专题1 专题强化训练5 推理判断题——隐含推断题-【备考最优解】2026版高考二轮专题复习·英语（教用课件）

专题强化训练5　 推理判断题——隐含推断题 1 A (2025·浙江强基联盟三模)As I wandered out of my New York apartment, behind me someone called out, “Where can I find peaches？” I turned around to see a woman standing outside the greengrocer's. The absurdity (荒谬) of the moment struck me—why would someone want peaches in the middle of winter? It is just as absurd as sitting by the pool on a blistering summer day and reaching for a warm, woolly jumper. 专题强化训练 I was already aware of the issues facing the food system：industrial farming ruining soils, unclear supply chains leaving citizens powerless in making the right buying decisions, and the dominance of ultra-processed foods with zero nutritional value in supermarkets. But this encounter made me see how normalized it was to expect food out of season. After graduating, I worked at Wall Street in New York, managing portfolios (投资组合). Despite the breathtaking view and fast-paced stock market, I was troubled by the greed underlying my work. Cooking was my escape. It had always been a passion, whether in Buenos Aires, at university, or in New York. 专题强化训练 As I neared my 30s, I knew I needed a change and food became my north star. Through my work visiting markets and farmers around Europe, I saw first-hand why seasonality is critical in our ability to regain control of, and fix, our food system. All around me I could see how quickly flavour was disappearing from our plates. I wanted to reintroduce phenomenal flavour into people's lives, and to re-educate and reconnect consumers with nature. In 2004, I took over Natoora, a French-founded company with a small base in London, determined to reintroduce great flavour to people's lives and reconnect them with nature. 专题强化训练 My two-decade-long devotion to flavour, initially a pursuit of personal pleasure, has given my work a deep sense of purpose. Flavour can emotionally connect us to food and bring joy back into our relationship with it. Changing careers opened a new world for me, which was filled with purpose and love for my work, and I hope it inspires others to fight for a better food-centric world. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。因关注食品体系问题及热爱烹饪，作者从华尔街转行投身食品领域，致力于用风味让人们与自然重新联结。 专题强化训练 1．Why does the author mention the encounter with a woman? A．To illustrate an absurd shopping choice. B．To highlight a problem in the food system. C．To compare between peaches and jumpers. D．To show people's separation from farming. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But this encounter made me see how normalized it was to expect food out of season.”可知，作者提到与女士的相遇是为了突出食品体系中存在的问题，即人们对反季节食品习以为常。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 2．What does the author think of cooking? A．Healing.　　　　 B．Troublesome. C．Demanding. D．Instructive. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Despite the breathtaking view...Cooking was my escape.”可知，在工作带来烦恼时，烹饪能让作者逃离这种负面情绪，由此可推知，作者认为烹饪能治愈人心。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 3．What can we infer from paragraph 4? A．People will improve flavours on their tables soon. B．Consumers are not willing to get close to nature. C．Our food system is in need of our great attention. D．All the markets in Europe sell food out of season. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Through my work...and to re-educate and reconnect consumers with nature.”可推知，食品体系存在诸多问题，所以我们的食品体系需要高度关注。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the passage? A．Add a Unique Flavour to Your Career B．The Great Power of Seasonal Eating C．Approaches to Fixing the Food System D．From Wall Street to the World of Flavour 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述作者之前在华尔街工作，因对食品体系问题的关注和对烹饪的热爱，转行投身于与食物味道相关的事业，也就是“从华尔街走向了味道的世界”。所以D项最适合作文章标题。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 高中学力测评 历史 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 B (2025·青岛二模)For decades, scientists have debated whether protecting large, continuous habitats or fragmented (碎片化的) areas better addresses the biodiversity crisis. Recently, a new study in Nature has delivered a potentially decisive answer to the debate. “The heart of the debate，” explained lead author Thiago Gonçalves-Souza, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Michigan, “is that supporters of fragmentation compare it to puzzle pieces—arguing that if we assume disconnected habitats develop unique species compositions, the total biodiversity across the entire landscape could increase, like grouping distinct patterns together into a more complex whole.” 专题强化训练 To test whether that assumption holds up in practice, a group of 28 scientists, people in Europe, South and Central America and Australia, gathered data from 37 studies of biodiversity covering six continents and more than 4，000 species. That data enabled them to check the number and kinds of species found in large sections of land against the same measurements from a collection of smaller fragments from similar ecosystems nearby. 专题强化训练 On a broad landscape level, the scientists found that fragmented areas had, on average, 12% fewer species than continuous areas, with a shortage ranging from 10.7% to 18%. Even when accounting for differences in the amount of habitat, the shortage remained significant. This makes sense due to three key issues: disconnected areas prevent movement (e. g．， large animals disappear without connected hunting grounds), exposed edges attract invaders and climate damage, and small populations weaken due to reproduction among relatives. 专题强化训练 These findings suggest that fragmented areas have lower ecological value. But does it mean conservation efforts should abandon small fragments? “Not necessarily，” said Gonçalves-Souza. “In many countries, there aren't large, undamaged forests remaining. Therefore, our focus should be on planting new forests and recovering increasingly degraded habitats, which is crucial for the future, more so than debating whether it's better to have one large forest or many smaller fragments.” 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。科学家就保护大面积栖息地还是碎片化区域更能应对生物多样性危机展开研究并给出结论。 专题强化训练 5．What is the comparison of puzzle pieces in paragraph 2 used to show? A．To show how humans break apart nature. B．To show why fragmented habitats need protection. C．To show why species composition varies by habitat. D．To show how habitat differences increase total biodiversity. 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“arguing that if we assume disconnected habitats...together into a more complex whole”可推知，拼图碎片的比喻是为了展示栖息地差异如何增加总的生物多样性。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 6．What did the gathered data serve as? A．A method for risk assessment. B．A guide for resource distribution. C．The foundation for comparative analysis. D．The evidence for further assumptions. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“That data enabled them to check...from similar ecosystems nearby.”可知，收集的数据作为比较分析的基础。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 7．What can we learn about fragmentation in paragraph 4? A．It results in habitat connectivity. B．It weakens the growth of invasive species. C．It releases the potential of habitat recovery. D．It leads to a range of ecological disturbances. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“This makes sense due to three key issues...due to reproduction among relatives.”可知，碎片化会导致一系列的生态干扰。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 8．What does Gonçalves-Souza suggest in the last paragraph? A．Abandoning small fragments. B．Advancing nature restoration. C．Protecting existing large forests. D．Exploring fragmentation impacts. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Therefore, our focus should be on planting new forests and recovering increasingly degraded habitats”可推知，贡萨尔维斯-索萨在最后一段中建议推进自然恢复。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 C (2025·南京二模)This might sound impossibly old-fashioned, but I still like the idea that education is about learning: facts, skills, culture, analysis, and inspiration. It's supposed to make us better citizens. But over the last decade, the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees. The unfortunate result has been inflation (膨胀) of both. They rise ever higher; learning doesn't. 专题强化训练 To avoid discouraging students, some school districts did away with D and F grades. Grade-point averages have consistently risen even though scores on nationwide standardized exams such as the SAT have not. It's not that I think standardized tests are the final word in measuring excellence. But when the gaps between grades and test scores are so wide and consistent, parents and the public should not be fooled. 专题强化训练 That's true not just of low-achieving students. In a 2023 survey, educators said that close to half of students argue for higher grades than they earn, and 8 out of 10 teachers give in. It's hard to blame them: A third or more of students and parents disturb them when they don't. Unearned grades are damaging in many ways. Some students, armed with good grades, march off to college to find themselves in remedial (补习的) classes because they haven't learned enough to take college-level courses. Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce. There are also complaints from college professors that the students aren't even good at reading books. 专题强化训练 Grade inflation has followed students into college. Some professors hesitate to grade accurately because of student evaluations, which are often more negative for tough graders. Remember that about 70% of college instructors are adjunct (兼职) professors who have few job protections. Many Ivy League students have learned to cherry-pick easy-grading professors. Yet a Brown University study found that students taking courses from professors with stricter grading standards learned more. We have to ask ourselves as a society: Do we want college to be a place of intellectual growth—or a performative exercise in grade fishing? 专题强化训练 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了成绩膨胀的现象，指出现在教育中成绩和学位的目标取代了学习本身，成绩膨胀导致学生实际学习不足，不能满足雇主的需求，作者认为应该重视真正的学习，而不是单纯追求高分。 专题强化训练 9．What are parents fooled into thinking? A．SAT is the best measure of their children's abilities. B.The purpose of education is to make better citizens. C.Grade-point averages are vital for college application. D．Children's high grades reflect their exceptional abilities. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，学生的平均绩点持续上升，但全国标准化考试成绩却没有相应提高，当成绩和考试分数差距很大且持续存在时，父母和公众不应该被愚弄，即父母被误导认为孩子的高分反映了他们卓越的能力。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 10．What is a consequence of grade inflation? A．Employers favor students with higher degrees. B．Graduates fall short of employers' expectations. C.Remedial classes become required courses in college. D.Low-achieving students find it harder to enter college. 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce.”可知，成绩膨胀的后果是毕业生达不到雇主的期望。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 10 11 12 11．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Tough graders desire job security. B．Strict grading promotes real learning. C．Student evaluations fuel intellectual growth. D．Easy-grading professors start grade inflation. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Yet a Brown University study found...with stricter grading standards learned more.”可知，布朗大学的一项研究发现，从评分标准更严格的教授那里上课的学生学到的东西更多。由此可推知，严格的评分能促进真正的学习。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 11 10 12 12．What is the best title of the passage? A．The Game of Scores B．Today, Grade A is For Average C．The Force behind Grade Inflation D．Now, Learning Takes the Front Seat 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了成绩膨胀的现象，指出现在学生的成绩虚高，实际能力不足，很多学生和家长被高成绩所误导，给分宽松的现象普遍存在，而严格的评分能促进真正的学习。由此可知，B项适合作文章最佳标题。 √ 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 专题强化训练 9 12 10 11 A new study has found that squeezing in a few ultra-short micro-workouts may be just as good if not better than sustained exercise. The study published this week by the Royal Society was carried out by Dr Francesco Luciano of the University of Milan and compared long continuous walks to short intermittent walks. They had subjects walk on a treadmill (跑步机) and stair climber and found: “The time-averaged oxygen uptake and metabolic cost are greater for shorter than longer bouts，” in other words, there was more energy being used on the shorter bursts. 题源：https：//www.telegraph.co.uk/ 专题强化训练 The late and much missed broadcaster Dr Michael Mosley was a huge advocate of these small but frequent exercise breaks and, as we know, he was consistently driven by the latest research. The evidence for the benefits of short bursts of intense exercise is building all the time. On his Just One Thing Radio 4 series he said: “Doing exercise in short chunks really can help you burn more calories, lose more weight and help you improve your blood glucose and blood pressure to a greater degree than doing it in larger chunks. And it is really easy to fit into your life.” 专题强化训练 Lucie Cowan, a cycle master trainer at Third Space London, strongly supports the use of short workouts and highlights a whole raft(大量) improvements to both mind and body that can be experienced with very little disruption to your day. “A person might perform a quick set of squats (蹲), a few flights of stairs, or a short brisk walk between meetings or household chores. These mini-workouts still increase the heart rate, engage muscles, and burn calories, but they don't demand the same logistical planning as a longer workout.” 专题强化训练 We all, in reality, take pauses during the day. Instead of filling these with toast and biscuits, try a short exercise snack. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。新研究表明，短暂高频的微型锻炼在提升代谢和健康方面可能优于持续运动，适合融入日常生活。 专题强化训练 1．What does the underlined word “bouts” in paragraph 2 most likely mean? A．Breaks between meals. B．Periods of continuous activity. C．Types of exercise equipment. D．Physical injuries caused by overexertion. 解析：词义猜测题。画线词所在句的句意为：单位时间平均后，短bouts比长bouts的氧摄取量和代谢消耗量更高。结合上文：“They had subjects walk on a treadmill and stair climber and found”可知，研究对象是在跑步机和楼梯上进行锻炼，因此bouts指一段段的运动时间或活动阶段。 √ 4 2 3 1 专题强化训练 2．According to the study, what was found about shorter bouts of exercise compared to longer ones? A．They are less effective in burning calories. B．They require more time to complete. C.They have a higher time-averaged oxygen uptake and metabolic cost. D．They are only suitable for people with busy lifestyles. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The time-averaged oxygen uptake and metabolic cost are greater for shorter than longer bouts”可知，短时间活动的氧摄取量和代谢消耗量更高。 √ 4 2 3 1 专题强化训练 3．What can be inferred about Dr Michael Mosley from the passage? A．He was the lead researcher of the study. B．He supported the idea of short bursts of exercise according to scientific evidence. C．He believed that long workouts were better for health. D．He worked at Third Space London. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Dr Michael Mosley was a huge advocate...he was consistently driven by the latest research”可知，迈克尔·莫斯利支持短时间运动这种锻炼方式，并且是基于最新研究的。 √ 4 2 3 1 专题强化训练 4．What does Lucie Cowan suggest about mini-workouts? A．They should replace all forms of traditional exercise. B．They are only beneficial for physical health. C．They can easily be integrated into daily routines. D．They are more popular among young people. 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段卢西·科万的话可知，微型锻炼易于融入日常生活。 √ 4 2 3 1 专题强化训练 A篇 [高频词]call out呼喊　absurd adj.荒唐的　reach for伸手拿　encounter n．遇见，遭遇　breathtaking adj.激动人心的；惊人的 fast-paced adj.快速的　passion n．激情，热情　critical adj.重要的；挑剔的　pursuit n．追求，寻求　[障碍词]greengrocer's n．蔬菜水果店　blistering adj.酷热的　a woolly jumper套头毛衣　underlie v．潜藏于……之下　seasonality n．季节性　phenomenal adj.了不起的，非凡的　[熟词生义]near (常用义) adj.附近的 (文章义) v．靠近，接近 专题强化训练 B篇 [高频词]debate v．争论，辩论　habitat n．栖息地　potentially adv.可能地，潜在地　hold up(论点、理论等)站得住脚　in practice实际上　on average平均　shortage n．短缺　make sense有意义，讲得通　abandon v．抛弃，舍弃　[障碍词]invader n．入侵者　[熟词生义]address (常用义) n．地址 (文章义) v．解决　group (常用义) n．小组 (文章义) v．将……分组 专题强化训练 C篇 [高频词]inspiration n．灵感　give way to让步，被……取代　discourage v．使人沮丧，使灰心　do away with 废除，取消　consistently adv.一致地，始终　argue for赞成，支持　[障碍词]old-fashioned adj.陈旧的，过时的　excellence n．优秀，杰出　intellectual adj.智力的，脑力的　[熟词生义]arm (常用义) n．胳膊 (文章义) v．装备　grade (常用义) n．年级 (文章义) v．给……评分 专题强化训练 长难句分析 [A篇]Through my work visiting markets and farmers around Europe, I saw first-hand why seasonality is critical in our ability to regain control of, and fix, our food system. [分析]　本句是复合句。Through my work visiting...是介词短语作方式状语，其中 visiting markets and farmers around Europe 是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰work，说明工作的具体内容；主句中含有why 引导的宾语从句。 [译文]　通过走访欧洲各地的市场和农户，我亲眼看到了为何季节性对于我们重新掌控并修复食品体系的能力至关重要。 专题强化训练 长难句分析 [B篇]Therefore, our focus should be on planting new forests and recovering increasingly degraded habitats, which is crucial for the future, more so than debating whether it's better to have one large forest or many smaller fragments. [分析]　本句是复合句。主句中planting...and recovering...为动名词短语作宾语；过去分词短语increasingly degraded修饰 habitats；which引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词为前面的主句，从句中含有whether引导的宾语从句。 [译文]　因此，我们的重点应放在种植新森林和恢复日益退化的栖息地上，这对未来至关重要，远比争论 “拥有一片大森林还是许多小森林碎片更好” 更有意义。 专题强化训练 长难句分析 [C篇]Some students, armed with good grades, march off to college to find themselves in remedial classes because they haven't learned enough to take college-level courses. [分析]　本句是复合句。armed with good grades是过去分词短语作定语，修饰Some students；to find themselves in remedial classes为不定式短语作结果状语；because引导原因状语从句，其中不定式短语to take college-level courses作目的状语。 [译文]　一些学生，尽管成绩优异，但进入大学后却发现自己需要上补习班，因为他们还没有学到足够的知识来应对大学水平的课程。 专题强化训练 长难句分析 [C篇]Some students, armed with good grades, march off to college to find themselves in remedial classes because they haven't learned enough to take college-level courses. [分析]　本句是复合句。armed with good grades是过去分词短语作定语，修饰Some students；to find themselves in remedial classes为不定式短语作结果状语；because引导原因状语从句，其中不定式短语to take college-level courses作目的状语。 [译文]　一些学生，尽管成绩优异，但进入大学后却发现自己需要上补习班，因为他们还没有学到足够的知识来应对大学水平的课程。 专题强化训练 长难句分析 [外刊]Lucie Cowan, a cycle master trainer at Third Space London, strongly supports the use of short workouts and highlights a whole raft improvements to both mind and body that can be experienced with very little disruption to your day. [分析]　本句是复合句。a cycle master trainer at Third Space London作Lucie Cowan的同位语；that引导定语从句，修饰improvements。 [译文]　卢西·科万是伦敦第三空间的一位资深单车教练，她非常支持进行短暂锻炼，并强调这种锻炼方式能给身心带来诸多益处，而且几乎不会影响日常生活的节奏。 专题强化训练 $