内容正文:
教学课件
沪教(牛津)英语七年级上册
Unit8 语法专项—— 人称代词与物主代词
全解精讲+分层练习
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学习目标
1. 理解人称代词、物主形容词与物主代词的含义及用途。
2. 掌握人称代词主格、宾格的区别及正确使用场景。
3. 分清物主形容词与物主代词的用法,避免混淆。
4. 能完成单选、句型转换、填空、情景对话等各类题型。
5. 能在句子中灵活运用三类代词,准确表达指代和所属关系。
语法核心定义
本单元核心语法是人称代词和物主代词,用途各不相同。
人称代词:用于指代人或物,分为主格和宾格两种形式。
物主代词:用于表达“某人的”,分为形容词性和名词性。
核心作用:简化句子,避免重复提及前文出现的人或物。
是英语句子中最基础、最常用的代词类型,也是重点考点。
人称代词—主格与宾格(一)
人称代词分为主格(Subject pronouns)和宾格(Object pronouns)。
主格用法:
作句子主语,位于动词之前,指代动作的发出者。
常用主格:I(我)、you(你/你们)、he(他)、she(她)。
例句:She has rocks of different colours.(她有不同颜色的石头。)
例句:They are from lakes and rivers.(它们来自湖泊和河流。)
人称代词—主格与宾格(二)
宾格用法:
作句子宾语,位于动词或介词之后,指代动作的承受者。
常用宾格:me(我)、you(你/你们)、him(他)、her(她)。
例句:Most of them are small.(它们中的大多数很小。)
例句:She found it in the river.(她在河里发现了它。)
注意:主格和宾格不可混用,需根据在句中作用选择。
人称代词对照表
人称 主格(作主语,在动词前) 宾格(作宾语,在动词/介词后)
第一人称单数 I me
第二人称单/复数 you you
第三人称单数(男) he him
第三人称单数(女) she her
第三人称单数(它) it it
第一人称复数 we us
第三人称复数 they them
物主形容词与物主代词(一)
两者均用于表示“某人的”,核心区别在于是否接名词。
物主形容词(Possessive adjectives)
后面必须跟名词,用于修饰名词,说明名词的所属。
常用词:my(我的)、your(你的/你们的)、his(他的)、her(她的)。
例句:My favourite rock is green.(我最喜欢的石头是绿色的。)
例句:Her collection is very special.(她的收藏很特别。)
物主形容词与物主代词(二)
名词性物主代词(Possessive pronouns)
后面不跟名词,可单独使用,相当于“物主形容词+名词”。
例句:These bookmarks are mine.(这些书签是我的。= my bookmarks)
例句:This cup is his.(这个杯子是他的。= his cup)
注意:its(它的)只有形容词性,无名词性形式。
物主形容词与物主代词对照表
人称 物主形容词(后接名词) 物主代词(不接名词)
第一人称单数 my mine
第二人称单/复数 your yours
第三人称单数(男) his his
第三人称单数(女) her hers
第三人称单数(它) its —
第一人称复数 our ours
第三人称复数 their theirs
基础训练1—判断代词用法正误并改正
1. Him has rocks of different colours.( )改正:___________
2. Most of they are small.( )改正:___________
3. This is mine favourite coin.( )改正:___________
4. These bookmarks are my.( )改正:___________
5. His collection is very special.( )改正:___________
F
She has rocks of different colours.
F
Most of them are small.
F
This is my favourite coin.
F
These bookmarks are mine.
T
基础训练2—用所给词的正确形式填空
1. Su Mei collects rocks. ___________ (she) has rocks of different colours.
2. Most of ___________ (they) are small, but some are as big as apples.
3. This is ___________ (my) favourite coin. I found it in Germany.
4. Those beautiful bookmarks over there are ___________ (my) too.
5. These little clay figures are Sam’s. ___________ (he) collection also includes some coffee cups.
She
them
my
mine
His
基础训练3—选词填空(主格/宾格/物主类)
1. ________ (She/Her) is my classmate. I often play with ________ (she/her).
2. This is ________ (my/mine) book. That one is ___________ (your/yours).
3. _________ (He/His) has a new bike. ___________ (He/His) bike is blue.
4. Most of ___________ (they/them) are from lakes and rivers.
5. This cup is _________ (his/him). __________ (He/His) likes it very much.
She
her
my
yours
He
His
them
his
He
单项选择题
1. Su Mei collects rocks. ___________ has rocks of different colours.
A. She B. Her C. Hers D. Him
2. Most of ___________ are small, but some are as big as apples.
A. they B. them C. their D. theirs
3. This is ___________ favourite coin. I found it in Germany.
A. my B. mine C. me D. I
4. Those beautiful bookmarks over there are ___________ too.
A. my B. I C. me D. mine
A
B
A
D
5. These little clay figures are Sam’s. ___________ collection also includes some coffee cups.
A. He B. His C. Him D. He’s
6. Look at that smiley face cup. It’s ___________ too!
A. he B. his C. him D. he’s
7. These cute little plants belong to Susan. This purple one is ______ favourite
A. she B. her C. hers D. she’s
8. My elder brother collects model robots. ___________ has 28 of them.
A.Him B. His C. He D. He’s
B
B
B
C
句型转换
1. Su Mei has rocks of different colours.(用 she 改写)
___________ has rocks of different colours.
2. Most of the rocks are small.(用 them 改写)Most of _________ are small.
3. This is my favourite coin.(用 mine 改写)
This favourite coin is ___________.
4. These bookmarks are mine.(用 my 改写)These are _______ bookmarks.
5. His collection includes coffee cups.(用 he 改写)
___________ collects coffee cups in his collection.
She
them
mine
my
He
6. This cup is his.(同义句)
This is ___________ cup.
7. This purple plant is her favourite.(用 she 改写)
___________ favourite plant is this purple one.
8. My brother has 28 model robots.(用 he 改写)
___________ has 28 model robots.
9. The dog has its favourite toy.(对划线部分提问)
___________ favourite toy does the dog have?
his
Her
He
Whose
完成句子
1. 苏梅收集石头。她有不同颜色的石头。
Su Mei collects rocks. ___________ has rocks of different colours.
2. 它们中的大多数很小,但有些和苹果一样大。
Most of ___________ are small, but some are as big as apples.
3. 这是我最喜欢的硬币,我在德国发现的它。
This is ___________ favourite coin. I found it in Germany.
She
them
my
4. 那边那些漂亮的书签也是我的。
Those beautiful bookmarks over there are ___________ too.
5. 这些小泥人是山姆的,他的收藏还包括一些咖啡杯。
These little clay figures are Sam’s. ___________ collection also includes some coffee cups.
6. 那个笑脸杯子也是他的!
Look at that smiley face cup. It’s ___________ too!
mine
His
his
易错点总结(一)
1. 主格与宾格混淆:主格作主语(动词前),宾格作宾语(动词/介词后)。
错误:Him has a new book. 正确:He has a new book.
错误:I play with she. 正确:I play with her.
2. 物主形容词与物主代词混淆:形容词性接名词,名词性不接名词。
错误:This is mine book. 正确:This is my book.
易错点总结(二)
3. his 的特殊性:既可以作物主形容词,也可以作物主代词。
例:His pen is red.(形容词性)/ This pen is his.(名词性)
4. 人称对应错误:指代女性用 she/her/hers,指代男性用 he/him/his。
课堂总结(一)—人称代词
人称代词分主格和宾格,核心是“位置决定形式”。
1. 主格:主语位置(动词前),指代动作发出者。
2. 宾格:宾语位置(动词/介词后),指代动作承受者。
牢记人称代词对照表,避免主格、宾格混用。
结合例句记忆,熟练掌握不同人称的正确形式。
课堂总结(二)—物主类代词
物主形容词和物主代词,核心区别是“是否接名词”。
1. 物主形容词:后接名词,修饰名词(my book, his pen)。
2. 物主代词:不接名词,单独使用(mine, his, hers)。
牢记对照表,重点记忆 his 的双重用法和 its 的特殊性。
核心口诀:形容词性接名词,名词性不接名。
教学课件
Unit8 语法专项—— 人称代词与物主代词
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