专题1 微专题1 第5类 社会现象类-【备考最优解】2026版高考二轮专题复习·英语（教用课件）

第五类　社会现象类 1 社会现象类说明文行文逻辑与命题点 介绍现象 分析原因 总结现象 [命题点] 开篇方式(事件引入/直接陈述)、进一步说明(举例子/列数字……) [命题点] 分析现象产生的具体原因 [命题点] 总结现象产生的原因及各方的态度、总结未来发展趋势、给出解决方案 返回导航 二轮专题复习 品真题 通技法 1 1 鲜素材 微考场 2 内 容 索 引 品真题 通技法 01 4 (2024·全国甲卷C篇)The Saint Lukas train doesn't accept passengers—it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions. “People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning，” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions (区域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 Russia's public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits. Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train's equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned，” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.” 返回导航 二轮专题复习 28．How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains? A．It runs across countries. B．It reserves seats for the seniors. C．It functions as a hospital. D．It travels along a river. 解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Saint Lukas is one of five...and prescriptions.”可知，该列车的作用相当于一个医院。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 29．What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk? A．It is heavily populated. B．It offers training for doctors. C．It is a modern city. D．It needs medical aid. 解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推知，该地区是俄罗斯一个贫穷的、医疗条件差的偏远乡村，需要医疗援助。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 30．How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply? A．About a year.　　　　　　 B．About ten months. C．About two months. D．About two weeks. 解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For 10 months...over two weeks...and restock.”可知，该列车一次补给可以工作两周左右。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 31．What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services? A．Appreciative. B．Doubtful. C．Ambiguous. D．Cautious. 解析： 观点态度题。根据最后一段中杜克的话可知，他对该列车服务的态度是赞赏的。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 返回导航 二轮专题复习 鲜素材 微考场 02 13 (2025·南通一模)When I challenged myself to travel by low-carbon routes during the writing of my book, I experienced the best and worst of our transit network. When public transport works, it really works. I found traveling by train and bike empowering． But even in this time of climate emergency, public transport still remains an unpopular choice. It doesn't take many strikes, cancellation, missed connections and rising ticket prices to avoid it altogether. When the average British person already spends around ￡3，500 a year on car costs, it's no wonder we prefer the driver's seat. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 Yet, there are many reasons why we should be using public transport more, with one being the bonus to the environment they bring. Recent research shows that UK trains have higher carbon savings than previously thought. For my Scottish journey, had I traveled a similar route from London to Edinburgh by car, my journey's emissions would supposedly have increased 10-fold. E-bike rental schemes have also increased across the UK, and so has cycling in general, but this mode of transport isn't always planned for. All over the country, dedicated (专用的) bike lanes are way too rare. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 All of this has revealed to me that while the UK's transport infrastructure (基础设施) is poor, its potential is significant. We know how effective electrified rail routes can be in decarbonization, but in 2021-2022 little more than a mile of such track was upgraded across Britain. Centrally funded investment could change things. The rest of Europe seems to recognize this. If I were in Austria, I could travel across Vienna by public transport for 1 a day. In Germany, I could organize a monthly 49 direct debit for all-inclusive regional public transport. Closer to home, Brighton and Hove have the most popular bus network outside London. 返回导航 二轮专题复习 We must demand a nationalized low-carbon network. A standardized, centrally funded, consistently supported ecosystem of public transport across the UK could truly change our carbon game. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国公共交通的现状、问题以及改进的可能性，并呼吁建立国家化的低碳公共交通网络。 返回导航 二轮专题复习 1．What does the underlined word “empowering” in paragraph 1 most probably mean? A．Sparking debate. B．Causing confusion. C．Giving strength or confidence. D．Leading to complaints and protests. 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可推知，作者认为乘坐火车和自行车旅行是积极正面的经历，C项符合语境。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 2．What is the problem with implementing e-bike rental schemes? A．High rental fees. B．Potential safety problems. C．Lack of public interest. D．Insufficient infrastructure. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“All over the country, dedicated bike lanes are way too rare.”及第五段中的“All of this...infrastructure is poor”可知，实施电动自行车租赁计划存在的问题是基础设施不足。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 3．Why does the author mention Austria and Germany? A．To compare the costs of public transport. B．To predict the challenges of UK's public transport. C．To contrast with the state of UK's public transportation. D．To illustrate the popularity of public transport in Europe. 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者提到奥地利和德国是为了与英国公共交通的状况形成对比。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Transforming Carbon Game: The Eco-Boost on Rails B．Revolutionizing UK Transport: The Green Ride Ahead C．Empowering Global Traveling: A Long March on Land D．Revolutionizing UK City Life: The Tech Leap on Tracks 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了英国公共交通的现状、问题以及改进的可能性，并呼吁建立国家化的低碳公共交通网络。B项可作本文最佳标题。 √ 返回导航 二轮专题复习 典例 [高频词]sponsor v．赞助，主办　on board在车(船、飞机)上　queue v．排队　make an appointment预约　come up with提出　motivate v. 激励　regional adj.地区的　focused adj.关注的　concerned adj.关心的　[障碍词]prescription n．处方，药方　modernization n．现代化　refuel v．补充燃料，加油　allow for允许；考虑　checkup n．检查　[熟词生义]practice (常用义) v. 练习 (文章义) v．行医，从事医疗工作 返回导航 二轮专题复习 模拟 [高频词]strike n．罢工　cancellation n．取消，作废　electrified adj.电气化的　[障碍词]transit n．交通运输系统，运输　supposedly adv.可能，据说，据传　lane n．车道　debit n．扣款　[熟词生义]fold (常用义) v．折叠 (文章义)n.倍数 game (常用义) n．游戏 (文章义) n．局面，状况 返回导航 二轮专题复习 长难句分析 [典例]The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. [分析]　本句是简单句。主干结构：The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem；地点限定：particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River；措施举例：including arranging...and expanding...；不定式短语“to come up with measures”作宾语；动词不定式“to address the problem”作目的状语；to motivate doctors...like Krasnoyarsk作目的状语。 返回导航 二轮专题复习 长难句分析 [译文]　政府长期致力于制定措施来解决这个问题，尤其聚焦伏尔加河以东较贫困的农村地区，包括安排视频问诊预约服务及扩大财政补助计划，以鼓励医生前往像克拉斯诺亚尔斯克这类偏远地区行医。 [模拟]Yet, there are many reasons why we should be using public transport more, with one being the bonus to the environment they bring. [分析]　本句是复合句。“why we should be using...more”是why引导的定语从句，修饰reasons；“with one...they bring”为with复合结构，表示原因或伴随，其中含有定语从句they bring，修饰the bonus。 [译文]　然而，我们应该更多地使用公共交通，这有很多原因，其中之一就是它给环境带来的额外好处。 返回导航 二轮专题复习 $