Unit4 语法专项课件 一般现在时被动语态 2025-2026学年冀教版八年级英语下册

教学课件 冀教英语八年级下册 Unit4 语法专项—— 一般现在时被动语态 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 掌握一般现在时被动语态的定义与适用场景 熟记肯定、否定、疑问三种基本句式 熟练完成主动语态与被动语态的句式转换 正确书写规则与不规则动词过去分词 能在各类题型中准确使用被动语态 主动语态与被动语态区别 主动语态：主语是动作的执行者 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 被动语态核心：强调动作承受者，不突出执行者 一般现在时被动：表示经常性、习惯性、客观事实的被动 常用时间标志：often, always, every day, usually 一般现在时被动语态—肯定句 基本结构：主语 + am/is/are + 动词过去分词 主语为I时，搭配am 主语为单数名词/代词时，搭配is 主语为复数名词/代词时，搭配are 例句：English is spoken in many countries. 一般现在时被动语态—否定句 基本结构：主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词过去分词 常见缩写形式：isn’t, aren’t 否定含义表示动作不被执行 例句：Litter is not allowed in public places. 例句：These books aren’t taken out of the library. 一般现在时被动语态—一般疑问句 基本结构：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词过去分词 回答用Yes或No开头，简短作答即可 例句：Is rice grown in the south of China? 肯定回答：Yes, it is. 否定回答：No, it isn’t. 一般现在时被动语态—特殊疑问句 基本结构：疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 动词过去分词 常用疑问词：what, where, how, who 用于对动作的对象、地点、方式等提问 例句：Where are these cars made? 例句：How is this word used? be动词选用口诀 I用am，you用are 单数名词用is 复数名词全用are 变疑问，be动词提前 变否定，be动词后加not 被动语态核心用法一 不知道动作的执行者是谁 动作执行者不重要，无需说明 多用于客观事实、普遍现象描述 例句：Stamps are used for sending letters. 例句：This kind of glass is made in China. 被动语态核心用法二 用于正式、客观的书面表达 常见场景：规则、通知、标志、说明 语气更礼貌、严谨、正式 例句：Silence is kept in the library. 例句：Patients are taken good care of in hospital. 主动变被动—转换步骤 主动句宾语变为被动句主语 根据新主语选择am/is/are 主动句动词变为过去分词 可选择加by + 原主语表示执行者 时间、地点、方式状语保持不变 主动变被动—例句 主动句：We clean the classroom every day. 被动句：The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 主动句：People grow tea in Hangzhou. 被动句：Tea is grown in Hangzhou. 主动句：She helps the old man. 被动句：The old man is helped by her. 规则动词过去分词变化（一） 一般情况：动词末尾直接加-ed follow → followed clean → cleaned play → played help → helped 规则动词过去分词变化（二） 以字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d like → liked live → lived use → used love → loved 规则动词过去分词变化（三） 辅音字母 + y结尾，变y为i再加-ed study → studied worry → worried try → tried carry → carried 规则动词过去分词变化（四） 重读闭音节、末尾单一辅音字母，双写末尾辅音字母，再加-ed stop → stopped plan → planned drop → dropped 不规则动词过去分词（必背）make → made do → done say → said 常见易错点（一） 主语是物品、无法发出动作，必须用被动 错误表达：The room cleans every day. 正确表达：The room is cleaned every day. 错误表达：Houses build quickly. 正确表达：Houses are built quickly. 常见易错点（二） 被动语态不可缺少am/is/are 错误表达：The door opened by him. 正确表达：The door is opened by him. 错误表达：Letters sent every morning. 正确表达：Letters are sent every morning. 常见易错点（三） 必须使用正确的过去分词形式 错误：is speak / are write 正确：is spoken / are written 错误：is take / are say 正确：is taken / are said 拓展—情态动词+被动语态 结构：情态动词 + be + 动词过去分词 常用情态动词：must, should, can, may 多用于规则、要求、建议等语气 例句：Rules must be followed everywhere. 例句：Homework should be finished on time. 单项选择 1. English ______ all over the world. A. speak B. speaks C. is spoken 2. The flowers ______ every morning. A. water B. are watered C. watered 3. ______ this cup ______ in China? A. Is; made B. Does; make C. Are; made 4. Noise ______ in the hospital. A. is not allowed B. doesn’t allow C. not allow 5. Rice ______ in the south of China.A. grows B. are grown C. is grown C B A A C 6. These books ______ out of the library. A. can’t take B. can’t be taken C. not take 7. Knives ______ for cutting things. A. is used B. are used C. use 8. ______ are these bikes made? A. What B. Where C. Who 9.The classroom ______ every day. A. cleans B. is cleaned C. cleaned 10. Cats ______ to catch mice. A. use B. are used C. used B B B B B 句型转换—主动变被动 People use wood to make tables. We clean the classroom every day. She waters the flowers every morning. They speak French in France. He finishes homework on time. Wood is used to make tables. The classroom is cleaned by us every day. The flowers are watered by her every morning. French is spoken by them in France. Homework is finished by him on time. 句型转换—主动变被动 We should protect the environment. People don’t allow smoking in public. Teachers often ask us to read more. They make cars in this factory. Do you clean your room every week? The environment should be protected by us. Smoking isn’t allowed in public by people. We are often asked to read more by teachers. Cars are made by them in this factory. Is your room cleaned by you every week? 动词适当形式填空 Glass ________________ (make) from sand. Trees ________________ (plant) in March every year. English ________________ (learn) by many people. The door ________________ (open) every morning. These magazines ________________ (not read) by students. is made are planted is learned is opened aren’t read 动词适当形式填空 ___________ computers ___________ (use) every day? The work ___________ (finish) on time. Pens ___________ (use) for writing. This song ___________ (like) by most students. Vegetables ___________ (sell) in the market. Are used is finished are used is liked are sold 判断句子正误并改正 Wood are used to make paper. The classroom clean every day. Is these bikes made in Shanghai? French are spoken in France. Knives is used for cutting. 错误 改为：Wood is used to make paper. 错误 改为：The classroom is cleaned every day. 错误 改为：Are these bikes made in Shanghai? 错误 改为：French is spoken in France. 错误 改为：Knives are used for cutting. 完形填空 Rules are very important in our life. Most rules 1.____________ (make) to keep us safe. Signs 2.____________ (put) in public places. Rules 3.____________ (follow) by everyone. Litter 4.____________ (not allow) anywhere. Quiet 5.____________ (keep) in libraries and hospitals. are made are put are followed isn’t allowed is kept 课堂小结 一般现在时被动语态核心结构：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 主要用于强调动作承受者与正式客观表达 主动变被动遵循宾变主、变动词、可加by的规则 注意be动词与主语单复数一致 牢记规则与不规则动词过去分词写法 教学课件 Unit4 语法专项—— 一般现在时被动语态 Thank you for listening! 28 $