Unit 1 语法总结+巩固练习 2025-2026学年外研版七年级英语下册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了新外研七下U1一般过去时语法内容，涵盖概念、动词变化、句式结构、标志词等核心范畴，搭建了从基础规则到实际应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类表格呈现规则与不规则动词变化，标注“辅音字母+y变i加-ed”等易错点，设计真实场景对话和分层练习，培养学生语言能力和学习能力。教师可利用易错点总结精准教学，学生能通过专项练习高效掌握语法要点，提升自主学习效率。

26春新外研七下英语U1语法总结+巩固练习 Unit 1 The secrets of happiness - 语法总览 本单元核心语法：一般过去时(Simple Past Tense) 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。动词过去式有规则与不规则两种。 一、一般过去时的概念 表示在过去确定的某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 用法类型 说明 例句 表示确定的过去动 作 昨天、上周、去年等确定的过去时间点发生的动 作 I went to school yesterday. (我昨天去上学了。) 表示过去的状态 过去某个时间存在的状态或感受 She was very happy last night. (她昨晚很开心。) 表示过去经常性动 作 在过去一段时间内经常发生的动作 When I was a child, I often played football. (当我是孩子时 ，我经常踢足球。) 二、规则动词的过去式变化规则 变化规则 动词原形 → 过去式 例词 一般情况加-ed 动词原形 + ed play → played work → worked watch → watched 以不发音的e结尾 动词原形 + d like → liked live → lived love → loved 以辅音字母+y结尾 变y为i ，再加-ed study → studied cry → cried carry → carried 重读闭音节结尾 ，双写末尾辅音字母加-ed 双写最后一个辅音字母 ，再加-ed stop → stopped plan → planned shop → shopped ( 易错点提示： 1. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的动词，变y为i加-ed（如：stud y→studied） 2. 以"元音字母+y"结尾的动词，直接加-ed（如： play→ played） 3. 以e结尾的动词，如果e发音则加-ed（如： hope→ hoped）；如果e不 发音则加-d（如： like→ liked） ) 三、不规则动词的过去式（重点记忆） 动词原形 过去式 中文释义 be (am/is/are) was/were 是（过去式） do/does did 做 have/has had 有 go/goes went 去 see/sees saw 看见 make/makes made 制作；使 give/gives gave 给 take/takes took 拿走；乘坐 come/comes came 来 eat/eats ate 吃 drink/drinks drank 喝 feel/feels felt 感觉；觉得 think/thinks thought 想；认为 say/says said 说；讲 buy/buys bought 买 forget/forgets forgot 忘记 leave/leaves left 离开 fall/falls fell 落下；跌倒 四、一般过去时的句式结构 句型 含有be动词 含有实义动词 例句 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 其他 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 I was born in 2005. She went to school yesterday. They had fun last weekend. 否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 其 他 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其 他 I wasn't at home yesterday. We didn't go to the park. She didn't finish her homework. 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 其他? Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? Were you happy? Did you go to the zoo? Was she late for school? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + 一般疑问句? 疑问词 + 一般疑问句? Where did you go last night? What did you do yesterday? When did you come back? 五、一般过去时的标志词（重点记忆） 标志词类 标志词 用法说明 例句 型 昨天相关 yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon/evening 表示昨天发生的事情 I went shopping yesterday. 过去时间点 last week/month/year/weekend 表示上周/上个月/去年发生 的事情 We had a party last week. 时间段+ago three hours/days/years ago 表示"...前"发生的事情 She arrived two hours ago. 具体时间 in + 过去年份/月份/日期 表示在过去的某年/某月/某日发生的事情 He was born in 1998. 其他 just now, the day before yesterday, once upon a time 表示"刚才"、 "前天"、 "很久 以前"等 I finished my homework just now. 六、重点短语积累 短语 含义 例句 secret(s) of ……的秘诀/秘密 the secret of happiness (幸福的秘诀) be full of 充满 … … The room was full of joy. care about 关心；在乎 We should care about our friends. share...with... 和 ……分享 … … I always share my happiness with my family. help s b. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 She helped me to learn English. be kind to sb. 对某人友好/善良 He is kind to everyone. smile at 对某人微笑 She always smiles at others. laugh happily 开心地笑 The children laughed happily. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢/享受做某事 I enjoy reading books. spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事 He spent two hours playing the piano. everyday life 日常生活 Happiness is in our everyday life. 七、重点句型归纳 句型 例句 描述幸福观 —In some people's minds, happiness comes from things like money. —Love, in fact, is the key to happiness. 比喻句型 —A life without love is like a sunless garden—cold and empty. 表达感受 —This touched me greatly. —The book was full of magic. 表达经历 —The whole family forgot about their hungry and poor life. 表达观点 —In my mind, happiness comes from care of friends. ( 真实生活场景对话：谈论幸福 ) ( Li Ming: What is the secret of happiness? Wang Hua: I think happiness comes from helping others. Li Ming: Yes! Sharing joy with friends ma kes me happy. Wang Hua: And being kind to everyone is important to o. Li Ming: I agree. A life without love is like a sunless gard en. ) 巩固提升练习 一 单项选择 1. I live in Tianjin now, but I ________ in Shandong three years ago. A. were B. am C. was D. will be 2. Yesterday my mother picked some strawberries and ___________ them home. A. take B. takes C. took D. is taking 3. —When she was five years old, she ________ ride a bike. But she can now. A. could B. couldn't C. can D. can't 4. The police ________ their best to find evidence last month. A. try B. tried C. will try D. are trying 5. —Where did you buy ________ bag? —I ________ it in the new shopping center near my home. A. buy B. bought C. will buy D. have bought 6. My aunt ________ my uncle in 1998. A. marry B. was married C. married D. marrying 二 完成句子 1. Sally上周花了2小时练习弹钢琴。 Sally ________ two hours ________ playing the piano last week. 2. Bob cut down a tree to make a model car. (改为否定句) Bob ________ down a tree to make a model car. 3. Jack likes playing basketball. (用before改为否定句) Jack ________ playing basketball before. 4. 他向我指出了我的错误。 He ________ my mistake to me. 5. 上周末Lucy和她的朋友们一起去公园划了船。 Lucy ________ with her friends at the park last weekend. 三 单词拼写（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1. Laura is my friend. She ________ (study) here last year, but she is in Beijing now. 2. He ________ (study) English three years ago. 3. I could ride a bike when I ________ (be) six years old. 4. I ________ (can't) swim at all three years ago. 5. He ________ (try) his fortune in another city after graduating from college. 6. The news of the singer's arrival ________ (excite) young people last week. 7. We heard a noise and it ________ (wake) everybody up. 8. All the children ________ (scream) when they saw the snake. 四 改错 1. What time did you had breakfast this morning? 2. They came to said goodbye to us yesterday. 3. We start the meeting at 9:00 and finished it at 10:00. ___________ 4. What did you did after supper? 五 翻译 1. 昨天Tom和他的好朋友打架了。 2. 她上周去旅行了。 3. 这位歌手在他二十岁时出名了。(became, when) 4. 他的小说使他在全世界出名了。(novel, made) 5. 他是十八世纪著名的作家之一。 6. 他小时候是一个难对付的学生。 7. 刘洋出生于1978年10月6日。(born) 期末常考点和易错点总结 一、单词部分 ( 常考单词： 1. 名词： happiness, secre t, joy, magic, family 2. 动词：touch, believe , happen, blow, wave 3. 形容词：empty, smart, wonder ful, surprised, excited 4. 副词：finally, proudly, loud ly, quietly ) 二、语法部分 ( 易错语法点： 1. 规则动词过去式变化：注意y结尾、e结尾、重读闭音节的特殊变化 2. 不规则动词过去式：必须逐个记忆，如go-went, see-saw, do-did 3. 一般过去时的否定句：含实义动词用didn't，含be动词用wasn' t/weren't 4. 一般过去时的疑问句： Did提前，动词用原形 5. 时间标志词的识别：yesterda y, last week, three years ago, in 1998等 ) 三、题型模块 常见题型： 1. 单项选择：考查时态判断、动词形式、时间标志词识别 2. 完成句子：考查句式变化、动词形式转换 3. 单词拼写：考查不规则动词过去式拼写、动词变形规则 4. 改错：考查语法规则的正确应用、常见错误识别 5. 翻译：考查一般过去时的汉译英能力 6. 书面表达：用一般过去时描述过去的经历或故事 四、易错点专项讲解 易错点 正确用法 错误示例 助动词后接动词原 形 Did you go...? / I didn't go... Did you went...? / I didn't went... be动词过去式 was/were（was用于单数 ，were用于复数） is/am/are用于过去时 规则动词变化 study→studied（辅音+y变i加-ed） study→studied（直接加-ed） 不规则动词记忆 go→went, see→saw, do→did等 go→goed, see→seed等 时间标志词判断 yesterday, last week, three years ago等用一般过去时 混淆一般过去时和一般现在时 双写规则应用 stop→stopped, plan→ planned（重读闭音节双写末尾辅 音） stop→stoped, plan→ planned 五、重点词汇辨析 词汇对比 用法区别 例句对比 touch vs. feel touch"感动 ，触动"（使他人感动） ；feel"感 觉"（自身感觉） The story touched me deeply. / I felt happy. magic vs. magical magic名词"魔法 ，魔术" ； magical形容词"神奇 的 ，有魔力的" The book was full of magic. / The sunset was magical. say vs. speak vs. tell say "说" ；speak"讲"（强调语言能力） ；tell"告 诉"（传递信息） She said goodbye. / He speaks English well. / Tell me the truth. shame vs. shy shame"羞耻"（名词） ；shy "害羞的"（形容 词） He felt no shame. / She is very shy. empty vs. blank empty "空的" ； blank"空白的" The box is empty. / Please fill in the blank. 六、写作指导：描述过去经历 ( 写作框架 开头： 交代时间、地点、人物 主体： 按时间顺序描述发生的事情 结尾： 总结感受或体会 ) 写作要点 句型示例 时间顺序 First... Then... Finally... 动作描写 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 情感表达 I felt... / It made me... 连接词使用 but, and, so, however, because 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $