Unit 6 Nature in Words Starting out & Understanding ideas-分层同步练习-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版选择性必修第三册

Starting out & Understanding ideas 一、必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.Regular exercise can 　　　　　　(提高) your strength and improve your overall health.  2.The sunlight reflected off the water,creating a blinding 　　　　　　(刺眼的强光).  3.He 　　　　　　(变弯曲) down to pick up the coin that had rolled under the table.  4.Standing on the mountaintop,we were greeted by the breathtaking 　　　　　　(景色) of rolling green hills.  5.The snowflakes fell gently,each one carrying a tiny 　　　　　　(闪耀) as they caught the streetlights.  6.We have a 　　　　　　(每周的) meeting to discuss our progress.  7.When I was a baby,my mother would recite sweet 　　　　　　(儿歌) to help me fall asleep peacefully.  8.The cold water made his face 　　　　　　(变红),waking him up instantly.  Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.She insisted on 　　　　　　(help) me carry the heavy boxes,despite my protests.  2.The old man smiled 　　　　　　(faint) as he recalled his childhood memories.  3.We should be responsible for the proper 　　　　　　(dispose) of waste to protect the environment.  4.Before the flight,the mechanic conducted a thorough 　　　　　　(inspect) of the plane’s engines.  5.The architect’s creative design transformed the old warehouse 　　　　　　a modern art gallery with a unique style.  6.Her face 　　　　　　(red) with embarrassment when she realized she had made a silly mistake.  7.My father spends ten minutes every morning on 　　　　　(shave) before going to work. 8.The child’s eyes sparkled with 　　　　　　　(innocent) as she listened to the fairy tale. Ⅲ.单句写作 1.她冒着生命危险从着火的大楼里救出孩子,展现出惊人的勇气。 She saved the child from the burning building 　　　　　　　　　　　　　,showing incredible bravery.  2.等雨停的时候,我们已经在花园里种完了所有的树。(by the time引导时间状语从句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in the garden.  3.阳光明媚,鸟儿在树上歌唱,公园成了野餐的绝佳去处。(with 复合结构) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and birds singing in the trees,the park became a perfect place for a picnic.  4.经过数小时的努力,他看起来就像跑了一场马拉松,疲惫却满足。(as if 引导表语从句) After hours of hard work,he looked 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,exhausted but satisfied.  5.我看见她独自坐在长椅上,陷入沉思,脸上带着忧伤的神情。(see+宾语+宾语补足语) I　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,lost in thought,with a sad expression on her face.  Ⅳ.情景微写作 Activity 1　单句写作 1.在我们的小镇上,人们正在讨论是否要建一家造纸厂。 In our small town,people were discussing 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.一些人认为它能带来就业机会和财富,我却担心会造成污染。 Some thought it could bring jobs and money,but I 　　　　　　　　　　　　.  3.“我们不能只想着赚钱。”我坚持说道,“我知道我说这些可能会让人觉得烦,但我们正面临着破坏我们洁净的河流和清新空气的风险。” “We can’t just think about making money,”　　　　　　　　.“I know I might seem annoying by saying this,but we’re 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.” 4.随着做决定的日子到来,我给大家看了一些被污染地区的照片。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I showed everyone pictures of polluted places. 5.慢慢地,越来越多的人开始明白,保护我们的家园比获取短期利益更为重要。 Slowly,more people began to understand that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. Activity 2　选取上面至少4个句子组成一篇不少于80词的“环境保护”的读后续写片段。(注意使用恰当的衔接词) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 二、能力素养提升练 Ⅴ.阅读理解 A (2025江西九江高二期末) We were seven hours past sun-up,but you never would have known that on Thursday afternoon as the roosters—adult male chickens—began to crow.The noise started just after 2 p.m.and by the time it stopped,the dozen or so roosters would stretch open their mouths,extend their necks and cry out more than 100 times collectively in this event,which is one of the oldest contests at the Kentucky State Fair.Kentuckians,young and old,bring their roosters to the fair to see who can crow the most in a 15-minute stretch.The winning rooster’s owner takes home a bag of chicken feed. It was about half an hour until the crow-off began when I settled into a seat across from a small stage full of cages.That’s where I met John Ball,the fair’s crowing organizer,who talked excitedly about the whole affair to come.“The only real rules are that you have to bring a rooster and that you can’t egg it on during its 15 minutes in the spotlight,” he said.  I wondered how a rooster was trained to crow in the afternoon,and fortunately,nine-year-old Ben Miller had some insight to share.When I introduced myself to him,he was already covering his rooster’s eyes gently with his hand.“Now,it thinks it’s dark,” Ben told me.Part of the trick was to make his rooster believe the sun hadn’t risen yet.That way,it would be ready to cry out as soon as it saw the light. As I looked around,I saw that a few other roosters had joined us.One by one they were placed in the cages in front of the audience.The crowing continued for the full 15 minutes.After Ball’s timer went off,Sam Lamb,15,and his rooster won the contest.It’d crowed 37 times,just a little more than half of the 67 crows from a few years before. 1.What can we say about the contest? A.It centers around six roosters. B.It lasts for a total of half an hour. C.It is organized on a weekend afternoon. D.It is a tradition at the Kentucky State Fair. 2.What did John mean by saying “you can’t egg it on” in paragraph 2? A.You can’t leave it on an egg. B.You can’t motivate it to crow. C.You can’t stop it from crowing. D.You can’t interrupt it with an egg. 3.What was Ben’s trick with his rooster? A.He made it confused about the time. B.He showed it some chicken feed. C.He trained it to react to the timer. D.He left it alone in a dark room. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.The science behind rooster crowing B.The history of the Kentucky State Fair C.An occasion where roosters take center stage D.A day when John Ball shows up in a contest B (2025江西鹰潭高二期末) The Peruvian anchovy (秘鲁鳀鱼) is a small fish with a big impact.Only about the size of a finger,they make up the single largest fish catch in the world—sometimes up to 15% of the global amount.Nearly all the highly nutritious fish are ground up to feed salmon and other farm-raised species that are worth billions of dollars.Now,scientists studying ancient fossils have shown warming waters once nearly eliminated (消灭) this valuable resource,raising fears that today’s climate change could repeat the disaster. “The finding is really concerning,” says Becca Selden,a marine ecologist at Wellesley College who was not involved with the research.The new record of climate change’s impact on fish shows predators (捕食者) from seabirds to marine mammals would have a tough time without anchovies.Compared with anchovies,Panama lightfish(发光鱼) would cause worse problems for the fishing industry.Their smaller size makes them harder to catch,requiring nets with smaller holes that are difficult to clean.And because they don’t gather in dense groups,trawlers(拖网鱼船) would need to take longer voyages,burning more fuel,to catch large numbers. Researchers have long been worried about the impact of climate change on wild fish populations.One reason is that some species require low temperature in order to reproduce.A broader issue is that when water gets warmer,it contains less oxygen.This is a bigger handicap for large fish.That’s because a smaller fish has more gill area to acquire oxygen,relative to its body size,than does a large fish.If species can’t migrate easily to cooler waters,researchers predict that their ecological communities will end up dominated by small species,which could be an awful problem for the local fishing industry. “When a fish population is threatened by climate change,one approach to helping the species is to make fishing management more conservative and lower the allowable catch,”says Becca Selden.The anchovy population in Peru is already well managed,and many improvements in different fishes are on the way. 5.What is the function of paragraph 1? A.To introduce a heated topic. B.To raise a frustrating phenomenon. C.To inform people of the latest disaster. D.To encourage people to protect marine species. 6.What can we infer from paragraph 2? A.Becca Selden isn’t an expert in the field of marine ecology. B.Panama lightfish is a more important fish resource than anchovies. C.The climate change will cause more damage to predators than to fishing industry. D.Predators and fishing industry will suffer from the negative effects caused by climate change. 7.Which of the following words can best replace the underlined word “handicap”? A.Element. B.Request. C.Obstacle. D.Strength. 8.What is the author’s attitude towards the future of fishing? A.Negative. B.Concerned. C.Optimistic. D.Critical. 知识积累卡 一、重点单词 1.collectively adv.　　　　　　　　　　　  2.grind v.　　　　　  3.dominate v.　　　　　  4.conservative adj.　　　　　  二、词块速记 1.extend their necks　　　　　  2.settle into a seat　　　　　　　  三、长难句分析 Now,scientists studying ancient fossils have shown warming waters once nearly eliminated this valuable resource,raising fears that today’s climate change could repeat the disaster. 分析:句中studying ancient fossils为现在分词短语作　　　　　　;warming waters once nearly eliminated this valuable resource为省略了连接词的　　　　　　从句;raising fears that today’s climate change could repeat the disaster为现在分词短语作　　　　　　,其中that引导　　　　　　从句。  句意:   　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考答案 Ⅰ.1.enhance　2.glare　3.bent　4.scenery　5.sparkle　6.weekly　7.rhymes　8.flush Ⅱ.1.helping　2.faintly　3.disposal　4.inspection　5.into　6.reddened　7.shaving　8.innocence Ⅲ.1.at the risk of her own life　2.By the time the rain stopped;had already finished planting all the trees　3.With the sun shining brightly　4.as if he had run a marathon　5.saw her sitting alone on the bench Ⅳ.Activity 1 1.whether to build a paper factory　2.worried about pollution　3.I insisted;at the risk of ruining our clean rivers and fresh air　4.As the decision-making day came around　5.protecting our home was more important than quick profits Activity 2 In our small town,people were discussing whether to build a paper factory.Some thought it could bring jobs and money,but I worried about pollution.“We can’t just think about making money,” I insisted.“I know I might seem annoying by saying this,but we’re at the risk of ruining our clean rivers and fresh air.” As the decision-making day came around,I showed everyone pictures of polluted places.Slowly,more people began to understand that protecting our home was more important than quick profits. Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己参加肯塔基州博览会并观看鸡鸣大赛的难忘经历。 1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中“The noise started just after 2 p.m.and by the time it stopped,the dozen or so roosters would stretch open their mouths,extend their necks and cry out more than 100 times collectively in this event,which is one of the oldest contests at the Kentucky State Fair.”可知,这是肯塔基州博览会上最古老的比赛之一。由此可见,这是当地的一项传统。故选D项。 2.B　词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Kentuckians,young and old,bring their roosters to the fair to see who can crow the most in a 15-minute stretch.”及第二段短语所在句“The only real rules are that you have to bring a rooster and that you can’t egg it on during its 15 minutes in the spotlight”可知,这里是比赛组织者John Ball在给作者说明比赛规则,由第一段的描述来看,鸣叫应是公鸡的自发行为,所以该短语的意思应指人不可以刺激、怂恿鸡发出鸣叫。故选B项。 3.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“When I introduced myself to him,he was already covering his rooster’s eyes gently with his hand.”及“Part of the trick was to make his rooster believe the sun hadn’t risen yet.That way,it would be ready to cry out as soon as it saw the light.”可知,Ben的策略是用手捂住鸡的眼睛,使其误以为太阳还没升起,从而达到混淆时间的目的。故选A项。 4.C　最佳标题题。总览全文,特别是第一段中“Kentuckians,young and old,bring their roosters to the fair to see who can crow the most in a 15-minute stretch.”可知,作者主要讲述了自己参加肯塔基州博览会的一次经历:在博览会上,作者观看了一场令人难忘的比赛,当地人带着自己的公鸡来到一个舞台上,在规定的时间内看哪只公鸡打鸣次数最多。故选C项。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们通过对很久以前的远古鱼化石的研究发现水温过暖会让一些鱼类灭绝。令人担忧的是今天的气候变暖也恐带来类似的灾难。 5.B　推理判断题。根据第一段可知,文章开头对秘鲁鳀鱼的详细介绍都只是为了引出一个令科学家们担忧的现象。然后接下来就是对这种现象的具体描述、原因分析以及如何应对的方法介绍。故选B项。 6.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中“The new record of climate change’s impact on fish shows predators from seabirds to marine mammals would have a tough time without anchovies.”以及“Their smaller size makes them harder to catch,requiring nets with smaller holes that are difficult to clean.And because they don’t gather in dense groups,trawlers would need to take longer voyages,burning more fuel,to catch large numbers.”可知,捕食者和渔业将遭受气候变化带来的负面影响。故选D项。 7.C　词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Researchers have long been worried about the impact of climate change on wild fish populations.One reason is that some species require low temperature in order to reproduce.A broader issue is that when water gets warmer,it contains less oxygen.”可知,海洋生物学家一直担忧鱼类的数量,接下来就分析了原因,原因之一就是水温高导致水里的氧气量变少,这为大鱼带来了阻碍,故“handicap”和obstacle(障碍;阻碍)词义一致。故选C项。 8.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The anchovy population in Peru is already well managed,and many improvements in different fishes are on the way.”可知,作者对渔业未来的态度应该是乐观的。故选C项。 知识积累卡 一、1.共同地;全体地　2.碾碎　3.控制;支配　4.保守的 二、1.伸长脖子　2.在座位上做好 三、定语　宾语　状语　同位语 如今,研究古代化石的科学家们已经证实,曾经温暖的海水几乎使这种宝贵的资源灭绝,这引发了人们的担忧,担心如今的气候变化可能会重蹈覆辙。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $