八年级 （上） Unit 4-【众相原创·赋能中考】2026年中考英语解题有法 高效练习册配套课件（仁爱版 贵州专用）

该初中英语中考复习课件全面覆盖完形填空、选择型/还原型/任务型阅读理解等核心题型，围绕“人与自然——自然灾害与防范措施”课标主题，对接中考说明中语言理解与表达要求，分析不同文体（记叙文、说明文）的考点权重，归纳语境理解、细节查找、词义猜测等常考题型的解题路径。 课件亮点在于“真题改编+分层训练+核心素养提升”模式，如以“榕江洪水救援”完形填空为例，通过上下文逻辑分析和词汇辨析，培养学生语言能力；“油豆蔻树与闪电”阅读理解详解细节理解与推断题技巧，提升思维品质。教师可依托资料开展针对性训练，帮助学生掌握答题策略，高效备战中考。

贵州 英 语 解题有法 高效练习册 1 第二部分 教材&课标主题语篇练 八年级 （上） Unit 4 人与自然——自然灾害与防范措施 2 Ⅰ.完形第二节 情境1：面对榕江的洪水灾害，雷山人民的志愿救援就像在风雨 里燃起的信念火炬，带领我们感受共渡难关的坚毅担当。 文体：记叙文 文章词数：约260词 难度：★★★☆☆ 建议用时：7分钟 Recently, a heavy rain hit Rongjiang, causing great floods. The rain kept falling for three days, turning streets into rivers and cutting off many villages from the outside. People in 3 Leishan County heard the news and . .1. . decided to volunteer to help the villagers. For the past five days, their volunteers had been working there to do rescue work and bring hope. The flood was terrible. Roads were . .2. . and many houses fell down. Leishan volunteers brought boats, food and medicine. They . .3. . a team and started working. Every day, they rowed boats through deep water to look for trapped people, even when the wind was strong. Over these days, they had saved hundreds of people from . .4. .. First, they needed to move people to . .5. . places. In doing so, the volunteers had to . .6. . some difficulties. “The water was still rising—we must act fast,” said Li Hua, a 20-year-old volunteer. Aunt Wang, a cook from Leishan, had been making meals for the homeless since the flood came. “Cooking here was . .7. . from cooking at home. We needed to make food for 200 people every day,” she said. She always . .8. . the team’s plans: getting clean water, keeping food safe and cheering people up. When kids felt scared, she told them stories to make them relax. After two weeks, the flood . .9. .. The sun came out, and people began to rebuild their homes. The volunteers smiled—this rescue had made people from Rongjiang and Leishan . .10. . than before. They all knew this special friendship would last for a long time.#1.7 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了榕江遭遇洪水后， 雷山县的人们迅速组织志愿者前往开展救援工作，在救援过程中 克服困难，最终洪水退去，这次救援也让榕江和雷山的人们关系 变得比以前更亲密的故事。 7 1.( ) A. slowly B. clearly C. quickly C 【解析】结合前文 “The rain kept falling for three days, turning streets into rivers and cutting off many villages from the outside.”的紧急灾情，以及后文“For the past five days, their volunteers had been working there to do rescue work and bring hope.”的行动，可推断雷山县民众听到消息后，必然 是“迅速”决定投身志愿工作。 8 2.( ) A. built B. broken C. cleaned B 【解析】根据“The flood was terrible. Roads were… and many houses fell down.”可知，洪水很可怕，很多房子倒塌了， 可推断道路遭到破坏。 3.( ) A. made B. left C. found A 【解析】根据空后“started working”可知，志愿者们带来物资后， 组建团队开始工作。 9 4.( ) A. order B. silence C. danger C 【解析】根据语境可知，志愿者的工作是救人们脱离危险。 5.( ) A. quiet B. smooth C. safe C 【解析】根据 “First, they needed to move people to… places.” 可知，救援的首要目的是要将人们转移到安全之处。 10 6.( ) A. hide B. face C. refuse B 【解析】根据“In doing so, the volunteers had to… some difficulties. ‘The water was still rising—we must act fast,’ said Li Hua, a 20-year-old volunteer.”可知，志愿者们在水还 在上涨的情况下必须快速行动，表明要面对困难。 11 7.( ) A. far B. different C. free B 【解析】根据“‘We needed to make food for 200 people every day,’ she said.”可知，在洪水现场每天要为200人做饭，和在家 做饭（的场景、规模）不同。 8.( ) A. followed B. changed C. invented A 【解析】根据“getting clean water, keeping food safe and cheering people up”可知，她按照团队获取净水、保障食物安全 等计划行事，即遵循计划。 12 9.( ) A. kept on B. took off C. went down C 【解析】根据“The sun came out, and people began to rebuild their homes.”可知，太阳出来且人们开始重建家园，说 明洪水消退了。 10.( ) A. closer B. farther C. busier A 【解析】根据“They all knew this special friendship would last for a long time.”可知，这种特殊友谊会长期存在，体现出 两地人们比以往更亲密了。 13 Ⅱ.选择型阅读理解（2025山东日照改编） 情境2：当闪电常被视为树木的 “致命威胁” 时，油豆蔻树却在 雷击中展现出别样生机。 文体：说明文 文章词数：约300词 难度：★★★★☆ 建议用时：8分钟 Lightning usually destroys trees it hits. But scientists have found an amazing tree. It not only lives through lightning strikes（击中） but actually grows better because of them! 14 For years, scientists thought lightning was only bad for trees. But as they explored places like the Amazon rainforest, they started to think there could be trees that fight against lightning. It wasn’t until about 100 years ago that such “super trees” were discovered. Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients（营养） for itself. In 2015, scientist Evan Gora saw a Dipteryx oleifera tree, which had been struck by strong lightning. It was still alive while the neighboring trees were killed. Scientists thought this tree could handle lightning, but there was no way to be sure. Gora and his team saw more of these trees that grew well after lightning strikes. So, they did a study. They followed 93 trees struck by lightning for 2-6 years. They found that all 9 Dipteryx oleifera trees in the study survived with little harm. But 84 other trees were badly hurt, and 64% of them died within two years. These Dipteryx oleifera trees are very tall and have wide tops, making them 68% more likely to be struck by lightning than other trees. During the study, one of the Dipteryx oleifera trees was struck twice in 5 years yet continued to grow well. At present, more studies suggest that these trees attract lightning on purpose to destroy other trees and grow better. Scientists are not sure how these trees survive lightning, but they guess it may involve the trees’ ability to carry electricity. They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics.#1.8 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家发现的一种 神奇的树——油豆蔻树，它被闪电击中后不仅能存活还生长得更 好，科学家对其展开研究并将探索更多有类似特性的树。 1.What is special about the Dipteryx oleifera tree?( ) C A. It dies quickly after lightning strikes. B. It takes in nutrients directly from lightning. C. It grows better after being struck by lightning. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“But scientists have found an amazing tree. It not only lives through lightning strikes （击中） but actually grows better because of them!”以及后 文对油豆蔻树的研究描述可知，油豆蔻树被闪电击中后生长得更 好。 19 2.词义猜测题 What does the underlined word “handle” in Paragraph 3 mean?( ) A A. Deal with. B. Mix up. C. Suffer from. 【解析】词义猜测题。根据前文描述油豆蔻树被闪电击中却未受 严重伤害及“Scientists thought this tree could handle lightning” 可知，科学家认为这种树能够应对闪电，“handle”在这里是“处 理，应对”的意思，与“deal with”意思相近。 20 3.Why do Dipteryx oleifera trees attract lightning?( ) B A. To get more water from the sky. B. To kill nearby trees for growth. C. To become shorter and stronger. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients（营养） for itself.”可知，油豆蔻树吸引 闪电是为了杀死附近的树从而获取更多阳光和营养以生长。 21 4.推断后续发展题 What might scientists do next according to the text?( ) C A. Study how trees attract lightning better. B. Find out where Dipteryx oleifera trees live. C. Look for more trees that can survive lightning. 【解析】推断后续发展题。根据“They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics.”可知，科学家接下来可 能会寻找更多能在被闪电袭击后存活的树。 22 Ⅲ.还原型阅读理解 情境3：面对可能发生的自然灾害，关键在于提前了解应对方法 并充分认识防范的重要性。 文体：说明文 文章词数：约220词 难度：★★★☆☆ 建议用时：6分钟 Natural disasters may happen at any time. When natural disasters happen, you might find yourself without water, food and electricity. 1. ___. Here are some suggestions. C 23 First, know what disasters may happen in your area. You can learn about the types of disasters that are common in your city, such as earthquakes, floods and typhoons（台风）. It is also a good way to catch up on local news and weather reports. 2. ___. Second, make an emergency plan（应急预案）. Plan a way to get your family members together if you can’t find each other after the disaster happens. 3. ___. Pick one place right B F outside your home for sudden emergencies and the other one outside your neighborhood. Third, get a family survival kit（工具包） ready. 4. ___. For example, water, food, medicine and some useful tools. Besides, it is necessary to think about any special needs that might come up. Pack some special things for the old or the young of your family. Then, keep the kit in a place where everyone can find it easily. D Finally, practise the plan you have made. Practise regularly with your family and make sure that everyone knows exactly what to do when a disaster happens. 5. ___. It is impossible to stop natural disasters, but with careful preparation, you can protect yourself and your loved ones better.#1.3.5 E A.But you can just stay at home and wait for rescuers B.In these ways, you can keep aware of possible risks C.So you should get prepared before the disaster comes D.It should include some necessary things your family needs E.By taking these steps, you can improve your chances of surviving F.Choose two places for everyone to go if it isn’t safe to stay at home 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在自然灾害发生之 前做好应急准备的四个实用建议。 27 1. ___ C 【解析】结合横线前后的句子可知,横线处应填的句子是过渡句, 起承上启下的作用，说明提前准备以应对自然灾害的必要性。C 项符合语境。 2. ___ B 【解析】根据第二段所述可知，本段主要建议要先了解所在地区 常见的自然灾害种类，并关注当地新闻和天气预报。横线处要填 的句子在本段末尾，因此，起总结前文的作用。B项符合语境。 28 3. ___ F 【解析】根据下一句中的“one”和“the other”可知，横线处要说 明应急计划中需选择两个集合地点。F项符合语境。 4. ___ D 【解析】结合横线前后的句子可知，横线处要说明家庭生存工具 包应包含什么。D项符合语境。 29 5. ___ E 【解析】根据后文可知，横线处要填的句子要对上文就如何在自然 灾害发生之前做好应急准备所给出的建议做出总结。E项符合语境。 30 Ⅳ.任务型阅读理解 情境4：华北强风暴的出现让我们看到自然的力量不可忽视，而 了解它的相关知识并落实防护建议如同为生活加一道安全屏障， 引领我们从容面对极端天气。 文体：说明文 文章词数：约280词 难度：★★★★☆建议用时：8分钟 In mid-April 2025, a powerful windstorm swept the northern part of China, with wind speeds reaching 37 to 41 m/s, 31 making it one of the strongest storms since 1986. The event lasted about 72 hours—far longer than typical storms—causing serious damage（损坏） across many areas. The storm was formed when extremely cold air from the north met warm air over Mongolia. This big temperature difference, together with strong winds blowing high in the sky, created perfect conditions for dangerous weather. Nearby mountains squeezed（挤压） the winds like a funnel（漏斗）, making them faster and stronger.And Beijing’s forest of tall buildings acted like wind tunnels（风洞） made the winds even more intense（强烈的）. For example, the downtown area saw wind speeds hit 133 km/h （37 m/s）, almost 30% stronger than the 101 km/h （28 m/s） measured in nearby countryside areas. The storm caused a lot of damage. Power lines were damaged, leaving thousands of households without electricity. Flights at Beijing’s main airport were canceled, causing hundreds of passengers to wait for hours or change their plans. Sandstorms in Inner Mongolia reduced visibility to near-zero levels. Weather scientists warned that climate change may cause more storms like this. They suggested building stronger houses and power lines, planting more trees in the city and improving storm warning systems. For safety, people should keep emergency supplies ready before storms come.They should also avoid staying in high places in strong winds. More importantly, everyone should check weather reports to learn the latest news about the storm. By following these tips, people can better protect themselves when storms hit. 阅读短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。1至4题每题答案不 超过3个单词，5题须用完整句子回答。#1.4 A Strong Windstorm Hit the Northern China Event Details The 2025 storm was one of 1.____________________ since 1986 because of its extreme wind speeds and its pretty long lasting time. the strongest storms 36 A Strong Windstorm Hit the Northern China Reasons ●The big temperature difference between the cold air in north and the pretty warm air over Mongolia formed the storm. ●Valleys between mountains and 2._____________ in cities also caused faster and stronger winds. tall buildings 续表 37 A Strong Windstorm Hit the Northern China Damage ●Damaged power lines left 3._____________ homes without electricity. ●Flights at Beijing’s main airport were canceled. ●It is difficult to see clearly in Inner Mongolia because of the storm. thousands of 续表 38 A Strong Windstorm Hit the Northern China Suggesti ons For cities： ●Build stronger houses and power lines. ●Plant more trees. ●Improve weather warning systems. 续表 39 A Strong Windstorm Hit the Northern China Suggesti ons For common people： ●Keep daily things ready. ●4._______ staying in high places during strong winds. ●Pay attention to weather reports. Avoid 续表 40 A Strong Windstorm Hit the Northern China What can you learn from this passage? 5.______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ ________________________ We should keep daily things ready before storms come./We should check weather reports to learn the latest news about the storm./… 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2025年4月中旬中 国北部遭遇的一场强风暴，包括其形成原因、造成的破坏以及应 对建议。 续表 41 1. ____________________ the strongest storms 【解析】根据“In mid-April 2025, a powerful windstorm swept the northern part of China, with wind speeds reaching 37 to 41 m/s, making it one of the strongest storms since 1986.”可知，是最强风暴之一。 42 2. _____________ tall buildings 【解析】根据“And Beijing’s forest of tall buildings acted like wind tunnels（风洞） made the winds even more intense （强烈的）.”可知，北京高楼林立形成一个个风洞，使得风势更 加猛烈。 43 3. _____________ thousands of 【解析】根据“The storm caused a lot of damage. Power lines were damaged, leaving thousands of households without electricity.”可知，造成了数以千计的房子没有电。 4. _______ Avoid 【解析】根据“They should also avoid staying in high places in strong winds.”可知，应该避免待在高处。注意句首首字母大 写。 44 5.______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 【解析】开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。 We should keep daily things ready before storms come./We should check weather reports to learn the latest news about the storm./… 45 46 $