Unit 1 知识清单 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

重点词汇 一、黑体，要求掌握听/说/读/写 1. 动词 (v.) ski /skiː/ v. 滑雪 program /ˈprəʊɡræm/ v. 编写程序 express /ɪkˈspres/ v. 表达；表示 fear /fɪə(r)/ v. 害怕；担忧 return /rɪˈtɜːn/ v. 回来；归还 deal /diːl/ v. (dealt, dealt, dealt) 对付 manage /ˈmænɪdʒ/ v. 完成（困难的事）；管理 push /pʊʃ/ v. 鞭策；推 reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ v. 减少 allow /əˈlaʊ/ v. 使……成为可能；允许 dream /driːm/ v. 梦想；希望 2. 名词 (n.) instructor /ɪnˈstrʌktə(r)/ n. 教练；指导者 outing /ˈaʊtɪŋ/ n. 外出游玩；远足 stress /stres/ n. 精神压力；紧张 object /ˈɒbdʒɪkt/ n. 物品；宾语 programmer /ˈprəʊɡræmə(r)/ n. 程序设计员 achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ n. 成就 coin /kɔɪn/ n. 硬币 stamp /stæmp/ n. 邮票 postcard /ˈpəʊstkɑːd/ n. 明信片 suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/ n. 建议；提议 failure /ˈfeɪljə(r)/ n. 失败 stage /steɪdʒ/ n. 舞台；阶段 3. 形容词 (adj.) scared /skeəd/ adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌的 teenage /ˈtiːneɪdʒ/ adj. 青少年的 old-fashioned /ˌəʊld ˈfæʃnd/ adj. 过时的；守旧的 foreign /ˈfɒrən/ adj. 外国的；国外的 strict /strɪkt/ adj. 严厉的；严格的 4. 副词 (adv.) surprisingly /səˈpraɪzɪŋli/ adv. 出人意料地；惊人地 importantly /ɪmˈpɔːtntli/ adv. 重要地 rather /ˈrɑːðə(r)/ adv. 相当；更准确地说 二、兼词（多词性） 1. chat /tʃæt/ v. & n. 闲聊 2. program /ˈprəʊɡræm/ v. 编写程序；n. ( = programme) 节目；项目；程序 3. fear /fɪə(r)/ n. & v. 害怕；担忧 4. return /rɪˈtɜːn/ n. & v. 回来；归还 5. push /pʊʃ/ v. 鞭策；推；n. 推 6. object /ˈɒbdʒɪkt/ n. 物品；宾语；v. 反对（教材标注） 7. Italian /ɪˈtæliən/ adj. 意大利的；意大利人的；意大利语的；n. 意大利人；意大利语 8. deal /diːl/ n. 交易；协议；v. (dealt, dealt, dealt) 对付 三、非黑体，认知理解 calligraphy /kəˈlɪɡrəfi/ n. 书法 stroke /strəʊk/ n. 笔画；击球 ink /ɪŋk/ n. 墨水 yoga /ˈjəʊɡə/ n. 瑜伽 Italian /ɪˈtæliən/ adj. 意大利的；意大利人的；n. 意大利人；意大利语 inspiration /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn/ n. 鼓舞人心的人（或事物）；灵感 重点词形转化 重点短语 1. scare v.n. 害怕；使害怕 → scared adj. 害怕的 → scary adj. 可怕的、吓人的 2. instruct v. 指导、指示 → instructor n. 指导者、教练 → instruction n. 指示、说明 3. program n.v. 程序；计划；编程 → programming n. 编程；节目制作 → programmer n. 程序员 4. express v.adj. 表达；迅速的 → expression n. 表达、表情 5. suggest v. 建议 → suggestion n. 建议 6. fail v. 失败、未能 → failure n. 失败 7. achieve v. 实现、取得 → achievement n. 成就、成绩 8. important adj. 重要的 → importance n. 重要性 → importantly adv. 重要地 9. Italy n. 意大利 → Italian n.adj. 意大利人/意大利的；意大利语/意大利语的 10. surprise v.n. 使惊讶；惊喜 → surprised adj. 感到惊讶的 → surprising adj. 令人惊讶的 → surprisingly adv. 令人惊讶地（回顾relax/excite/bore/interest等词形转化考点） 11. foreign adj. 外国的 → foreigner n. 外国人 12. inspire v. 鼓舞，激励→ inspiration (n.) 灵感；鼓舞 13. chat → chatting (n.&v.) 闲聊 → chatted （过去式）闲聊 1. do calligraphy 练书法 2. play the flute 吹笛子 3. at first 起初；首先 4. at the weekend 在周末 5. in one's free time 在某人的空闲时间 6. be worried about 担心 7. on the other hand 另一方面 8. look for 寻找 9. calm down 冷静下来 10. keep fit 保持健康 11. around the world 全世界 12. at the same time 同时 13. take up 开始从事；占据 14. put up 张贴；搭建；举起 15. as long as 只要 16. hundreds of 数百的；成百上千的 17. after all 毕竟；终究 18. spend time with somebody 花时间和某人在一起 19. spend time on something 花时间在某事上 20. spend time ( in )doing something 花时间做某事 单元语法 交际功能句 1. 旧知复习 ①动词不定式作宾语的谓语动词： hope to do, need to do,decide to do... ②it形式主语句型：动词不定式作真正主语 It’s fun to play badminton in my spare time. 新知 1. 动词不定式作目的状语 参考以下思维导图 2. 动词不定式作宾语补足语 3. 能力提升（理解即可）：it形式宾语句型：动词不定式作真正宾语I find it fun to play badminton in my spare time. 1.—What do you do in your free time? / What do you do when you are free? —I like to read books and listen to music.I love/like/enjoyplaying basketball with my friends. 2. —How do you spend your weekend? —By reading a storybook.I spend my weekend by going ice skating.I like spending time with my family. 3. —Why do you do/like it? —Because it’s very interesting./It can make me relaxed./Because it helps me make more friends. 4. —How does your hobby help you? —My hobby helps me to relax after school/learn new things every day./To improve my hands-on ability./It makes me feel happy to play the flute./It’s a great way to express my feelings. 5. —What do you think of playing the guitar? —I think it’s a great way to show myself. It’s a little difficult but fun./Cool. 6. —What hobby would you like to take up? —I'd like/love to take up playing the piano. /I want to take up taking photos in my free time. /Running . 7. —Shall we take up a new hobby/do calligraphy together?—How about going hiking in our free time?Let’s learn painting as a hobby this weekend.Would you like to ...? —Sounds good./That's great./It's a good idea.OK/Sure.Why not?All right.I’d love to. 8. —Can I ...with you together? 肯定：Yes, of course.Sure.No problem.OK. 否定：Sorry, you can’t.+理由. I’m afraid not.+理由. I’d love to, but +理由. 作文范文 范文1 I like spending time with friends more than staying at home. There are two reasons. First, hanging out with friends is fun and exciting. We can talk,laugh,and try new games. Second,it makes me feel more relaxed than sitting at home alone. At weekends,my friends and I often play sports,have lunch outside,or go to parks. Last weekend,we visited a museum and saw interesting things about animals. These activities keep me healthy and teach me new things. Also,I feel happier when I’m with people. In short,weekends with friends are special. They make me happy, help me learn,and give me great memories. 范文2 In our group, seven people like reading books. It is the most popular activity in our group. We like it because reading makes us smart and happy. When we feel bored after class, a good book can help us forget our worries. We love different kinds of books. Some of us like storybooks. They are full of interesting plots and we can imagine new worlds. Others like science books. They teach us many new things about nature and space. When we feel sad, funny stories can make us laugh and feel better. We often share our favorite books with each other. During break time, we talk about new books or funny plots（情节）. It is great when we find friends who like the same books. Reading brings us closer and makes our time together more fun. That’s why it’s our top activity! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $