Unit2语法专项课件—— 一般现在时2025-2026学年沪教版英语七年级上册

教学课件 沪教（牛津）英语七年级上册 Unit 2 语法专项—— 一般现在时 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 1.掌握一般现在时的三大核心用法，能区分不同场景的运用。 2.熟练掌握肯定句、否定句、疑问句的正确结构。 3.牢记动词第三人称单数（-s/-es）的变化规则。 4.掌握频度副词/短语的用法及正确位置。 5.能完成单选、句型转换、填空、情景对话等多样题型。 6.能运用一般现在时描述习惯、事实和现在状态。 一般现在时—核心定义 一般现在时（The simple present）是英语基础时态。 主要用于描述经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实。 也可用于描述现在的状态、能力或喜好。 它不受具体时间限制，强调动作的规律性和稳定性。 常与频度副词（always, usually）、频度短语（every day）搭配。 核心用法1—描述习惯性、经常性动作 用于表达日常规律、反复发生的行为，有固定频率。 常搭配频度副词（always, usually, often, sometimes）或频度短语。 主语无论人称，动作都具有重复性和规律性。 例句：I walk to school every day.（我每天步行上学。） 例句：He usually gets up at 7:45 a.m.（他通常早上7:45起床。） 核心用法2—描述客观事实、普遍真理 用于表达不受时间、地点限制的客观事实或科学真理。 这类句子的时态永远用一般现在时，不会随语境变化。 主语多为单数名词（如the Earth）或不可数名词。 例句：The Earth goes around the Sun.（地球绕着太阳转。） 例句：Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.（水在100摄氏度沸腾。） 核心用法3—描述现在的状态或能力 用于表达当前的状态、喜好、情感或具备的能力。 动作不强调频率，只说明当前的情况。 常与be动词、like, love, can等词搭配。 例句：I like English very much.（我非常喜欢英语。） 例句：She can speak English well.（她英语说得很好。） 动词形式—肯定句结构（重点） 肯定句分两种情况，核心区别在主语人称和动词形式。 1.主语是I, you, we, they（第一、二人称及复数）：动词用原形。 例句：I start school at 8:00 a.m. / They have dinner at 7:00 p.m. 2.主语是he, she, it（第三人称单数）：动词变三单（+s/-es）。 例句：He starts school at 9:00 a.m. / It rains a lot in summer. 动词第三人称单数—变化规则1 大部分动词变三单，直接在词尾加 -s。 play → plays work → works start → starts read → reads walk → walks meet → meets 注意：动词结尾是清辅音，-s读/s/；浊辅音/元音，-s读/z/。 例句：He plays football after school. / She reads books every night. 动词第三人称单数—变化规则2 1.以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的动词，词尾加 -es。 do → does go → goes watch → watches 2.以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词，变y为i再加-es。 study → studies fly → flies worry → worries 例句：He does his homework every day. / She studies hard. 动词第三人称单数—不规则变化 少数动词变三单是不规则的，需单独记忆，高频考点。 have → has （最常用，务必牢记） 例句：He has a new pen. / My mother has dinner at 6:30. 注意：其他动词均遵循前面的规则，无额外不规则变化。 动词形式—否定句结构 否定句需借助助动词do/does，核心是“助动词+not+动词原形”。 1.主语I, you, we, they：用 do not（缩写为don’t）+ 动词原形。 例句：I don’t walk to school. / They don’t eat out often. 2.主语he, she, it：用 does not（缩写为doesn’t）+ 动词原形。 例句：He doesn’t walk to school. / She doesn’t like coffee. 动词形式—疑问句结构 疑问句同样借助助动词do/does，需将助动词提前。 1.主语I, you, we, they：Do + 主语 + 动词原形？ 例句：Do you walk to school? / Do they have dinner at 7:00? 2.主语he, she, it：Does + 主语 + 动词原形？ 例句：Does he walk to school? / Does she like English? 注意：疑问句中，does后面的动词必须用原形。 频度副词—用法及位置（重点） 常用频度副词（按频率从高到低）：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never。 核心位置：实义动词前，be动词/助动词后。 例句：He usually gets up at 7:45 a.m.（实义动词前） 例句：She is often late for school.（be动词后） 例句：They don’t often eat out.（助动词后） 频度短语—用法及位置 常用频度短语：every day, every Monday, once a week, twice a month等。 核心位置：通常放在句末，有时也可放在句首（强调频率）。 例句：Jack takes part in after-school activities every Monday.（句末） 例句：Every day, I go to school on foot.（句首，加逗号） 注意：频度短语不影响动词的形式变化。 基础训练1—动词三单形式填空 1.I ________ (walk) to school every day. 2.He ________ (get) up at 7:45 a.m. 3.She ________ (meet) her friends at 8:15 a.m. 4.It ________ (rain) a lot in spring. 5.They ________ (have) dinner around 7:00 p.m. 6.My mother ________ (go) to the supermarket every week. walk gets meets rains have goes 基础训练2—否定句改写 1.I walk to school. I ________ walk to school. 2.He gets up at 7:45 a.m. He __________ get up at 7:45 a.m. 3.They have dinner at 7:00 p.m. They ________ have dinner at 7:00 p.m. 4.She likes English. She ______________ like English. don’t doesn’t don’t doesn’t 基础训练3—疑问句改写 1.I walk to school. ____________ you walk to school? 2.He gets up at 7:45 a.m. ____________ he get up at 7:45 a.m.? 3.They have dinner at 7:00 p.m. ____________ they have dinner at 7:00 p.m.? 4.She goes to bed early. ____________ she go to bed early? Do Does Do Does 单项选择1 1.Tom usually ________ up at 7:30 a.m. A. get B. gets C. got D. getting 2.We ________ to school on foot every day. A. go B. goes C. went D. going 3.________ your father go to work by car? A. Do B. Does C. Did D. Doing 4.My mother ________ watch TV in the evening. She is busy. A. don’t B. doesn’t C. isn’t D. aren’t B A B B 5.he Earth ________ around the Sun. A. go B. goes C. went D. going 6.He ________ eats fast food. It’s bad for his health. A. always B. usually C. often D. never 7.How often ________ you and your family eat out? A. do B. does C. did D. doing 8.She ________ often go to the park on weekends. A. don’t B. doesn’t C. isn’t D. aren’t B D A B 句型转换（对划线部分提问） 1.Jack gets up at 7:45 a.m. ________ ________ does Jack ________ up? 2.He meets his friends at 8:15 a.m. ________ ________ he ________ at 8:15 a.m.? 3.hey have dinner around 7:00 p.m. ________ ________ they ________ dinner? 4.She seldom eats out. ________ ________ ________ she eat out? 5.I walk to school.（用he改写句子） He ________ to school. 6.He does his homework after school. ________ ________ he ________ after school? What time get What does do When do have How often does walks What does do 完成句子 1.杰克通常早上7:45起床。 Jack usually ________ (get) up at 7:45 a.m. 2.他经常在早上8:15会见他的朋友。 He often ________ (meet) his friends at 8:15 a.m. 3.学校总是在早上9:00开始上课。 School always ________ (start) at 9:00 a.m. 4.我每天步行去上学。 I ________ (walk) to school every day. gets meets starts walk 5.他和他的父母通常在晚上7点左右吃晚饭。 He and his parents usually ________ (have) dinner around 7:00 p.m. 6.他们很少出去吃饭。 They seldom ________ (eat) out. 7.她从不晚睡。 She never ________ (go) to bed late. 8.他每天放学后做作业。 He ________ (do) his homework after school. have eat goes does 情景对话 A: Hi, Lily. 1. ________ time do you usually get up? B: I usually get up at 7:30 a.m. A: How 2. ________ you go to school? B: I go to school by bike with my classmates. A: When 3. ________ school start? B: It starts at 9:00 a.m. A: What 4. ________ you do every Monday? B: I take part in the music club after school. What do does do 情景对话2 A: Hi, Tom. How 5. ________ do you eat out with your family? B: Seldom. We usually have dinner at home. A: What 6. ________ your mother do every weekend? B: She usually goes shopping in the supermarket near our home. A: 7. ________ you like English? B: Yes, I do. It’s very interesting. A: Do you often read English books? B: Yes, I 8. ________ read them every evening. often does Do often 高频易错点总结（一） 1.主语三单时，动词必须变三单，不能用原形。 错误：He get up late. 正确：He gets up late. 2.否定句、疑问句中，助动词用does后，动词必须用原形。 错误：Does he gets up late? 正确：Does he get up late? 3.频度副词位置错误，需放在实义动词前、be动词/助动词后。 错误：He goes often to school. 正确：He often goes to school. 高频易错点总结（二） 4.客观真理必须用一般现在时，不受语境影响。 错误：The Earth went around the Sun. 正确：The Earth goes around the Sun. 5.have的三单是has，易误写为have。 错误：He have a new bag. 正确：He has a new bag. 6.以“辅音+y”结尾的动词，变三单需先变y为i再加es。 错误：He study hard. 正确：He studies hard. 课堂总结（一）——核心用法 一般现在时三大核心用法： 1.习惯性、经常性动作（搭配频度副词/短语）。 2.客观事实、普遍真理（时态不变）。 3.现在的状态、能力或喜好。 掌握用法是正确运用一般现在时的基础。 课堂总结（二）——动词形式 三种句式的核心结构，务必牢记： 1.肯定句：I/you/we/they+原形；he/she/it+三单。 2.否定句：I/you/we/they+don’t+原形；he/she/it+doesn’t+原形。 3.疑问句：Do+I/you/we/they+原形？Does+he/she/it+原形？ 课堂总结（三）——重点拓展 1.动词三单变化：一般加s，特殊加es，have变has。 2.频度副词：位置（实义前，be/助动词后），频率顺序。 3.频度短语：多放句末，可放句首（加逗号）。 这些是考试高频考点，需熟练掌握。 教学课件 Unit 2 语法专项—— 一般现在时 Thank you for listening! 30 $