内容正文:
If引导的条件状语从句可以分为两类,一类是真实条件句,另一类是虚拟条件句。在虚拟条件句中,需要使用虚拟语气。那么如何来判断if引导的条件状语从句是不是虚拟条件句,虚拟条件句中又应该使用什么时态呢?这节课我们就来学习一下。
一.判断依据——语境
凡是假设的情况实现的的可能性很大,就是真实条件句。当假设的情况实现的可能性很小或者假设的情况与事实相反时,就是虚拟条件句。所以判断的依据是看语境中假设的情况是否可以实现。例如:
真实条件句:
Today Iam not busy. If I have time , I will help you with this work.
(“我有时间”的可能性很大,“帮助你”的可能性也很大)
虚拟条件句:
1. If I were you , I would have attended the meeting.
(“我成为你”的假设无法实现)
2.My grand father died ten years ago. If my grandfather were alive today, he would experience a very different world.(假设的情况与事实相反)
二.虚拟条件句中动词时态的变化[来源:学科网]
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况:①与现在事实相反。②与过去事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。所以虚拟条件句中动词时态的变化分为三大类:
虚拟的时间
从句的谓语形式
主句的谓语形式
表示与现在事实相反
did或were
(be的过去式一般用were)
would(could/might/should)+do
表示与过去事实相反
had done
would(could/might/should)+have done
表示与将来事实相反
did或were
were to do
should do
would(could/might/should)+do
三.根据语境判断单选题中的虚拟语气
1. Mary is ill today. If she _____,she ____ absent from school.
A. were not ill; wouldn't be
B. had been ill; wouldn't have been