Unit 3 Period 2 Learning About Language（分层作业）英语人教版选择性必修第三册

Unit 3 Period 2 Learning About Language分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、句型转换 1.She said to me, “I will visit my grandparents in the countryside this weekend.”(变间接引语) 2.He said, “I am reading an interesting story book about Chinese history now.”(变间接引语) 3.The teacher said to us, “Light travels much faster than sound in the air.”(变间接引语) 4.My mother asked me, “Did you finish your homework before you played computer games?”(变间接引语) 5.They said, “We have planted more than two hundred trees around our school so far.”(变间接引语) 二、单句语法填空 1. The teacher asked us ________(care) about the difference between direct speech and reported speech. 2. He told me that he ________(real) regretted not listening to the teacher’s advice that day. 3. She said she would tell us the ________(finish) time of the exam as soon as possible. 4. The reporter asked the writer when he ________(write) his first amazing story. 5. My mother reminded me ________(polite) to ask for help when I was in trouble. 6. He explained that the ________(change) from direct to indirect speech needed special attention. 7. The teacher said that practice would ________(sure) help us master this grammar rule quickly. 8. She told us that we must avoid ________(care) mistakes while changing the sentences. 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 老师问我们是否知道如何把直接引语变成通顺正确的间接引语。 ________________________ how to change direct speech into correct and smooth reported speech. 2. 他告诉我他第二天会把那本关于语法的重要笔记带来给我看。 He told me ________________________ the important grammar notes to me the next day. 3. 她问我那天早上是几点起床，为什么上学又迟到了。 She asked me ________________________ that morning and why I was late for school again. 4. 医生建议我每天多喝温水，尽量不要熬夜，保持规律作息。 The doctor advised me ________________________ and not to stay up late to keep a regular life. 5. 他说他以前从未见过这么有趣又实用的英语语法讲解。 He said that he ________________________ such interesting and useful English grammar explanations before. 四、阅读理解 （山东滕州市等2025-2026学年高二第一学期期末质量检测）Argentina is planning to send solar-powered robots out to clean its dirty harbors, and if this plan works, the power-driven robots may make a big reduction in the country’s plastic pollution problem. These robots can clean surface waste down to about 16 inches deep — just right to collect plastic bags, bottles, and microplastics that pollute waterways. They will soon be tested in ports, rivers, and lagoons. If you’re familiar with home robot vacuums, you’ll grasp the basic idea of this new solar robot. Juan Luis Rosendo, a researcher from LEICI, explains that these robots can move in challenging, ever-changing environments like ports and rivers. Their smart control system helps them handle waves and currents. Solar panels on top recharge the batteries even while the robot is working. This technology comes at just the right time. Plastic pollution is a big problem for most countries, but it’s hit Argentina hard. Studies show that nearly 300 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by plastics. 96% of the green turtles treated at the Mundo Marino rescue center had swallowed plastic. Microplastics have even been found in fish, shrimp, and mussels along Argentina’s coast. Last month, these solar-powered robots did the first trial, working non-stop day and night thanks to on-board solar recharging. They completed a one-month cleanup mission in a remote offshore coral reef area of Argentina, collecting 8 tons of “ghost nets” that trap and harm countless marine creatures annually. “With our robots, what we set out to do is to give our planet some long-awaited maintenance. To date, the outcomes of this cleanup have been far more encouraging than we expected, and we’re eager to expand this effort to more waterways across Argentina.” Juan Luis Rosendo said. 1．What are the solar- powered robots expected to do? A．To study underwater sea creatures. B．To clean up the polluted waterways. C．To help fishermen catch more fish. D．To provide energy for remote areas. 2．Why does the author say the robots comes at just the right time? A．Argentina has many harbors and ports. B．Solar panels have become much cheaper. C．Robotic vacuums are no longer popular. D．Plastic pollution is more and more severe. 3．What can be inferred about the robots in the first trial? A．They turned out largely effective. B．They could work longer hours. C．They cleared some experts’ doubt. D．They did harm to sea creatures. 4．How does Juan Luis Rosendo feel about future of the robots? A．Confident. B．Profitable. C．Concerned. D．Doubtful. 七、七选五 （浙江衢州市2025-2026学年高二上学期2月期未）You may have heard the word “composting,” but what does it mean? Composting is similar to recycling — it’s disposing of organic food waste in a way that allows it to break down naturally instead of being buried in landfills. When you compost food wastes, they can be processed into nutrient-rich soil. It’s a planet-friendly cycle. 1 . Research your town’s rules Some large cities in the US — such as New York, San Francisco, and Seattle — have made it a legal requirement to compost, providing special bins where people can put their food waste. 2 . To find out more, search online for your town name, state, and the word “composting”. 3 “Green” waste such as fruits, vegetables, eggshells, and coffee grounds and “brown” waste like leaves, twigs, cardboard, and used paper plates are commonly accepted for composting. With an adult’s help, check the rules for composting near you. Pick a spot to compost 4 . You can keep it simple by using a mixing bowl where you can throw kitchen leftovers as you prepare meals. Be sure to cover the bowl with a plate to reduce odors and avoid attracting fruit flies. You can also buy a countertop compost container. Make it part of a routine To prevent your food waste container from overflowing, your family will naturally need to take it to the local drop-off site frequently. A weekly trip can easily become part of your routine. Choose a specific day for this task. This simple habit keeps your kitchen tidy. 5 . A．Learn what to compost B．Choose a suitable method C．You can participate by following a few easy steps D．Other towns may have a drop-off spot for compost E．More importantly, it also helps the environment significantly F．Always separate meat and dairy products from compostable items G．Decide what kind of container to use for compost and where you’ll store it 八、完形填空 （广东深圳市深圳高级中学（集团)2025-2026学年高二第一学期期末考试）When you live a long time with trees, they become a part of you. So it 1 me to take down the old sugar maple on our farm, her death not from flames but from underground fungus. Yet, the forester said, “Small mushrooms fruiting at her 2 were the gifts.” In her 160 years’ age, she reached about 90 feet high. And she was a tree with 3 : not straight and narrow, but quirky (古怪的), with a trunk that had broken into four and branches that spread this way and that, unlike those ordinary trees that lack such distinct charm. Climate change probably made her susceptible (易受影响的) to a special kind of fungus. Then in one season, her entire left side started coming down. 4 , I hoped we could save her because I was too 5 to her. My children had grown up beside her. Animals of all sorts scampered (疾跑) about her trunk. I felt 6 to have lived under her shade for many years. But walking underneath her became too 7 . We had to call in a woodcutter. She was down. That couldn’t be the end, though. People 8 me to turn the old maple into tables, shelves, guitars or bowls. I took their advice. Corey Snyder, the wood turner, said he was willing to see how the wood 9 . A couple of months later, Snyder 10 me with three beautiful honey-colored bowls. Now, instead of gazing up at the tree, I can 11 her in my hands. The bowls are smooth, not like her bark. But they are the old maple in a 12 life, though a different form. I know in autumn, there will be no longer that colorful variety of red, yellow and orange leaves 13 the ground beneath her. But I 14 myself that, over time, the remaining base of the tree will become a little 15 . Bacteria will decompose the wood, ants and beetles will move in, and then perhaps woodpeckers, which feed on the insects. Fungus will grow, and nutrients will return to the soil. Maybe, someday, a seedling will sprout. 1．A．surprised B．pained C．pleased D．forced 2．A．top B．wood C．leaves D．base 3．A．shadow B．loneliness C．height D．personality 4．A．Meanwhile B．Instead C．Still D．Besides 5．A．attached B．loyal C．sensitive D．resistant 6．A．privileged B．confident C．curious D．familiar 7．A．strange B．boring C．dangerous D．normal 8．A．allowed B．urged C．warned D．forbade 9．A．turned out B．ran out C．broke down D．broke in 10．A．filled B．assisted C．rewarded D．presented 11．A．push B．shake C．hold D．press 12．A．short B．humble C．new D．messy 13．A．dusting B．blanketing C．cleaning D．breaking 14．A．asked B．showed C．congratulated D．comforted 15．A．ecosystem B．garden C．wetland D．reserve 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Period 2 Learning About Language分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、句型转换 【答案】 1.She told me that she would visit her grandparents in the countryside that weekend. 2.He said that he was reading an interesting story book about Chinese history then. 3.The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound in the air. 4.My mother asked me if I had finished my homework before I played computer games. 5.They said that they had planted more than two hundred trees around their school so far. 二、单句语法填空 【答案】 1. careful 2. really 3. finishing 4. wrote 5. politely 6. change 7. surely 8. careless 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 【答案】 1. The teacher asked us if/whether we knew 2. that he would bring 3. what time I got up 4. to drink more warm water every day 5. had never seen 四、阅读理解 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了阿根廷计划使用太阳能机器人清理受污染的港口、河流等水域，说明了机器人的工作原理、优势、首次试验效果以及研发人员对其前景的信心。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Argentina is planning to send solar-powered robots out to clean its dirty harbors, and if this plan works, the power-driven robots may make a big reduction in the country’s plastic pollution problem.(阿根廷计划派出太阳能机器人清理肮脏的港口，如果该计划奏效，这些电动机器人可能会大幅减少该国的塑料污染问题。)”可知，这些太阳能机器人被期望用来清理受污染的水道。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“This technology comes at just the right time. Plastic pollution is a big problem for most countries, but it’s hit Argentina hard.(这项技术来得正是时候。塑料污染对大多数国家来说都是个大问题，而它对阿根廷的打击尤为严重。)”可知，作者说机器人来得正是时候，是因为塑料污染越来越严重。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“They completed a one-month cleanup mission in a remote offshore coral reef area of Argentina, collecting 8 tons of “ghost nets” that trap and harm countless marine creatures annually.(它们在阿根廷一个偏远的近海珊瑚礁地区完成了为期一个月的清理任务，收集了8吨每年困住并伤害无数海洋生物的“幽灵网”。)”可推断，这些机器人在首次试验中效果非常显著。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“To date, the outcomes of this cleanup have been far more encouraging than we expected, and we’re eager to expand this effort to more waterways across Argentina.(到目前为止，清理结果比我们预期的更令人鼓舞，我们渴望将这项工作扩展到阿根廷更多的水道。)”可知，Juan Luis Rosendo对机器人的未来充满信心。故选A。 七、七选五 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．G 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了进行堆肥的几个简单步骤，包括了解当地规则、明确堆肥物、选位置、养成堆肥习惯等，倡导环保的垃圾处理方式。 1．根据下文依次介绍的“Research your town’s rules(研究你所在城镇的规则)”、“Learn what to compost(了解可以堆肥的物品)”、“Pick a spot to compost(选一个堆肥的地方)”和“Make it part of a routine(让堆肥成为日常的一部分)”这些堆肥的具体步骤可知，此空应是引出下文的堆肥步骤，C选项“You can participate by following a few easy steps(你可以通过遵循几个简单的步骤来参与其中)”中的a few easy steps指的是下文讲述的堆肥的具体步骤，符合语境。故选C项。 2．根据空前的“Some large cities in the US — such as New York, San Francisco, and Seattle — have made it a legal requirement to compost, providing special bins where people can put their food waste. (美国的一些大城市——如纽约、旧金山和西雅图——已经将堆肥定为法律要求，提供了专门的垃圾桶供人们放置食物垃圾。)”中的Some large cities可知，此空讲述的内容应是其他地区的堆肥相关情况，D选项“Other towns may have a drop-off spot for compost(其他城镇可能有专门的堆肥投放点)”中的Other towns与空前的Some large cities形成对应，且讲述的是其他城镇的堆肥设施，符合语境。故选D项。 3．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落的小标题格式一致，应为祈使句，根据空后的““Green” waste such as fruits, vegetables, eggshells, and coffee grounds and “brown” waste like leaves, twigs, cardboard, and used paper plates are commonly accepted for composting.(水果、蔬菜、蛋壳、咖啡渣等“绿色”垃圾，以及树叶、小树枝、硬纸板、用过的纸盘等“棕色”垃圾通常都是可以堆肥的。)”可知，本段讲述的内容是哪些物品可以进行堆肥，A选项“Learn what to compost(了解可以堆肥的物品)”为祈使句，且能概括本段的主题，适合作本段小标题。故选A项。 4．根据本段小标题“Pick a spot to compost(选一个堆肥的地方)”及空后的“You can keep it simple by using a mixing bowl where you can throw kitchen leftovers as you prepare meals. Be sure to cover the bowl with a plate to reduce odors and avoid attracting fruit flies. You can also buy a countertop compost container.(你可以简单点，用一个搅拌碗，做饭时把厨房剩菜扔进去。一定要用盘子盖住碗，以减少异味，避免吸引果蝇。你也可以买一个台面堆肥容器。)”可知，本段除了选堆肥的位置，还讲述了使用什么容器进行堆肥，G选项“Decide what kind of container to use for compost and where you’ll store it(决定用什么容器堆肥以及把容器放在哪里)”既提到了堆肥容器，又提到了存放位置，与本段内容契合，符合语境。故选G项。 5．根据本段小标题“Make it part of a routine (让堆肥成为日常习惯)”以及前文 “To prevent your food waste container from overflowing, your family will naturally need to take it to the local drop-off site frequently. A weekly trip can easily become part of your routine. Choose a specific day for this task. This simple habit keeps your kitchen tidy. (为了防止食物垃圾容器装得太满，你的家人自然需要经常将其送到当地的投放点。每周一次的投放很容易就能成为你的日常习惯。为这项任务选定一个固定的日子。这个简单的习惯能让你的厨房保持整洁。)”可知，本段核心是让堆肥成为日常习惯，前文说明该习惯能让厨房保持整洁，此空应进一步说明该习惯的另一重重要意义，即对环境的巨大帮助，E选项“More importantly, it also helps the environment significantly (更重要的是，它还能极大地帮助改善环境)”中的it指代前文让堆肥成为日常习惯的做法，通过More importantly递进，承接前文的厨房整洁的益处，且呼应首段堆肥的环保特点，符合语境。故选 E 项。 八、完形填空 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者因病害砍倒老枫树，将其制成碗具延续生命，并期待树桩滋养新生命的感悟。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：砍伐农场里的老糖枫让我心生痛楚，它因地下真菌而非火灾枯萎。A. surprised惊讶的；B. pained心痛的；C. pleased高兴的；D. forced被迫的。根据上文“When you live a long time with trees, they become a part of you.”可知，树已成为作者的一部分，砍伐它会让作者感到心痛。故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在它根部生长的小蘑菇便是馈赠。A. top顶部；B. wood木材；C. leaves树叶；D. base根部。根据上文“her death not from flames but from underground fungus.”以及常识可知，真菌生于地下，蘑菇应长在树的根部。故选D。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一棵极具个性的树：并非笔直纤细，而是模样古怪，树干裂成四瓣，枝丫向四方伸展。A. shadow影子；B. loneliness孤独；C. height高度；D. personality个性。根据下文“not straight and narrow, but quirky (古怪的), with a trunk that had broken into four and branches that spread this way and that, unlike those ordinary trees that lack such distinct charm.”可知，这棵树有着独特的特质，即鲜明的个性。故选D。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我仍希望能救活它，因为我对它太过依恋。A. Meanwhile同时；B. Instead反而；C. Still尽管如此；D. Besides此外。根据上文“Then in one season, her entire left side started coming down.”以及下文“I hoped we could save her”可知，树的状况糟糕，但作者仍想救活它，前后为让步转折关系。故选C。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我仍希望能救活它，因为我对它太过依恋。A. attached依恋的；B. loyal忠诚的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. resistant抵抗的。根据下文“My children had grown up beside her. Animals of all sorts scampered (疾跑) about her trunk. I felt ____ to have lived under her shade for many years.”可知，作者与树相伴多年，对它十分依恋，be attached to为固定搭配，意为“依恋……”。故选A。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：能在它的树荫下生活多年，我感到无比荣幸。A. privileged荣幸的；B. confident自信的；C. curious好奇的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“My children had grown up beside her. Animals of all sorts scampered (疾跑) about her trunk.”以及下文“to have lived under her shade for many years.”可知，树陪伴了作者一家和周边生灵，此处表示作者因能在其树荫下生活感到荣幸。故选A。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在它下方行走变得太过危险。A. strange奇怪的；B. boring无聊的；C. dangerous危险的；D. normal正常的。根据上文“her entire left side started coming down.”可知，树的枝干不断掉落，在其下方行走存在安全隐患。故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们力劝我把这棵老枫树的木材做成桌子、架子、吉他或是木碗。A. allowed允许；B. urged力劝；C. warned警告；D. forbade禁止。根据下文“me to turn the old maple into tables, shelves, guitars or bowls. I took their advice.”可知，人们向作者提出建议，极力劝说作者这么做。故选B。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：木工科里·斯奈德说他愿意看看这木材最终能做成什么样的物件。A. turned out最终成为；B. ran out用完；C. broke down出故障；分解；D. broke in闯入。根据上文“People ____ me to turn the old maple into tables, shelves, guitars or bowls.”可知，人们建议将木材做成各类物件的内容，所以此处表示木工想看看这木材最终能做成什么。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，斯奈德给我送来三个漂亮的蜜色木碗。A. filled装满；B. assisted协助；C. rewarded奖励；D. presented赠送；呈递。根据下文“me with three beautiful honey-colored bowls.”以及语境可知，木工做好木碗后送给作者，present sb with sth为固定搭配，意为“给某人赠送某物”。故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，我不必再抬头仰望这棵树，而是可以将它捧在手心。A. push推；B. shake摇晃；C. hold拿着；捧着；D. press按压。根据上文“A couple of months later, Snyder ____ me with three beautiful honey-colored bowls.”以及下文“in my hands”可知，木工做好木碗后送给作者，所以此处表示作者可以将做成木碗的树的“化身”捧在手里。故选C。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但它们是这棵老枫树，以一种新的生命形式存在，尽管形态已然不同。A. short短暂的；B. humble谦逊的；C. new新的；D. messy凌乱的。根据下文“life, though a different form.”以及语境可知，木碗是树被砍伐后以另一种形式的延续，是这棵树的新生命形式。故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我知道，到了秋天，它下方的地面上，再也不会铺满五彩斑斓的红、黄、橙三色落叶了。A. dusting撒粉；B. blanketing覆盖；铺满；C. cleaning清理；D. breaking打破。根据上文“I know in autumn, there will be no longer that colorful variety of red, yellow and orange leaves”以及常识可知，此处指落叶铺满地面，blanket此处为动词，表示“用……覆盖”。故选B。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我宽慰自己，随着时间的推移，这棵树留存的树桩会成为一个小小的生态系统。A. asked询问；B. showed展示；C. congratulated祝贺；D. comforted宽慰。根据上文“I know in autumn, there will be no longer that colorful variety of red, yellow and orange leaves ____ the ground beneath her.”可知，上文描述秋天树下再无落叶的遗憾之情，所以此处为作者用树桩未来的变化来宽慰自己。故选D。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我宽慰自己，随着时间的推移，这棵树留存的树桩会成为一个小小的生态系统。A. ecosystem生态系统；B. garden花园；C. wetland湿地；D. reserve自然保护区。根据下文“Bacteria will decompose the wood, ants and beetles will move in, and then perhaps woodpeckers, which feed on the insects. Fungus will grow, and nutrients will return to the soil. Maybe, someday, a seedling will sprout.”可知，树桩处会形成各类生物依存、物质循环的小型生态系统。故选A。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Period 2 Learning About Language分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、句型转换 1.She said to me, “I will visit my grandparents in the countryside this weekend.”(变间接引语) 2.He said, “I am reading an interesting story book about Chinese history now.”(变间接引语) 3.The teacher said to us, “Light travels much faster than sound in the air.”(变间接引语) 4.My mother asked me, “Did you finish your homework before you played computer games?”(变间接引语) 5.They said, “We have planted more than two hundred trees around our school so far.”(变间接引语) 【答案】 1.She told me that she would visit her grandparents in the countryside that weekend. 2.He said that he was reading an interesting story book about Chinese history then. 3.The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound in the air. 4.My mother asked me if I had finished my homework before I played computer games. 5.They said that they had planted more than two hundred trees around their school so far. 二、单句语法填空 1. The teacher asked us ________(care) about the difference between direct speech and reported speech. 2. He told me that he ________(real) regretted not listening to the teacher’s advice that day. 3. She said she would tell us the ________(finish) time of the exam as soon as possible. 4. The reporter asked the writer when he ________(write) his first amazing story. 5. My mother reminded me ________(polite) to ask for help when I was in trouble. 6. He explained that the ________(change) from direct to indirect speech needed special attention. 7. The teacher said that practice would ________(sure) help us master this grammar rule quickly. 8. She told us that we must avoid ________(care) mistakes while changing the sentences. 【答案】 1. careful 2. really 3. finishing 4. wrote 5. politely 6. change 7. surely 8. careless 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 老师问我们是否知道如何把直接引语变成通顺正确的间接引语。 ________________________ how to change direct speech into correct and smooth reported speech. 2. 他告诉我他第二天会把那本关于语法的重要笔记带来给我看。 He told me ________________________ the important grammar notes to me the next day. 3. 她问我那天早上是几点起床，为什么上学又迟到了。 She asked me ________________________ that morning and why I was late for school again. 4. 医生建议我每天多喝温水，尽量不要熬夜，保持规律作息。 The doctor advised me ________________________ and not to stay up late to keep a regular life. 5. 他说他以前从未见过这么有趣又实用的英语语法讲解。 He said that he ________________________ such interesting and useful English grammar explanations before. 【答案】 1. The teacher asked us if/whether we knew 2. that he would bring 3. what time I got up 4. to drink more warm water every day 5. had never seen 四、阅读理解 （山东滕州市等2025-2026学年高二第一学期期末质量检测）Argentina is planning to send solar-powered robots out to clean its dirty harbors, and if this plan works, the power-driven robots may make a big reduction in the country’s plastic pollution problem. These robots can clean surface waste down to about 16 inches deep — just right to collect plastic bags, bottles, and microplastics that pollute waterways. They will soon be tested in ports, rivers, and lagoons. If you’re familiar with home robot vacuums, you’ll grasp the basic idea of this new solar robot. Juan Luis Rosendo, a researcher from LEICI, explains that these robots can move in challenging, ever-changing environments like ports and rivers. Their smart control system helps them handle waves and currents. Solar panels on top recharge the batteries even while the robot is working. This technology comes at just the right time. Plastic pollution is a big problem for most countries, but it’s hit Argentina hard. Studies show that nearly 300 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by plastics. 96% of the green turtles treated at the Mundo Marino rescue center had swallowed plastic. Microplastics have even been found in fish, shrimp, and mussels along Argentina’s coast. Last month, these solar-powered robots did the first trial, working non-stop day and night thanks to on-board solar recharging. They completed a one-month cleanup mission in a remote offshore coral reef area of Argentina, collecting 8 tons of “ghost nets” that trap and harm countless marine creatures annually. “With our robots, what we set out to do is to give our planet some long-awaited maintenance. To date, the outcomes of this cleanup have been far more encouraging than we expected, and we’re eager to expand this effort to more waterways across Argentina.” Juan Luis Rosendo said. 1．What are the solar- powered robots expected to do? A．To study underwater sea creatures. B．To clean up the polluted waterways. C．To help fishermen catch more fish. D．To provide energy for remote areas. 2．Why does the author say the robots comes at just the right time? A．Argentina has many harbors and ports. B．Solar panels have become much cheaper. C．Robotic vacuums are no longer popular. D．Plastic pollution is more and more severe. 3．What can be inferred about the robots in the first trial? A．They turned out largely effective. B．They could work longer hours. C．They cleared some experts’ doubt. D．They did harm to sea creatures. 4．How does Juan Luis Rosendo feel about future of the robots? A．Confident. B．Profitable. C．Concerned. D．Doubtful. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了阿根廷计划使用太阳能机器人清理受污染的港口、河流等水域，说明了机器人的工作原理、优势、首次试验效果以及研发人员对其前景的信心。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Argentina is planning to send solar-powered robots out to clean its dirty harbors, and if this plan works, the power-driven robots may make a big reduction in the country’s plastic pollution problem.(阿根廷计划派出太阳能机器人清理肮脏的港口，如果该计划奏效，这些电动机器人可能会大幅减少该国的塑料污染问题。)”可知，这些太阳能机器人被期望用来清理受污染的水道。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“This technology comes at just the right time. Plastic pollution is a big problem for most countries, but it’s hit Argentina hard.(这项技术来得正是时候。塑料污染对大多数国家来说都是个大问题，而它对阿根廷的打击尤为严重。)”可知，作者说机器人来得正是时候，是因为塑料污染越来越严重。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“They completed a one-month cleanup mission in a remote offshore coral reef area of Argentina, collecting 8 tons of “ghost nets” that trap and harm countless marine creatures annually.(它们在阿根廷一个偏远的近海珊瑚礁地区完成了为期一个月的清理任务，收集了8吨每年困住并伤害无数海洋生物的“幽灵网”。)”可推断，这些机器人在首次试验中效果非常显著。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“To date, the outcomes of this cleanup have been far more encouraging than we expected, and we’re eager to expand this effort to more waterways across Argentina.(到目前为止，清理结果比我们预期的更令人鼓舞，我们渴望将这项工作扩展到阿根廷更多的水道。)”可知，Juan Luis Rosendo对机器人的未来充满信心。故选A。 七、七选五 （浙江衢州市2025-2026学年高二上学期2月期未）You may have heard the word “composting,” but what does it mean? Composting is similar to recycling — it’s disposing of organic food waste in a way that allows it to break down naturally instead of being buried in landfills. When you compost food wastes, they can be processed into nutrient-rich soil. It’s a planet-friendly cycle. 1 . Research your town’s rules Some large cities in the US — such as New York, San Francisco, and Seattle — have made it a legal requirement to compost, providing special bins where people can put their food waste. 2 . To find out more, search online for your town name, state, and the word “composting”. 3 “Green” waste such as fruits, vegetables, eggshells, and coffee grounds and “brown” waste like leaves, twigs, cardboard, and used paper plates are commonly accepted for composting. With an adult’s help, check the rules for composting near you. Pick a spot to compost 4 . You can keep it simple by using a mixing bowl where you can throw kitchen leftovers as you prepare meals. Be sure to cover the bowl with a plate to reduce odors and avoid attracting fruit flies. You can also buy a countertop compost container. Make it part of a routine To prevent your food waste container from overflowing, your family will naturally need to take it to the local drop-off site frequently. A weekly trip can easily become part of your routine. Choose a specific day for this task. This simple habit keeps your kitchen tidy. 5 . A．Learn what to compost B．Choose a suitable method C．You can participate by following a few easy steps D．Other towns may have a drop-off spot for compost E．More importantly, it also helps the environment significantly F．Always separate meat and dairy products from compostable items G．Decide what kind of container to use for compost and where you’ll store it 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．G 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了进行堆肥的几个简单步骤，包括了解当地规则、明确堆肥物、选位置、养成堆肥习惯等，倡导环保的垃圾处理方式。 1．根据下文依次介绍的“Research your town’s rules(研究你所在城镇的规则)”、“Learn what to compost(了解可以堆肥的物品)”、“Pick a spot to compost(选一个堆肥的地方)”和“Make it part of a routine(让堆肥成为日常的一部分)”这些堆肥的具体步骤可知，此空应是引出下文的堆肥步骤，C选项“You can participate by following a few easy steps(你可以通过遵循几个简单的步骤来参与其中)”中的a few easy steps指的是下文讲述的堆肥的具体步骤，符合语境。故选C项。 2．根据空前的“Some large cities in the US — such as New York, San Francisco, and Seattle — have made it a legal requirement to compost, providing special bins where people can put their food waste. (美国的一些大城市——如纽约、旧金山和西雅图——已经将堆肥定为法律要求，提供了专门的垃圾桶供人们放置食物垃圾。)”中的Some large cities可知，此空讲述的内容应是其他地区的堆肥相关情况，D选项“Other towns may have a drop-off spot for compost(其他城镇可能有专门的堆肥投放点)”中的Other towns与空前的Some large cities形成对应，且讲述的是其他城镇的堆肥设施，符合语境。故选D项。 3．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落的小标题格式一致，应为祈使句，根据空后的““Green” waste such as fruits, vegetables, eggshells, and coffee grounds and “brown” waste like leaves, twigs, cardboard, and used paper plates are commonly accepted for composting.(水果、蔬菜、蛋壳、咖啡渣等“绿色”垃圾，以及树叶、小树枝、硬纸板、用过的纸盘等“棕色”垃圾通常都是可以堆肥的。)”可知，本段讲述的内容是哪些物品可以进行堆肥，A选项“Learn what to compost(了解可以堆肥的物品)”为祈使句，且能概括本段的主题，适合作本段小标题。故选A项。 4．根据本段小标题“Pick a spot to compost(选一个堆肥的地方)”及空后的“You can keep it simple by using a mixing bowl where you can throw kitchen leftovers as you prepare meals. Be sure to cover the bowl with a plate to reduce odors and avoid attracting fruit flies. You can also buy a countertop compost container.(你可以简单点，用一个搅拌碗，做饭时把厨房剩菜扔进去。一定要用盘子盖住碗，以减少异味，避免吸引果蝇。你也可以买一个台面堆肥容器。)”可知，本段除了选堆肥的位置，还讲述了使用什么容器进行堆肥，G选项“Decide what kind of container to use for compost and where you’ll store it(决定用什么容器堆肥以及把容器放在哪里)”既提到了堆肥容器，又提到了存放位置，与本段内容契合，符合语境。故选G项。 5．根据本段小标题“Make it part of a routine (让堆肥成为日常习惯)”以及前文 “To prevent your food waste container from overflowing, your family will naturally need to take it to the local drop-off site frequently. A weekly trip can easily become part of your routine. Choose a specific day for this task. This simple habit keeps your kitchen tidy. (为了防止食物垃圾容器装得太满，你的家人自然需要经常将其送到当地的投放点。每周一次的投放很容易就能成为你的日常习惯。为这项任务选定一个固定的日子。这个简单的习惯能让你的厨房保持整洁。)”可知，本段核心是让堆肥成为日常习惯，前文说明该习惯能让厨房保持整洁，此空应进一步说明该习惯的另一重重要意义，即对环境的巨大帮助，E选项“More importantly, it also helps the environment significantly (更重要的是，它还能极大地帮助改善环境)”中的it指代前文让堆肥成为日常习惯的做法，通过More importantly递进，承接前文的厨房整洁的益处，且呼应首段堆肥的环保特点，符合语境。故选 E 项。 八、完形填空 （广东深圳市深圳高级中学（集团)2025-2026学年高二第一学期期末考试）When you live a long time with trees, they become a part of you. So it 1 me to take down the old sugar maple on our farm, her death not from flames but from underground fungus. Yet, the forester said, “Small mushrooms fruiting at her 2 were the gifts.” In her 160 years’ age, she reached about 90 feet high. And she was a tree with 3 : not straight and narrow, but quirky (古怪的), with a trunk that had broken into four and branches that spread this way and that, unlike those ordinary trees that lack such distinct charm. Climate change probably made her susceptible (易受影响的) to a special kind of fungus. Then in one season, her entire left side started coming down. 4 , I hoped we could save her because I was too 5 to her. My children had grown up beside her. Animals of all sorts scampered (疾跑) about her trunk. I felt 6 to have lived under her shade for many years. But walking underneath her became too 7 . We had to call in a woodcutter. She was down. That couldn’t be the end, though. People 8 me to turn the old maple into tables, shelves, guitars or bowls. I took their advice. Corey Snyder, the wood turner, said he was willing to see how the wood 9 . A couple of months later, Snyder 10 me with three beautiful honey-colored bowls. Now, instead of gazing up at the tree, I can 11 her in my hands. The bowls are smooth, not like her bark. But they are the old maple in a 12 life, though a different form. I know in autumn, there will be no longer that colorful variety of red, yellow and orange leaves 13 the ground beneath her. But I 14 myself that, over time, the remaining base of the tree will become a little 15 . Bacteria will decompose the wood, ants and beetles will move in, and then perhaps woodpeckers, which feed on the insects. Fungus will grow, and nutrients will return to the soil. Maybe, someday, a seedling will sprout. 1．A．surprised B．pained C．pleased D．forced 2．A．top B．wood C．leaves D．base 3．A．shadow B．loneliness C．height D．personality 4．A．Meanwhile B．Instead C．Still D．Besides 5．A．attached B．loyal C．sensitive D．resistant 6．A．privileged B．confident C．curious D．familiar 7．A．strange B．boring C．dangerous D．normal 8．A．allowed B．urged C．warned D．forbade 9．A．turned out B．ran out C．broke down D．broke in 10．A．filled B．assisted C．rewarded D．presented 11．A．push B．shake C．hold D．press 12．A．short B．humble C．new D．messy 13．A．dusting B．blanketing C．cleaning D．breaking 14．A．asked B．showed C．congratulated D．comforted 15．A．ecosystem B．garden C．wetland D．reserve 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者因病害砍倒老枫树，将其制成碗具延续生命，并期待树桩滋养新生命的感悟。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：砍伐农场里的老糖枫让我心生痛楚，它因地下真菌而非火灾枯萎。A. surprised惊讶的；B. pained心痛的；C. pleased高兴的；D. forced被迫的。根据上文“When you live a long time with trees, they become a part of you.”可知，树已成为作者的一部分，砍伐它会让作者感到心痛。故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在它根部生长的小蘑菇便是馈赠。A. top顶部；B. wood木材；C. leaves树叶；D. base根部。根据上文“her death not from flames but from underground fungus.”以及常识可知，真菌生于地下，蘑菇应长在树的根部。故选D。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一棵极具个性的树：并非笔直纤细，而是模样古怪，树干裂成四瓣，枝丫向四方伸展。A. shadow影子；B. loneliness孤独；C. height高度；D. personality个性。根据下文“not straight and narrow, but quirky (古怪的), with a trunk that had broken into four and branches that spread this way and that, unlike those ordinary trees that lack such distinct charm.”可知，这棵树有着独特的特质，即鲜明的个性。故选D。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我仍希望能救活它，因为我对它太过依恋。A. Meanwhile同时；B. Instead反而；C. Still尽管如此；D. Besides此外。根据上文“Then in one season, her entire left side started coming down.”以及下文“I hoped we could save her”可知，树的状况糟糕，但作者仍想救活它，前后为让步转折关系。故选C。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我仍希望能救活它，因为我对它太过依恋。A. attached依恋的；B. loyal忠诚的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. resistant抵抗的。根据下文“My children had grown up beside her. Animals of all sorts scampered (疾跑) about her trunk. I felt ____ to have lived under her shade for many years.”可知，作者与树相伴多年，对它十分依恋，be attached to为固定搭配，意为“依恋……”。故选A。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：能在它的树荫下生活多年，我感到无比荣幸。A. privileged荣幸的；B. confident自信的；C. curious好奇的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“My children had grown up beside her. Animals of all sorts scampered (疾跑) about her trunk.”以及下文“to have lived under her shade for many years.”可知，树陪伴了作者一家和周边生灵，此处表示作者因能在其树荫下生活感到荣幸。故选A。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在它下方行走变得太过危险。A. strange奇怪的；B. boring无聊的；C. dangerous危险的；D. normal正常的。根据上文“her entire left side started coming down.”可知，树的枝干不断掉落，在其下方行走存在安全隐患。故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们力劝我把这棵老枫树的木材做成桌子、架子、吉他或是木碗。A. allowed允许；B. urged力劝；C. warned警告；D. forbade禁止。根据下文“me to turn the old maple into tables, shelves, guitars or bowls. I took their advice.”可知，人们向作者提出建议，极力劝说作者这么做。故选B。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：木工科里·斯奈德说他愿意看看这木材最终能做成什么样的物件。A. turned out最终成为；B. ran out用完；C. broke down出故障；分解；D. broke in闯入。根据上文“People ____ me to turn the old maple into tables, shelves, guitars or bowls.”可知，人们建议将木材做成各类物件的内容，所以此处表示木工想看看这木材最终能做成什么。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，斯奈德给我送来三个漂亮的蜜色木碗。A. filled装满；B. assisted协助；C. rewarded奖励；D. presented赠送；呈递。根据下文“me with three beautiful honey-colored bowls.”以及语境可知，木工做好木碗后送给作者，present sb with sth为固定搭配，意为“给某人赠送某物”。故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，我不必再抬头仰望这棵树，而是可以将它捧在手心。A. push推；B. shake摇晃；C. hold拿着；捧着；D. press按压。根据上文“A couple of months later, Snyder ____ me with three beautiful honey-colored bowls.”以及下文“in my hands”可知，木工做好木碗后送给作者，所以此处表示作者可以将做成木碗的树的“化身”捧在手里。故选C。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但它们是这棵老枫树，以一种新的生命形式存在，尽管形态已然不同。A. short短暂的；B. humble谦逊的；C. new新的；D. messy凌乱的。根据下文“life, though a different form.”以及语境可知，木碗是树被砍伐后以另一种形式的延续，是这棵树的新生命形式。故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我知道，到了秋天，它下方的地面上，再也不会铺满五彩斑斓的红、黄、橙三色落叶了。A. dusting撒粉；B. blanketing覆盖；铺满；C. cleaning清理；D. breaking打破。根据上文“I know in autumn, there will be no longer that colorful variety of red, yellow and orange leaves”以及常识可知，此处指落叶铺满地面，blanket此处为动词，表示“用……覆盖”。故选B。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我宽慰自己，随着时间的推移，这棵树留存的树桩会成为一个小小的生态系统。A. asked询问；B. showed展示；C. congratulated祝贺；D. comforted宽慰。根据上文“I know in autumn, there will be no longer that colorful variety of red, yellow and orange leaves ____ the ground beneath her.”可知，上文描述秋天树下再无落叶的遗憾之情，所以此处为作者用树桩未来的变化来宽慰自己。故选D。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我宽慰自己，随着时间的推移，这棵树留存的树桩会成为一个小小的生态系统。A. ecosystem生态系统；B. garden花园；C. wetland湿地；D. reserve自然保护区。根据下文“Bacteria will decompose the wood, ants and beetles will move in, and then perhaps woodpeckers, which feed on the insects. Fungus will grow, and nutrients will return to the soil. Maybe, someday, a seedling will sprout.”可知，树桩处会形成各类生物依存、物质循环的小型生态系统。故选A。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $