and the school tidy.
思考问题:
From David’s notes, why are rules important in a school?
63
参考答案
题号
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
答案
D
D
A
B
D
C
A
B
A
A
题号
29
30
31
32
33
答案
A
B
D
B
A
1.can’t/mustn’t 2.have to/must 3.don’t have to 4.has to 5. can’t/mustn’t can
1.句意:图书馆是安静的地方,不能制造噪音。根据“We…make noise in the library, because it’s a quiet place.”可知,此处说的是不能制造噪音或者不应该制造噪音,应填can’t/mustn’t,表示“不能/不应该”,故填can’t/mustn’t。
2.句意:在看电视之前必须完成作业。根据“I…finish my homework before I watch TV.”可知,此处说的是必须完成作业,应填have to/must,表示“必须”。故填have to/must。
3.句意:借了姐姐的书,所以不必买一本。根据“I borrowed my sister’s book, so I…buy one.”可知,此处说的是不必买一本,应填don’t have to,表示“不必”,故填don’t have to。
4.句意:莉莉今天放学后不得不照顾她弟弟。根据“Lily…take care of her younger brother after school today.”可知,此处说的是不得不照顾她弟弟,应填have to强调客观上不得不做,主语Lily是第三人称单数,用has to,故填has to。
5.句意:不能把食物带进教室,但可以在食堂吃。根据“We…bring food into the classroom, but we…eat in the canteen.”可知,此处说的是不能把食物带进教室,但可以在食堂吃,第一空应填can’t/mustn’t,表示“不能/不应该”,而第二空应填can,表示“可以”,故填can’t/mustn’t; can。
6.can’t 7.must 8.can 9.have to 10.mustn’t
6.句意:请把眼镜递给我。我看不清那些字。根据“Please pass me my glasses.”并结合备选词汇可知,应是不能看清字,所以需要眼镜,can’t“不能”符合。故填can’t。
7.句意:星期一早上,学生必须穿校服。根据“On Monday morning, students…wear school uniform.”的语境并结合备选词汇可知,此处强调规定,must“必须”符合。故填must。
8.句意:这只鹦鹉很可爱,她会说一些中文。根据“she…speak some Chinese”的语境并结合备选词汇可知,此处表示能力,can“能”符合。故填can。
9.句意:冰箱里装满了食物,所以你不必去购物。根据“The fridge (冰箱) is full of food”并结合备选词汇可知,冰箱里装满了食物,所以应是不必去购物,have to“必须”符合。故填have to。
10.句意:在图书馆里你禁止大声说话。根据“You …speak loudly (大声地) in the library.”的语境并结合备选词汇可知,此处表示禁止做的事情,mustn’t“禁止”。故填mustn’t。
11.needn’t 12. Can/May can 13. Can should 14.have to 15.Would 16.should 17.Can 18.must
11.句意:我必须用身份证借书吗?不,你不必。问句是“Must”开头的一般疑问句,其否定回答用needn’t,表示“不必”。故填needn’t。
12.句意:我能用你的车吗?是的,可以。根据“I use your car?”可知,空一处表示征求许可,用can/may开头的一般疑问句,其肯定回答用can。故填Can/May;can。
13.句意:我现在可以回家吗?不,你应该待在这里。空一处表示请求,用Can;根据“you ... stay here”可知,空二处表示应该待在这里,用should表示。故填Can;should。
14.句意:我妈妈病了,我不得不留在家里照顾她。根据“My mother is ill.”可知,此处表示客观上不得不待在家里,用have to。故填have to。
15.句意:你想喝点茶吗?根据“you like some tea”可知,此处表委婉提议,用would。故填Would。
16.句意:你应该多锻炼。根据“take more exercise.”可知,此处表示建议,用should。故填should。
17.句意:你能告诉我怎么去青云公园吗?此处表示是否有能力告知信息,用can表示。故填Can。
18.句意:你必须先完成作业。根据“finish your homework first.”可知,此处表示强烈的要求,用must表示“必须”。故填must。
19.D
句意:——医生,我必须戒掉抽烟吗?——为了你的健康,你不得不。
考查情态动词have to的用法。should应该;must必须;need to需要;have to不得不,必须。根据“Must I give up smoking, doctor?”可知,问话人其实不太想戒烟,结合空前的“For your health”可知,医生说的是:为了你的健康,你必须得戒烟。must和have to都可以表达必须,但must强调主观上认为必须做某事,而have to强调客观环境所迫必须做某事,所以,此处have to符合题意。故选D。
20.D
句意:——快点儿,杰克!公交车要来了。——等一会儿!你必须等到交通灯变绿才能过马路。
考查情态动词。need需要;needn’t不必;must必须,一定;mustn’t不得,禁止。根据“You...cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.”可知是指等到交通灯变绿才能过马路,此处表示禁止,用mustn’t。故选D。
21.A
句意:当交通灯是红色时,你不能过马路。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;shouldn’t不应该;needn’t不需要;wouldn’t不会。根据“when the traffic lights are red.”可知,交通信号灯是红灯时,禁止穿过马路,应用mustn’t。故选A。
22.B
句意:为了你的安全,你在路上骑自行车时必须戴头盔。
考查情态动词。can能;must必须;need需要;may可能。根据“wear a helmet when you go cycling on the road.”可知在路上骑自行车时必须戴头盔。故选B。
23.D
句意:——不要过马路!你必须等绿灯亮了!——好的。我会小心。
考查情态动词。need需要;may可能;can可以;must必须。根据“Don’t cross the road! You…wait for the green light!”和常识可知,必须等绿灯亮了才能过马路。故选D。
24.C
句意:——你能和我一起去书店吗?——对不起,我不能。我必须放学后马上回家。
考查情态动词辨析。may可能;must必须;can’t不可以;needn’t不需要。根据“Could you go to the bookshop with me?”和“Sorry”可知此处could表示委婉语气,否定回答应用can’t。故选C。
25.A
句意:我认为你应该向她解释,但你绝对不能提及我们讨论过的秘密。
考查情态动词辨析。should应该,用于提出合理的建议;mustn’t绝对不能,表禁止;can可以,能够;needn’t不必,没必要。根据句意可知,第一空表示提出建议,应该用should,表示应该向她解释;第二空表示绝对不能提及秘密,用mustn’t。故选A。
26.B
句意:不要出去玩。你必须先完成你的作业。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;have to不得不,必须;had有;had to必须。根据“Don’t go out to play. You ... finish your homework first.”可知,此处指必须要先完成作业,且此处是现在的情况。故选B。
27.A
句意:——你必须每天打扫教室吗?——是的。我们通常在课后打扫它。
考查动词辨析。have to不得不,必须;has to动词三单形式;must必须;can能够。Do是助动词,位于句首构成一般疑问句,所以这里不能用must或can,因为这两者构成一般疑问句都是放在Do的位置;Do是助动词,后跟动词原形。故选A。
28.A
句意:出于安全原因,访客在进入大楼前必须在前台签到。
考查情态动词的用法。must 必须;might 可能;can 能够,可以;may 可以,可能。must意为“必须”,强调出于规定、要求或必要性等,在这里是说因为安全方面的原因,访客有义务和必要在前台签到,这是一种强制要求;另外根据空后“for safety reasons”可知,此处也强调规定和必要性,所以用must最合适。故填A。
29.A
句意:——Alex,下来踢足球吧。——我不能去。妈妈说我在做其他事情之前必须先打扫我的卧室。
考查动词辨析。had to不得不;will将;used to do过去常常做某事;can能够。根据“Mom said I… clean my bedroom before doing anything else”可知,妈妈要求做其他事情之前必须先打扫卧室,故选A。
30.B
句意:——李小姐。我不想向丹尼尔道歉。——恐怕你必须这么做。毕竟,你打破碎了他的眼镜。
考查情态动词。may可能;have to必须;mustn’t禁止;needn’t不需要。根据“After all, you broke his glasses.”可知对方必须要向丹尼尔道歉,故选B。
31.D
句意:我们可以在学校听音乐,但我们必须在音乐室听。
考查动词辨析。can能够;have to必须。根据“We...listen to music at school, but we...listen to it in the music room.”可知,此处指在学校可以听音乐,但是必须在音乐室听。故选D。
32.B
句意:——我必须用英语回答这个问题吗?——不,你不必。
考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止;needn’t不必;can’t不能;couldn’t不能。根据“Must I …”及答句“No”可知,以must开头的一般疑问句否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。故选B。
33.A
句意:——莉莉,我能用一下你的电脑吗? ——当然可以。
考查情态动词。 can可以;must必须;need需要;should应该。根据“Can I use your computer, Lily?”可知,此处请求允许使用她的电脑,肯定句回答,表示可以使用,因此用情态动词can。故选A。
34.Can 35.can’t 36.have to/must 37.Can 38.can 39.have to/must 40.Can 41.can 42.can’t/mustn’t 43.To keep order and ensure everyone has a comfortable, safe environment in these places. 44.Can 45.can’t/mustn’t 46.have to/must 47.Can 48.can 49.can’t/mustn’t 50.Hi, do you know the rules in the park? 51.Sure. What do you want to know? 52.Can we pick flowers there? 53.No, we can’t. We have to protect the plants. 54.Got it. Can we have a picnic on the grass? 55.Yes, we can, but we can’t litter—we have to take the trash away. 56.What about walking dogs? Can we let them run freely? 57.No, we can’t. We have to keep them on leashes.
34.根据“Can’t bring backpacks”以及“we bring our backpacks into the library?”可知,此处询问是否可以把背包带进图书馆,Can符合。故填Can。
35.根据“Can’t bring backpacks”可知,此处为否定回答。故填can’t。
36.根据“have to leave them in lockers”可知,此处指必须把它们放在储物柜里,have to/must符合。故填have to/must。
37.根据“we use our own bowls?”以及讨论校园场所的规则可知,此处询问是否能使用自己的碗,Can符合。故填Can。
38.根据“Have to use own bowls”可知,此处为肯定回答。故填can。
39.根据“have to wash them after eating”可知,饭后必须洗碗,have to/must符合。故填have to/must。
40.根据“we use mobile phones during breaks?”以及讨论校园场所的规则可知,选项询问是否在休息时使用手机,Can符合。故填Can。
41.根据“Can use phones during breaks”可知,此处为肯定回答。故填can。
42.根据“can’t talk loudly”可知,此处指禁止大声交谈。故填can’t/mustn’t。
43.根据“Why do these places have such rules?”可知,此处回答这些地方会有这样的规定的原因,如:维持秩序,确保每个人在这些地方都能享受到舒适、安全的环境。故填To keep order and ensure everyone has a comfortable, safe environment in these places.
44.根据“…we pick flowers there?”以及谈论“公园”的规则情景可知,此处询问是否能摘花。故填Can。
45.根据“No”可知,此处为否定回答。故填can’t/mustn’t。
46.根据“…protect the plants”可知,此处指必须要保护植物,have to/must符合。故填have to/must。
47.根据“we have a picnic on the grass?”以及谈论“公园”的规则情景可知,此处询问是否能在草上野餐。故填Can。
48.根据“Yes”可知,此处为肯定回答。故填can。
49.根据“we have to take the trash away”可知,不能/禁止乱扔垃圾。故填can’t/mustn’t。
50.根据“Hi, do you know the rules in the park?”可知,此处询问对方是否知道“公园”的规则。故填Hi, do you know the rules in the park?
51.根据“Sure. What do you want to know?”可知,此处表示肯定并询问对方想知道什么内容。故填Sure. What do you want to know?
52.根据“…we pick flowers there?”可知,此处询问是否能摘花。故填Can we pick flowers there?
53.根据“No, we …We …protect the plants.”可知,此处为否定回答,并阐述必须要保护植物。故填No, we can’t. We have to protect the plants.
54.根据“Got it…we have a picnic on the grass?”可知,此处询问是否能在草上野餐。故填Got it. Can we have a picnic on the grass?
55.根据“Yes, we …but we…litter—we have to take the trash away.”可知,此处为肯定回答,并表明不能/禁止乱扔垃圾。故填Yes, we can, but we can’t litter—we have to take the trash away.
56.此处继续询问“公园”的规则,如是关于遛狗以及让狗自由地跑。故填What about walking dogs? Can we let them run freely?
57.根据常识可知,不能让狗自由地跑,应该栓绳。故填No, we can’t. We have to keep them on leashes.
58.can’t/mustn’t 59.have to/must 60.can’t/mustn’t 61.have to/must 62.can’t 63.Rules are important because they keep students safe (e.g., no wet hands on equipment), maintain order (e.g., take turns with sports gear), and keep the school clean and tidy (e.g., clean desks before leaving).
58.句意:在电脑室,我们不能/禁止用湿的手触摸设备 —— 这很危险。根据“…touch the equipment with wet hands—it’s dangerous”可知,此处强调不允许做的危险行为,can’t/mustn’t符合。故填can’t/mustn’t。
59.句意:如果出了问题,我们必须向老师求助。根据“We …… ask the teacher for help if something goes wrong.”可知,出了问题,应是必须向老师求助,have to/must符合。故填have to/must。
60.句意:在运动场人多的时候,我们不能/禁止乱跑,否则可能会受伤。根据“run around when there are too many people, or we might get hurt”可知,乱跑可能会受伤,应是不允许做的危险行为,can’t/mustn’t符合。故填can’t/mustn’t。
61.句意:我们必须轮流使用体育器材。根据“We …take turns using the sports equipment.”可知,此处指义务或客观要求,have to/must符合。故填have to/must。
62.句意: 放学后,我们只有在清理完桌椅后才能离开教室。根据“After school, we…leave the classroom until we finish cleaning the desks and chairs.”可知,此处指只有在清理完桌椅后才能离开教室,can’t表示“不能”,和until连用。故填can’t。
63.开放性试题,言之有理即可,参考答案:Rules are important because they keep students safe (e.g., no wet hands on equipment), maintain order (e.g., take turns with sports gear), and keep the school clean and tidy (e.g., clean desks before leaving).
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