Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Reading and Thinking 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第三册

Reading and Thinking Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 新人教版必修第三册 By the end of this unit, you will be able to: 1. Figure out the main structure and the text type of the passage through the textual pattern analysis. 2. Identify the main ideas of paragraphs when analyzing a text. 3. Enhance the reading ability. 4. Reflect on youselves and express your opinions on life choices. Learning objectives: Think Share 1. What are some important life choices? …… Think Share 2. What guides people to make important life choices? Think Share 3. When it comes to mother, what good words come to your mind? Job: ________________________ Her attitude to her job: __________ What will be talked in this passage? a female physician who delivered babies positive Mother of Ten Thousand Babies A story about a __________________who devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and babies. Mother of Ten Thousand Babies woman doctor Pre-reading 1 2 3 4 5 6 ◆ The text type? Biography(传记) ◆ The writing order of biography? Time order ◆ The main idea of each paragraph? Para.1 　 Dr Lin Qiaozhi's principle of life Para.2 Dr Lin’s ambition as a young girl Para.3 The education and work experiences of Dr Lin’s earlier years Para.4 What Dr Lin achieved and did for patients during the war. Para.5 A key role Dr Lin played in the new People’s Republic of China Para.6 Dr Lin’ lifelong selfless devotion to medical work her mother died graduated with Wenhai scholarship was sent to study in US opened a private clinic She died Make a timeline about her life experience. Fast Reading Q: What are the important events at each period of time? 1901 was born 5 years old 18 years old chose to study medicine 8 years later within six months was named a chief physician 1939 1941 became the first Chinese woman director of OB-GYN department a few months later 1954 was elected to the first NPC 1983 Careful Reading “Life is precious. ... To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired?” These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through alife of hard choices. “生命是宝贵的。...对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更珍贵，如果他们把生命托付给我，我怎么能拒绝这种信任，说我冷，饿，或累？”林博士的这些话让我们看到了这位伟大女性的内心世界，以及是什么支撑她走过了艰难抉择的一生。 To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired?” 本句中 nothing is more precious than their life 为“否定词+形容词比较级十than..."结构，表示最高级的含义。动词-ing形式(现在分词)短语saying...在句中作伴随状语。 These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices. 本句为复合句，介词into后有两个and连接的宾语，第一个是名词词组the heart of this amazing woman;第二个是宾语从句 what carried her through a life of hard choices,引导词 what 从句中作主语。 Careful Reading As a five-year-old girl, Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother's death. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine.“ Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal!" her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. She responded, "I'd rather stay single to study all my life!" 林巧稚五岁时母亲病故，这对她影响极大。18岁时，她没有像大多数女孩一样遵循传统的婚姻道路，而是选择学医。“女孩子读那么多书干嘛？找个好老公应该是她们最终的归宿！”想到高昂的学费，她哥哥抱怨道。她回应道:“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人也要学医！” “ Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal!" her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. 在本句中,Finding a good husband是动词-ing形式(动名词)语作主语;thinking of the high tuition fees 是动词-ing 形式(现在分词)短语作伴随状语 Careful Reading Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize given to graduates. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve. After working for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then, in1939, in the US. She greatly impressed her American colleagues, who invited her to stay. DrLin, however, rejected the offer. She wanted to serve the women and children at home. 八年后，林从北京协和医学院毕业，并获得了该校毕业生的最高奖——文海奖学金。她立即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的首位女住院医师。不到六个月，她就被任命为住院主医师，这一职位通常需要四年才能获得。工作几年后，她被送到欧洲学习，然后在1939年，到了美国。她给她的美国同事留下了深刻的印象，他们邀请她留下来。然而，林谢绝了邀请。她想为祖国的妇女和儿童服务。 She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或前有the only，the last，the right等时，常用动词不定式作后置定语 Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve. 本句中a position是a chief resident physician的同位语对其进行进一步解释说明。定语从句that usually took four years to achieve修饰先行词position,关系词that在从句中作主语 Careful Reading In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. 1941年，林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任。但仅仅几个月后，该部门因战争而关闭。考虑到还有很多人需要帮助，林医生开了一家私人诊所。她收取很低的治疗费用，并经常降低贫困患者的费用。有时，人们甚至看到她骑着毛驴去偏远的乡村给人看病。 Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. Thinking of all the people still in need of help ... 动词ing形式(现在分词)短语作原因状语 Why is it difficult for Dr Lin to make a choice of running a private clinic? The war (risk her life) Poor patients (charged very low fees and reduced costs) Faraway villages (ride a donkey) Careful Reading The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. In 1954, she was elected to the first National People's Congress and, over the next several decades, she held many important positions. Her heart, however, was elsewhere. She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. "The OB-GYN department cares for two lives," she told new staff in her department. "As doctors, we should be responsible for the patients and treat them as our sisters." 新中国成立后，林医生发挥了重要作用。1954年，她当选为第一届全国人大代表，在接下来的几十年里，她担任了许多重要职务。然而，她的心却在别处。她更感兴趣的是治病救人，发表关于妇幼护理医学研究成果，以及培训下一代医生。“妇产科救治的是母婴两条生命，”她告诉科室新入职的医务人员说道。"作为医生，我们应该对病人负责，把他们当作我们的姐妹。" The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. 本句采用拟人化的写作手法，saw在本句中意为“目睹，见证”,动词-ing形式(现在分词)短语playing a key role在句中作宾语补足语。有些动词，如 see，find，witness等，可以用地点或时间名词作主语，表示某地或某时“经历、发生、见证、目睹”了某事。又如, The last ten years have witnessed great changes in our city, A过去的十年间，我们的城市发生了巨大变化。 Careful Reading Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the "mother of ten thousand babies", having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died, 22 April 1983. Since she had no children of her own, she left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. And even as she lay dying, her final thoughts were for others. "I'm ready to go," she said. "Don't try to rescue me any more. Don’t waste the medicine any more." 虽然林终身未婚，但她被称为“万婴之母”，她一生中亲手接生了5万多名婴儿。林医生直到1983年4月22日去世才退休。因为她没有自己的孩子，她把自己的积蓄留给了一所幼儿园和一项新医生基金。甚至在她弥留之际，她仍在为别人着想。“我要走了，”她说。“不要再试图救我了。不要再浪费药了。” Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the "mother of ten thousand babies", having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. 本句为复合句。though引导让步状语从句;主句中的having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime 是动-ing 形式(现在分词)的完成式作状语，强调这个动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。 Her life of hard choices during the different stages of life Pair work What hard choices(艰难抉择) did Dr Lin make throughout her life? What kind of person do you think Lin was ? Early life Para 2 to study or to marry Early career Para 3 to return to China or to stay in USA During the war Para 4 to keep working or to stop working In new China Para 5 To spend more time holding political positions or on doctor’s duties She chose to study medicine. Choice 1 Choice 2 She chose to return to Chna. Choice 3 She chose to keep working/run a private clinic during the war. Choice 4 She spent more time on a doctor’s duties. Lin Qiaozhi’s choices Why was Lin Qiaozhi known as “the mother of ten thousands babies”?(万婴之母） despite never marrying or having children of her own, she dedicated her life to delivering over 50,000 babies and caring for the health of women and infants. Her exceptional medical skills, combined with her selfless devotion to her patients, earned her this title that symbolizes her role as a guardian of life. post reading Language Points 20 1. “Life is precious. ... To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired?” (Para. 1) “生命诚可贵。……对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？” 核心词汇与短语 (Key Vocabulary & Phrases) entrust: 动词，意为“委托；信任”。常用搭配：entrust sb. with sth. (把某物委托给某人) 或 entrust sth. to sb.。例句：He entrusted me with his car while he was away. (他外出时把车托付给了我。) Important sentences (P16) 解析 强调句型 (Emphasis)："To a person nothing is more precious than their life" 使用了否定词 + 比较级的结构，实际上表示最高级的含义。 知识点：Nothing is more... than... = ...is the most...翻译：对一个人来说，没有什么比生命更宝贵的了。（即：生命是最宝贵的。） 动词-ing形式(现在分词)短语saying...在句中作伴随状语。 句式与语法 (Sentence Structure & Grammar) 2. These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices. (Para. 1) 林巧稚医生这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。 Important sentences (P16) give sb. a look into...让某人深入了解/窥见……的内部情况。 例句：This documentary gives us a look into the life of pandas in the wild. carry sb. through (sth.) 帮助某人渡过（难关）；支撑某人挺过（困难时期）。 例句：Her faith and family carried her through the darkest days of her life. 核心短语解析 Important sentences (P16) 这句话的主干结构是：These words... give us a look into A, and B. 其中： A = the heart of this amazing woman （这位了不起的女性的内心） B = what carried her through a life of hard choices （支撑她走过充满艰难抉择一生的东西） 这里的 what 引导的是一个宾语从句，相当于 "the thing(s) that"。 what carried her through... = The things that carried her through... 句子结构分析 (Sentence Structure) 3. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine. (Para. 2) 动名词作介词的宾语 18岁时，她没有像大多数女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，而是选择了学医。 翻译句子 画线部分的作用 Important sentences (P16) 在英语中，当一个动词（如 find）作句子的主语时，必须将其变为动名词形式（即 doing 形式）。 Finding a good husband 是一个动名词短语，在句中充当主语。 谓语：should be 表语：their final goal 动名词短语作主语 (Gerund Phrase as Subject) 4. “ Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal!" her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees.(Para. 2) Important sentences (P16) 在英语中，当一个动词（如 find）作句子的主语时，必须将其变为动名词形式（即 doing 形式）。Finding a good husband 是一个动名词短语，在句中充当主语。 谓语：should be 表语：their final goal 在英语中，当一个动词（如 find）作句子的主语时，必须将其变为动名词形式（即 doing 形式）。 Finding a good husband 是一个动名词短语，在句中充当主语。 谓语：should be 表语：their final goal 现在分词作状语 (Present Participle as Adverbial) Important sentences (P16) 结构：..., thinking of the high tuition fees. 语法解析： 这是一个现在分词短语，用来修饰主语 her brother。 它在句中充当伴随状语或原因状语，说明哥哥说出这番话时的心理活动或背景原因（即：他之所以抱怨，是因为想到了高昂的学费）。 逻辑主语一致：分词短语 thinking of 的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语 her brother（是“他”在想）。 “the first + 名词 + to do sth.” 结构 结构分析：the first + 名词 (woman) + 不定式 (to be hired)。 用法：当名词前有序数词（如 first, second）或形容词最高级（如 best, greatest）修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。 含义：表示“第一个做某事的……”。 例句：He was the first man to walk on the moon. 5. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. Compare and find Important sentences (P16) 2. 被动语态的不定式 (Passive Infinitive) 结构分析：to be hired 是动词不定式的被动形式（to be + 过去分词）。 用法：因为“她”是“被雇佣”的，所以要用被动语态。在“the first to do”结构中，如果动作是别人对主语做的，就要用 to be done。 对比：如果动作是主语自己发出的，用主动形式。例如：She was the first woman to apply for the job.（她主动申请） Compare and find Important sentences (P16) 6. Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize given to graduates. (Para. 3) 八年之后，林巧稚从北京协和医学院毕业，并获得了该校毕业生的最高荣誉奖——“文海”奖学金。 Important sentences (P16) 结构：..., the highest prize given to graduates. 解析：这部分是同位语，它紧跟在 the Wenhai Scholarship（文海奖学金）后面，对其进行解释和补充说明，告诉读者这个奖学金的性质和分量。 作用：相当于一个同位语从句 "which was the highest prize..."，但使用名词短语更加简洁有力。 1. 同位语 (Appositive) Important sentences (P16) 结构：...prize given to graduates. 解析：given 是过去分词，它引导的短语用来修饰前面的名词 prize。 逻辑关系：这里 prize 和 give 之间是被动关系（奖项是被“授予”给毕业生的），且动作已经完成。 还原：相当于定语从句 "that was given to graduates"。 2. 过去分词短语作后置定语 (Past Participle as Postpositive Attribute) 3. 介词短语作伴随状语 结构：...graduated ... with the Wenhai Scholarship... 解析：with 引导的介词短语在这里作伴随状语，说明林巧稚毕业时的状态或所获得的荣誉。 7. Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve. (Para. 3) 不到六个月，她就成了住院主任医师，而升任这一职位通常需要四年时间。 Important sentences (P16) 结构：, a position that usually took four years to achieve. 解析： 这是一个非限制性定语从句（也可以看作同位语，用来进一步解释前面的名词）。 a position 是前面 a chief resident physician 的同位语，用来补充说明这个职位的含金量。 that usually took four years to achieve 是一个定语从句，修饰 a position。 注意：that 在从句中作宾语（achieve 的宾语），可以省略。但在这里，为了句子的清晰和流畅，通常保留。 Important sentences (P16) 同位语从句 (Appositive Clause) 8. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. (Para. 4) 有时，人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴去偏远的乡村给人看病。 现在分词作主语补足语 画线部分的作用 Important sentences (P16) 主动语态结构：see + sb. + doing sth.（看见某人正在做某事）。 被动语态转换：当把主动句变为被动语态时，原来的宾语（sb.）变成了主语，原来的宾语补足语（doing sth.）变成了主语补足语。 本句结构：she was seen riding a donkey... 逻辑还原：People even saw her riding a donkey...（主动语态） 含义：她甚至被（人们）看到正在骑着驴…… 注意：在主动语态中，see 后面接省略 to 的不定式（如 see sb. do sth.）或现在分词（see sb. doing sth.）。但在被动语态中，必须还原 to，即 be seen to do sth.。然而，当强调动作正在进行时，通常使用 be seen doing sth. 这种结构，这也是本句的用法。 被动语态的“感官动词 + 宾语 + 宾补”结构 Important sentences (P16) 结构：...seen riding a donkey... 解析：riding 是现在分词，用来补充说明主语 she 的状态或动作。它表示这个动作是主动的（是她自己在骑）且是正在进行的。 现在分词短语作主语补足语 (Present Participle as Subject Complement) Important sentences (P16) 9. The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. (Para. 5) 中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。 在英语中，表示地点，时间的无生命的名词作主语，常用see, find, witness等作谓语动词，采用拟人的修辞手法，增加了句子表达的形象性和生动性。 例句：The 20th century saw great changes in China.（20世纪见证了中国的巨变。） Important sentences (P17) see在此表示“目睹；经历；见证” 结构：saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi **playing** a key role 解析： 在主动语态中，感官动词（如 see, hear, watch）后面可以接宾语 + 现在分词（表示动作正在进行）。 主动语态还原：We saw her working in the garden.（我们看见她正在花园里干活。） 本句结构：这里 playing 是现在分词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语 Dr Lin Qiaozhi 正在进行的动作。 Important sentences (P17) 感官动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 10. She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. (Para. 5) 她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果、培养下一代的医生。 Important sentences (P17) 核心结构：be interested in doing A, doing B, and doing C 语法解析： be interested in 是固定搭配，意为“对……感兴趣”。 in 是介词，后面需要接名词或动名词（即动词的 -ing 形式）作宾语。 句中 tending, publishing, 和 training 均为动名词，它们作为 in 的宾语，构成了一个由三个并列成分组成的名词性结构。 并列连词： 前两个并列项 tending... 和 publishing... 之间用逗号隔开。 最后两个并列项 publishing... 和 training... 之间用 and 连接，符合英语中列举事项的规范（即在最后一项前加 and）。 并列结构作介词宾语 Important sentences (P17) 结构分析：..., having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. 语法功能：这是一个由现在分词短语构成的状语，用来补充说明主句行为发生的原因或背景。 11. Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. (Para. 6) 虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”，她一生中 亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。 Important sentences (P17) 🧬 非谓语动词：现在分词的完成式作状语 结构分析：..., having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. 语法功能：这是一个由现在分词短语构成的状语，用来补充说明主句行为发生的原因或背景。 为何用完成式 (Having delivered)： 时间先后关系：林巧稚医生“接生了5万多名婴儿”这一动作，是她“被誉为‘万婴之母’”这一称号的基础和前提。她是因为先完成了接生工作，之后才获得这个称号的。 逻辑主语一致：分词短语的逻辑主语是主句的主语 she（林巧稚）。 语态：她与“接生”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，而非过去分词。 还原为从句：这个分词短语可以还原为一个原因状语从句：..., because she had delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. 使用 having delivered 这种非谓语形式，使句子结构更加紧凑、高级。 ⚖️ 让步状语从句 结构分析：Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, ... 语法功能：Though引导一个让步状语从句，表示“虽然……但是……”。 语境作用：这句话巧妙地利用了让步关系制造了对比。虽然她自己没有结婚生子（个人生活），但她却亲手接生了五万多名婴儿（职业生涯），是“万婴之母”。这种对比极大地升华了人物的崇高精神。 📚 固定搭配 Be known as：意为“被称为……”、“被誉为……”。后面通常接表示身份、称号或职业的名词。 Deliver babies：意为“接生婴儿”。Deliver 在这里作动词使用。 Reading and Thinking 新人教必修三 Unit 2 Thank You ! $