专题1 专题强化训练7 推理判断题——写作意图题-【备考最优解】2026版高考二轮专题复习·英语（教用课件）

专题强化训练7　推理判断题——写作意图题 1 A (2025·济南一模)Wildlife photographer Ingo Arndt discovered his first enormous ant mound (蚁丘) as a child exploring the forest with his father near their home almost 50 years ago. They were bird-watching and came around a bend in a thickly wooded area when there it was: a five-foot-tall mound, standing upward like a large stalagmite (石笋). Arndt wanted to investigate more closely, but a very particular smell suggested he rethink that. The air felt thick and sharp, discomforting his nose. “All my life，” he says, “I could remember the smell.” 专题强化训练 Several years later, Arndt moved to the countryside. He continued his fascination with the mounds and their armies of tiny engineers. Outfitted with a high-resolution camera, he began photographing the mounds and sharing his imagery with researchers for a scientific perspective. It turned out the mound makers were indeed special. They were red wood ants—one of the smallest of all so-called keystone species. Keystone species such as elephants and sharks are watched closely because their behaviors affect so many aspects of the ecosystem that if they disappeared, it would struggle to adapt. Researchers also explained the smell from the mound. As the insects build a nest, they generate formic acid (蚁酸), the origin of the smell, which helps to fight against enemies. 专题强化训练 But in recent decades, the population of ants has been declining as the forests have fallen victim to logging, urbanization, and wildfires, as well as drought and higher temperatures that have become more frequent with climate change. This has led several countries across the ants' range, including Germany, to enlist them as a protected species by law. Today Arndt's photos display that as social insects, these small ants not only form complex societies, but they also cohabitate with a wide variety of species, creating a mass of coexisting relationships across a variety of plant and animal species. They are also a reminder that by protecting these unnoticed creatures, we are actually protecting ourselves. 专题强化训练 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过阿恩特的经历和对红木蚁的研究，强调了这些微小物种在自然界中的重要性，尤其是它们对生态系统的影响。 专题强化训练 1．How was Arndt's first encounter with the ant mound? A．It reminded him of a bad experience. B．It left him an unforgettable memory. C．It aroused his enthusiasm for nature. D．It inspired him to protect the forests. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The air felt thick and sharp...‘I could remember the smell.’”可知，这段经历给他留下了难忘的记忆。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 2．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．The wooded area. B．The mound maker. C．The keystone species. D．The entire ecosystem. 解析：代词指代题。根据画线词上文“Keystone species such as elephants and sharks...that if they disappeared”可知，画线词it指代上文提到的生态系统。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 3．What contributed to the decrease in the number of ants? A．Their worsened habitats. B．Their changing behavior. C．Their severe competition. D．Their limited population. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But in recent decades...have become more frequent with climate change.”可知，蚂蚁数量的减少是由于森林砍伐、城市化、野火、干旱和气温升高等因素导致的栖息地恶化。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 4．What is the passage mainly intended to tell us? A．Massive lives exist on earth. B．Tiny species count in nature. C．Social creatures live in groups. D．Little ants are master architects. 解析：写作意图题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的“They are also a reminder that by protecting these unnoticed creatures, we are actually protecting ourselves.”可知，文章想要告诉我们这些微小的物种在生态系统中的重要性。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 高中学力测评 历史 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 B (2025·盐城五校联盟模拟)Personality used to be a one-per-customer deal: like it or not, you were who you were, and lying to a pen pal was about the closest you could get to have a different ego. That was then. With the appearance of social networking sites, a second, carefully crafted identity is now available to anyone with an Internet connection. And that has psychologists wonder: just how well do these online personalities match the person sitting at the keyboard? 专题强化训练 The answer, it turns out, is pretty well. In a recent study of 133 undergraduates with certain social media profiles, University of Texas psychologist Samuel D. Gosling measured the correlation between personality tests online and off, and found—contrary to the assumption that social networking sites can't capture one's features—that the students represented themselves quite faithfully. Gosling surveyed the group on a standard five-point personality test, which measures extroversion, agreeableness, sense of responsibility, emotional stability, and openness to new experiences. Then he rated the same subjects according only to their social media profiles, which usually included photos and lists of interests, from academic majors to favorite books and movies. 专题强化训练 Gosling found a correlation between assessments in four of the five categories, with emotional stability as the only one showing no significant results across personal and online assessments. (Gosling says he was not surprised at the latter, since emotional stability is something that people are good at hiding across most media.)While extroversion showed the highest correlation, the study suggests that “openness to new experience” is perhaps better conveyed online than in person. 专题强化训练 “The social media users don't tend to put a lot of personal information on their pages，” Gosling says, so someone who posted touching personal stories, for example, might come off as oversharing without intending to. In short, says Gosling, the social media users aren't generally using the site as an image buffer, a resume enhancer, or a separate self. “They just use it as a medium for social life.” 专题强化训练 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了心理学家通过实验证明社交媒体用户总是在网上保持自我，他们在线上和线下的性格匹配得很好，并仅仅将网络当作社交生活的媒介。 专题强化训练 5．What is the usual assumption about social networking sites? A．They provide good study platforms. B．They contain totally fake information. C．They couldn't show one's real nature. D．They are friendly to various personalities. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“contrary to the assumption that social networking sites can't capture one's features”可知，关于社交网站，常见的假设是网络不能表现出一个人的真实本性。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 6．Which showed no connection between personality tests online and off? A．Openness to new experience. B．Extroversion. C．Sense of responsibility. D．Emotional stability. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“with emotional stability as the only one showing no significant results across personal and online assessments”可知，情绪稳定性在线上和线下的测试中没有关联性。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 7．Why do social media users stay true to themselves online? A．True personality beautifies image. B．The site is a medium for social life. C．Only cheats invest in a false identity. D．Various interests can be shared there. 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，社交媒体的用户只是将网络作为社交生活的媒介，因此他们在网上保持自我。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 8．What's the purpose of the passage? A．To introduce a finding. B．To offer a recommendation. C．To defend a viewpoint. D．To present a phenomenon. 解析：写作意图题。根据第一段中的“And that has psychologists...at the keyboard？”以及第二段中的“The answer, it turns out, is pretty well.”可知，本文的主要目的是介绍心理学家的发现。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 C (2025·河南五市联考)“Where can I find your disability section？” This was the question that baffled Waterstones staff when asked by Dr Hannah Barham Brown. It should have been a pretty straightforward answer. Hannah was looking for the part of the shop where non-fiction books about disability and by disabled authors were kept, but the question drew a blank. 专题强化训练 This is because most bookshops don't have a specific place for non-fiction disabled books. Where there are sections for non-fiction books on important sections of identity such as race, gender and social studies, disability has been forgotten about again. Hannah took to social media to share her disappointment and it resonated (共鸣) with much of the disabled community. After being asked by one Waterstones staff member if she could fill a shelf, she sourced a long list that could take up a whole bookcase. And there is a huge number of them to choose from. There are also some incredible new and upcoming books by disabled voices. And hopefully, in the coming years, my own memoir book will also sit alongside them. 专题强化训练 From my own experience, the book-writing world is a hard space to access as a disabled woman. We're constantly told there isn't a market for our books or cheated off by agents and publishers who say they already have something similar—when often the only similarity is that we're disabled women. Not having our own section feeds these problems. The response I've had to this campaign shows that the demand for these books is there. 专题强化训练 Growing up I would get swept up in stories of regular girls having adventures—but as someone treated with multiple conditions from the age of nine onwards, I very rarely saw myself in the pages I was pouring over. Growing up I never saw myself in books and it was one of the reasons I struggled to accept my disabilities. Hopefully disabled kids will grow up learning they're fine just as they are. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章探讨了书店缺乏残障类书籍专区所带来的问题。 专题强化训练 9．What does the underlined word “baffled” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Amused.　　　　 B．Moved. C．Confused. D．Angered. 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可知，汉娜·巴哈姆·布朗博士问的问题本应是一个相当简单直接就能回答的问题，然而书店工作人员却答不上来。问题答不出来，工作人员应该是感到困惑。由此可推知，画线词意为“困惑的”。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 10．What is the problem with books for the disabled in the bookstore? A．Few of them are published. B．No special areas are for them. C．The latest ones are in short supply. D．They are seen as non-fiction books. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，书店里残障相关书籍存在的问题是没有专门为它们设立的区域。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 11．What can be inferred about the author? A．She is a writer. B．She is a teacher. C．She is a historian. D．She is a librarian. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“And hopefully, in the coming years, my own memoir book will also sit alongside them.”以及第四段中的“From my own experience...we're disabled women.”可推知，作者是一名作家。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 11 10 12 12．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage? A．To donate books to the disabled. B．To promote books from the disabled. C．To support education for the disabled. D．To address reading needs for the disabled. 解析：写作意图题。文章开篇讲述了汉娜·巴哈姆·布朗博士在书店找不到残障类书籍专区的经历，接着指出书店普遍缺乏这类专区的现象，然后结合自身作为残障女性在图书创作领域的艰难经历，说明残障类书籍有需求却面临诸多困境，最后提到自己成长过程中很少在书中看到与自己相关的内容，希望残障儿童能通过相关书籍认识到自己本来的样子就很好。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是设法解决残障人士的阅读需求问题。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 12 10 11 Next year's solar eclipse isn't the only one on the horizon. There will be another total solar eclipse in 2027, and Holland America Line will take guests to the path of totality. The cruise line will sail two ships off the coast of North Africa to give passengers a prime viewing experience on Aug. 2, 2027. 题源：https：//www.usatoday.com/ 专题强化训练 “The excitement around viewing total solar eclipse the past few years has been obvious, and we jumped at the chance to create more itineraries (行程) that give our guests the incomparable opportunity of viewing the eclipse at sea，” Paul Grigsby, the line's vice president of deployment, said in a news release. “When you're at sea, there is a greater opportunity to witness an eclipse in the clear because the ship can attempt to position itself away from cloud cover—and the view on the horizon means you get more of the shadow coming in and going out.” 专题强化训练 The 28-Day Legendary Solar Eclipse & Cosmic Port Explorer cruise will depart on July 10, 2027. Guests will sail round-trip from Rotterdam in the Netherlands aboard the line's nearly 2，700-guest Nieuw Statendam ship. For those looking for a shorter option, the 14-Day Solar Eclipse & Astronomical Discovery itinerary will begin on July 31. The line's Oosterdam—which can accommodate just under 2，000 guests—will sail round-trip from Piraeus, Greece, the port for Athens. 专题强化训练 Passengers booking on the 28-day itinerary will visit ports in Denmark, the U．K., France, Spain, Morocco and more before making their way to an eclipse-viewing spot off Morocco's coast. The itinerary includes overnight stops in Tilbury, England and Barcelona. Oosterdam, for its part, will kick off its voyage with eclipse viewing near Tunisia, before visiting the country along with Malta—where it will stay overnight in Valletta—Italy and Greece. Grigsby noted the cruise line “took care to add ports into the itinerary that have some connections to the study of the sun and stars，” such as England's Isle of Portland which offers access to Stonehenge. 专题强化训练 The 28-day cruise currently starts at $5，619 per person based on double occupancy, including taxes and fees, according to Holland America's website. The 14-day itinerary currently starts at $3，529 per person. Holland America Line fares include accommodations, many meals on board, entertainment and more. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了荷兰美国邮轮公司推出的让游客在海上观赏2027年8月2日的日全食的两条航线。 专题强化训练 1．Why does Paul Grigsby mention that the ship can position itself away from cloud cover? A．To highlight the convenience of the cruise itinerary. B．To emphasize the unique advantage of viewing the eclipse at sea. C．To explain the technical capabilities of the cruise ships. D．To encourage more passengers to book the shorter 14-day cruise. 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When you're at sea...the shadow coming in and going out.”可推知，保罗·格里格斯比提到船只可以避开云层，是为了强调在海上观看日全食的独特优势。 √ 4 2 3 1 专题强化训练 2．Where will the 28-Day Legendary Solar Eclipse & Cosmic Port Explorer cruise depart from? A．Rotterdam, Netherlands. B．Piraeus, Greece. C．Tilbury, England. D．Barcelona, Spain. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The 28-Day Legendary Solar Eclipse...nearly 2，700-guest Nieuw Statendam ship.”可知，28天的传奇日全食和宇宙港口探险游轮行程将从荷兰的鹿特丹出发。 √ 4 2 3 1 专题强化训练 3．What is the main focus of the cruise itinerary described in paragraph 4? A．Visiting historical sites related to astronomy. B．Sailing around the Mediterranean Sea. C．Viewing a solar eclipse from specific locations. D．Exploring various ports in Europe and Africa. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，在某一特定地点，即摩洛哥海岸附近的一个地点观看日食是整个行程的主要焦点。 √ 4 2 3 1 专题强化训练 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To describe the excitement of past solar eclipses. B.To announce the availability of two new solar eclipse cruises. C.To explain the science behind total solar eclipses. D．To compare the itineraries of different cruise lines. 解析：写作意图题。 通读全文可知，文章的主要目的是宣布荷兰美国邮轮公司推出的两条新的日全食观赏航线，包括行程安排、出发地、停靠港口和价格等信息。 √ 4 2 3 1 专题强化训练 A篇 [高频词]enormous adj.巨大的　bend n．弯曲处；拐角　wooded adj.长满树木的、树木覆盖的　investigate v．调查　fall victim to成为……的牺牲品　drought n．干旱　[障碍词]fascination n．魅力、着迷　outfit v. 装备、配备　imagery n．图像　keystone n．关键、基石　[熟词生义]army (常用义) n．军队 (文章义) n. 大批、大量 专题强化训练 B篇 [高频词]personality n．个性，品格　contrary to与……相反　capture v．捕捉；描绘　rate v．评估，划等级　in person亲自　touching adj.感人的　in short总之　resume n．简历　[障碍词]crafted adj.精心制作的　correlation n．关联　extroversion n．外向性　buffer n．缓冲器　[熟词生义]deal (常用义) n．交易 (文章义) n．一种固定的状况　profile (常用义) n．轮廓；简介 (文章义) n．个人资料 专题强化训练 C篇 [高频词]straightforward adj.简单的，坦率的　take to转向，开始工作　upcoming adj.即将来临的　[障碍词]draw a blank无结果，扑空　memoir n．回忆录，自传　get swept up沉浸于；被卷入　[熟词生义]source (常用义) n．来源 (文章义) v．(从某地)获得　voice (常用义) n．声音 (文章义) n．表达意见的人　feed (常用义) v．喂养 (文章义) v．加剧，助长　pour (常用义) v．倾倒 (文章义) v．(全神贯注地)阅读，仔细钻研 专题强化训练 外刊 [高频词]on the horizon即将发生，即将出现　release n．发布会　in the clear不受阻碍的；清晰的　depart v．启程，出发 overnight adj.夜间的，晚上的　kick off开始，启动　[障碍词]eclipse n．日食　totality n．全体，整个　cruise n．乘船游览　jump at 急于接受　occupancy n．住宿人数安排　[熟词生义]prime (常用义) adj.主要的，首要的 (文章义) adj.最佳的，最理想的　position (常用义) n．位置 (文章义) v．调整位置，使处于　accommodate (常用义) v．提供住宿 (文章义) v．容纳 专题强化训练 长难句 分析 [A篇]Keystone species such as elephants and sharks are watched closely because their behaviors affect so many aspects of the ecosystem that if they disappeared, it would struggle to adapt. [分析]　本句是主从复合句。because引导原因状语从句，其中含有that引导的结果状语从句，在该结果状语从句中包含if引导的条件状语从句。 [译文]　大象和鲨鱼等关键物种受到密切监测，因为它们的行为影响生态系统的诸多方面，以至于如果它们消失，生态系统将难以适应。 专题强化训练 长难句 分析 [B篇]While extroversion showed the highest correlation, the study suggests that “openness to new experience” is perhaps better conveyed online than in person. [分析]　本句是复合句。主句为“the study suggests that...”；While引导让步状语从句；主句中含有that引导的宾语从句。 [译文]　尽管外向性显示出最高的相关性，但研究表明，“对新体验的开放性”可能在网上比在面对面交流中更好地传达。 专题强化训练 长难句 分析 [C篇]We're constantly told there isn't a market for our books or cheated off by agents and publishers who say they already have something similar—when often the only similarity is that we're disabled women. [分析]　本句是复合句。动词told后跟省略连词that的宾语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰agents and publishers；破折号后的when在此处为副词，意为“而，然而”，表示对比；that引导的表语从句。 [译文]　我们不断被告知，我们的书籍没有市场，或者被经纪人和出版商欺骗，他们声称已经有类似的作品——而通常唯一的相似之处在于我们是残障女性。 专题强化训练 长难句 分析 [外刊]When you're at sea, there is a greater opportunity to witness an eclipse in the clear because the ship can attempt to position itself away from cloud cover—and the view on the horizon means you get more of the shadow coming in and going out. [分析]　本句是复合句。When引导时间状语从句；不定式“to witness...in the clear”作后置定语，修饰opportunity；because引导原因状语从句；“you get more of...”为省略连词that的宾语从句。 [译文]　你在海上时，有更多机会清晰地观测日食，因为船只可以尝试调整位置以避开云层覆盖——而且地平线的视野意味着你能看到更多日食阴影的完整变化过程(从初现到消退)。 专题强化训练 $