专题13 简单句考点归纳-2026届中考英语总复习（人教版）

专题13 简单句考点归纳 考情分析 考点 考向 基本句型 ①简单句的五种基本句型 ②There be结构 陈述句 ①肯定句： 主语+谓语（+其他）. ②否定句： 主语+don't/doesn't/didn't+动词原形（+其他）. 主语+am not/isn't/aren't/can't/hasn't/haven't/...+... 疑问句 ①一般疑问句： Do/Does/Did+主语+动词原形（+其他）？ Am/Is/Are/Can/Has/Have/...+主语+...？ ②特殊疑问句： What/Who/When/Where/Why/How/How often/...+ 一般疑问句？ 祈使句 ①肯定形式： 动词原形（+...）/... ②否定形式： Don't+动词原形（+...）/... 感叹句 ①what引导的感叹句： What+a/an+形容词+可数名词的单数形式（+主语+谓语）! What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！ ②how引导的感叹句： How+形容词/副词（+主语+谓语）! 考点1 简单句的基本句型 一、简单句的五种基本句型 1.主语+不及物动词 I live near a supermarket. （near a supermarket为状语，作修饰成分） 2.主语+及物动词+宾语 We bought an expensive house. （expensive为定语，作修饰成分） 3.主语+系动词+表语 All of these experiences are interesting for us. （for us为状语，作修饰成分） 4.主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 Doing sports brings us health. 拓展 通常间接宾语是人，直接宾语是物，即“动词+sb.+sth.”。如果动词后为某物，则需要加上介词to/for再加某人，即“动词+sth.+to/for+sb.”。如：buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb.（给某人买某物）；send/show/return sb. sth.=send/show/return sth. to sb. （给某人寄送/展示某物/归还某物给某人）。 5.主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语 We found the book interesting. 随堂训练 1．（25-26九年级上·北京·开学考试）Which of the following sentences follows the structure of “S（主）+V（谓）+IO（间宾）+DO（直宾）”? A．Autumn leaves turn brown. B．Tommy does some reading every day. C．I found him very interesting. D．Sandy’s mum bought her a new hat. 2．（2024七年级上·河南郑州·专题练习）Which of the following is the same as “I saw him playing the piano.” in sentence pattern? A．We call her Miss Zhang. B．I gave him a new pencil. C．He likes English very much. D．They were at home yesterday. 3．（2025·甘肃平凉·三模）The sentence structure of “Tom is playing basketball.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 4．（2025·安徽六安·模拟预测）The sentence structure of “Mr Zhang teaches us English.” is _________. A．S+V+DO B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+P 5．（2024·甘肃武威·模拟预测）The sentence pattern of “Staying with students brings Jack much pleasure.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O+OC 二、There be 结构（存现句） 1.结构及意义：“There be+某物/某人+某地/某时”结构表示“某地或某时有某物或某人”。 例：There is a good movie on TV tonight.（今天晚上电视上有一部好电影。） 2.There be结构的就近原则：be动词的单复数形式必须和There be 之后的第一个主语保持一致。 例：There is an apple and two books on the table. 3.There be结构的时态：There be结构时态的变化体现在be动词上，而且be动词可以和各种助动词或情态动词连用。 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 There is/are... There are forty students in the classroom. 一般过去时 There was/were... There was a talk show on TV yesterday. 一般将来时 There will be...或There is/are going to be... There will be a concert on Saturday. There is going to be a football game tomorrow. 随堂训练 1．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）The notice said there ________ a basketball match in our school next week. A．will be B．is C．would have D．would be 2．（2025·云南丽江·一模）—What exciting event will happen in our school next Monday? —There __________ a singing competition in our school. A．is going to have B．will have C．is going to be D．are going to be 38．（23-24九年级上·江苏徐州·月考）Could you tell me ________ a meeting in Guangzhou next week? A．whether is there going to be B．whether there is going to have C．if there was going to be D．if there is going to be 4．（25-26九年级上·甘肃武威·开学考试）There ________ a lot more places to enjoy in Wuwei in the future. A．are B．will be C．will have D．is going to have 5．（24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试）I hope there ________ rain tomorrow because we will go out for a picnic. A．to be no B．will be not much C．will not be much D．will have 考点2 句子种类 句子按其用途可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四类。 一、陈述句 陈述句用来陈述事实或表达说话者的看法，分为肯定句和否定句。句末通常用句号。 类型 结构或用法 例句 肯定句 基本结构：主语+谓语（+其他） I played basketball yesterday. 否定句 谓语部分只有实义动词时：主语+don't/doesn't/didn't+谓语动词原形 They didn't play basketball yesterday. 谓语部分含有系动词be、助动词、情态动词时，否定形式为在它们后面直接加not Jim isn't playing football now. We can't live without water. 随堂训练 1．（25-26九年级下·河北石家庄·开学考试）My brother ________ a new bag, but I ________. A．has; don’t B．have; doesn’t C．has; doesn’t D．have; don’t 2．（25-26九年级上·上海虹口·月考）Tom ________ any help because he can do the work himself. A．needs B．doesn’t need to C．doesn’t need D．needn’t 3．（25-26九年级上·江西抚州·期中）I ________ sleep very well, but then I started doing yoga and it really helps. A．used to B．was used to C．didn’t use to D．wasn’t used to 二、疑问句 1.疑问句的分类和结构 类型 含义及特点 结构 例句 一般疑问句 以系动词be、助动词或情态动词开头，可以用yes或no来回答 谓语部分只有实义动词时：Do/Does/Did+主语+谓语动词原形+（其他）？ —Does she live in Beijing? —Yes, she does./No, she doesn't. 谓语部分含有系动词be、情态动词或助动词时，系动词be、情态动词或助动词在主语前 —Are you a middle school student? —Yes, I am./No, I am not. —Have you ever been to Shanghai? —Yes, I have. /No, I haven't. 特殊疑问句 由疑问词（组）引导，不能用yes或no来回答 疑问词（组）+一般疑问句？ —Where does she live? —She lives in Beijing. 选择疑问句 在两种或两种以上情况中进行选择的疑问句； 回答不用yes或no，而是一个完整的句子或其省略形式 一般选择疑问句：一般疑问句+or+被选择的内容之一？ —Do you like apples or pears? —I like pears. 特殊选择疑问句：特殊疑问句， A or B？ —Which do you like better, tea or coffee? —I like coffee better. 2.疑问词（组） 类型 疑问词（组） 含义及用法 示例 疑问代词 what “什么”，没有指定的范围 What would you like? 询问某人的职业 —What's your father? —He is a teacher. which “哪一个/些”，范围明确 Which is your favourite season? who “谁” ，询问某人的身份、姓名，作主语或宾语（紧跟在介词后面时只能用whom） Who is the boy under the tree? Who/Whom are you talking to? whom “谁”，who的宾格形式，作宾语 To whom are you talking? whose “谁的”，多位于名词前 Whose book is this? 疑问副词（词组） when “什么时候”，问时间 When do you get up? where “在哪里”，问地点 Where is my ruler? why “为什么”，问原因（常用because或不定式回答） Why do you like spring? Why did Tom go to the library yesterday? how “怎样”，问方式 —How do you go to school? —By bike/bus. how far “多远”，问距离 How far is it from here? how long “多久”，问持续时间（常用“for+时间段”回答） —How long have you lived in Beijing? —For ten years. “多长”，问长度 How long is the Yellow River? how often “多久一次”，问频率（可以用“once/twice/three times+时间段”或every day等回答） —How often do you go to the cinema? —Twice a month. how soon “多久”，问要多长时间（常用“in+时间段”回答） —How soon can you finish it? —In an hour. how much “多少钱”，问价格 How much is the milk? “多少”，问不可数名词的量 How much water is left? how many “多少”，问可数名词的数量 How many days are there in a year? how old “多大年纪”，问年龄 How old are you? 随堂训练 1．（25-26九年级下·北京·开学考试）—Excuse me, I’m new here. ________ is the train station from this school? —It’s about two kilometers away. A．How long B．How much C．How far D．How many 2．（25-26九年级上·北京通州·月考）—________ do you usually go to the library? —Twice a week. A．How long B．How often C．How far D．How soon 3．（25-26九年级上·安徽亳州·期末）—________ students are there in your class? —________ 42 students, 22 girls and 20 boys. A．How much; There is B．How much; There has C．How many; There are D．How many; There have 4．（2026九年级·全国·专题练习）—________ is it from your home to school? —About two kilometers. A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How far 三、祈使句 祈使句用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告、建议等。主语you常常省略，谓语动词用原形。 类型 结构 例句 肯定形式 动词原形（+...） Read English loud! Be quiet! let+宾语+动词原形（+...） Let me help you. 否定形式 don't+动词原形（+...） Don't talk in class. Don't be late again! no+名词/动词的-ing形式 No smoking. （=Don't smoke.） never+动词原形（+...） Never give up! let+宾语+not+动词原形（+...） Let's not talk about it. 拓展“祈使句, and/or+含有一般将来时的陈述句”句型 此句型中，祈使句表示条件，在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。and表顺承;or表不做某事的后果，意为“否则”。如：Study hard, and you will get a better grade next time. 随堂训练 1．（25-26九年级下·吉林长春·开学考试）________, Tutu, or you will be late for class. There are only two minutes left. A．Hurry up B．To hurry up C．Hurrying up D．Hurried up 2．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）Jane, ________ eat too many sweets. They are bad for your teeth. A．not to B．doesn’t C．don’t D．not 3．（2026九年级·全国·专题练习）Don’t ______ late for school again. A．be B．is C．are D．was 4．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）If there is any problem with the smart cleaner, ________ the manager directly, please. A．contact B．to contact C．contacting D．contacted 四、感叹句 感叹句是用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子。常用what和how引导。 类别 结构 例句 what引导的感叹句 What+a/an+形容词+可数名词的单数形式（+主语+谓语）! What a beautiful girl （she is）! What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）! What important jobs （they have done）! What good news （it is）! how引导的感叹句 How+形容词/副词（+主语+谓语）! How delicious （the noodles are）! How fast （the river runs）! 易错提示 what 引导的感叹句中心词是名词；how引导的感叹句中心词是形容词/副词。 如“__ interesting books these are!”的中心词为books，句中these are为主语和谓语，因此填What；而“__ interesting the books are!”的中心词是interesting，the books are为主语和谓语，因此填How。 随堂训练 1．（25-26九年级上·云南昆明·期末）________ great progress China has made in technology, such as in 5G and AI! A．What B．What a C．How a D．How 2．（2026九年级·云南·专题练习）________ amazing achievement the Chinese scientists have made in the field of quantum computing (量子计算)! A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 3．（2026九年级·云南·专题练习）________ exciting news it is! China has successfully launched another space station module. A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 4．（25-26九年级下·江西上饶·开学考试）—Jenny won first prize in Sharing Chinese Stories in English Competition. —________ great news it is! Her English used to be pretty bad. A．How a B．How C．What a D．What 5．（22-23九年级上·河南郑州·期末）—________ excellent work you have done! —It’s very kind of you to say so. A．What an B．How C．What D．How an 综合训练 一．单句语法填空 1．There （be）many modern high-speed railways in Jiangsu and they help people travel easily. 2．We hope there （be）a computer on every student's desk in the future. 3．There （be）not any tests to measure how kind you are to your friends,or how much you love to draw. 4．There （be）a few things that you can do. 5．A great saying always helps a lot.There （be）a lot of great Chinese sayings and many of them are about how to live a good life. 6．There will be （rain）tomorrow.We can't eat out.We have to stay at home. 7．It was getting colder and colder,and there （be）less than 10 people in the square. 8．Scientists worry that soon there （not be）enough water for us.What can we do to help?Use water wisely. 9． strange it was!I left my book on the desk,but it was on the sofa when I came back. 10． （close）your eyes and let music paint pictures in your mind.When the music ends, （open）your eyes and write down what you remember. 11．There （be）some good advice and ways about how to use the Internet correctly and wisely. 12．The cheers filled the air. an exciting basketball game! 13．—Attention,please! （stay）inside because of the heavy rain. —We will,Mr.Li. 14． useful knowledge the astronaut in Tiangong Classroom has taught us! 15．Lastly,act now!Speak clearly, （raise）your head and you'll notice the difference in the way you feel and the way people see you. 16．—Dad,shall we go to the library by bike or by car? —By bike.There （be）no parking lot there. 17． （keep）trying and do your best. 18．—The pen can translate what you write down into English. — an interesting invention! 19． （spend）less time on the phone at night,or you will find it hard to fall asleep. 20．The C919,China's self-made large plane,is now in use. exciting the news is! 21．Sometimes her grandchildren say to her,“Please （not go）out in your car all by yourself,Granny.We can take you to the shops.” 二、翻译句子 1．不用时，请关掉电灯、电视和电脑。 ___________________________________________________________________ 2．我们能做什么来帮助有需要的人？ ________________________________________ 3．别放弃！尽最大的努力，你一定会成功！ __________________________________________________ 4．我们的学校旅行多么不寻常!我永远不会忘。（what） ______________________________________________________________ 5．无论你做什么，都不要失去勇气。（whatever,never） __________________________________________ 6．这个周末，秦皇岛有一场大型音乐会。 __________________________________________________________ 7．你通常怎样使用零花钱?（spend） ____________________________________________ 8．让我们看看十年后我们中多少人能实现自己的梦想。 __________________________________________________________________ 三．语法选择 A （2025·广东佛山·三模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 39-year-old Liu is a shop owner in Xinjiang. Days ago, he 1 by people for patiently picking a hat for a sick child and giving it to the child for free. The moving story took place in 2 children’s clothes shop in Xinjiang on December 31. That day a woman with a child walked into the shop and stood in front of a shelf filled with 3 for a long time. The child looked pale and his mother wasn’t sure which hat to pick. Seeing that, the shop owner Liu talked with the mother to see if he could help 4 . After knowing that the child was receiving chemotherapy (化疗), Liu decided 5 him a hat for free. He then put different hats on the child 6 until he chose his favourite one. The mother was very thankful 7 Liu. Liu is from Zhengzhou, Henan. He and his wife 8 a shop selling children’s clothes in Xinjiang years ago. The couple have sent clothes worth 20,000 yuan to poor children 9 they started the shop. “The hat isn’t worth much. I just hope it will bring warmth to him. I just want to be kinder and 10 in the future. Everyone should show a little love to others, especially those who are in need.” Liu said. 1．A．praised B．is praised C．was praised 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．hat B．hats C．hats’ 4．A．they B．them C．their 5．A．give B．giving C．to give 6．A．care B．careful C．carefully 7．A．to B．from C．with 8．A．open B．opened C．will open 9．A．since B．while C．unless 10．A．helpful B．more helpful C．the most helpful B （2025·广东佛山·三模）Nasheng, a 32-year-old doctor, works in a small town in Yunnan and takes care of more than 5, 400 villagers here. 1 a child, she saw her family have trouble getting medical help in inland areas. Long journeys and language problems made it even 2 . Therefore, she studied medicine in college and came back 3 her hometown. When she joined Yangla Town Health Center in 2021, life wasn’t easy. She lived in a tiny room 4 had little after-work fun. “Life here was 5 , but I never thought of leaving,” she smiled. To help more people, free mobile health checks 6 in villages every month. She noticed that 7 old couldn’t get treatment again, because the health center was too far. She suggested building a basic health station. Now it has a doctor, bringing care closer to the villagers. Villagers are thankful for 8 she has done. An 80-year-old grandma once bought 9 some fresh fruit from another town. Villagers also invited her to join their celebrations during the last Spring Festival. “Maybe I 10 to college one day,” she said, “but I’ll always come back. This is my home.” Just like Nasheng, we should use what we learn to take care of the land that raised us. 1．A．As B．For C．With 2．A．hard B．harder C．hardest 3．A．help B．helping C．to help 4．A．and B．or C．but 5．A．bored B．boring C．boredom 6．A．offered B．were offered C．were offering 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．what B．that C．how 9．A．she B．her C．hers 10．A．go B．went C．will go 四．选词填空 A （2025·广东佛山·三模）请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次。 they   as   life   restaurant   so   tired   alone   make   keep   change   delicious   slow The old saying “Good medicine tastes bitter.” may be no longer true. For a long time, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is thought to be good for health but not 1 to eat or drink. However, things are different now. A creative TCM milk tea is 2 by Chongqing Jiangbei District Hospital of TCM. It’s not so sweet 3 common milk tea and has a little herbal (药草的) smell. “The TCM milk tea is popular. Almost everyone who tried it shares the special taste with their friends,” says a doctor in the hospital. At the same time, some 4 sell food and drinks with TCM. You can have bread and cakes with low sugar and ice cream that is cool but can help you lower the summer heat 5 . TCM food and drinks are popular among young people. For one thing, young people are 6 because of their busy work. They always call themselves “crispy skin youths” (脆皮青年). That’s why they want to 7 their poor diets. For another, it’s hard for 8 to give up their love for junk food. They think 9 will be boring without tasty food. Now different kinds of TCM food and drinks were made to meet the needs for different tastes by the scientists and doctors, 10 more and more young people choose TCM food and drinks. B （2025·广东佛山·三模）请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 while   warm  of  meal  simple    imagine    fact    for  story    true    they     beat Hot pot, a popular dish, has a long history of about two thousand years in China. 1 sitting around a warm pot at a table with your friends and family. Everyone is laughing, telling 2 and cooking their food right in the pot. This isn’t just about eating. It’s about having a good time together. The story of hot pot started because people needed to keep 3 in winter. They found eating meat and vegetables from a pot of hot soup made 4 feel comfortable and full. Then hot pot started as a common way to 5 the cold. Then it grew into a tradition and spread all over China. As time went by, each part of China made its own special kind 6 hot pot. For example, Sichuan made a spicy hot pot, 7 Beijing preferred a clear soup with thin pieces of mutton. This shows how one 8 idea can change into so many different and delicious dishes. Now, people all around the world enjoy hot pot. It 9 shows how food can bring us together. It’s more than just a 10 . It’s a way to bring people closer, share joy and create good memories. 五．语法填空 A （2025·浙江湖州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 An English teacher from New Zealand recently explored the beautiful countryside of Baoding in North China’s Hebei Province by cycling with his family. Along with more than 100 cyclists, Robert’s whole family 1 (take) part in the “Riding in Baoding” event on Saturday, experiencing 2 natural beauty, rich culture and prosperity of countryside. “I’ve been in Baoding for almost 10 years and have witnessed the rapid development here, especially in the rural areas where people are kind and living a 3 (good) life than before,” said the 56-year-old Robert. Robert came to Baoding in 2015 and has worked at Hebei Finance University 4 an English teacher. He also married a Chinese woman and they live 5 (happy) with their children. During his time in Baoding, he has enjoyed 6 (he) in various activities to learn about Chinese culture, 7 he now even knows a lot about traditional Chinese medicine. “After experiencing this, I hope 8 (share) the stories of the countryside and its people with the world,” he said. The “Riding in Baoding” event to explore the beautiful countryside 9 (hold) from March to July every year, visiting over seventy 10 (village) in 20 counties. The activities show the features and charm of the beauty and new looks of the countryside. B （2025·浙江湖州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 “Thank you for your email. I 1 (leave) already to follow my dream of knitting (编织) sweaters for penguins and no longer work for the school. I won’t be back to my office 2 my penguin friends are happy.” 3 (month) ago a teacher in the UK sent this email to her Chinese student, and it soon became popular online. You may find this email 4 (surprise), but knitting sweaters for penguins is a real act of kindness. The Penguin Foundation came up with 5 idea. The activity began because of a serious oil spill (泄漏) near Phillip Island 6 the 2010s. Then the number and health of baby penguins had a serious drop. When little penguins were covered in oil, 7 (they) lives were put in danger. 8 (solve) this problem, the foundation asked people from all over the world to knit sweaters for penguins. These sweaters could keep them warm and stop them from eating the oil. 9 (luck), the idea worked. Soon there was another oil spill near Phillip Island. This time, the sweaters helped save 96 percent of the penguins in the area. However, some bird protection groups have questioned 10 these sweaters might put more stress (压力) on penguins. The foundation said the sweaters are only used for a short time. Once the penguins are better, they no longer wear them. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题13 简单句考点归纳 考情分析 考点 考向 基本句型 ①简单句的五种基本句型 ②There be结构 陈述句 ①肯定句： 主语+谓语（+其他）. ②否定句： 主语+don't/doesn't/didn't+动词原形（+其他）. 主语+am not/isn't/aren't/can't/hasn't/haven't/...+... 疑问句 ①一般疑问句： Do/Does/Did+主语+动词原形（+其他）？ Am/Is/Are/Can/Has/Have/...+主语+...？ ②特殊疑问句： What/Who/When/Where/Why/How/How often/...+ 一般疑问句？ 祈使句 ①肯定形式： 动词原形（+...）/... ②否定形式： Don't+动词原形（+...）/... 感叹句 ①what引导的感叹句： What+a/an+形容词+可数名词的单数形式（+主语+谓语）! What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！ ②how引导的感叹句： How+形容词/副词（+主语+谓语）! 考点1 简单句的基本句型 一、简单句的五种基本句型 1.主语+不及物动词 I live near a supermarket. （near a supermarket为状语，作修饰成分） 2.主语+及物动词+宾语 We bought an expensive house. （expensive为定语，作修饰成分） 3.主语+系动词+表语 All of these experiences are interesting for us. （for us为状语，作修饰成分） 4.主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 Doing sports brings us health. 拓展 通常间接宾语是人，直接宾语是物，即“动词+sb.+sth.”。如果动词后为某物，则需要加上介词to/for再加某人，即“动词+sth.+to/for+sb.”。如：buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb.（给某人买某物）；send/show/return sb. sth.=send/show/return sth. to sb. （给某人寄送/展示某物/归还某物给某人）。 5.主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语 We found the book interesting. 随堂训练 1．（25-26九年级上·北京·开学考试）Which of the following sentences follows the structure of “S（主）+V（谓）+IO（间宾）+DO（直宾）”? A．Autumn leaves turn brown. B．Tommy does some reading every day. C．I found him very interesting. D．Sandy’s mum bought her a new hat. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：桑迪的妈妈给她买了一顶新帽子。    考查句子结构。题干要求选择符合“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构的句子。A项为“主语+谓语+表语”结构；B项为“主语+谓语+宾语”结构；C项为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构；D项“bought her a new hat”中“her”为间接宾语，“a new hat”为直接宾语，完全符合题干结构要求。故选D。 2．（2024七年级上·河南郑州·专题练习）Which of the following is the same as “I saw him playing the piano.” in sentence pattern? A．We call her Miss Zhang. B．I gave him a new pencil. C．He likes English very much. D．They were at home yesterday. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：以下哪一个和“I saw him playing the piano.”的句子结构相同？ 考查句子结构。“I saw him playing the piano.”的结构是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”，表示“看见某人正在做某事”。选项A“We call her Miss Zhang”也是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构（称某人为……），与原句句型一致。选项B是双宾语结构，选项C是主谓宾结构，选项D是主系表结构，均不符合。故选A。     3．（2025·甘肃平凉·三模）The sentence structure of “Tom is playing basketball.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“Tom is playing basketball.”的句子结构是主语+谓语+宾语。 考查句子基本结构辨析。S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+P主语+系动词+表语；S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+DO+OC主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。分析句子结构可知，Tom，作主语；is playing作谓语；basketball作宾语，属于“主语+谓语+宾语”（S+V+O）的基本结构。故选A。 4．（2025·安徽六安·模拟预测）The sentence structure of “Mr Zhang teaches us English.” is _________. A．S+V+DO B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+P 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“张老师教我们英语。”这个句子的结构是主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。 考查句子结构辨析。S+V+DO 主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+IO+DO 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+DO+OC 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语；S+V+P 主语+谓语+表语。根据句子“Mr Zhang teaches us English.”可知，“us”是间接宾语，“English”是直接宾语，符合“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”的结构，故选B。 5．（2024·甘肃武威·模拟预测）The sentence pattern of “Staying with students brings Jack much pleasure.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“和学生们待在一起给杰克带来很多乐趣。”这句话的句型是主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语 。 考查句子结构。S+V主+谓；S+V+P主+系+表；S+V+IO+DO主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+O+OC主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。根据句子结构可知，Staying with students是主语，brings是谓语，Jack是间接宾语，much pleasure是直接宾语。故选C。 二、There be 结构（存现句） 1.结构及意义：“There be+某物/某人+某地/某时”结构表示“某地或某时有某物或某人”。 例：There is a good movie on TV tonight.（今天晚上电视上有一部好电影。） 2.There be结构的就近原则：be动词的单复数形式必须和There be 之后的第一个主语保持一致。 例：There is an apple and two books on the table. 3.There be结构的时态：There be结构时态的变化体现在be动词上，而且be动词可以和各种助动词或情态动词连用。 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 There is/are... There are forty students in the classroom. 一般过去时 There was/were... There was a talk show on TV yesterday. 一般将来时 There will be...或There is/are going to be... There will be a concert on Saturday. There is going to be a football game tomorrow. 随堂训练 1．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）The notice said there ________ a basketball match in our school next week. A．will be B．is C．would have D．would be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：通知上说下周我们学校将有一场篮球比赛。 考查there be句型的时态。根据“there ... a basketball match”可知，句子是there be句型；主句谓语“said”为一般过去时，从句应用过去的某个时态，结合“next week”可知，此处应用过去将来时would be。故选D。 2．（2025·云南丽江·一模）—What exciting event will happen in our school next Monday? —There __________ a singing competition in our school. A．is going to have B．will have C．is going to be D．are going to be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——下周一我们学校会发生什么激动人心的事件？——我们学校将有一场歌唱比赛。 考查there be句型的将来时表达。there be句型表示“存在”，此处是一般将来时，结构是There will be或There is/are going to be，主语a singing competition为单数，be动词需用单数形式is，C项符合。故选C。 38．（23-24九年级上·江苏徐州·月考）Could you tell me ________ a meeting in Guangzhou next week? A．whether is there going to be B．whether there is going to have C．if there was going to be D．if there is going to be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你能告诉我下周在广州是否会有一场会议吗？ 考查宾语从句及there be句型。根据“Could you tell me”及选项可知，空处是宾语从句，且Could在句中是委婉语气，因此结合“next week”可知，从句用将来时，且语序为陈述句语序，排除A、C选项；there be句型不可与have连用，排除B选项。故选D。 4．（25-26九年级上·甘肃武威·开学考试）There ________ a lot more places to enjoy in Wuwei in the future. A．are B．will be C．will have D．is going to have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：未来武威会有更多值得享受的地方。    考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据“in the future”可知，此处需用一般将来时；there be句型表示“存在”，其将来时为“there will be”或“there is/are going to be”。故选B。 5．（24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试）I hope there ________ rain tomorrow because we will go out for a picnic. A．to be no B．will be not much C．will not be much D．will have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我希望明天不会下太多雨，因为我们要去野餐。 考查there be句型。根据“there … rain tomorrow because we will go out for a picnic”可知，这是there be句型的一般将来时，并且表示希望没有雨水，因为想要去野餐，所以要用there be句型的一般将来时的否定形式，其结构为there will not be。故选C。 考点2 句子种类 句子按其用途可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四类。 一、陈述句 陈述句用来陈述事实或表达说话者的看法，分为肯定句和否定句。句末通常用句号。 类型 结构或用法 例句 肯定句 基本结构：主语+谓语（+其他） I played basketball yesterday. 否定句 谓语部分只有实义动词时：主语+don't/doesn't/didn't+谓语动词原形 They didn't play basketball yesterday. 谓语部分含有系动词be、助动词、情态动词时，否定形式为在它们后面直接加not Jim isn't playing football now. We can't live without water. 随堂训练 1．（25-26九年级下·河北石家庄·开学考试）My brother ________ a new bag, but I ________. A．has; don’t B．have; doesn’t C．has; doesn’t D．have; don’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我哥哥有一个新书包，但我没有。 考查主谓一致。has有（第三人称单数）；have有（原形）；don’t do的否定形式（用于第一、二人称及复数）；doesn’t do的否定形式（用于第三人称单数）。第一个空：主语My brother是第三人称单数，一般现在时中，谓语动词have需要用第三人称单数形式has；第二个空：本句是省略句，完整含义为but I don’t have a new bag，主语是第一人称I，否定句要用助动词don’t。故选A。 2．（25-26九年级上·上海虹口·月考）Tom ________ any help because he can do the work himself. A．needs B．doesn’t need to C．doesn’t need D．needn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：汤姆不需要任何帮助，因为他自己能做这项工作。 考查need的用法。needs需要，第三人称单数；doesn’t need to不需要做某事，后接动词原形；doesn’t need不需要，后接名词或代词；needn’t不必，情态动词，后接动词原形。空格后为“any help”（名词短语），因此应选择能直接接名词的否定形式。选项C“doesn’t need”符合“不需要任何帮助”的搭配。故选C。 3．（25-26九年级上·江西抚州·期中）I ________ sleep very well, but then I started doing yoga and it really helps. A．used to B．was used to C．didn’t use to D．wasn’t used to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我过去睡眠不是很好，但后来我开始做瑜伽，它确实很有帮助。 考查动词短语辨析。used to过去常常；was used to习惯于（后接doing）；didn’t use to过去不常；wasn’t used to不习惯于（后接doing）。根据“but then I started doing yoga and it really helps”可知，此处表示“过去睡眠不好”，现在做瑜伽改善了睡眠，因此用didn’t use to表示“过去不常/没有”。故选C。 二、疑问句 1.疑问句的分类和结构 类型 含义及特点 结构 例句 一般疑问句 以系动词be、助动词或情态动词开头，可以用yes或no来回答 谓语部分只有实义动词时：Do/Does/Did+主语+谓语动词原形+（其他）？ —Does she live in Beijing? —Yes, she does./No, she doesn't. 谓语部分含有系动词be、情态动词或助动词时，系动词be、情态动词或助动词在主语前 —Are you a middle school student? —Yes, I am./No, I am not. —Have you ever been to Shanghai? —Yes, I have. /No, I haven't. 特殊疑问句 由疑问词（组）引导，不能用yes或no来回答 疑问词（组）+一般疑问句？ —Where does she live? —She lives in Beijing. 选择疑问句 在两种或两种以上情况中进行选择的疑问句； 回答不用yes或no，而是一个完整的句子或其省略形式 一般选择疑问句：一般疑问句+or+被选择的内容之一？ —Do you like apples or pears? —I like pears. 特殊选择疑问句：特殊疑问句， A or B？ —Which do you like better, tea or coffee? —I like coffee better. 2.疑问词（组） 类型 疑问词（组） 含义及用法 示例 疑问代词 what “什么”，没有指定的范围 What would you like? 询问某人的职业 —What's your father? —He is a teacher. which “哪一个/些”，范围明确 Which is your favourite season? who “谁” ，询问某人的身份、姓名，作主语或宾语（紧跟在介词后面时只能用whom） Who is the boy under the tree? Who/Whom are you talking to? whom “谁”，who的宾格形式，作宾语 To whom are you talking? whose “谁的”，多位于名词前 Whose book is this? 疑问副词（词组） when “什么时候”，问时间 When do you get up? where “在哪里”，问地点 Where is my ruler? why “为什么”，问原因（常用because或不定式回答） Why do you like spring? Why did Tom go to the library yesterday? how “怎样”，问方式 —How do you go to school? —By bike/bus. how far “多远”，问距离 How far is it from here? how long “多久”，问持续时间（常用“for+时间段”回答） —How long have you lived in Beijing? —For ten years. “多长”，问长度 How long is the Yellow River? how often “多久一次”，问频率（可以用“once/twice/three times+时间段”或every day等回答） —How often do you go to the cinema? —Twice a month. how soon “多久”，问要多长时间（常用“in+时间段”回答） —How soon can you finish it? —In an hour. how much “多少钱”，问价格 How much is the milk? “多少”，问不可数名词的量 How much water is left? how many “多少”，问可数名词的数量 How many days are there in a year? how old “多大年纪”，问年龄 How old are you? 随堂训练 1．（25-26九年级下·北京·开学考试）—Excuse me, I’m new here. ________ is the train station from this school? —It’s about two kilometers away. A．How long B．How much C．How far D．How many 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，我是新来的。火车站离这所学校有多远？——大约两公里远。 考查疑问词组辨析。How long多久/多长，询问时间长度或物体长度；How much多少钱/多少，询问价格或不可数名词的数量；How far多远，询问距离；How many多少，询问可数名词的数量。根据答句“It’s about two kilometers away.”可知，火车站离学校大约两公里远，问句询问的是距离。故选C。 2．（25-26九年级上·北京通州·月考）—________ do you usually go to the library? —Twice a week. A．How long B．How often C．How far D．How soon 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你通常多久去一次图书馆？——一周两次。 考查特殊疑问词辨析。How long多长，对长度或时间段提问；How often多久一次，对频率提问；How far多远，对距离提问；How soon多久以后，对“in+一段时间”提问。根据答语“Twice a week.”可知，此处是在对去图书馆的频率进行提问，所以应该用How often。故选B。 3．（25-26九年级上·安徽亳州·期末）—________ students are there in your class? —________ 42 students, 22 girls and 20 boys. A．How much; There is B．How much; There has C．How many; There are D．How many; There have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你们班有多少学生？——有42名学生，22个女生和20个男生。 考查疑问词和there be句型辨析。第一空：根据“students”为可数名词复数，询问数量应使用“How many”；第二空：表示“有”且主语为复数“42 students”，应使用“There are”。选项分析：A和B中“How much”用于不可数名词，排除；D中“There have”不符合英语存在句型结构。故选C。 4．（2026九年级·全国·专题练习）—________ is it from your home to school? —About two kilometers. A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How far 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——从你家到学校有多远？——大约两公里。 考查疑问词组辨析。How long多久；How often多久一次；How soon多久以后；How far多远。答语“About two kilometers”表示距离，因此问句应询问距离。故选D。 三、祈使句 祈使句用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告、建议等。主语you常常省略，谓语动词用原形。 类型 结构 例句 肯定形式 动词原形（+...） Read English loud! Be quiet! let+宾语+动词原形（+...） Let me help you. 否定形式 don't+动词原形（+...） Don't talk in class. Don't be late again! no+名词/动词的-ing形式 No smoking. （=Don't smoke.） never+动词原形（+...） Never give up! let+宾语+not+动词原形（+...） Let's not talk about it. 拓展“祈使句, and/or+含有一般将来时的陈述句”句型 此句型中，祈使句表示条件，在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。and表顺承;or表不做某事的后果，意为“否则”。如：Study hard, and you will get a better grade next time. 随堂训练 1．（25-26九年级下·吉林长春·开学考试）________, Tutu, or you will be late for class. There are only two minutes left. A．Hurry up B．To hurry up C．Hurrying up D．Hurried up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Tutu，快点，否则你上课要迟到了。——只剩两分钟了。 Hurry up快点；To hurry up快点（不定式形式）；Hurrying up快点（现在分词形式）；Hurried up快点（过去式形式）。根据“or you will be late for class”可知，前句是催促Tutu“快点”，应填Hurry up。 2．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）Jane, ________ eat too many sweets. They are bad for your teeth. A．not to B．doesn’t C．don’t D．not 【答案】C 【详解】句意：简，不要吃太多糖果。它们对你的牙齿不好。 考查祈使句的否定形式。not to不是完整动词形式；doesn't第三人称单数否定助动词；don't祈使句否定形式； not不单独构成谓语。本句为祈使句，Jane是称呼语，动词用原形“eat”，否定形式在动词前加“don't”。故选C。 3．（2026九年级·全国·专题练习）Don’t ______ late for school again. A．be B．is C．are D．was 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要再上学迟到了。 考查祈使句的否定形式。be是（原形）；is是（第三人称单数）；are是（第二人称或复数）；was是（过去式）。本句为祈使句的否定结构“Don’t + 动词原形”，表示禁止或劝告，因此空格处需用动词原形be。故选A。 4．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）If there is any problem with the smart cleaner, ________ the manager directly, please. A．contact B．to contact C．contacting D．contacted 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果智能清洁器有任何问题，请直接联系经理。 考查祈使句的用法。本句是“if”引导的条件状语从句，主句为祈使句，祈使句需用动词原形开头。B选项是动词不定式，C选项是现在分词，D选项是过去式，均不符合祈使句的结构要求，“contact”（联系）是动词原形，符合语境。故选A。 四、感叹句 感叹句是用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子。常用what和how引导。 类别 结构 例句 what引导的感叹句 What+a/an+形容词+可数名词的单数形式（+主语+谓语）! What a beautiful girl （she is）! What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）! What important jobs （they have done）! What good news （it is）! how引导的感叹句 How+形容词/副词（+主语+谓语）! How delicious （the noodles are）! How fast （the river runs）! 易错提示 what 引导的感叹句中心词是名词；how引导的感叹句中心词是形容词/副词。 如“__ interesting books these are!”的中心词为books，句中these are为主语和谓语，因此填What；而“__ interesting the books are!”的中心词是interesting，the books are为主语和谓语，因此填How。 随堂训练 1．（25-26九年级上·云南昆明·期末）________ great progress China has made in technology, such as in 5G and AI! A．What B．What a C．How a D．How 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国在科技方面取得了多么大的进步啊，比如在5G和人工智能领域！ 本句中心词是“progress”，为不可数名词，应用“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词”结构。故选A。 2．（2026九年级·云南·专题练习）________ amazing achievement the Chinese scientists have made in the field of quantum computing (量子计算)! A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国科学家在量子计算领域取得了多么了不起的成就啊！ 考查感叹句的结构。What引导感叹句，后接名词；What an引导感叹句，后接可数名词单数（元音音素开头）；How引导感叹句，后接形容词/副词；How an为错误表达。根据“感叹句中心词是可数名词单数achievement（以元音音素开头）”的规则可知，此处应用“What an”引导感叹句。应填What an。 3．（2026九年级·云南·专题练习）________ exciting news it is! China has successfully launched another space station module. A．What B．What an C．How D．How an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：多么令人兴奋的消息啊！中国成功发射了另一个空间站舱体。 “What”用于引导感叹句，修饰名词或名词短语；“What an”用于引导感叹句，修饰以元音音素开头的单数可数名词；“How”用于引导感叹句，修饰形容词、副词或动词；“How an”表述错误，不存在这种用法。本句中“exciting news”是名词短语，且“news”是不可数名词，所以用“What”来引导这个感叹句，应填What。 4．（25-26九年级下·江西上饶·开学考试）—Jenny won first prize in Sharing Chinese Stories in English Competition. —________ great news it is! Her English used to be pretty bad. A．How a B．How C．What a D．What 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——珍妮在“用英语讲中国故事”比赛中获得了一等奖。——这是多么好的消息啊！她的英语以前还很差呢。 How a错误结构；How多么，后接形容词或副词；What a多么，后接以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词；What多么，后接不可数名词或复数名词。news是不可数名词，应用What引导感叹句，结构为What + adj. + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语，应填What。 5．（22-23九年级上·河南郑州·期末）—________ excellent work you have done! —It’s very kind of you to say so. A．What an B．How C．What D．How an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你做的工作多出色啊！——你这么说真是太好了。 考查感叹句。“excellent work”是一个名词短语，中心词“work”为不可数名词，因此应使用“What”引导，且不可数名词前不加冠词“a/an”。故选C。 综合训练 一．单句语法填空 1．There （be）many modern high-speed railways in Jiangsu and they help people travel easily. [答案]are 2．We hope there （be）a computer on every student's desk in the future. [答案]will be 3．There （be）not any tests to measure how kind you are to your friends,or how much you love to draw. [答案]are 4．There （be）a few things that you can do. [答案]are 5．A great saying always helps a lot.There （be）a lot of great Chinese sayings and many of them are about how to live a good life. [答案]are 6．There will be （rain）tomorrow.We can't eat out.We have to stay at home. [答案]rain 7．It was getting colder and colder,and there （be）less than 10 people in the square. [答案]were 8．Scientists worry that soon there （not be）enough water for us.What can we do to help?Use water wisely. [答案]won't be 9． strange it was!I left my book on the desk,but it was on the sofa when I came back. [答案]How 10． （close）your eyes and let music paint pictures in your mind.When the music ends, （open）your eyes and write down what you remember. [答案]Close；open 11．There （be）some good advice and ways about how to use the Internet correctly and wisely. [答案]is 12．The cheers filled the air. an exciting basketball game! [答案]What 13．—Attention,please! （stay）inside because of the heavy rain. —We will,Mr.Li. [答案]Stay 14． useful knowledge the astronaut in Tiangong Classroom has taught us! [答案]What 15．Lastly,act now!Speak clearly, （raise）your head and you'll notice the difference in the way you feel and the way people see you. [答案]raise 16．—Dad,shall we go to the library by bike or by car? —By bike.There （be）no parking lot there. 17． （keep）trying and do your best. [答案]Keep 18．—The pen can translate what you write down into English. — an interesting invention! [答案]What 19． （spend）less time on the phone at night,or you will find it hard to fall asleep. [答案]Spend 20．The C919,China's self-made large plane,is now in use. exciting the news is! [答案]How 21．Sometimes her grandchildren say to her,“Please （not go）out in your car all by yourself,Granny.We can take you to the shops.” [答案]don't go 二、翻译句子 1．不用时，请关掉电灯、电视和电脑。 ___________________________________________________________________ [答案]Please turn off lights,TVs and computers when they are not in use. 2．我们能做什么来帮助有需要的人？ ________________________________________ [答案]What can we do to help people in need? 3．别放弃！尽最大的努力，你一定会成功！ __________________________________________________ [答案]Don't give up!Try your best and you'll succeed! [答案]is 4．我们的学校旅行多么不寻常!我永远不会忘。（what） ______________________________________________________________ [答案]What an unusual school trip we had!I will never forget it. 5．无论你做什么，都不要失去勇气。（whatever,never） __________________________________________ [答案]Whatever you do,never lose your courage. 6．这个周末，秦皇岛有一场大型音乐会。 __________________________________________________________ [答案]There will be a big concert in Qinhuangdao this weekend. 7．你通常怎样使用零花钱?（spend） ____________________________________________ [答案]How do you usually spend your pocket money? 8．让我们看看十年后我们中多少人能实现自己的梦想。 __________________________________________________________________ [答案]Let's see how many of us can realize our dreams ten years later. 三．语法选择 A （2025·广东佛山·三模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 39-year-old Liu is a shop owner in Xinjiang. Days ago, he 1 by people for patiently picking a hat for a sick child and giving it to the child for free. The moving story took place in 2 children’s clothes shop in Xinjiang on December 31. That day a woman with a child walked into the shop and stood in front of a shelf filled with 3 for a long time. The child looked pale and his mother wasn’t sure which hat to pick. Seeing that, the shop owner Liu talked with the mother to see if he could help 4 . After knowing that the child was receiving chemotherapy (化疗), Liu decided 5 him a hat for free. He then put different hats on the child 6 until he chose his favourite one. The mother was very thankful 7 Liu. Liu is from Zhengzhou, Henan. He and his wife 8 a shop selling children’s clothes in Xinjiang years ago. The couple have sent clothes worth 20,000 yuan to poor children 9 they started the shop. “The hat isn’t worth much. I just hope it will bring warmth to him. I just want to be kinder and 10 in the future. Everyone should show a little love to others, especially those who are in need.” Liu said. 1．A．praised B．is praised C．was praised 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．hat B．hats C．hats’ 4．A．they B．them C．their 5．A．give B．giving C．to give 6．A．care B．careful C．carefully 7．A．to B．from C．with 8．A．open B．opened C．will open 9．A．since B．while C．unless 10．A．helpful B．more helpful C．the most helpful 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了新疆店主刘先生免费为化疗患儿挑选帽子的暖心故事，并介绍了他长期帮助贫困儿童的善举。 1．句意：几天前，他因耐心为病童挑选帽子并免费赠送而受到人们赞扬。 praised一般过去时主动语态；is praised一般现在时被动语态；was praised一般过去时被动语态。根据时间状语“Days ago”可知，时态为一般过去时；根据“he...by people”可知，此处指“他被人们赞扬”，所以为一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 2．句意：这个感人的故事发生在12月31日新疆的一家童装店。 a一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头单词前；an一个，不定冠词，表泛指，用于元音音素开头单词前；the那个，定冠词，表特指。此处首次提到“children’s clothes shop”需用不定冠词，且“children”单词发音以辅音音素开头，所以填a。故选A。 3． 句意：那天一位带孩子的女士走进商店，长时间站在一个摆满帽子的货架前。 hat帽子，单数；hats帽子，复数；hats’帽子的，所有格。根据“a shelf filled with”可知，架子上放满帽子，需要复数形式。故选B。 4．句意：店主刘与母亲交谈，看他是否能帮助他们。 they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词。此处作help宾语，需用宾格，故选B。 5．句意：得知孩子在接受化疗后，刘决定免费送他一顶帽子。 give给，动词原形；giving给，现在分词；to give给，不定式。decide to do是固定搭配，故选C。 6．句意：他仔细地把不同帽子戴在孩子头上，直到孩子选到最喜欢的。 care照顾，名词；careful仔细的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词。此处修饰动词“put”，需用副词，故选C。 7．句意：母亲对刘非常感激。 to表示方向；from表示来源；with表示伴随。be thankful to sb是固定搭配，故选A。 8．句意：他和妻子多年前在新疆开了一家童装店。 open开，动词原形；opened开，过去式；will open开，将来时。根据时间状语“years ago”可知，需用过去式，故选B。 9．句意：自开店以来，这对夫妇已向贫困儿童捐赠价值2万元的衣服。 since自从；while当……时；unless除非。根据“The couple have sent clothes worth 20,000 yuan to poor children...they started the shop.”可知，此处表示“自开店以来”，为since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，其它选项不符合时态要求，故选A。 10．句意：我只希望未来能更善良、更有帮助。 helpful有帮助的，原级；more helpful更有帮助的，比较级；the most helpful最有帮助的，最高级。根据“kinder and”可知，and前后形式一致，所以填比较级。故选B。 B （2025·广东佛山·三模）Nasheng, a 32-year-old doctor, works in a small town in Yunnan and takes care of more than 5, 400 villagers here. 1 a child, she saw her family have trouble getting medical help in inland areas. Long journeys and language problems made it even 2 . Therefore, she studied medicine in college and came back 3 her hometown. When she joined Yangla Town Health Center in 2021, life wasn’t easy. She lived in a tiny room 4 had little after-work fun. “Life here was 5 , but I never thought of leaving,” she smiled. To help more people, free mobile health checks 6 in villages every month. She noticed that 7 old couldn’t get treatment again, because the health center was too far. She suggested building a basic health station. Now it has a doctor, bringing care closer to the villagers. Villagers are thankful for 8 she has done. An 80-year-old grandma once bought 9 some fresh fruit from another town. Villagers also invited her to join their celebrations during the last Spring Festival. “Maybe I 10 to college one day,” she said, “but I’ll always come back. This is my home.” Just like Nasheng, we should use what we learn to take care of the land that raised us. 1．A．As B．For C．With 2．A．hard B．harder C．hardest 3．A．help B．helping C．to help 4．A．and B．or C．but 5．A．bored B．boring C．boredom 6．A．offered B．were offered C．were offering 7．A．a B．an C．the 8．A．what B．that C．how 9．A．she B．her C．hers 10．A．go B．went C．will go 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了云南小镇医生Nasheng的故事，展现了她扎根乡村、无私奉献的精神，并传递了 “用所学回报家乡” 的价值观。 1．句意：作为孩子时，她看到家人在内陆地区难以获得医疗帮助。 As作为；For为了；With和。根据“she saw her family have trouble getting medical help in inland areas.”可知是回顾小时候看到的情景，应是“作为孩子时”。故选A。 2．句意：长途行程和语言问题使情况变得更困难了。 hard困难的，形容词或副词；harder更困难的；hardest最困难的。even修饰形容词比较级。故选B。 3．句意：因此，她在大学学习医学，回来帮助家乡。 help帮助，动词原形；helping帮助，动名词或现在分词；to help帮助，动词不定式。回来的目的是为了帮助家乡，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。 4．句意：她住在一个小房间里，下班后几乎没有什么乐趣。 and并且；or或者；but但是。前后句为并列关系，应用and。故选A。 5．句意：“这里的生活很无聊，但我从未想过离开，”她笑着说。 bored感到无聊的；boring无聊的；boredom无聊。形容事物无聊，应用形容词boring。故选B。 6．句意：为了帮助更多的人，村庄每月提供免费的移动健康检查。 offered提供。一般过去时；were offered被提供，一般过去时的被动语态；were offering正在提供，过去进行时。主语“free mobile health checks”与谓语动词“offer”为被动关系且句子为一般过去时，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 7．句意：她注意到老人不能再次接受治疗，因为健康中心太远了。 a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，表特指。the old“老年人”，“the+形容词”表示一类。故选C。 8．句意：村民们感谢她所做的一切。 what什么；that那个；how如何。空处作done的宾语，应用what。故选A。 9．句意：一位80岁的老奶奶曾经从另一个城镇给她买过一些新鲜水果。 she她，人称代词主格；her她/她的，人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。此处作bought的宾语用人称代词宾格。故选B。 10．句意：“也许有一天我会去上大学，”她说，“但我总是会回来的。这是我的家。” go去，动词原形；went去，动词过去式；will go将要去，一般将来时。根据“one day”结合语境判断此处为一般将来时。故选C。 四．选词填空 A （2025·广东佛山·三模）请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次。 they   as   life   restaurant   so   tired   alone   make   keep   change   delicious   slow The old saying “Good medicine tastes bitter.” may be no longer true. For a long time, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is thought to be good for health but not 1 to eat or drink. However, things are different now. A creative TCM milk tea is 2 by Chongqing Jiangbei District Hospital of TCM. It’s not so sweet 3 common milk tea and has a little herbal (药草的) smell. “The TCM milk tea is popular. Almost everyone who tried it shares the special taste with their friends,” says a doctor in the hospital. At the same time, some 4 sell food and drinks with TCM. You can have bread and cakes with low sugar and ice cream that is cool but can help you lower the summer heat 5 . TCM food and drinks are popular among young people. For one thing, young people are 6 because of their busy work. They always call themselves “crispy skin youths” (脆皮青年). That’s why they want to 7 their poor diets. For another, it’s hard for 8 to give up their love for junk food. They think 9 will be boring without tasty food. Now different kinds of TCM food and drinks were made to meet the needs for different tastes by the scientists and doctors, 10 more and more young people choose TCM food and drinks. 【答案】1．delicious 2．made 3．as 4．restaurants 5．slowly 6．tired 7．change 8．them 9．life 10．so 【导语】本文介绍了中医药奶茶等创新产品如何改变年轻人对传统中药的认知并满足其健康需求。 1．句意：长期以来，中药被认为对健康有益，但吃或喝起来不美味。结合备选词汇可知，此处表示吃起来不美味；delicious“美味的”符合语境。故填delicious。 2．句意：重庆江北区中医院研制了一种创新的中药奶茶。根据被动语态结构可知，需填过去分词；be made by“被……制作”。made“制作”符合语境。故填made。 3．句意：它不像普通奶茶那么甜。此处需填比较级连接词；as“像……一样”构成not so…as结构。故填as。 4．句意：同时，一些餐厅销售含中药的食品饮料。根据复数主语和动词sell判断，需填名词复数；restaurants“餐厅”符合语境。故填restaurants。 5．句意：你可以吃低糖的面包和蛋糕，以及清凉的冰淇淋，帮助你在夏天缓慢降温。此处需填副词修饰动词短语；slowly“缓慢地”与中医调理理念契合。故填slowly。 6．句意：年轻人因工作繁忙而感到疲惫。根据系动词are判断，需填形容词；由“because of their busy work.”可知他们是累的，tired“疲惫的”符合语境。故填tired。 7．句意：他们想改善不良饮食。结合不定式结构to do，需填动词原形；根据“their poor diets”可知change“改变”符合语境。故填change。 8．句意：他们很难放弃对垃圾食品的喜爱。根据for判断，需填代词宾格；them“他们”指代前文年轻人。故填them。 9．句意：他们认为没有美食生活会很无聊。此处需填主语名词；life“生活”符合语境。故填life。 10．句意：因此越来越多的年轻人选择中药食品饮料。根据句子结构判断，需填结果状语连词；so“因此”符合逻辑。故填so。 B （2025·广东佛山·三模）请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 while   warm  of  meal  simple    imagine    fact    for  story    true    they     beat Hot pot, a popular dish, has a long history of about two thousand years in China. 1 sitting around a warm pot at a table with your friends and family. Everyone is laughing, telling 2 and cooking their food right in the pot. This isn’t just about eating. It’s about having a good time together. The story of hot pot started because people needed to keep 3 in winter. They found eating meat and vegetables from a pot of hot soup made 4 feel comfortable and full. Then hot pot started as a common way to 5 the cold. Then it grew into a tradition and spread all over China. As time went by, each part of China made its own special kind 6 hot pot. For example, Sichuan made a spicy hot pot, 7 Beijing preferred a clear soup with thin pieces of mutton. This shows how one 8 idea can change into so many different and delicious dishes. Now, people all around the world enjoy hot pot. It 9 shows how food can bring us together. It’s more than just a 10 . It’s a way to bring people closer, share joy and create good memories. 【答案】1．Imagine 2．stories 3．warm 4．them 5．beat 6．of 7．while 8．simple 9．truly 10．meal 【导语】本文介绍了火锅作为中国传统美食的文化意义，强调其社交属性、历史演变及全球影响力，展现火锅不仅是食物，更是连接情感、传承文化的纽带。 1．句意：想象一下与朋友和家人围坐在餐桌旁的一个温暖的锅旁。此处指想象与朋友和家人吃火锅的场景，肯定祈使句，应用imagine的原形，句首字母大写。故填Imagine。 2．句意：每个人都在笑、讲着故事、并在锅里煮着菜。tell stories“讲故事”，固定搭配。故填stories。 3．句意：火锅的故事始于人们在冬天需要保暖。根据“in winter”可知，冬天要保暖“keep warm”。故填warm。 4．句意：他们发现，吃一锅热汤中的肉和蔬菜会让人感到舒适和饱腹。根据前文“they”，可知用代词宾格them，作made的宾语。故填them。 5．句意：然后火锅开始成为一种常见的抵御寒冷的方式。beat the cold“抵御寒冷”，不定式符号to后用动词原形。故填beat。 6．句意：随着时间的推移，中国各地都制作了自己独特的火锅。special kind of“独特的”。故填of。 7．句意：例如，四川做的是麻辣火锅，而北京更喜欢清汤配薄羊肉。表示对比用while“而”。故填while。 8．句意：这展示了一个简单的想法是如何变成这么多不同的美味菜肴的。此处指前文提到的“They found eating meat and vegetables from a pot of hot soup made…feel comfortable and full.”简单想法，simple“简单的”，修饰idea。故填simple。 9．句意：它真实地展示了食物如何将我们聚集在一起。此处表达食物将人们聚在一起的事实，应用副词truly“真实地”修饰动词shows。故填truly。 10．句意：这不仅仅是一顿饭。根据后文“It’s a way to bring people closer, share joy and create good memories.”可知，这不仅仅是一顿饭“meal”，更是情感的纽带。故填meal。 五．语法填空 A （2025·浙江湖州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 An English teacher from New Zealand recently explored the beautiful countryside of Baoding in North China’s Hebei Province by cycling with his family. Along with more than 100 cyclists, Robert’s whole family 1 (take) part in the “Riding in Baoding” event on Saturday, experiencing 2 natural beauty, rich culture and prosperity of countryside. “I’ve been in Baoding for almost 10 years and have witnessed the rapid development here, especially in the rural areas where people are kind and living a 3 (good) life than before,” said the 56-year-old Robert. Robert came to Baoding in 2015 and has worked at Hebei Finance University 4 an English teacher. He also married a Chinese woman and they live 5 (happy) with their children. During his time in Baoding, he has enjoyed 6 (he) in various activities to learn about Chinese culture, 7 he now even knows a lot about traditional Chinese medicine. “After experiencing this, I hope 8 (share) the stories of the countryside and its people with the world,” he said. The “Riding in Baoding” event to explore the beautiful countryside 9 (hold) from March to July every year, visiting over seventy 10 (village) in 20 counties. The activities show the features and charm of the beauty and new looks of the countryside. 【答案】1．took 2．the 3．better 4．as 5．happily 6．himself 7．and 8．to share 9．is held 10．villages 【导语】本文主要讲述了来自新西兰的英语教师罗伯特与家人参加保定骑行活动，体验中国乡村美景与文化，并分享他在中国的生活经历。 1．句意：周六，罗伯特一家和100多名骑行爱好者一起参加了“骑行保定”活动，体验了保定农村的自然风光、丰富的文化和繁荣。根据“on Saturday”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填took。 2．句意：周六，罗伯特一家和100多名骑行爱好者一起参加了“骑行保定”活动，体验了保定农村的自然风光、丰富的文化和繁荣。此处是特指保定农村的自然风光、丰富的文化和繁荣，用定冠词the。故填the。 3．句意：我来保定快10年了，目睹了这里的快速发展，特别是在农村地区，那里的人们很善良，生活比以前更好。根据“than”可知，空处用比较级形式。故填better。 4．句意：罗伯特于2015年来到保定，曾在河北金融学院担任英语老师。此处是指作为一名英语老师，用介词as“作为”。故填as。 5．句意：他还娶了一个中国女人，他们和孩子们幸福地生活在一起。空处修饰动词live，用副词形式。故填happily。 6．句意：在保定期间，他参加了各种各样的活动来学习中国文化，乐在其中，现在他甚至了解了很多中医。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，空处用反身代词。故填himself。 7．句意：在保定期间，他参加了各种各样的活动来学习中国文化，乐在其中，现在他甚至了解了很多中医。空前后句是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 8．句意：在经历这一切后，我希望与世界分享乡村和人民的故事。hope to do sth“希望做某事”。故填to share。 9．句意：每年3月至7月，保定市都会举办“骑行保定”活动，探访20个县的70多个乡村。主语与hold之间是动宾关系，且根据“every year”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，空处用一般现在时的被动语态is held。故填is held。 10．句意：每年3月至7月，保定市都会举办“骑行保定”活动，探访20个县的70多个乡村。根据“over seventy”可知，空处用名词复数形式。故填villages。 B （2025·浙江湖州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 “Thank you for your email. I 1 (leave) already to follow my dream of knitting (编织) sweaters for penguins and no longer work for the school. I won’t be back to my office 2 my penguin friends are happy.” 3 (month) ago a teacher in the UK sent this email to her Chinese student, and it soon became popular online. You may find this email 4 (surprise), but knitting sweaters for penguins is a real act of kindness. The Penguin Foundation came up with 5 idea. The activity began because of a serious oil spill (泄漏) near Phillip Island 6 the 2010s. Then the number and health of baby penguins had a serious drop. When little penguins were covered in oil, 7 (they) lives were put in danger. 8 (solve) this problem, the foundation asked people from all over the world to knit sweaters for penguins. These sweaters could keep them warm and stop them from eating the oil. 9 (luck), the idea worked. Soon there was another oil spill near Phillip Island. This time, the sweaters helped save 96 percent of the penguins in the area. However, some bird protection groups have questioned 10 these sweaters might put more stress (压力) on penguins. The foundation said the sweaters are only used for a short time. Once the penguins are better, they no longer wear them. 【答案】1．have left 2．until 3．Months 4．surprising 5．the 6．in 7．their 8．To solve 9．Luckily 10．if/whether 【导语】本文讲述了一位英国教师为了追求为企鹅编织毛衣的梦想而辞职，并介绍了这一善举的起源及其对保护企鹅的重要作用。 1．句意：我已经离开去追随我编织企鹅毛衣的梦想，不再为学校工作。根据“already”可知动作已经完成，用现在完成时。故填have left。 2．句意：在我的企鹅朋友开心之前，我不会回到办公室。根据“won’t be back”可知需要一个时间状语，not...until“直到……才”。故填until。 3．句意：几个月前，英国的一位老师给她的中国学生发了这封邮件。“month”是可数名词，其前没有冠词，此处用复数。首字母大写。故填Months。 4．句意：你可能会觉得这封邮件令人惊讶。根据“find”可知需要形容词作宾语补足语，此处表示令人吃惊。故填surprising。 5．句意：企鹅基金会提出了这个想法。根据“came up with...idea”可知需要表示“这个”的限定词，故填the。 6．句意：由于2010年代菲利普岛附近的一次严重石油泄漏，这项活动开始了。根据“near Phillip Island...the 2010s.”可知需要表示时间的词，in+the+年代是固定搭配。故填in。 7．句意：当小企鹅被油覆盖时，它们的生命处于危险之中。根据“lives”可知需要物主代词，故填their。 8．句意：为了解决这个问题，基金会请求世界各地的人们为企鹅编织毛衣。根据“...solve this problem, the foundation asked people from all over the world to knit sweaters for penguins.”可知需要表示目的的动词不定式，故填To solve。 9．句意：幸运的是，这个想法奏效了。根据“the idea worked”可知需要表示幸运的副词，修饰整个句子。故填Luckily。 10．句意：然而，一些鸟类保护组织质疑这些毛衣是否会给企鹅带来更多压力。根据“questioned...these sweaters might put more stress (压力) on penguins.”可知需要引导宾语从句的连接词，此处表示“是否”，用if/whether引导宾语从句。故填if/whether。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $