Unit 1 Past and present 单元核心素养培优卷-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语译林版

2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元核心素养培优卷译林版（新教材） Unit 1 Past and present 满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。 2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。 3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。 4．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。 一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分） 1．My father ________ to work by bike every day, but he ________ by car yesterday because his bike is broken. A．goes; went B．goes; is going C．has gone; goes D．went; goes 2．No matter ________ you go in Suzhou gardens, you can always find a beautiful view. A．what B．where C．when D．how 3．The roads in the village were muddy in the past, but now they are much ________. A．wide B．wider C．widest D．the widest 4．My grandma ________ in the countryside since she was young. She doesn’t want to move to the city. A．lives B．lived C．has lived D．will live 5．—Is Tom at home? —No, he ________ to Nanjing on business. He won’t return until next week. A．has been B．has gone C．goes D．went 6．Luoyang is famous ________ its peonies, which attract thousands of tourists every spring. A．for B．as C．in D．with 7．—________ you ________ any changes in your hometown recently? —Yes. The streets are much cleaner and wider now. A．Did; notice B．Have; noticed C．Do; notice D．Will; notice 8．Nanjing is one of ________ ancient capitals of China. A．the B．a C．an D．/ 9．—How long have you ________ this book? —For two weeks. I ________ it from the library last month. A．kept; borrowed B．borrowed; kept C．kept; kept D．borrowed; borrowed 10．—Have you ________ been to the Palace Museum? —No, I have ________ been there. But I plan to visit it this summer. A．ever; never B．never; ever C．already; yet D．yet; already 二、完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分） Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the past 40 years. In the past, people lived in small, old houses. Many years ago, we had to get around 11 bicycle or on foot. There were only a few buses, and they were always 12 . Now most people live in modern flats, and the streets are clean and 13 . It is common to take a bus, a taxi or the underground. Most families have got their own cars. Back then, some young people went to college and had to 14 jobs in big cities. Today, many college students 15 and do all kinds of jobs here. They bring knowledge and skills to help the local people. Thanks to the Beautiful Countryside Programme, living 16 have improved a lot. The village used to be quiet with few visitors. Now great changes have taken place. The roads are 17 than before, and there are green trees everywhere. Lots of tourists visit the village every year. They enjoy the fresh air and the 18 scenery. Tourism has helped 19 the village a lot. My grandpa says he 20 in the village since he was born. He has 21 seen such great changes in his life. “I used to 22 a hard life, but now we are living a happy life,” he says. “The government’s support and the hard work of the villagers are the 23 to our success.” I am proud of my hometown. I hope it will become more and more beautiful. No matter 24 I go in the future, I will always love my hometown. I am going to 25 more about it and tell the world about its amazing changes. 11．A．by B．on C．in D．with 12．A．convenient B．crowded C．comfortable D．clean 13．A．muddy B．wide C．narrow D．old 14．A．look for B．look at C．look after D．look up 15．A．leave B．return C．go D．travel 16．A．conditions B．places C．people D．things 17．A．wide B．wider C．widest D．the widest 18．A．modern B．natural C．noisy D．busy 19．A．develop B．change C．support D．grow 20．A．lives B．lived C．has lived D．will live 21．A．never B．ever C．already D．yet 22．A．make B．have C．do D．take 23．A．way B．key C．reason D．answer 24．A．what B．where C．when D．how 25．A．learn B．explore C．know D．find 三、阅读理解（共两节, 20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分） 第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A Changes in Starlight Village Starlight Village has changed a lot in recent years. When you walk into the village now, you can see wide, clean roads, rows of new houses, tall trees and beautiful flowers. People here live a comfortable life. But 40 years ago, it was quite different. The roads were narrow and muddy. Rubbish was often seen lying in the streets. Most houses were old and broken. Farmers worked hard but lived a poor life. Li Ling, a local villager, said, “Thanks to the government’s support, our village has changed greatly. The roads are better, and we have built new houses. Many families have bought cars. Some farmers even run guest houses for tourists. Now we feel hopeful about the future.” Tourism has become an important industry in Starlight Village. Every year, thousands of tourists visit here. They enjoy the fresh air and beautiful scenery. The villagers are happy about the changes and are working hard to make the village more beautiful. 26．What can you see in Starlight Village now? A．Narrow and muddy roads. B．Old and broken houses. C．Wide and clean roads. D．Rubbish in the streets. 27．How was Starlight Village 40 years ago? A．People lived a comfortable life. B．Roads were wide and clean. C．Farmers lived a poor life. D．There were many guest houses. 28．Who helped Starlight Village change a lot? A．The tourists. B．The government. C．The tech giants. D．The young people who left the village. 29．What has become an important industry in Starlight Village? A．Fishing. B．Farming. C．Tourism. D．Technology. 30．How do the villagers feel about the changes? A．Hopeful and happy. B．Sad and worried. C．Angry and disappointed. D．Surprised and scared. B Mr Wang is a 65-year-old citizen in our city. He has lived here all his life and has seen the great changes with his own eyes. When he was young, he used to live in a small old house. The streets were narrow and the roads were muddy on rainy days. He had to walk to work every day because public transport was very poor at that time. There were no tall buildings or big companies. Most people made a living by farming or simple small jobs. Life was hard and not very convenient. Now Mr Wang lives in a big, comfortable flat. The streets are wide and clean. Greenways are built for people to walk and relax. He can take the underground or a bus to go anywhere quickly and easily. Many hi-tech companies have come to our city. They lead the development of the industry and bring a wealth of creativity. Our city has become a key area for innovation and reform. Mr Wang is very happy and hopeful about these great changes. He often says that his life is much better than before. He feels lucky to enjoy the convenient and colourful life today. 31．How old is Mr Wang? A．55. B．60. C．65. D．70. 32．Where has Mr Wang lived all his life? A．In a big city. B．In the countryside. C．In the writer’s city. D．In a foreign country. 33．What did Mr Wang do when he was young? A．He walked to work. B．He took the underground. C．He worked in a hi-tech company. D．He lived in a big flat. 34．What do the hi-tech companies do? A．They make people live in small houses. B．They lead the development of the industry. C．They make public transport worse. D．They stop the innovation. 35．How does Mr Wang feel about the changes? A．Unhappy. B．Hopeful. C．Tired. D．Worried. C The Rise of Shenzhen In about 40 years, Shenzhen has developed from a small fishing village to a top high-tech city. As a pioneer in China’s reform and opening up, Shenzhen has attracted workers from all over the world. Innovation is at the heart of the city. It has become an important centre for technology industries and is home to many tech giants. Shenzhen is also trying to be a cultural centre. It has a wealth of cultural facilities, including libraries, museums and theatres. It has won an award from UNESCO for encouraging public reading. To improve citizens’ quality of life, Shenzhen has built over 1,000 parks and more than 3,000 kilometres of greenways. It is the first city in the world to use green energy for almost all its buses and taxis. This makes the environment cleaner and quieter. Since the late 1970s, Shenzhen’s development speed has been amazing. Its pioneering spirit and citizens’ hard work are the key to its success. 36．What was Shenzhen like about 40 years ago? A．A high-tech city. B．A small fishing village. C．A cultural centre. D．A tourist city. 37．Why has Shenzhen attracted workers from across the world? A．Because it has many parks. B．Because it has green energy buses. C．Because it is a pioneer in reform and opening up. D．Because it has many cultural facilities. 38．What award did Shenzhen win from UNESCO? A．An award for technology innovation. B．An award for green energy use. C．An award for encouraging public reading. D．An award for building parks. 39．How many parks has Shenzhen built? A．Over 1,000. B．Over 3,000. C．About 40. D．About 17. 40．What is the key to Shenzhen’s success? A．Its many tech giants. B．Its cultural facilities. C．Its pioneering spirit and citizens’ hard work. D．Its convenient transport. 第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有两项是多余选项。 Our country has developed very quickly in recent years. People’s lives have changed greatly between the past and the present. 41 Great changes have also taken place in the way we get information. Many years ago, people only used simple ways to know the world. 42 They had few ways to learn about news or other places far away. It was not easy for them to know what was happening around the world. Now, people can use computers and mobile phones everywhere. 43 They can talk with friends and family far away quickly. They can also learn new knowledge, watch interesting videos and enjoy colourful online activities every day. Transportation changes a lot too. In the past, people usually walked or rode bikes when going out. 44 It was not convenient for people to travel or work in other cities. Now high-speed trains, planes and cars make trips fast and easy. People can travel to different amazing places in China and enjoy the beauty of our country. 45 We are so proud of our great and amazing China. A．They can get all kinds of information quickly. B．Great changes are around us every day. C．Most people listened to the radio or read newspapers. D．It took a long time to go to faraway places. E．People had no money to use phones. F．Life is becoming better and better. G．They often went out to see beautiful places. 四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 阅读短文，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。 Dear Peter, How’s everything going? I’m in Shenzhen, China right now. Although I have learnt something about China before, it is my 46 (one) time here. What I have experienced changed my opinion about this country. One morning, I 47 (plan) to go to a park by underground. When I walked into the station, I was surprised 48 (find) it was so clean and modern. When I got to the park, I saw many people doing tai chi, jogging and dancing 49 (happy). Everyone was enjoying 50 (them). At noon, I felt tired and hungry. Some useful apps made it convenient 51 me to live here. So I ordered food online. You know what? It was a drone that delivered my lunch! High technology has already 52 (be) a part of Chinese daily life. In the afternoon, I rode 53 shared electric scooter (共享电动车) around the city and wanted to choose some gifts. However, when I was going to pay, I found I had left my bag on the scooter. 54 I went back to look for it at once. It was still there! That’s amazing! Believe me, there is no place safer and 55 (convenient) than China. It is the best choice for your next trip. Yours, Tom 五、选词填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 when  good  with  hundred  lot  look  see  train  by  grow I was born in Heze, a city 56 a long history in Shandong. Today, I’m just 14 years old, however, I have 57 great changes in Heze. 58 I was young, my grandmother liked to take me out and go around the city. Though I couldn’t speak 59 , I knew it wasn’t a busy city. There were many small buildings, not tall buildings. At about four, I began to learn things 60 watching TV and reading books or magazines. One day, I saw a long and big car called “ 61 ” on TV. So I said to my grandma, “Grandma, grandma. This thing 62 so strange and it’s called ‘train’. Why haven’t I seen it here? You must be too careless to take me to see it, right?” “Oh, no! My child,” said my grandma, “That’s not my fault. In fact, there isn’t any train here. Our city doesn’t have good transportation.” Ten years later, I’m not 4 years old anymore. I have 63 into a teenager. Now, the city has really changed a 64 . And she is still growing quickly. 65 of tall buildings stand up on the ground, the whole city is covered with green plants, the railway station makes the city smaller, and the trains are running so fast. 六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分） 阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。每题答案不超过10个单词。 People always have strong feelings about their old days. Grandma Li is a 72-year-old woman who has experienced great changes in her life. When she was young, she lived in a small and quiet village far away from the city. At that time, life was not easy for most people. They lived in small and old houses. There were no tall buildings, big supermarkets or modern hospitals. Children had to walk a long way to school every day. Most people worked hard on farms day after day. They grew rice and vegetables to support their families. Few people could travel to other places because transport was very poor. Now life has become much better. Grandma Li lives in a comfortable building in the city. She can take buses or the underground when she goes out. There are many shops, parks and modern services around her home. In her free time, she likes walking in the park, talking with friends and watching TV. Grandma Li often says that life is much more convenient and happier than before. She feels very lucky and satisfied to enjoy such a good life today. 66．How old is Grandma Li? 67．Where did Grandma Li live when she was young? 68．How did children go to school in the past? 69．Why could few people travel to other places? 70．How does Grandma Li feel about her life now? 七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分25分） 71．假如你是 Peter，近几年你的家乡发生了巨大变化。请根据以下要点提示，写一篇80词左右的英语短文，介绍家乡的变化并简单表达自己的感受。 要点提示： 1. 环境：更干净，绿化变多； 2. 交通：出行更方便，有地铁、高铁等； 3. 生活：人们的生活更舒适、更多彩； 4. 你的感受。 要求： 1. 包含所有要点，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范； 3. 词数80词左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页，共3页 第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案及试题解析 1．A 【详解】句意：我爸爸每天骑自行车去上班，但因为他的自行车坏了，昨天他开车去的。 考查动词时态。goes一般现在时的三单形式；went一般过去时；has gone去了某地（且尚未返回）；is going现在进行时。根据“My father...every day”可知第一空描述每天的习惯，用一般现在时（goes）；根据“but he...by car yesterday because his bike is broken.”可知第二空强调昨天开车去上班，用一般过去时。故选A。 2．B 【详解】句意：在苏州园林里，无论你走到哪里，你总能发现美丽的景色。 what什么；where哪里；when什么时候；how如何。句子里有动词go，表示去“某个地方”，应填where。 3．B 【详解】句意：过去村里的道路很泥泞，但现在它们宽多了。 wide宽的；wider更宽的，比较级；widest最宽的，最高级。much后接形容词比较级，表示程度。 4．C 【详解】句意：我奶奶自从年轻时就一直住在乡下。她不想搬到城市去。 根据“since she was young”可知，动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，应用现在完成时，结构是have/has done。 5．B 【详解】句意：——汤姆在家吗？——不，他去南京出差了。他要到下周才回来。 has been去过（已回来）；has gone去了（还没回来）；goes去（一般现在时）；went去了（一般过去时）。根据“He won’t return until next week.”可知，汤姆还没有回来，表示“去了某地还未回来”，应用has gone。 6．A 【详解】句意：洛阳因其牡丹而闻名，每年春天吸引成千上万的游客。 for为了，be famous for因……而闻名；as作为，be famous as作为……而闻名；in在……里；with和……一起。根据“Luoyang is famous... its peonies”可知，洛阳是因牡丹这一特色而闻名，应用be famous for。 7．B 【详解】句意：——你最近注意到你家乡的任何变化了吗？——是的。街道现在更干净更宽了。 “recently”提示时态是现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。结构为have/has+过去分词，应填Have；noticed。 8．A 【详解】句意：南京是中国古都之一。 the定冠词，表特指；a一个，不定冠词表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，不定冠词表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；/零冠词。“one of the+复数名词”意为“……之一”，固定结构。 9．A 【详解】句意：——这本书你借了多久了？——两个星期。我上个月从图书馆借的。 kept保存/借着；borrowed借。根据“How long have you...this book?”可知，how long表示一段时间，谓语动词要用延续性动词，borrow为非延续性动词，应换为kept；再根据“last month”可知，第二空应用一般过去时borrowed。应填kept；borrowed。 10．A 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过故宫博物院吗？——不，我从没去过那里。但我计划今年夏天去参观。 ever曾经；never从不；already已经；yet还 (未)。have been to表示“曾经去过某地”，应搭配ever；答语由No可知是否定句，表示“从不”应用never。应填ever; never。 11．A 12．B 13．B 14．A 15．B 16．A 17．B 18．B 19．A 20．C 21．A 22．B 23．B 24．B 25．A 【导语】本文讲述了作者家乡40年来的巨大变化，从居住、交通、就业到生活环境等方面，展现了乡村发展与人民生活水平的提升。 11．句意：很多年前，我们不得不骑自行车或步行出行。 根据上下文，这里表示 “乘坐某种交通工具” 时，固定搭配为by+交通工具，by bicycle 意为 “骑自行车”，与 on foot 并列，符合语境。on/in/with 均不满足此搭配逻辑。 12．句意：过去只有几辆公交车，而且总是很拥挤。 根据上下文，过去公交车数量稀少，因此车内会是 “拥挤的” 状态，crowded符合语境。convenient（方便的）、comfortable（舒适的）、clean（干净的）均与过去交通不便的背景不符。 13．句意： 现在大多数人住在现代化公寓里，街道干净又宽阔。 空前为“and”，连接并列的形容词，与clean共同描述现在的街道，wide（宽阔的）符合乡村发展后道路改善的现状。muddy（泥泞的）、narrow（狭窄的）、old（老旧的）均为过去的负面特征，与现在的变化相悖。 14．句意：那时候，一些年轻人上大学后不得不在大城市找工作。 根据上下文，年轻人上大学后不得不在大城市找工作。look for jobs是固定搭配，意为 “找工作”，符合过去年轻人外出求职的语境。look at（看）、look after（照顾）、look up（查阅）均与 “求职” 的含义无关。 15．句意：如今，许多大学生回到家乡，从事各种各样的工作。 根据上下文，此处与过去 “去大城市找工作” 形成对比，return（返回）体现了现在大学生回到家乡就业的变化，符合上下文逻辑。leave（离开）、go（去）、travel（旅行）均与 “返乡” 的含义相反。 16．句意：多亏了 “美丽乡村” 计划，生活条件改善了很多。 根据上下文，“美丽乡村” 计划改善了生活条件。living conditions是固定搭配，意为 “生活条件”，符合 “改善” 的描述对象。places（地方）、people（人们）、things（事物）均无法与living构成表达 “生活水平” 的固定短语。 17．句意：道路比以前更宽了，到处都是绿树。 空后为“than before”，是比较级的标志，需要使用形容词的比较级形式，wider是wide 的比较级，符合语法要求。wide（原级）、widest（最高级）、the widest（带定冠词的最高级）均不满足比较级结构。 18．句意：他们喜欢清新的空气和自然的风景。 根据上下文，乡村的风景是 “自然的”，natural符合语境。modern（现代的）、noisy（嘈杂的）、busy（繁忙的）均与乡村宁静清新的特点不符。 19．句意：旅游业极大地帮助了村庄的发展。 根据上下文，旅游业对乡村的发展起到了积极作用。develop the village 意为 “发展村庄”，符合语境。change（改变）、support（支持）、grow（生长）虽有积极含义，但 develop更侧重 “推动发展” 的完整语义。 20．句意：我爷爷说他从出生起就住在这个村子里。 句子末尾时间状语“since he was born ”是现在完成时的时间标志，现在完成时结构为have/has+过去分词，主语he搭配has lived。lives（一般现在时）、lived（一般过去时）、will live（一般将来时）均不符合时态要求。 21．句意：他一生中从未见过如此巨大的变化。 根据上下文，这里是强调爷爷在漫长人生中第一次见到这样的变化，never意为 “从未”，符合语境。ever（曾经）、already（已经）、yet（还/仍）均无法表达 “从未经历” 的强调语气。 22．句意：“我过去过着艰苦的生活，但现在我们过着幸福的生活。” 他说。 根据上下文，爷爷过去过着艰苦的生活，现在过着幸福的生活。have a hard life是固定搭配，意为 “过着艰苦的生活”，符合语境。make/do/take 均无法与a hard life构成正确搭配。 23．句意：政府的支持和村民的辛勤劳动是我们成功的关键。 根据上下文，这里想表达成功的关键是政府的支持和村民的辛勤劳动。the key to success是固定搭配，意为 “成功的关键”，符合语境。way（方式）、reason（原因）、answer（答案）均不如key贴合 “关键” 的含义。 24．句意：无论我将来去哪里，我都会永远爱我的家乡。 空后为“I go in the future”，表达的是无论去往何地。no matter where引导让步状语从句，意为 “无论哪里”，符合语境。what（什么）、when（何时）、how（如何）均与 “地点” 无关。 25．句意：我要更多地了解它，向世界讲述它惊人的变化。 根据上下文，作者想要深入了解家乡并向世界宣传。learn more about...是固定搭配，意为 “更多地了解……”，符合作者意图。explore（探索）、know（知道）、find（找到）均不如learn贴合 “主动了解、学习” 的语义。 26．C 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了星光村近年来的变化，包括现在村里的景象、40年前的状况、改变的助力者、重要产业以及村民对变化的感受。 26．第一段“When you walk into the village now, you can see wide, clean roads, rows of new houses, tall trees and beautiful flowers”，说明现在在星光村能看到宽阔干净的道路。 27．第二段“But 40 years ago, it was quite different. The roads were narrow and muddy...Farmers worked hard but lived a poor life”，表明40年前星光村农民生活贫困。 28．第三段“Thanks to the government’s support, our village has changed greatly”，说明是政府的支持让星光村发生了很大变化。 29．第四段“Tourism has become an important industry in Starlight Village”，说明旅游业已成为星光村的重要产业。 30．第三段“Now we feel hopeful about the future”以及最后一段“The villagers are happy about the changes”，说明村民对变化感到充满希望且开心。 31．C 32．C 33．A 34．B 35．B 【导语】本文讲述了65岁的王先生见证了自己所在城市从过去落后不便到如今现代便捷的巨大变迁，并对现在的生活感到幸福和充满希望。 31．第一段指出：“Mr Wang is a 65-year-old citizen in our city.”，明确说明王先生65岁。 32．第一段指出：“He has lived here all his life”，结合前文“in our city”可知他一直住在作者所在的城市。 33．第二段指出：“He had to walk to work every day because public transport was very poor at that time.”，明确说明他年轻时步行上班。 34．第三段指出：“They lead the development of the industry and bring a wealth of creativity.”，明确说明高科技公司引领产业发展。 35．第四段指出：“Mr Wang is very happy and hopeful about these great changes.”，明确说明他对这些变化感到高兴和有希望。 36．B 37．C 38．C 39．A 40．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了深圳在改革开放40多年间的飞速发展，包括科技创新、文化建设、绿色环保等方面，并分析了其成功的原因。 36．第一段第一句明确指出：“In about 40 years, Shenzhen has developed from a small fishing village to a top high-tech city.”，因此40年前深圳是一个小渔村。 37．第一段提到：“As a pioneer in China’s reform and opening up, Shenzhen has attracted workers from all over the world.”，因此深圳吸引全球工人的原因是它是改革开放的先锋。 38．第二段最后一句提到：“It has won an award from UNESCO for encouraging public reading.”，因此深圳获得的联合国教科文组织奖项是“鼓励公众阅读奖”。 39．第三段第一句提到：“Shenzhen has built over 1,000 parks and more than 3,000 kilometres of greenways.”，因此深圳已建成超过1000座公园。 40．最后一段最后一句明确指出：“Its pioneering spirit and citizens’ hard work are the key to its success.”，因此深圳成功的关键是它的开拓精神和市民的辛勤劳动。 41．B 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．F 【导语】本文介绍了我国近年来在信息获取方式和交通出行方面发生的巨大变化，表达了人们对国家发展的自豪之情。 41．前文提到“人们的生活在过去和现在之间发生了巨大变化”，后文具体从信息获取和交通两方面展开，此处需要一个总起句。B项“Great changes are around us every day.”承接上文，并引出下文的具体变化。 42．本段讲过去获取信息的方式，前文提到“人们只用简单的方式了解世界”，后文提到“他们了解新闻或远方其他地方的方式很少”，此处应具体说明过去的信息渠道。C项“Most people listened to the radio or read newspapers.”列举了过去的常见方式，与后文形成逻辑衔接。 43．本段讲现在获取信息的方式，前文提到“现在人们随处可以使用电脑和手机”，此处应说明使用这些工具能做什么。A项“They can get all kinds of information quickly.”与后文“和朋友家人通话、学习知识、看视频”并列，都是现代信息技术的便利。 44．本段讲交通的变化，前文提到“过去人们外出通常步行或骑自行车”，后文提到“去其他城市工作或旅行不方便”，此处应解释为什么不方便。D项“It took a long time to go to faraway places.”说明了步行或骑车去远处耗时久，符合逻辑。 45．前文介绍了现代交通的便利，后文表达对祖国的自豪之情，此处需要一个总结句。F项“Life is becoming better and better.”概括了前文所述生活的改善，并引出结尾的自豪感。 46．first 47．planned 48．to find 49．happily 50．themselves 51．for 52．been 53．a 54．So/Then 55．more convenient 【导语】本文通过讲述作者在中国深圳的旅行经历，展现了中国在城市环境、科技应用和社会安全等方面的发展，表达了对中国的高度认可与推荐。 46．句意：虽然我之前了解过一些关于中国的事情，但这是我第一次来这里。  表示 “第几次” 时，基数词one要变为序数词first，固定搭配为it is one’s first time (to do sth.)。 47．句意：一天早上，我计划乘地铁去公园。故事发生在过去，描述过去发生的动作要用一般过去时，plan的过去式为 planned（双写末尾辅音字母再加 -ed）。 48．句意：当我走进地铁站时，我惊讶地发现它非常干净和现代化。固定搭配be surprised to do sth. 表示 “惊讶地做某事”，因此用不定式to find。 49．句意：到了公园后，我看到很多人在打太极、慢跑和快乐地跳舞。 修饰动词doing tai chi, jogging and dancing要用副词，happy的副词形式为happily。 50．句意：每个人都玩得很开心。固定搭配enjoy oneself 表示 “玩得开心”，them对应的反身代词为themselves。 51．句意：一些实用的应用程序让我在这里生活很方便。固定句型make it convenient for sb. to do sth. 表示 “使某人做某事很方便”，因此填介词for。 52．句意：高科技已经成为中国人日常生活的一部分。has already是现在完成时结构，be动词的过去分词为been。 53．句意：下午，我骑了一辆共享电动车在城市里转了转，想选些礼物。 shared electric scooter是可数名词单数，泛指 “一辆”，且shared以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词 a。 54．句意：所以我立刻回去找它。上下文为因果或顺承关系，可用So（表因果，最贴切）或Then（表顺承）。 55．句意：相信我，没有比中国更安全、更便利的地方了。than是比较级的标志，convenient是多音节形容词，其比较级为more convenient，与前面的safer并列。 56．with 57．seen 58．When 59．well 60．by 61．train 62．looks 63．grown 64．lot 65．Hundreds 【导语】本文作者以自身成长经历为线索，讲述了家乡菏泽十年间的巨大变迁，从过去的落后不便到如今高楼林立、交通发达，表达了对家乡发展的感慨。 56．句意：我出生在菏泽，一个在山东有着悠久历史的城市。“a city ______ a long history”表示“一个有悠久历史的城市”，需用介词表示“具有、带有”。选项“with”符合语义，表示伴随状态。 57．句意：今天我才14岁，然而我已经看到了菏泽的巨大变化。“I have ______ great changes”表示“我已经看到了巨大变化”，需用动词的过去分词构成现在完成时。选项“see”的过去分词“seen”符合语法。 58．句意：当我小的时候，我奶奶喜欢带我出去逛城市。“______ I was young”表示“当我小时候”，需用连词引导时间状语从句。选项“when”符合语义，表示“当……时”，句首首字母大写。 59．句意：虽然我还说不清楚话，但我知道它不是一个繁忙的城市。“couldn’t speak ______”表示“说得不好”，需用副词修饰动词speak。选项“good”的副词形式为“well”，符合语义。 60．句意：大约四岁时，我开始通过看电视、读书看杂志来学习东西。“learn things ______ watching TV”表示“通过看电视学习”，需用介词表示方式、手段。选项“by”符合语义，表示“通过……方式”。 61．句意：有一天，我在电视上看到一种又长又大的车，叫做“火车”。“called ‘______’”表示“被称为‘火车’”，需用名词作称呼。选项“train”符合语义，指火车。 62．句意：这个东西看起来好奇怪，它叫“火车”。“This thing ______ so strange”表示“这个东西看起来很怪”，需用系动词或感官动词。选项“look”的第三人称单数“looks”符合语法，描述外观。 63．句意：我已经长成一个青少年了。“I have ______ into a teenager”表示“我已经长成青少年”，需用动词的过去分词构成现在完成时，与“into”搭配。选项“grow”的过去分词“grown”符合语法，表示成长变化。 64．句意：现在，这座城市真的改变了很多。“changed a ______”表示“改变了很多”，需用名词构成固定短语“a lot”。选项“lot”符合语义，表示大量。 65．句意：成百上千的高楼大厦矗立在地面上。“______ of tall buildings”表示“数百座高楼”，需用数词复数形式构成固定短语“hundreds of”。选项“hundred”的复数“Hundreds”符合语法，且句首首字母需大写。 66．She is 72 years old. 67．In a small quiet village. 68．They walked a long way. 69．Because transport was very poor. 70．She feels lucky and satisfied. 【导语】本文主要讲述了以李奶奶的例子展现了过去和现在生活的变化。 66．首段明确提到“Grandma Li is a 72-year-old woman”，这是原文直接给出的年龄信息，她72岁了。 67．第二段指出“When she was young, she lived in a small and quiet village far away from the city”，这是原文直接信息，她年轻时住在一个安静的小村庄里。 68．第三段提到“Children had to walk a long way to school every day”，这是过去孩子上学的出行方式，他们走很长时间的路去学校。 69．第二段提到“Few people could travel to other places because transport was very poor”，这是原文中的具体原因信息，因为那时交通很差。 70．最后一段提到“She feels very lucky and satisfied to enjoy such a good life today”，这是Grandma Li 对现在生活感受的信息，她感到很幸运和满足。 71． 例文 Great Changes in My Hometown I’m Peter. Great changes have taken place in my hometown in recent years. First, the environment is much cleaner, and there is more green space everywhere. Second, transportation is more convenient. We have subways and high-speed trains, making travel faster and easier. Third, people’s lives are more comfortable and colorful. They can enjoy various activities and better services. I feel proud and happy about these changes. My hometown is becoming better and better, and I love it more! 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体： 介绍性说明文，描述家乡发生的变化。由于描述的是“近几年”的变化，所以时态以现在时（描述现状）和现在完成时（描述已经发生的变化）为主 明确要点： 文章需要涵盖四个核心要点：1. 环境变化；2. 交通变化；3. 生活变化；4. 个人感受 确定人称： 以第一人称“我”（I’m Peter/I feel ...）的视角来叙述 注意事项： 要点清晰，语句通顺，词数控制在80词左右 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段： 开门见山，用一句总起句点明主题——“我的家乡近几年发生了巨大变化” 主体段： 按照要点提示的顺序，逐一详细介绍家乡在环境、交通、生活方面的具体变化。运用First、Second、Third等连接词，使文章层次分明，逻辑清晰 结尾段： 表达个人感受，升华主题，表达对家乡的热爱和美好祝愿 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：环境变化 具体描述： 环境更干净 (the environment is much cleaner)，绿化增多 (more green space everywhere) 作用/效果： 虽然没有直接描述效果，但“更干净”和“绿化多”本身就体现了环境质量的提升 要点二：交通变化 具体描述： 交通更方便 (transportation is more convenient)，具体例子是有了地铁和高铁 (We have subways and high-speed trains) 作用效果： 用making travel faster and easier这个分词短语，生动地说明了这些新交通工具带来的便利性 要点三：生活变化 具体描述： 人们的生活更舒适、更多彩 (people’s lives are more comfortable and colorful) 作用效果： 人们可以享受各种各样的活动和更好的服务 (enjoy various activities and better services)，具体解释了“更多彩”和“更舒适”的含义 要点四：个人感受 感受描述： 对这些变化感到自豪和开心 (feel proud and happy)。家乡正变得越来越好，我更加爱它了 (My hometown is becoming better and better, and I love it more!)。这部分直接回应了题目要求，并为文章画上了圆满的句号 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $