Unit4 Scientists who changed the world 一轮复习要点导学案-2026届高考英语译林版必修第三册

必修第三册 Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 课前预习·教材回顾 课文回顾 Thanks to Tu Youyou's standout discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of 1. (survive). 2. (bear) in 1930, Tu studied medicine at university in Beijing. In the 1960s, many people were dying 3. mularia, and in 1969 Tu became head of a team with the 4. (intend) of finding a cure for the disease. When they failed to produce any 5. (science) results, Tu 6. （查阅）the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again. After 190 failures, the efforts of Tu and her team finally 7. （成功）.She made qinghao extract to treat malaria in mice. However, it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because of two problems. One was that research resources were 8. (limit) and the other was that they didn't have sufficient safety data. It was not until the 1970s 9. Tu discovered qinghaosu with a bang, 10. is now a key part of many malaria medicines. 课堂互动·词句精讲 1. intend vt.&vi.想要，计划；意指 单句语法填空 ① The GPNP is (intend) to provide stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range. ② Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping (intend) clear. ③ Originally, we (intend) to go to Italy, but then we won the trip to Greece. 点拨 （1)intend sb.to do sth．打算让某人做某事 intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事，计划做某事 had intended to do sth.本打算做某事（实际上未做） （2)intended adj．打算的；计划的 be intended for为······设计／打算的 be intended to do sth.为做某事而设计的；旨在做某事 （3)intention n．打算；目的；意图 with the intention of 打算······ 写作微练 完成句子 ④这个男人打算让他的儿子将来当医生。 The man a doctor in the future. ⑤我本打算这个周末和你一起出去，但发生了一些意外的事。所以我写信向你道歉。（书面表达之道歉信） this weekend but something unexpected happened. So I'm writing to make an apology to you. 2. refer to 查阅，参考；提到，谈及，指的是；涉及 单句语法填空 ① Mr. Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural (refer). ② Mary referred to him a dear friend. 点拨 （1)refer to...as..．把······称作······ （2)reference n．提及；谈到；参考书目；参考 make(a)reference to谈及，提及 in/with reference to 关于 for reference 以备查阅；以供参考 写作微练 句型转换／完成句子 ③The man who was referred to in the report was from a developed country. →The man was from a developed country.（用非谓语动词改写） ④关于你询问的价格，那部电影的票价是每张35元。 , the tickets for the film are 35 yuan each. 3. beneficial adj．有益的，有用的 单句语法填空 ① The overall effects of the publicity have been more (benefit) than harmful. ② The students benefitting most college are those who are totally engaged in（参与）academic life. ③ This is an agreement which is great benefit to both parties. 点拨 （1)be beneficial to/for 对······有益，对······有用 （2)benefit v．对······有用，使受益；得益 n．益处 benefit from/by得益于，受益于 be of benefit to 对······有利 for sb.'s benefit=for the benefit of sb.为了某人的利益 写作微练 一句多译 ④这项新政策会使当地村民受益。 →The new policy will (benefit vt.) →The new policy will the local villagers.(beneficial) →The new policy will the local villagers.(benefit n.) →The local villagers will the new policy.(benefit vi.) 4. surround vt．围绕，环绕；包围；与······紧密相关 单句语法填空 ① The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which (surround) by a high wire fence. ② There are a lot of fans (surround) the young star over there. ③ Why did the hikers take no notice of the (surround) during the journey? 点拨 （1) surround...with..．用······环绕／包围······ be surrounded with/by...被······包围 （2) surrounding adj．附近的，周围的 （3) surroundings n．环境，周围的事物 in pleasant surroundings 在愉快的环境中 写作微练 句型转换 ④ The traveler was astonished to find that he was being surrounded by some animals. →The traveler was astonished to find himself .（用非谓语动词改写） ⑤ Because this forest is surrounded by the clear waters, it can provide visitors with a wonderful chance to see endangered birds in the wild. → ,this forest can provide visitors with a wonderful chance to see endangered birds in the wild.（用过去分词短语作状语改写） 5. favour/favor vt．较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n．帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒 单句语法填空 ① Rubens' paintings are my (favour) ② A mother must not show favour one of her children. ③ They decided to postpone the trip until the conditions were more (favour). 点拨 （1)ask(sb.)a favour 请（某人）帮个忙 do sb.a favour 帮某人一个忙 in favour of 赞同，支持 show favour to...偏袒······ （2)favourable adj．赞成的；有利的；给人好印象的 （3)favourite adj．特别受喜爱的 n．特别喜爱的人（或事物） 写作微练 完成句子 ④你能帮我一个忙并告诉凯特我需要足够的数据吗？ Can you and tell Kate I need sufficient data? ⑤英语是我最喜欢的学科，我曾在英语竞赛获得多个奖项，所以我认为自己能胜任这个职位。（书面表达之申请信） and I've won several prizes in English contests. So I think that I'm qualified for the position. 6. charge vt.&vi．充电；收费；控告；谴责；使····承担责任；使充满 n.收费；控告；谴责；掌管 单句语法填空 ①He was charged stealing a car last week. ②He charged me 50 yuan repairing the mobile phone. ③Before use, the battery must (charge). 点拨 （1)charge sb. some money for (doing) sth．就（做）某事向某人收多少钱 charge sb: with (doing) sth.=accuse sb. of (doing) sth.因（做）某事而谴责／控告某人 charge for sth.收······费 （2)in charge of 负责／掌管（表状态） in the charge of 由······负责／掌管 take charge of 负责／掌管（表动作） free of charge=for free 免费 写作微练 一句多译／完成句子 ④据说一个年轻女孩正掌管着这家公司。 →It is said that a young girl is the company. →It is said that the company is a young girl. ⑤ 你更换的卡将会被免费制作。 Your replacement card 7.involve vt．包含；牵涉，影响；（使）参加 单句语法填空 ① The more people are (involve), the better the ocean environment is. ② The test will involve (answer) some questions about a photo. ③ She was deeply involved the local hospital. 点拨 （1)involve sb. in sth．把某人牵涉到某事里；让某人参与某事 involve doing...包含做······ （2)involved adj．参与；作为一部分；有关联；耗费很多时间；关注 be/get involved in 参与······ be/get involved with/in 专注于······ 注意 involved表示“有关的”时，通常作后置定语。 写作微练 句型转换／完成句子 ④As he was involved in the boring talk, he was a little annoyed. → , he was a little annoyed.（用非谓语动词改写） ⑤你本不该把他牵涉进你们的争吵。 You shouldn't have your argument. 8. apply vt.&vi．应用；申请；涂；有关；适用；专心致志 单句语法填空 ① We should learn to apply what we learn in class our future professions. ② However, technology is also the (apply) of scientific knowledge to solve a problem. ③ All these (apply) filled in the form seriously. ④ After graduation, I planned to apply a job in the local company. 点拨 （1) apply to do sth．申请做某事 apply to sth.适用于某事 apply for sth.申请某物 apply sth. to sth.把······应用于······；把······涂在······上 apply oneself to (doing) sth.致力于（做）某事 （2)application n．申请（书）；应用 （3)applicant n．申请人 写作微练 完成句子 ⑤在接下来的几个月里，他致力于改进这项技术。 Over the next few months, he the technique. ⑥我写信申请你们在昨天的报纸上提供的职位。（书面表达之申请信） you offered in yesterday's newspaper. 9. permit vt.&vi．允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n.许可证 单句语法填空 ① The rules of the club don't permit (smoke). ② Weather (permit),we will go out for a walk at lunchtime. ③ You can't camp here without (permit). 点拨 （1)permit sb.to do sth．允许某人做某事 permit doing sth. 允许做某事 weather/time permitting 天气／时间允许的话 （2)permission n．允许；许可；同意 ask permission for... 请求对······的许可 without permission 未经允许 写作微练 完成句子 ④现在不允许任何人进入这座楼房。 No one into the building at present. 10. put forward 提出，提议，建议；推荐；往前拨（钟表指针）；将……提前 单句语法填空 ① She put a picture standing for love on the board. ② Let me put her address so that I can get in touch with her. ③ He has been put as the best man for the job. 点拨 put up 张贴；举起；搭建；留宿 put off 推迟，延期 put on 穿上，戴上；上演 put out 熄灭，扑灭 put up with 忍受 put down 写下，记下；放下；镇压 写作微练 完成句子 ④我的表慢了，所以我把它往前拨了拨。 My watch was slow, ⑤温暖的天气使收割提前了。 The warm weather has . 【常用句型】 However, it was not until the 1970s that Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu, after many failed experiments．然而，直到20世纪70年代，唐呦呦才在多次实验失败之后成功发现了青蒿素。 句型公式：It is/was...that... 解读 本句中的it was not until the 1970s that..．是强调句型。 （1）强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分，that/who＋其他部分（若被强调的是人，可用that或who，其他一律用that）。 注意 本句型不能用于强调谓语；如要强调谓语，可在动词前加do、does或did。 （2）强调句型的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...？ （3）强调句型的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was it +that...? （4）对 not...until..．进行强调时的结构：It is/was not until...+that＋其他部分。 写作微练 句型转换／完成句子 ①He didn't meet the girl he would like to marry until he came back from Africa that year. → he met the girl he would like to marry.（改为强调句） ②He made a mistake at work. As a consequence, he lost his position. →He at work. As a consequence, he lost his position.（改为对谓语的强调） ③正是当我回到公寓时，我第一次偶然遇见了他。 It was that I first came across him. ④为什么不允许在这儿吸烟？ smoking is not allowed here? 巩固训练·即时反馈 一、词汇训练 搭配训练 1.I'm favour of your opinion that we should donate the food and tents to the people in disaster areas without delay. 2.Obviously, the book published last month is intended the disabled children. 3.Serving is beneficial your community, but you get a lot out of volunteering, as well. 4.He was charged setting up an illegal organization and was sent to prison. 5.Eighteen people from all over the world are involved the competition. 6.The village surrounded water is difficult to get in. 一词多义 1.I knew the lady was referring to Bill when she spoke of a bright young man. 2.Why not refer to a dictionary to check the spelling of the word? 3.The scientist referred to global warming at least three times in his speech. 词形变换 1. It also listed her (favor) sports and activities, and provided her phone number. 2. She says she's not ready for (marry). 3. These stories can relieve my stress and (broad) my horizons. 4. Many people in China have (limit) exposure to English. 5. Officials point out that merely to circulate such messages without (permit) is illegal. 6. We are so fond of our high (intelligent) that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be better. 7. The famous star was enjoying the pleasant (surround) when he was recognized. 8. Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also (responsibility)for those outcomes, too. 短语串烧 When he was young, he was interested in traditional Chinese medicine, 1. （打算成为）a famous doctor.2． （碰巧）some villagers developed a deadly disease and he 3. （参考）some ancient books and cured them by 4. （利用）some herbs 5. （通过反复试验）.Their survival encouraged him and he began to do more scientific experiments beneficial to the villagers' health. Ten years later, his efforts 6. （得到了回报）!He also wrote a nicely illustrated book and had it published, permitting those who were ignorant of traditional Chinese medicine to learn a lot. After some research, he 7. （提出）a new theory 8． （关于）how to deal with some deadly diseases. His theory now applies to many other diseases. 二、句型训练 1．该税于2016年4月首次被宣布，旨在减少儿童肥胖。（过去分词短语作状语） in April,2016, the tax was aimed at reducing childhood obesity. 2．正是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念能够让不寻常的事情发生。（强调句型） could make something unusual happen. 3．如果你早点儿到那儿，你就会遇到李先生了。（虚拟语气） If you had got there earlier, you Mr.Li. 4．她的作品很有感染力。这不是因为她的论据的质量，而是因为她的文笔优美。(not...but...) Her works are infectious. This is the quality of her arguments, the beauty of her writing. 三、写作提能 （活动计划-学校生活）假设你是李华，你的学校要举办科学节。请根据以下要点用英语写一篇短文来介绍该活动： 1．科学节的主题：怎样保护环境； 2．地点：学校大厅； 3．届时有著名科学家出席，会展示很多有趣的实验，参加者会从中获益。 The Science Festival,1. （它的主题是怎样保护环境）,will take place in our school hall next Saturday. There will be some famous scientists 2. （出席这个活动）,who will introduce some knowledge about protecting the environment.3. (此外）,they will show some interesting experiments. Each class 4. （有机会）to conduct an experiment, from which the students will learn a lot. The Science Festival will 5. （鼓舞更多学生）to get interested in science and work hard at it. 【读后续写点对典】 情绪描写之“惊讶” 语料积累 语料运用 shock n.震惊；惊愕 vt.使震惊 astonished/surprised adj.吃惊的 1．我觉察出他眼中有一丝震惊。 a flash of surprise 一丝震惊 in surprise 吃惊地 2．听到那个消息，她惊讶地抬起头。 to one's surprise 令某人吃的是with shock 震惊地，惊愕地 3．他惊讶得说不出话来，甚至都不能思考了。（too...to...） 答案 课前预习·教材回顾 1.survival 2.Born 3.of 4.intention 5.scientific 6.referred to 7.paid off 8.limited 9.that 10.which 课堂互动·词句精讲 核心词汇 1.①intended ②intention ③had intended ④intended his son to be ⑤I had intended to go out with you 2.①references ②as ③referred to in the report ④In/With reference to your question about the cost 3.①beneficial ②from ③of ④benefit the local villagers; be beneficial to/for; be of benefit to; benefit from/by 4.①was surrounded ②surrounding ③surroundings ④being surrounded by some animals ⑤Surrounded by the clear waters 5.①favourites ②to ③favourable ④do me a favour ⑤English is my favourite subject 6.①with ②for ③be charged ④in charge of; in the charge of ⑤will be produced free of charge 7.①involved ②answering ③with/in ④Involved in the boring talk ⑤involved him in 8.①to ②application ③applicants ④for ⑤applied himself to improving ⑥I'm writing to apply for the position 9.①smoking ②permitting ③permission ④is permitted to go 10.①up ②down ③forward ④so I put it forward ⑤put the harvest forward 常用句型 ①It was not until he came back from Africa that year that ②did make a mistake ③when 1 got back to my apartment ④Why is it that 巩固训练·即时反馈 一、词汇训练 搭配训练 1.in 2.for 3.to/for 4.with 5.in 6.by/with 一词多义 1．指的是 2．查阅 3．提到 词形变换 1.favorite 2.marriage 3.broaden 4.limited 5.permission 6.intelligence 7.surroundings 8.responsible 短语串烧 1.intending to be 2.By accident 3.referred to 4.drawing on 5.through trial and error 6.paid off 7.put forward 8.as to 二、句型训练 1.First announced 2.It was his brave heart and strong faith that 3.would have come across 4.not because of; but because of 三、写作提能 1.whose theme is how to protect the environment 2.attending the activity 3.In addition/Besides 4.will have the chance/opportunity 5.inspire more students 读后续写点对典 1.I sensed a flash of surprise in his eyes. 2.Hearing the news, she looked up in surprise. 3.He was too surprised/astonished to speak or even to think. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $