Unit1 Time to Relax 第四课时(SectionB1a-1e)课后分层作业+知识清单-2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit1 Time to Relax 第四课时(SectionB1a-1e)知识清单 1、 重点词汇（必背 + 词性转换） 英文 音标 词性 中文释义 词性转换 calligraphy /kəˈlɪɡrəfi/ n. 书法 calligrapher (n. 书法家) coin /kɔɪn/ n. 硬币 — poem /ˈpəʊɪm/ n. 诗 poet (n. 诗人); poetry (n. 诗歌总称) football /ˈfʊtbɔːl/ n. 足球 football player (n. 足球运动员) ice skating /aɪs ˈskeɪtɪŋ/ n. 滑冰 skate (v. 滑冰); skater (n. 滑冰者) sport /spɔːt/ n. 运动 sports (adj. 运动的); sportsman (n. 运动员) story /ˈstɔːri/ n. 故事 storyteller (n. 讲故事的人); storied (adj. 传说的) tennis /ˈtenɪs/ n. 网球 tennis player (n. 网球运动员) stamp /stæmp/ n. 邮票 — postcard /ˈpəʊstkɑːd/ n. 明信片 — guitar /ɡɪˈtɑː(r)/ n. 吉他 guitarist (n. 吉他手) skiing /ˈskiːɪŋ/ n. 滑雪 ski (v. 滑雪); skier (n. 滑雪者) suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/ n. 建议；提议 suggest (v. 建议) failure /ˈfeɪljə(r)/ n. 失败 fail (v. 失败); failed (adj. 失败的) inspiration /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn/ n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人 / 事 inspire (v. 鼓舞；启发); inspired (adj. 受启发的); inspiring (adj. 鼓舞人心的) 2、 重点短语（必背） 动词搭配类 1.collect coins/stamps/postcards 收集硬币 / 邮票 / 明信片 2. do calligraphy/sports 练书法 / 做运动 3. go ice skating/skiing 去滑冰 / 滑雪 4. play football/tennis/guitar 踢足球 / 打网球 / 弹吉他 5. write poems/stories 写诗 / 写故事 功能短语类 6. take up a hobby 培养一个爱好 7.give up 放弃 7. get over 克服 9.reduce stress 缓解压力 10. find it fun to (do sth.) 发现做某事很有趣 11.so far 到目前为止 12.on stage 在舞台上 13. chat with sb. 和某人聊天 三、重点句型（必背 + 会用） 1.询问爱好建议 ◦ A: Hey, I heard you’re thinking about taking up a hobby?嘿，我听说你在考虑培养一个爱好？ ◦ B: Yes, I am. Any suggestions?是的，有什么建议吗？ 2. 描述爱好的意义 ◦ Well, I find it fun to paint. It’s a great way to reduce stress and express myself.嗯，我发现画画很有趣。这是缓解压力和表达自我的好方法。 3. 鼓励与克服困难 ◦ As long as you don’t give up, you’ll get better at it over time.只要你不放弃，随着时间推移你会变得更擅长。 ◦ I should get over my fear of failure and just try to have fun.我应该克服对失败的恐惧，只管去享受乐趣。 4. 描述个人经历与成就 ◦ My biggest inspiration is my dance instructor.我最大的灵感来源是我的舞蹈老师。 ◦ I was really scared to perform in front of others.我以前很害怕在别人面前表演。 ◦ We chatted after class one day, and I realized that he was surprisingly nice!有一天下课后我们聊了天，我发现他出人意料地和蔼！ ◦ My greatest achievement so far is dancing in front of hundreds of people last year.到目前为止，我最大的成就是去年在数百人面前跳舞。 ◦ I was quite calm when I danced on stage, and I had a great time after all!我在舞台上跳舞时很平静，最后玩得很开心！ 语法点拨 动名词作宾语 think about taking up a hobby （about 后接动名词） be scared to perform （to 后接动词原形） help me to get over my fear （to 后接动词原形） it 作形式宾语 I find it fun to paint. （真正宾语是 to paint，it 作形式宾语，避免头重脚轻） 现在完成时标志 so far 到目前为止 → 常与现在完成时连用 My greatest achievement so far is… I have finished three tasks so far. 自我检测小练习 一、根据句意及首字母 / 汉语提示写单词（每空 1 分，共 10 分） 1. My brother likes playing football and he wants to be a football ______ (运动员) in the future. 2. My teacher gave me some good ______ (suggest) on how to learn English well. 3. He failed the exam again, which made him very sad. Failure is the mother of ______ (成功). 4. The little boy likes writing ______ (poem) and he often reads them to his classmates. 5. My dance ______ (instruct) is very strict with us, but he is kind after class. 6. I was scared to ______ (perform) on the stage at first, but now I am brave. 7. My ______ (achievement) so far is that I have learned to play the guitar. 8. We should ______ (get over) our fear and try new things bravely. 9. The story is very ______ (surprise) and everyone likes it. 10. I like ______ (chat) with my friends after dinner. 二、从方框中选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空（每短语限用 1 次，共 10 分） take up, give up, so far, on stage, find it fun to, reduce stress, chat with, be strict with, get over, in total 1. — What do you want to ______ as a hobby?— I want to learn to play the piano. 2. ______, we have finished three-fourths of the work. 3. She likes dancing. She ______ dancing ______ the stage last night. 4. Painting is a great way to ______. 5. I ______ ______ ______ (paint). It makes me relaxed. 6. Don’t ______ your dream. Keep working hard and you will succeed. 7. My teacher ______ us in our study, but he is friendly in life. 8. I ______ my grandfather yesterday. He told me a lot of interesting stories. 9. ______, there are 50 students in our class. 10. We should ______ our fear of failure and face challenges bravely. 三、单项选择（每小题 2 分，共 20 分） 1. — What do you think of the movie?— It’s ______ interesting ______ I want to watch it again. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 2. My father is a ______. He likes ______ basketball. A. sport; play B. sports; playing C. sport; playing D. sports; play 3. — Why do you like collecting stamps?— Because I can learn a lot of knowledge ______ them. A. from B. to C. for D. with 4. He ______ his fear of heights and climbed to the top of the mountain. A. got over B. gave up C. took up D. looked for 5. — How many books have you read ______?— About 20. A. in total B. so far C. at present D. at last 6. I find ______ easy to learn English songs. A. that B. this C. it D. one 7. My mother is ______ with me. She always asks me to get up early. A. kind B. strict C. patient D. angry 8. — What’s your hobby?— I like ______ stories. A. write B. writes C. writing D. wrote 9. The teacher told us that we shouldn’t ______ in class. A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked 10. — Did you go to the park yesterday?— No, I didn’t. I ______ at home and watched TV. A. stay B. stayed C. stays D. am staying 四、按要求完成句子（每空 1 分，共 10 分） 1. I find it interesting to learn English. (改为同义句) I find ______ ______ interesting. 2. My biggest achievement so far is winning the English speech contest. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ your biggest achievement so far? 3. He is afraid to speak in public. (改为同义句) He is ______ ______ speaking in public. 4. I have collected 100 stamps so far. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ stamps have you collected so far? 5. She thinks of taking up a new hobby. (改为否定句) She ______ ______ of taking up a new hobby. 自我检测答案 1、 单词拼写 1. player 2. suggestions 3. success 4. poems 5. instructor 2. perform 7. achievement 8. get over 9. surprising 10. chatting 2、 短语填空 1. take up 2. So far 3. performed; on 4. reduce stress 5. find it fun to 2. give up 7. is strict with 8. chatted with 9. In total 10. get over 3、 单项选择 1-5: ABABB 6-10: CBCAB 四、句型转换 1. learning English; is 2. What is 3. afraid of 4. How many 5. doesn’t think 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit1 Time to Relax Section B How can a hobby improve your life? 第五课时 (Section B Vocabulary in use 2a-2c) 分层作业 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1.Peter overcame his fear and stood on the ________ (舞台) to make his speech.. 2.As we know, Germans are ___ (严格的) with their work and they don’t like to be late. 3. Although the two plans are ____ /ˈsɪmələ(r)/, she has to make a choice between them. 4. Next year the new metro line will be open to r________ the traffic pressure.. 5.The little girl is interested in performing on the ________ (舞台). 6. Now I’ve been better at playing tennis and gotten over my fear of f________. . 答案：1.stage 2.strict 3.similar 4.reduce 5.stage 6.failure 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 suggestion failure  surprisingly   similarity  take inspire 1. The two paintings share a strong ________ in color and style. 2. ________, he forgot his best friend’s birthday last week. 3. Don’t be afraid of ________—it helps us learn and grow. 4. My sister plans to _____up a new hobby like painting or dancing. 5. Can you give me a __________ on which book to read for the book report? 6. Dreams can be a rich source of ________ (inspire) for an artist. 答案：1.similarity 2.Surprisingly 3.failure 4.take 5.suggestion 6.inspiration 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.世上无难事，只怕有心人。 Nothing is difficult ________ ________ ________ you put your heart into it. 2. 我们应该严于律己，宽以待人。 We should be ________ ________ ourselves, but be kind to others.. 3.人人都有起步之时。 Everyone ________. 4.与我最喜欢的朋友在大自然度过周末时光是有趣的事情。 It’s fun to spend the weekend ________ ________ nature ________ my favourite friend. 5.我们发现探索新地方很有趣。 We ________ ________ ________ ________ explore new places. 6.我最喜欢的业余活动之一是骑马。 One of my favourite free-time ________ ________ horse ________. 7.不必紧张，毕竟这不是个大问题。 Don’t be nervous—it isn’t a big problem ________ ________. 8.每年都有数百名学生参加学校运动会。 ________ ________ students take part in the school sports meeting every year.. 答案：1.as long as 2.strict with 3.starts somewhere 4.being in with 5.find it interesting to 6.activities is riding 7.after all 8.Hundreds of 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 although, be, find, watch, use, result, health, surprise, hard,less Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. Our questions were about exercise, use of the Internet and watching TV. Here are the     1    . We     2     that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day. Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week. Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week. And twenty percent do not exercise at all! We all know that many students often go online, but we were     3     that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at     4     three or four times a week. Most students use it for fun and not for homework. The answers to our questions about     5     television were also interesting. Only two percent of the students watch TV one to three times a week. Thirteen percent watch TV four to six times a week. And eighty-five percent watch TV every day!     6     many students like to watch sport, game shows are the most popular. It’s good to relax by     7     the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. It is     8     for the mind and the body. Exercise such as playing sport     9     fun, and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. And remember, "Old habits die     10    ." So start exercising before it's too late! 答案：1.results 2.found 3.surprised 4.least 5.watching 6.Although 7.using 8.healthy 9.is 10.hard 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。 What do middle school students around the world do after school? Recently, we did a survey among 2,000 students from 10 countries, including China, the US, Japan, and Germany. The survey shows that their free-time activities are different but also have something in common, reflecting their different lifestyles and study habits. First,  ★ . About 65% of the students said they do sports at least three times a week. In the US, many students play basketball or football with their friends after school. In Japan, swimming and judo are their favorite sports. For Chinese students, running and badminton are more common. Second, many students spend time on academic activities. Around 40% of them do their homework first, and some join after-school classes, such as math or English. German students like to go to the library to read books in their free time, while Japanese students often do group study with their classmates. Besides, about 30% of the students do housework or take part in volunteer activities. They help their parents clean rooms, cook meals, or help old people cross the street. These activities teach them responsibility and make them more independent. In short, middle school students’ free-time activities around the world are colorful. They not only help students relax after study but also help them develop skills and good habits. No matter what activities they do, the most important thing is to balance study and rest. ()1. What does the underlined word “academic” mean in Paragraph 3? A．practical B．social C．physical D．educational ()2. Which of the following can be put in ★ in Paragraph 2? A．students all over the world hate doing sports B．doing sports is the least popular free-time activity C．doing sports is the most popular free-time activity D．students only do sports on weekends ()3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Chinese students like playing basketball best after school. B．40% of the students join after-school classes every day. C．German students like reading in the library in their free time. D．Japanese students never do group study with classmates. ()4. Which is the right structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． ()5. What can we learn from the passage? A．Students’ free-time activities are the same all over the world. B．Doing volunteer activities can make students more independent. C．The survey was done among 2,000 students from 5 countries. D．Relaxing is more important than studying for students. 答案：1.D 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） A hobby, explains WebMD, can be any activity you enjoy doing in your free time,     1     It fills you with a sense of success and happiness.     2     But how do you go about finding one or ones that work for you?     3     Creative hobbies are ones like painting, acting and writing poetry. Intellectual (智力的) hobbies are ones that improve our thinking, such as reading and playing chess. Do some research and talk to people who already do these activities to learn about them before starting new hobbies. Take Jen, a woman who has rediscovered her love for sewing (缝纫), as an example. She remembers the joy of sewing with her late mother as a child. When she became a mother herself, she found that motherhood woke up her creativity.     4     Today, it allows her to relax and find joy in a busy world. It’s true that our lives feel like they’ve never been busier. Adults have many duties and stresses children don’t, which makes it harder to make time for hobbies. But maybe that’s exactly why we should do it. After all, hobbies can help us relax and reduce stress.    5 A．She felt free to return to her childhood hobby. B．As a result, you will feel less stressed after a hard day at work. C．She felt she was too busy to sew. D．or it can be an activity you eagerly look forward to. E．So make time for a hobby! F．In fact, there are many kinds of hobbies for you to choose from. 答案：1.D 2.B 3.F 4.A 5.E 思维创新 任务型阅读。 Different Relaxation Ways Around the World People in different countries have their own favorite ways to relax, and these ways often come from their cultures. In Japan, the tea ceremony is a popular relaxation activity. It is not a quick process—every step, from preparing tea to serving it, is slow and careful. People love it because it helps them feel peaceful and forget their daily stress. In Mexico, family is very important. So on weekends, Mexican families usually have big gatherings. They eat delicious food, talk with each other, and play games together. It makes them feel close and happy. In China, many old people enjoy gardening. My Chinese neighbor, Mr. Li, has been gardening for two years. He grows flowers and vegetables in his yard. He says gardening lets him get close to nature and relax after a busy day. No matter which way people choose, the goal is the same: to reduce stress and enjoy life. 1.What do people in Japan think of the tea ceremony? __________________(不少于20词) 2-4题. 根据短文内容补全表格 Country Relaxation Way Main Feature Japan Tea ceremony ___2_____（不少于5个词） Mexico _____3____（不少于3个词） Get together with family China Gardening ____4_____（不少于10词） 5. Why do Mexican families like having gatherings? __________________（不少于10词） 答案：1.They love it because it helps them feel peaceful and forget their daily stress 2. Slow and careful 3.. Family gatherings 4. Get close to nature and relax 5. Because it makes them feel close and happy. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit1 Time to Relax Section B How can a hobby improve your life? 第五课时 (Section B Vocabulary in use 2a-2c) 分层作业 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1.Peter overcame his fear and stood on the ________ (舞台) to make his speech.. 2.As we know, Germans are ___ (严格的) with their work and they don’t like to be late. 3. Although the two plans are ____ /ˈsɪmələ(r)/, she has to make a choice between them. 4. Next year the new metro line will be open to r________ the traffic pressure.. 5.The little girl is interested in performing on the ________ (舞台). 6. Now I’ve been better at playing tennis and gotten over my fear of f________. . 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 suggestion failure  surprisingly   similarity  take inspire 1. The two paintings share a strong ________ in color and style. 2. ________, he forgot his best friend’s birthday last week. 3. Don’t be afraid of ________—it helps us learn and grow. 4. My sister plans to _____up a new hobby like painting or dancing. 5. Can you give me a __________ on which book to read for the book report? 6. Dreams can be a rich source of ________ (inspire) for an artist. 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1.世上无难事，只怕有心人。 Nothing is difficult ________ ________ ________ you put your heart into it. 2. 我们应该严于律己，宽以待人。 We should be ________ ________ ourselves, but be kind to others.. 3.人人都有起步之时。 Everyone ________. 4.与我最喜欢的朋友在大自然度过周末时光是有趣的事情。 It’s fun to spend the weekend ________ ________ nature ________ my favourite friend. 5.我们发现探索新地方很有趣。 We ________ ________ ________ ________ explore new places. 6.我最喜欢的业余活动之一是骑马。 One of my favourite free-time ________ ________ horse ________. 7.不必紧张，毕竟这不是个大问题。 Don’t be nervous—it isn’t a big problem ________ ________. 8.每年都有数百名学生参加学校运动会。 ________ ________ students take part in the school sports meeting every year.. 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 although, be, find, watch, use, result, health, surprise, hard,less Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. Our questions were about exercise, use of the Internet and watching TV. Here are the     1    . We     2     that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day. Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week. Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week. And twenty percent do not exercise at all! We all know that many students often go online, but we were     3     that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at     4     three or four times a week. Most students use it for fun and not for homework. The answers to our questions about     5     television were also interesting. Only two percent of the students watch TV one to three times a week. Thirteen percent watch TV four to six times a week. And eighty-five percent watch TV every day!     6     many students like to watch sport, game shows are the most popular. It’s good to relax by     7     the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. It is     8     for the mind and the body. Exercise such as playing sport     9     fun, and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together. And remember, "Old habits die     10    ." So start exercising before it's too late! 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。 What do middle school students around the world do after school? Recently, we did a survey among 2,000 students from 10 countries, including China, the US, Japan, and Germany. The survey shows that their free-time activities are different but also have something in common, reflecting their different lifestyles and study habits. First,  ★ . About 65% of the students said they do sports at least three times a week. In the US, many students play basketball or football with their friends after school. In Japan, swimming and judo are their favorite sports. For Chinese students, running and badminton are more common. Second, many students spend time on academic activities. Around 40% of them do their homework first, and some join after-school classes, such as math or English. German students like to go to the library to read books in their free time, while Japanese students often do group study with their classmates. Besides, about 30% of the students do housework or take part in volunteer activities. They help their parents clean rooms, cook meals, or help old people cross the street. These activities teach them responsibility and make them more independent. In short, middle school students’ free-time activities around the world are colorful. They not only help students relax after study but also help them develop skills and good habits. No matter what activities they do, the most important thing is to balance study and rest. ()1. What does the underlined word “academic” mean in Paragraph 3? A．practical B．social C．physical D．educational ()2. Which of the following can be put in ★ in Paragraph 2? A．students all over the world hate doing sports B．doing sports is the least popular free-time activity C．doing sports is the most popular free-time activity D．students only do sports on weekends ()3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Chinese students like playing basketball best after school. B．40% of the students join after-school classes every day. C．German students like reading in the library in their free time. D．Japanese students never do group study with classmates. ()4. Which is the right structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． ()5. What can we learn from the passage? A．Students’ free-time activities are the same all over the world. B．Doing volunteer activities can make students more independent. C．The survey was done among 2,000 students from 5 countries. D．Relaxing is more important than studying for students. 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余） A hobby, explains WebMD, can be any activity you enjoy doing in your free time,     1     It fills you with a sense of success and happiness.     2     But how do you go about finding one or ones that work for you?     3     Creative hobbies are ones like painting, acting and writing poetry. Intellectual (智力的) hobbies are ones that improve our thinking, such as reading and playing chess. Do some research and talk to people who already do these activities to learn about them before starting new hobbies. Take Jen, a woman who has rediscovered her love for sewing (缝纫), as an example. She remembers the joy of sewing with her late mother as a child. When she became a mother herself, she found that motherhood woke up her creativity.     4     Today, it allows her to relax and find joy in a busy world. It’s true that our lives feel like they’ve never been busier. Adults have many duties and stresses children don’t, which makes it harder to make time for hobbies. But maybe that’s exactly why we should do it. After all, hobbies can help us relax and reduce stress.    5 A．She felt free to return to her childhood hobby. B．As a result, you will feel less stressed after a hard day at work. C．She felt she was too busy to sew. D．or it can be an activity you eagerly look forward to. E．So make time for a hobby! F．In fact, there are many kinds of hobbies for you to choose from. 思维创新 任务型阅读。 Different Relaxation Ways Around the World People in different countries have their own favorite ways to relax, and these ways often come from their cultures. In Japan, the tea ceremony is a popular relaxation activity. It is not a quick process—every step, from preparing tea to serving it, is slow and careful. People love it because it helps them feel peaceful and forget their daily stress. In Mexico, family is very important. So on weekends, Mexican families usually have big gatherings. They eat delicious food, talk with each other, and play games together. It makes them feel close and happy. In China, many old people enjoy gardening. My Chinese neighbor, Mr. Li, has been gardening for two years. He grows flowers and vegetables in his yard. He says gardening lets him get close to nature and relax after a busy day. No matter which way people choose, the goal is the same: to reduce stress and enjoy life. 1.What do people in Japan think of the tea ceremony? __________________(不少于20词) 2-4题. 根据短文内容补全表格 Country Relaxation Way Main Feature Japan Tea ceremony ___2_____（不少于5个词） Mexico _____3____（不少于3个词） Get together with family China Gardening ____4_____（不少于10词） 5. Why do Mexican families like having gatherings? __________________（不少于10词） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $