Unit 2 Section B （导学案）英语新教材人教版七年级下册

该初中英语导学案围绕Unit 2 Section B展开，聚焦重点单词、短语及核心句型，知识梳理涵盖否定前缀un-、短语too many/too much/much too辨析、副词either/too/also用法等语法点，以学习支架形式帮助学生衔接前后知识，通过即时练习巩固基础。 资料特色在于设计多样化练习，包括短语翻译、单词拼写、短文填空及阅读理解等，结合语境应用语法知识提升语言能力，通过辨析题和问题探究培养思维品质，分层练习助力学生自主学习，落实学习能力培养，便于教师评估教学效果。

Unit 2 No rules , No orders Section B 1.掌握Unit 2 Section B部分的重点单词、短语和句型； · 单词：.unhappy;.either practise.hang .weekday.awful;.become;.better .person ;focus .build ;spirit ;relax ;advice ;understand ;untidy · 短语：. too many; make sb’s/the bed ;wear the uniform ; finish one’s homework; on weekdays need to do sth; hang out; focus on ;.build school spirit ;make the world better ;.think about ;get on/along well with sb. · 句型： 1.I have to hurry to school because I can’t be late for school.我必须赶紧去学校，因为我不能上学迟到。 2.I can only play basketball after I practise the piano.我只有练完钢琴才能打篮球。 3.I know some rules are important, but this is awful . 我知道有一些规则很重要，但是这个太糟糕了。 4. They can help you to become a better person. 规则可以帮助你成为一个更好的人。 5.You can’t use your phone in class because you need to focus on learning.你不能在课堂上使用手机，因为你需要专注于学习。 6.You have to wear a uniform because it builds school spirit.你必须穿校服，因为它能建立校风。 7.. And you can hang out with friends at weekends! 周末你可以和朋友出去玩！ 8. Rules can help to make the world better. 规则可以帮助世界变得更好。 9.I know it can be difficult to follow many rules, but rules can be good for us. 我知道遵守这么多规则可能很困难，但规则对我们有好处。 一、短语翻译 1．太多 ________________ 2．铺床 ________________ 3．匆忙去 ________________ 4．迟到 ________________ 5．不得不 ________________ 6．放学后 ________________ 7．闲逛；常去某处 ________________ 8．在工作日 ________________ 9．集中（注意力、精力等）于 ________________ 10．思考；考虑 ________________ 二、单词拼写 1．When we ask for help, we should say “please”. It’s a good m________. 2．We should always be p________ to others and say “please” and “thank you”. 3．Rules can help us b________ better people. 4．Eric has to p________ the violin every day, which makes him feel tired. 5．Students should keep their desks t________ and clean. 6．Alice can’t h________ out with her friends on weekdays. 7．We have to wear the school u________ every day. 8．You mustn’t use your mobile phone in class. It can d________ you from learning. 9．It’s i________ to arrive at school on time. 10．We should f________ the rules at school and at home. 第一部分 Section B (1a-1d) 【知识梳理1】Why is Alice unhappy? 爱丽丝为什么不开心？（课本 P14,1b） unhappy [形容词] 不快乐的 由表示否定意义的前缀 ______加 happy 构成。 类似的形容词还有： un+healthy→______（不健康的） un+lucky→unlucky（不幸的） un+tidy→untidy（_______） un+known→unknown（未知的）；comfortable——__________________(不舒服的) 【即时练习】 1.He looks ___________. 他看起来不开心。 2.She is ______ to lose her bag.　她很不幸地丢了包 【知识梳理2】There are too many rules in my life. 在我的生活中有很多规则 形容词短语too many意为“_______”，后跟可数名词复数。 【拓展】辨析too many, too much和much too的用法 短语 含义 用法 too many 太多 形容词短语，修饰________ too much 太多 形容词短语，修饰_______ much too 太，非常 副词短语，修饰________ 注意：没有many too的表达 【即时练习】 1. 用too much, too many或者much too填空。 There are trees in our school. It’s beautiful. We shouldn’t waste time at school. 【知识梳理3】When I’m in school, I mustn’t use the phone. In class either. 当我在学校的时候，我不能用电话。在课堂上也是 either作副词，意为“也（不）”。用于否定句句末。________“或者……或者”。 辨析either, too和also的用法。 易混词 意义及用法 either “也”，用于否定句中，置于____，可以用“，”隔开，也可以不用。 too “也”，用于_______句末，用“，”隔开 also “也”，用于肯定句句中，置于系动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前 【即时练习】 1.I don't like spicy food, and my brother doesn't like it _____. A. too B. also C. either D. neither 2.She can speak English well, and she can _____ speak a little French. A. either B. too C. also D. as well 3.My father likes hiking, and I like it _____. A. also B. too C. either D. neither 【知识梳理4】I can only play basketball after I practise the piano. 我只有练完钢琴才能打篮球。 practise“练习”，后可跟名词、代词、动名词形式作宾语，________“练习做某事” practice 可以作动词或名词，意为“_______”。 作动词时，和practise的用法一致。作名词时，常做不可数名词。 例如：Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧 【即时练习】 1.— What do you usually do after school? —I often practise ________ the guitar. A. play B. to play C. playing D. plays 2. You need more _______ if you want to get better grades. A. lesson B. money C. mistake D. practice 【知识梳理5】 You can't use your phone in class because you need to focus on learning.你不能在课堂上使用手机，因为你需要专注于学习。 1， focus on“________”，后接动名词、代词、动名词作宾语。focus one's attention/mind on sth 把某人的注意力/精神集中在某事上 2， need此处作实义动词，意为“______”，后面可以跟名词、代词或________等作宾语。在句子中有人称和数的变化。 【即时练习】 1.The classroom is very dirty. Tom needs__________ it. Because he is on duty today. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleans 2.My brother focuses on _________(read)books in his free time. 我弟弟在空闲时间专注于读书 【知识梳理6】You have to wear a uniform because it builds school spirit.你必须穿校服，因为它能培养学校精神。 (1)build ①〔动词〕创建；建造（过去式：________) build的名词形式是__________,意为“建筑物；房子”。 We want to build a better life.　我们想创造更美好的生活。 ② 〔名词〕身材；__________________中等身材 (2)spirit〔名词〕 ①精神；心灵 We should have a spirit of cooperation.　我们应该有合作精神。 ②情绪；心境（常用复数）；be in high/low spirits情绪高涨/低落 The music puts everyone in good spirits. 音乐让每个人都心情愉悦。 【即时练习】 1. Last year,we ___________(build) this beautiful house. 2. The ________ of Christmas is to spread love and joy. 【知识梳理7】 Remember: No rules, no order! 记住：没有规则就没有秩序！ 1. remember是及物动词，意为“记住，记起”；其反义词是________，意为“忘记”。 remember后可接名词、代词、_________或动词不定式作宾语，本句中remember后面的句子作其宾语。 【比较记忆】remember to do sth.与remember doing sth remember ________. 记得要去做某事，说明事情还没有做，相当于don’t forget to do sth. remember _______ 记得做过某事，说明事情已经做过 2.. rule n. 规则；规章 v.统治 ruler 意为：统治者；直尺 固定搭配：________ 遵守规则 ________ 违反规则 3.order ①n. 顺序; 点餐；订购 keep order 维持秩序 in good/bad order 有/无条理 _______ 点菜 make an order 下单 ②v.命令；点餐；订购 _________. 命令某人做某事。 ③拓展固定搭配： in order to do sth. 目的是做某事； 为了做某事。 in order that = so that +目的状语从句 目的是...；为了... 例句：May I take your order, sir? 先生，我可以请您点菜了吗？ 【即时练习】 1.I still remember_____ my first day at school. It was exciting and a little scary. A. to have B. having C. to having D. have 2.Please remember_____ off the lights when you leave the room. We need to save electricity. A. turning B. turn C. to turn D. to turning 3.The strict teacher ordered the students （hand）in their phones before class. 【知识梳理8】Dr. Know’s advice advice 意为：建议；意见（不可数名词） 常用搭配：__________ 一条建议 give sb. some advice 给某人提一些建议 take/follow one’s advice 接受某人的建议 ask sb. for some advice 向某人征求意见 【拓展】 _______ 建议 （动词） 常用搭配： ①advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事。 例句： My mother advises me to study hard. 我妈妈建议我要努力学习。 ②____________________ 建议某人不要做某事。 例句：I advise him not play in the street. 我建议他不要在街上玩。 【近义词】 suggest v.建议；暗示 → _____________ n.建议（可数） 【即时练习】 1.I asked my teacher for some _____ about choosing a university. A. advices B. advice C. order D. rules 2.The teacher advises the students （take）notes in class. 3.I’ll give you some ________ (suggest) and ________ (advise) on how to learn English. 一、根据汉语提示完成句子 1．我得赶紧去学校，因为我上学不能迟到。 I have to ________ ________ school because I can’t ________ ________ ________ school. 2．当我在学校的时候，我也不能在课堂上使用手机。 When I’m ________ ________, I mustn’t use my phone in class ________. 3．我只有在练习钢琴之后才能打篮球。 I can only play basketball after I ________ ________ ________. 4．你不能在课堂上使用手机，因为你需要集中精力学习。 You can’t use your phone in class because you need to ________ ________ ________. 5．你做完作业后可以放松一下。你可以在周末和朋友出去玩。 You can ________ after you finish your homework. And you can ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 二、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 time    work    quiet    with    either    read    remember    they    drink    rule I’m thirty years old. I 1 in a school library. I like working there. Many teachers and students come into the library and read every day. There are many kinds of books, newspapers and magazines there. You can 2 or borrow (借) books. But there are some 3 in the library. You must follow 4 . You can’t bring your bag 5 you into the library. You have to be 6 when you are reading. You can’t talk with others loudly. You can’t listen to music 7 . Don’t eat or 8 in the library. You can borrow three books at a time. But you can’t lend your books to others. 9 to look after the books well and return (归还) them on 10 . If you lose the books, you have to pay for them. 单项选择 1．—Don’t eat in class, Bill. —________. A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Sorry, I won’t D．Yes, I will 2．— Can we eat in the classroom, Mr. Li? —________, but you can eat in the dining hall. A．Yes, you can B．Yes, you do C．No, you can’t D．No, you don’t 3．—I can’t play basketball after school. —I can’t, ________. A．too B．also C．only D．either 4．We have to go to bed ________ 10 o’clock every night. A．before B．after C．in 5．—I can’t stop smoking, doctor. —For your health, I’m afraid you ________. A．must B．can C．may D．can’t 6．Mr. Yang is a good teacher, and he is too strict ________ us and ________ our lesson. A．with; for B．with; in C．to; in D．at; in 7．—Can we use our mobile phones in class? —No, we ________. A．can B．can’t C．needn’t 8．—Why do teachers and parents make so many rules? —Because they do this ________ us. A．help B．helps C．helping D．to help 9．He has to ________ his bed every morning. A．makes B．make C．making 10．You should keep your desk ________. A．tidy B．untidy C．tidily 2、 适当形式填空 11．You have to clean your room every day. Don’t let it get ________ (untidy). 12．If we are kind and ________ (help), we can have more friends. 13．When you go to a library, you should speak ________ (quiet). 14．I know it’s hard, but rules can help to make the world ________ (good). 15．I know rules are ________ (importance). 三、短文填空 根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整。每空限填一词。 Teddy is from America and now he is in a school in Beijing. There are many rules in his new school. Some of them are 16 same as the rules in America. 17 example, don’t eat in class and don’t fight with others. He thinks the rule “Don’t talk in class” is good, because he thinks 18 (listen) to teachers carefully is very important. But he doesn’t like some of the rules. He 19 (arrive) at school at 7:30 a.m. in China, but American students 20 (usual) get to school at 8:00 a. m. He has to make 21 (he) bed every morning. He has to 22 (wear) the school uniform at school and sports shoes for PE class. He likes music, but he can’t bring his music player to school. He can’t have long hair. And he can’t 23 (is) late for class either. As for study, it’s not easy for him to remember the 24 (China) characters (字), 25 he is interested in learning things in China. 四、阅读理解 ①Do you have family rules? Tony is a middle school student. He is always happy with his family rules. Here are some of them. ②Do sports every day. On school days, Tony always plays basketball with his classmates after class. And his parents run in the morning. On weekends, Tony’s family often do sports together. ③Let evening time only be family time. They can’t watch TV after dinner. The family usually sit together and have a talk. Tony likes to talk about his school and friends. Sometimes they walk to the park. ④Always say “I love you” and “Thank you”. Tony says “I love you” to his parents every morning and every evening. And his parents say it to him, too. When they get help from other family members, they also say “Thank you”. ⑤Tony likes every rule in his family. His family rules help him to be strong. And they also let his family live a happy life. To follow the rules, they need to show their love and thanks to each other every day. 26．How does the writer start the text? A．By showing numbers. B．By asking a question. C．By showing pictures. D．By playing a game. 27．What does the family do after dinner? A．Talk about Tony’s school. B．Watch TV. C．Take a walk in a school. D．Sit and talk in a park. 28．Tony helps his mother do chores. His mother will say “________” to Tony. A．Thank you. B．I love you. C．Good job. D．You are a good boy. 29．What does Tony think of his family rules? A．Hard. B．Helpful. C．Different. D．Old. 30What is the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 No rules , No orders Section B 1.掌握Unit 2 Section B部分的重点单词、短语和句型； · 单词：.unhappy;.either practise.hang .weekday.awful;.become;.better .person ;focus .build ;spirit ;relax ;advice ;understand ;untidy · 短语：. too many; make sb’s/the bed ;wear the uniform ; finish one’s homework; on weekdays need to do sth; hang out; focus on ;.build school spirit ;make the world better ;.think about ;get on/along well with sb. · 句型： 1.I have to hurry to school because I can’t be late for school.我必须赶紧去学校，因为我不能上学迟到。 2.I can only play basketball after I practise the piano.我只有练完钢琴才能打篮球。 3.I know some rules are important, but this is awful . 我知道有一些规则很重要，但是这个太糟糕了。 4. They can help you to become a better person. 规则可以帮助你成为一个更好的人。 5.You can’t use your phone in class because you need to focus on learning.你不能在课堂上使用手机，因为你需要专注于学习。 6.You have to wear a uniform because it builds school spirit.你必须穿校服，因为它能建立校风。 7.. And you can hang out with friends at weekends! 周末你可以和朋友出去玩！ 8. Rules can help to make the world better. 规则可以帮助世界变得更好。 9.I know it can be difficult to follow many rules, but rules can be good for us. 我知道遵守这么多规则可能很困难，但规则对我们有好处。 一、短语翻译 1．太多 ________________ 2．铺床 ________________ 3．匆忙去 ________________ 4．迟到 ________________ 5．不得不 ________________ 6．放学后 ________________ 7．闲逛；常去某处 ________________ 8．在工作日 ________________ 9．集中（注意力、精力等）于 ________________ 10．思考；考虑 ________________ 【答案】 1．too many/much 2．make bed 3．hurry to 4．be late for 5．have to 6．after school 7．hang out 8．on weekday 9．focus on 10．think about 【解析】1．太多“too many/much”，形容词短语。故填too many/much。 2．铺床“make bed”，动词短语。故填make bed。 3．匆忙去“hurry to”，动词短语。故填hurry to。 4．迟到“be late for”，形容词短语。故填be late for。 5．不得不“have to”，情态动词。故填have to。 6．放学后“after school”，介词短语。故填after school。 7．闲逛；常去某处“hang out”，动词短语。故填hang out。 8．在工作日“on weekday”，介词短语。故填on weekday。 9．集中（注意力、精力等）于“focus on”，动词短语。故填focus on。 10．思考；考虑“think about”，动词短语。故填think about。 二、单词拼写 1．When we ask for help, we should say “please”. It’s a good m________. 2．We should always be p________ to others and say “please” and “thank you”. 3．Rules can help us b________ better people. 4．Eric has to p________ the violin every day, which makes him feel tired. 5．Students should keep their desks t________ and clean. 6．Alice can’t h________ out with her friends on weekdays. 7．We have to wear the school u________ every day. 8．You mustn’t use your mobile phone in class. It can d________ you from learning. 9．It’s i________ to arrive at school on time. 10．We should f________ the rules at school and at home. 【答案】 1．(m)anner 【详解】句意：当我们寻求帮助时，应该说 “请”。这是一种良好的礼仪。“When we ask for help, we should say ‘please’”是一种好的礼貌举止；manner“举止；礼仪”，a后接可数名词单数。故填(m)anner。 2．(p)olite 【详解】句意：我们应该总是对他人有礼貌，并且说“请”和“谢谢”。根据首字母“p”及后半句“say ‘please’ and ‘thank you’”可知，此处强调待人处事的礼貌态度。“polite”为形容词，意为“有礼貌的”，“be polite to others”是固定搭配，表示“对他人有礼貌”，故填(p)olite。 3．(b)ecome 【详解】句意：规则能帮助我们成为更好的人。根据“Rules can help us ... better people.”以及首字母和语境可知，此处表达“成为更好的人”，become意为“成为”，符合语境；且help sb. do sth.为固定短语，意为“帮助某人做某事”，因此用动词原形become。故填(b)ecome。 4．(p)ractice 【详解】句意：埃里克每天都得练习小提琴，这让他觉得很累。根据“Eric has to ... the violin every day”以及首字母提示可知，此处指练习小提琴，practice“练习”，动词；has to后接动词原形，构成“have to do sth.”结构，意为“不得不做某事”。故填(p)ractice。 5．(t)idy 【详解】句意：学生们应该保持他们的书桌整洁干净。根据“Students should keep their desks ... and clean.”以及首字母提示可知，此处与clean并列，指保持书桌整洁，tidy“整洁的”，形容词作宾语补足语。故填(t)idy。 6．(h)ang 【详解】句意：爱丽丝上学的日子里不能和朋友出去闲逛。根据“can’t…out with her friends on weekdays”可知，很多学生在上学的日子里被要求不能和朋友出去闲逛，hang out“闲逛”，情态动词can’t后加动词原形。故填(h)ang。 7．(u)niform 【详解】句意：我们必须每天穿校服。school uniform“校服”，是固定搭配。故填(u)niform。 8．(d)istract 【详解】句意：你不能在课堂上使用手机。它会让你从学习中分心。根据“You mustn’t use your mobile phone in class. It can…you from learning.”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指在课 第一部分 Section B (1a-1d) 【知识梳理1】Why is Alice unhappy? 爱丽丝为什么不开心？（课本 P14,1b） unhappy [形容词] 不快乐的 由表示否定意义的前缀 ______加 happy 构成。 类似的形容词还有： un+healthy→______（不健康的） un+lucky→unlucky（不幸的） un+tidy→untidy（_______） un+known→unknown（未知的）；comfortable——__________________(不舒服的) 【答案】 un, unhealthy,不整洁的；uncomfortable 【即时练习】 1.He looks ___________. 他看起来不开心。 2.She is ______ to lose her bag.　她很不幸地丢了包 【答案】1.unhappy 2.unlucky 【知识梳理2】There are too many rules in my life. 在我的生活中有很多规则 形容词短语too many意为“_______”，后跟可数名词复数。 【拓展】辨析too many, too much和much too的用法 短语 含义 用法 too many 太多 形容词短语，修饰________ too much 太多 形容词短语，修饰_______ much too 太，非常 副词短语，修饰________ 注意：没有many too的表达 【答案】太多，可数名词复数，不可数名词，形容词与副词 【即时练习】 1. 用too much, too many或者much too填空。 There are trees in our school. It’s beautiful. We shouldn’t waste time at school. 【答案】 too many; much too; too much 【知识梳理3】When I’m in school, I mustn’t use the phone. In class either. 当我在学校的时候，我不能用电话。在课堂上也是 either作副词，意为“也（不）”。用于否定句句末。________“或者……或者”。 辨析either, too和also的用法。 易混词 意义及用法 either “也”，用于否定句中，置于____，可以用“，”隔开，也可以不用。 too “也”，用于_______句末，用“，”隔开 also “也”，用于肯定句句中，置于系动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前 【答案】either…or;句末；肯定句 【即时练习】 1.I don't like spicy food, and my brother doesn't like it _____. A. too B. also C. either D. neither 2.She can speak English well, and she can _____ speak a little French. A. either B. too C. also D. as well 3.My father likes hiking, and I like it _____. A. also B. too C. either D. neither 【答案】CCB 【知识梳理4】I can only play basketball after I practise the piano. 我只有练完钢琴才能打篮球。 practise“练习”，后可跟名词、代词、动名词形式作宾语，________“练习做某事” practice 可以作动词或名词，意为“_______”。 作动词时，和practise的用法一致。作名词时，常做不可数名词。 例如：Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧 【答案】practise doing sth; 练习 【即时练习】 1.— What do you usually do after school? —I often practise ________ the guitar. A. play B. to play C. playing D. plays 2. You need more _______ if you want to get better grades. A. lesson B. money C. mistake D. practice 【答案】CD 【知识梳理5】 You can't use your phone in class because you need to focus on learning.你不能在课堂上使用手机，因为你需要专注于学习。 1， focus on“________”，后接动名词、代词、动名词作宾语。focus one's attention/mind on sth 把某人的注意力/精神集中在某事上 2， need此处作实义动词，意为“______”，后面可以跟名词、代词或________等作宾语。在句子中有人称和数的变化。 【答案】专注于；需要；动名词 【即时练习】 1.The classroom is very dirty. Tom needs__________ it. Because he is on duty today. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleans 2.My brother focuses on _________(read)books in his free time. 我弟弟在空闲时间专注于读书 【答案】1.B 2.reading 【知识梳理6】You have to wear a uniform because it builds school spirit.你必须穿校服，因为它能培养学校精神。 (1)build ①〔动词〕创建；建造（过去式：________) build的名词形式是__________,意为“建筑物；房子”。 We want to build a better life.　我们想创造更美好的生活。 ② 〔名词〕身材；__________________中等身材 (2)spirit〔名词〕 ①精神；心灵 We should have a spirit of cooperation.　我们应该有合作精神。 ②情绪；心境（常用复数）；be in high/low spirits情绪高涨/低落 The music puts everyone in good spirits. 音乐让每个人都心情愉悦。 【答案】 built,building,be of medium build 【即时练习】 1. Last year,we ___________(build) this beautiful house. 2. The ________ of Christmas is to spread love and joy. 【答案】built,spirit 【知识梳理7】 Remember: No rules, no order! 记住：没有规则就没有秩序！ 1. remember是及物动词，意为“记住，记起”；其反义词是________，意为“忘记”。 remember后可接名词、代词、_________或动词不定式作宾语，本句中remember后面的句子作其宾语。 【比较记忆】remember to do sth.与remember doing sth remember ________. 记得要去做某事，说明事情还没有做，相当于don’t forget to do sth. remember _______ 记得做过某事，说明事情已经做过 2.. rule n. 规则；规章 v.统治 ruler 意为：统治者；直尺 固定搭配：________ 遵守规则 ________ 违反规则 3.order ①n. 顺序; 点餐；订购 keep order 维持秩序 in good/bad order 有/无条理 _______ 点菜 make an order 下单 ②v.命令；点餐；订购 _________. 命令某人做某事。 ③拓展固定搭配： in order to do sth. 目的是做某事； 为了做某事。 in order that = so that +目的状语从句 目的是...；为了... 例句：May I take your order, sir? 先生，我可以请您点菜了吗？ 【答案】 1.Forget,动词ing,to do sth , doing sth 2.follow the rules , again the rules 3.take one’s order,order sb to do sth 【即时练习】 1.I still remember_____ my first day at school. It was exciting and a little scary. A. to have B. having C. to having D. have 2.Please remember_____ off the lights when you leave the room. We need to save electricity. A. turning B. turn C. to turn D. to turning 3.The strict teacher ordered the students （hand）in their phones before class. 【答案】BC,to hand 【知识梳理8】Dr. Know’s advice advice 意为：建议；意见（不可数名词） 常用搭配：__________ 一条建议 give sb. some advice 给某人提一些建议 take/follow one’s advice 接受某人的建议 ask sb. for some advice 向某人征求意见 【拓展】 _______ 建议 （动词） 常用搭配： ①advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事。 例句： My mother advises me to study hard. 我妈妈建议我要努力学习。 ②____________________ 建议某人不要做某事。 例句：I advise him not play in the street. 我建议他不要在街上玩。 【近义词】 suggest v.建议；暗示 → _____________ n.建议（可数） 【答案】a piece of advice,advise,advise sb not to do sth ;suggestion 【即时练习】 1.I asked my teacher for some _____ about choosing a university. A. advices B. advice C. order D. rules 2.The teacher advises the students （take）notes in class. 3.I’ll give you some ________ (suggest) and ________ (advise) on how to learn English. 【答案】B,to take ,suggestions,advice 一、根据汉语提示完成句子 1．我得赶紧去学校，因为我上学不能迟到。 I have to ________ ________ school because I can’t ________ ________ ________ school. 2．当我在学校的时候，我也不能在课堂上使用手机。 When I’m ________ ________, I mustn’t use my phone in class ________. 3．我只有在练习钢琴之后才能打篮球。 I can only play basketball after I ________ ________ ________. 4．你不能在课堂上使用手机，因为你需要集中精力学习。 You can’t use your phone in class because you need to ________ ________ ________. 5．你做完作业后可以放松一下。你可以在周末和朋友出去玩。 You can ________ after you finish your homework. And you can ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】1． hurry to be late for 2． in/at school either 3． practise/practice the piano 4． focus on learning/studying 5． relax hang out with friends at/on weekends 【解析】1．对比中英文可知，空处缺少“赶紧去”和“迟到”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，此处考查hurry to“匆忙前往”，动词短语，空前为“have to”，这里应用动词原形；be late for“迟到”，形容词短语，空前为“can’t”，这里应用动词原形。故填hurry；to；be；late；for。 2．对比中英文可知，空处缺少“在学校”和“也不”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，此处考查at/in school“在学校”，介词短语；either“也”，副词，通常用于否定句中，且放在句子末尾。故填at/in；school；either。 3．对比中英文可知，空处缺少“练习钢琴”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，此处考查practise/practice the piano，其中practise/practice“练习”，动词；句子时态为一般现在时，且主语为“I”，谓语动词应用原形。故填practise/practice；the；piano。 4．对比中英文可知，空处缺少“集中精力学习”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，此处考查focus on doing sth.“专注于做某事”，动词短语；空前为动词不定式符号to，这里应用动词原形；learn/study“学习”，这里应用动名词形式learning/studying。故填focus；on；learning/studying。 5．对比中英文可知，空处缺少“放松”和“在周末和朋友出去玩”；根据英文题干和汉语提示可知，此处考查relax“放松”，动词；空前为“can”，这里应用动词原形；hang out with sb.“和某人一起出去玩”，动词短语，空前为“can”，这里应用动词原形；friends“朋友”，名词；at/on weekends“在周末”，介词短语。故填relax；hang；out；with；friends；on/at；weekends。 二、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 time    work    quiet    with    either    read    remember    they    drink    rule I’m thirty years old. I 1 in a school library. I like working there. Many teachers and students come into the library and read every day. There are many kinds of books, newspapers and magazines there. You can 2 or borrow (借) books. But there are some 3 in the library. You must follow 4 . You can’t bring your bag 5 you into the library. You have to be 6 when you are reading. You can’t talk with others loudly. You can’t listen to music 7 . Don’t eat or 8 in the library. You can borrow three books at a time. But you can’t lend your books to others. 9 to look after the books well and return (归还) them on 10 . If you lose the books, you have to pay for them. 【答案】 1．work 2．read 3．rules 4．them 5．with 6．quiet 7．either 8．drink 9．Remember 10．time 【导语】本文讲述了学校图书馆的一些规则。 1．句意：我在一所学校图书馆工作。根据“I like working there.”可知作者在学校图书馆工作，且时态为一般现在时，work“工作”。故填work。 2．句意：你可以看书或借书。根据“You can…or borrow (借) books.”以及备选词可知，此处是说你可以在图书馆看书或者借书，read“阅读”，情态动词can后加动词原形。故填read。 3．句意：但是图书馆里有一些规定。根据后文以及备选词可知，此处是说图书馆里有一些规则，rule“规则”，空前有some，此处应用名词复数形式。故填rules。 4．句意：你必须遵守它们。根据“You must follow…”以及备选词可知，此处是说必须遵守这些规则，应用they的宾格them。故填them。 5．句意：你不能把包带进图书馆。根据“You can’t bring your bag…you into the library.”以及备选词可知，此处是说不要把包带进图书馆，with“带有”。故填with。 6．句意：你读书时必须保持安静。根据“You can’t talk with others loudly.”可知此处是说要保持安静，quiet“安静的”。故填quiet。 7．句意：你也不能听音乐。根据“You can’t listen to music…”以及备选词可知此处是说也不能在图书馆听音乐，either“也”。故填either。 8．句意：不要在图书馆里吃东西或喝东西。根据“Don’t eat or…in the library.”以及备选词可知，不能在图书馆吃东西或者喝东西，drink“喝”。故填drink。 9．句意：记住好好保管这些书，按时归还。remember to do“记得做某事”，此处是祈使句，应填动词原形，且句首首字母大写。故填Remember。 10．句意：记住好好保管这些书，按时归还。on time“准时，按时”，固定短语。故填time。 单项选择 1．—Don’t eat in class, Bill. —________. A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Sorry, I won’t D．Yes, I will 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——不要在课上吃东西，Bill。——对不起，我不会了。 考查情景交际。Yes, I do是的，我会；No, I don’t不，我不会；Sorry, I won’t对不起，我不会这样了；Yes, I will是的，我会。根据“Don’t eat in class, Bill”可知此处应先道歉，表示自己不会再这样做了。故选C。 2．— Can we eat in the classroom, Mr. Li? —________, but you can eat in the dining hall. A．Yes, you can B．Yes, you do C．No, you can’t D．No, you don’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 李老师，我们可以在教室里吃东西吗？ ——不，你们不可以，但你们可以在餐厅吃。 考查一般疑问句。根据下文“but you can eat in the dining hall”可知，此处是指不能在教室里吃东西，应用否定回答，排除A和B；问句“Can we …”的否定回答为“No, you can’t”，排除D。故选C。 3．—I can’t play basketball after school. —I can’t, ________. A．too B．also C．only D．either 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——放学后我不能打篮球。——我也不能。 考查副词辨析。too也，用于肯定句句末；also也，用于肯定句中；only仅仅；either也，用于否定句句末。根据“I can’t”可知，此处是否定句，且位于句末，应用either。故选D。 4．We have to go to bed ________ 10 o’clock every night. A．before B．after C．in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们每天晚上必须在10点前上床睡觉。 考查介词辨析。before在……之前；after在……之后；in在……里面。根据语境和常识可知，良好的作息习惯应该在10点之前睡觉。故选A。 5．—I can’t stop smoking, doctor. —For your health, I’m afraid you ________. A．must B．can C．may D．can’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——医生，我戒不掉烟。  ——为了你的健康，恐怕你必须戒掉。 考查情态动词词义辨析。must必须，表示强制或必要；can能，会，表能力或许可；may可能，可以，表推测或许可；can’t不能，表能力或否定推测。由“For your health”可知，医生从健康角度要求对方必须戒烟，“must”符合语境。故选 A。 6．Mr. Yang is a good teacher, and he is too strict ________ us and ________ our lesson. A．with; for B．with; in C．to; in D．at; in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：杨老师是一位好老师，他对我们以及我们的课业要求非常严格。 考查介词辨析。with和；for为了；in在……里面；to向；at在。根据“and he is too strict...us and...our lesson.”可知，此处考查固定搭配：be strict with sb.表示“对某人要求严格”；be strict in sth.表示“在某方面要求严格”。故选B。 7．—Can we use our mobile phones in class? —No, we ________. A．can B．can’t C．needn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们能在课上用手机吗？——不，我们不能。 考查一般疑问句的回答。can可以，能够；can’t不可以，不能；needn’t不必。根据“Can we use our mobile phones in class?”和“No, we...”可知，第一句为can开头的一般疑问句，否定回答应为“No, 主语+can’t”，故选B。 8．—Why do teachers and parents make so many rules? —Because they do this ________ us. A．help B．helps C．helping D．to help 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——为什么老师和家长要制定那么多规则？——因为他们这样做是为了帮助我们。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Why do teachers and parents make so many rules?”以及“Because they do this…us.”可知，老师和家长制定很多规则是为了帮助“我们”，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选D。 9．He has to ________ his bed every morning. A．makes B．make C．making 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他每天早上必须整理床铺。 考查情态动词的用法。情态动词have to后接动词原形。故选B。 10．You should keep your desk ________. A．tidy B．untidy C．tidily 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你应该保持你的桌子整洁。 考查形容词作宾语补足语。tidy整洁的，形容词；untidy不整洁的，形容词；tidily整洁地，副词。根据“You should keep your desk...”可知，此处表示保持桌子整洁，空处需填一个形容词，修饰desk，用tidy。故选A。 2、 适当形式填空 11．You have to clean your room every day. Don’t let it get ________ (untidy). 【答案】untidy 【详解】句意：你必须每天打扫你的房间。别让它变得不整洁。根据“You have to clean your room every day.”可知，此处表示不要让房间变得不整洁；untidy“不整洁的”，形容词，get为系动词，其后面接形容词。故填untidy。 12．If we are kind and ________ (help), we can have more friends. 【答案】helpful 【详解】句意：如果我们善良和乐于助人，我们可以有更多的朋友。help“帮助”，是名词，helpful“乐于助人的”，是形容词，作表语，故填helpful。 13．When you go to a library, you should speak ________ (quiet). 【答案】quietly 【详解】句意：当你去图书馆时，你应该轻声说话。quiet“安静的”，此处修饰动词speak，应用副词形式，故填quietly。 14．I know it’s hard, but rules can help to make the world ________ (good). 【答案】better 【详解】句意：我知道这很难，但规则有助于让世界变得更好。根据“I know it’s hard, but rules can help to make the world ... (good).”可知，此处暗含与没有规则的情况作对比，强调规则能让世界变得“更好”，因此用good的比较级better；“make + 宾语 + 形容词”为固定结构，意为“使……变得……”，符合语境。故填better。 15．I know rules are ________ (importance). 【答案】important 【详解】句意：我知道规则很重要。根据“I know rules are...(importance).”可知，此处表示规则是重要的，空处应是形容词important，作表语。故填important。 三、短文填空 根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整。每空限填一词。 Teddy is from America and now he is in a school in Beijing. There are many rules in his new school. Some of them are 16 same as the rules in America. 17 example, don’t eat in class and don’t fight with others. He thinks the rule “Don’t talk in class” is good, because he thinks 18 (listen) to teachers carefully is very important. But he doesn’t like some of the rules. He 19 (arrive) at school at 7:30 a.m. in China, but American students 20 (usual) get to school at 8:00 a. m. He has to make 21 (he) bed every morning. He has to 22 (wear) the school uniform at school and sports shoes for PE class. He likes music, but he can’t bring his music player to school. He can’t have long hair. And he can’t 23 (is) late for class either. As for study, it’s not easy for him to remember the 24 (China) characters (字), 25 he is interested in learning things in China. 【答案】 16．the 17．For 18．listening 19．arrives 20．usually 21．his 22．wear 23．be 24．Chinese 25．but 【导语】本文讲述了一名来自美国的学生Teddy在北京的一所学校学习时，遇到的一些学校规定以及他的感受。 16．句意：其中有些和美国的规定是一样的。the same as“和……一样”。故填the。 17．句意：比如，不要在课堂上吃东西，不要与他人打架。for example“比如”，为固定短语。故填For。 18．句意：他认为“课堂上不要说话”的规定很好，因为他认为认真听老师讲课非常重要。空处作宾语从句的主语，应用动名词。故填listening。 19．句意：在中国他早上7:30到校，但是美国学生通常在早上8:00到校。此句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填arrives。 20．句意：在中国他早上7:30到校，但是美国学生通常在早上8:00到校。空处修饰动词，应用副词usually。故填usually。 21．句意：他每天早上必须整理床铺。空后是名词，应用形容词性物主代词his。故填his。 22．句意：他必须在学校穿校服，上体育课时穿运动鞋。have to后跟动词原形。故填wear。 23．句意：而且他也不能迟到。can是情态动词，后跟动词原形be。故填be。 24．句意：至于学习，记住中国汉字对他来说不容易，但他对学习中国的东西很有兴趣。中国汉字的英文表达为Chinese characters。故填Chinese。 25．句意：至于学习，记住汉字对他来说不容易，但他对学习中国的东西很有兴趣。后句和前句是转折关系，应用but连接。故填but。 四、阅读理解 ①Do you have family rules? Tony is a middle school student. He is always happy with his family rules. Here are some of them. ②Do sports every day. On school days, Tony always plays basketball with his classmates after class. And his parents run in the morning. On weekends, Tony’s family often do sports together. ③Let evening time only be family time. They can’t watch TV after dinner. The family usually sit together and have a talk. Tony likes to talk about his school and friends. Sometimes they walk to the park. ④Always say “I love you” and “Thank you”. Tony says “I love you” to his parents every morning and every evening. And his parents say it to him, too. When they get help from other family members, they also say “Thank you”. ⑤Tony likes every rule in his family. His family rules help him to be strong. And they also let his family live a happy life. To follow the rules, they need to show their love and thanks to each other every day. 26．How does the writer start the text? A．By showing numbers. B．By asking a question. C．By showing pictures. D．By playing a game. 27．What does the family do after dinner? A．Talk about Tony’s school. B．Watch TV. C．Take a walk in a school. D．Sit and talk in a park. 28．Tony helps his mother do chores. His mother will say “________” to Tony. A．Thank you. B．I love you. C．Good job. D．You are a good boy. 29．What does Tony think of his family rules? A．Hard. B．Helpful. C．Different. D．Old. 30What is the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 【答案】 ．B ．A A B ．B 【导语】本文讲述了Tony一家如何通过制定并遵守家庭规则，如每天运动、晚上共享家庭时间、经常表达爱意和感激，来促进家庭成员间的亲密关系和幸福生活。 26．细节理解题。根据“Do you have family rules?”是一个疑问句，可知作者是通过提问题的方式开始的文本，故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据“They can’t watch TV after dinner. The family usually sit together and have a talk.”，可知他们晚饭后坐在一起谈话，故选A。 28．细节理解题。根据“When they get help from other family members, they also say “Thank you””，可知当Tony帮助妈妈做家务时，妈妈会说“Thank you”，故选A。 29．细节理解题。根据“Tony likes every rule in his family. His family rules help him to be strong.”，可知Tony认为家规对他有帮助，故选B。 30．篇章结构题。根据文中的结构，第一段是一个总的引入，接下来的四段分别列出了四条家规，最后一段是总结，可知文本的结构是总分总结构，故选B。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $