Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature（阅读策略）-2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固（人教版）

该初中英语单元知识清单聚焦"自然奇迹"主题阅读策略，涵盖阅读主题阐释、词句策略积累、阅读强化训练三大范畴，搭建从主题内涵理解到词句积累再到阅读策略应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类整合主题词汇（如自然景观、现象类）和功能句式，分级训练略读、查读等阅读策略，关联多元文化认知（如中外自然奇迹），培养语言能力与思维品质。设计巩固练习（如根据提示补全句子）和新考向题型（如图文转换），助力学生自主积累，教师可据此设计分层教学，提升课堂实效。

2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固(人教版2024) Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature阅读策略 目录 第一部分 阅读主题阐释锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 词句策略积累用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 阅读强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 阅读主题阐释 Unit 4的阅读主题“The Wonders of Nature”，聚焦自然界中令人惊叹的自然景观、自然现象及生物奇迹，核心是引导学生感知自然之美、了解自然知识，同时培养用英语描述自然、探讨自然的能力，兼顾语言学习与人文素养、科学认知的提升，让学生在阅读中感受自然的神奇，树立热爱自然、保护自然的意识。 1. 主题内涵 该主题的核心内涵是“探索自然奇迹，感知自然价值”，涵盖两个核心层面：一是自然本身的神奇之处，包括自然景观（如山川、河流、瀑布、森林）、自然现象（如日出、彩虹、雷电、极光）和生物奇迹（如奇特的动植物）；二是人与自然的关系，引导学生认识自然的奥秘，理解自然对人类的重要意义，树立尊重自然、和谐共生的理念。 2. 素养体现 结合初中英语核心素养，该主题主要体现以下四大素养：一是语言能力，学生能掌握与自然相关的词汇、句式，能读懂介绍自然奇迹的短文，能运用英语简单描述自然景观或现象；二是思维品质，通过阅读分析自然现象的成因、自然景观的特点，培养逻辑推理、归纳总结的能力；三是文化意识，了解不同国家的自然奇迹，感受不同文化中人们对自然的认知和态度，拓宽国际视野；四是学习能力，在阅读过程中运用合适的阅读策略，自主积累词汇、梳理信息，提升自主学习和合作探究的能力。 3. 策略要求 针对该主题的阅读，核心策略要求包括：一是略读策略，快速浏览短文，抓住文章主旨大意，了解文章围绕哪种自然奇迹展开、主要介绍了其哪些方面；二是查读策略，根据题干要求，快速定位文章中的关键信息（如时间、地点、特点、成因等）；三是猜词策略，结合上下文语境，猜测与自然相关的生词含义，如通过“a large amount of water falling from a high place”猜测“waterfall”的含义；四是归纳总结策略，阅读后梳理文章脉络，总结自然奇迹的特点、价值或保护意义；五是推理判断策略，根据文章已知信息，推断作者的态度、观点或未明确提及的细节。 4. 文化品质 该主题蕴含的文化品质主要体现在：一是多元文化认知，了解世界各国著名的自然奇迹（如中国的张家界、美国的大峡谷、澳大利亚的大堡礁等），感受不同地域的自然风貌和文化特色；二是自然文化认同，认识到自然奇迹是人类共同的财富，不同文化中都有尊重自然、敬畏自然的理念，培养跨文化共情能力；三是环保文化渗透，通过阅读了解自然奇迹面临的威胁（如污染、气候变化），树立全球环保意识，理解“保护自然就是保护人类自己”的共同文化共识。 ◇Part 02 词句策略积累 一、主题词汇 （1）自然景观类 wonder 奇迹；nature 自然；scenery 风景；view 景色；landscape 景观；mountain 山；hill 小山；valley 山谷；canyon 峡谷；plateau 高原；plain 平原；desert 沙漠；forest 森林；jungle 丛林；grassland 草原；river 河流；lake 湖泊；sea 大海；ocean 海洋；waterfall 瀑布；spring 泉水；stream 小溪；island 岛屿；coast 海岸；beach 沙滩；cliff 悬崖；cave 洞穴；volcano 火山；glacier 冰川 （2）自然现象类 sunrise 日出；sunset 日落；rainbow 彩虹；thunder 雷声；lightning 闪电；storm 暴风雨；snowstorm 暴风雪；wind 风；rain 雨；snow 雪；fog 雾；mist 薄雾；dew 露水；frost 霜；hail 冰雹；typhoon 台风；hurricane 飓风；tornado 龙卷风；aurora 极光；tsunami 海啸；earthquake 地震；flood 洪水 （3）自然生物类 plant 植物；tree 树；flower 花；grass 草；bush 灌木；moss 苔藓；animal 动物；bird 鸟；fish 鱼；insect 昆虫；butterfly 蝴蝶；bee 蜜蜂；deer 鹿；bear 熊；wolf 狼；eagle 鹰；dolphin 海豚；whale 鲸鱼；coral 珊瑚；marine 海洋的；wild 野生的 （4）描述性词汇 beautiful 美丽的；amazing 令人惊叹的；wonderful 奇妙的；magnificent 壮丽的；grand 宏伟的；vast 广阔的；deep 深的；high 高的；long 长的；wide 宽的；clear 清澈的；bright 明亮的；colorful 色彩斑斓的；mysterious 神秘的；powerful 有力量的；gentle 温和的；rough 汹涌的；calm 平静的；green 绿色的；blue 蓝色的 （5）动作及其他相关词汇 explore 探索；discover 发现；observe 观察；protect 保护；preserve 保护；pollute 污染；destroy 破坏；appear 出现；disappear 消失；form 形成；exist 存在；survive 生存；grow 生长；flow 流动；fall 落下；shine 照耀；blow 吹；rain 下雨；snow 下雪；travel 旅行；visit 参观 二、主题句式 （1）描述自然景观/奇迹的基本句式 1. ... is one of the most amazing natural wonders in the world. （……是世界上最令人惊叹的自然奇迹之一。） 2. Located in ..., ... is famous for its ... （位于……的……以其……而闻名。） 3. The ... is known for its beautiful scenery and mysterious charm. （……以其美丽的风景和神秘的魅力而闻名。） 4. There is a wonderful ... in the west of the country. （这个国家的西部有一个奇妙的……。） 5. ... attracts thousands of visitors from all over the world every year. （……每年吸引着成千上万来自世界各地的游客。） 6. The scenery of ... is so beautiful that it takes my breath away. （……的风景如此美丽，令人叹为观止。） 7. Standing on the top of the mountain, we can enjoy the beautiful view of the whole valley. （站在山顶，我们可以欣赏到整个山谷的美景。） 8. ... is a great place to experience the beauty of nature. （……是体验自然之美的好地方。） （2）描述自然现象的句式 9. The rainbow usually appears after the rain. （彩虹通常在雨后出现。） 10. When the sun rises in the east, the sky turns bright. （当太阳从东方升起时，天空变得明亮。） 11. Lightning is followed by thunder on a stormy day. （暴风雨天，闪电过后是雷声。） 12. The Northern Lights look like colorful curtains in the sky. （极光在天空中看起来像彩色的窗帘。） 13. It often snows heavily in the north in winter, covering the whole world in white. （北方的冬天经常下大雪，整个世界都被白雪覆盖。） 14. The wind is blowing strongly, making the trees shake. （风刮得很大，使树木摇晃。） 15. The fog is so thick that we can’t see far ahead. （雾太大了，我们看不清前方。） 16. Tsunamis are usually caused by earthquakes under the sea. （海啸通常由海底地震引起。） （3）表达观点/感受的句式 17. I think the most amazing natural wonder is ... （我认为最令人惊叹的自然奇迹是……。） 18. In my opinion, we should protect all the natural wonders around us. （在我看来，我们应该保护我们周围所有的自然奇迹。） 19. It’s hard to believe that such a wonderful place exists in the world. （很难相信世界上有这样奇妙的地方。） 20. I feel very excited when I see the beautiful natural scenery. （当我看到美丽的自然风景时，我感到非常兴奋。） 21. We are all shocked by the power of nature. （我们都被自然的力量所震撼。） 22. It’s our duty to protect nature and keep its beauty forever. （保护自然、永远保持它的美丽是我们的责任。） （4）介绍成因/特点的句式 23. ... is formed by the movement of the earth’s crust. （……是由地壳运动形成的。） 24. The main reason for ... is ... （……的主要原因是……。） 25. ... has the characteristics of being high, deep and wide. （……具有高、深、宽的特点。） 26. The water in the lake is so clear that we can see the fish swimming in it. （湖里的水非常清澈，我们可以看到鱼在里面游。） 27. This kind of plant can only grow in warm and wet places. （这种植物只能生长在温暖潮湿的地方。） 28. The forest is home to many wild animals. （这片森林是许多野生动物的家园。） （5）其他相关句式 29. If we pollute the environment, many natural wonders will disappear. （如果我们污染环境，许多自然奇迹将会消失。） 30. Let’s work together to protect the wonders of nature. （让我们一起努力保护自然奇迹。） 31. We can learn a lot about nature by reading books and traveling. （通过读书和旅行，我们可以学到很多关于自然的知识。） 32. Many scientists are working hard to explore the secrets of nature. （许多科学家正在努力探索自然的奥秘。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 根据提示完成句子 1. 大峡谷是世界上最宏伟的自然奇迹之一。（grand, natural wonder） The Grand Canyon is one of the ________________ in the world. 2. 雨后，天空中出现了一道色彩斑斓的彩虹。（rainbow, colorful） After the rain, a ________________ appeared in the sky. 3. 我们应该努力保护自然，不让它受到破坏。（protect, destroy） We should try our best to ________________ from being destroyed. 4. 张家界以其奇特的山峰和美丽的森林而闻名。（be famous for, strange） Zhangjiajie ________________ its strange mountains and beautiful forests. 5. 站在海边，我们能感受到海风的吹拂和大自然的力量。（power, nature） Standing by the sea, we can feel the sea wind blowing and ________________. 三、优化策略 1. 略读策略（Skimming） 快速把握文章主旨，明确文章围绕“The Wonders of Nature”主题下的具体内容（如某一自然景观、自然现象），无需逐字逐句阅读。 阅读该单元相关语篇时，首先浏览文章标题、副标题和首末段，快速判断文章核心话题——是介绍具体的自然奇迹（如大峡谷、极光），还是探讨自然与人类的关系、自然保护等。例如，阅读标题为“The Great Barrier Reef”的短文时，通过略读首段可快速得知文章主要介绍大堡礁的位置、特点及现状，节省阅读时间，为后续精读做准备。 略读时重点关注名词（如natural wonder, canyon, rainbow）和核心谓语动词（如is famous for, form, protect），忽略细节描述（如具体数字、举例补充），避免因纠结细节而影响对主旨的判断。 2. 查读策略（Scanning） 根据题干要求或具体问题，快速定位文章中的关键信息，精准找到答案，提高阅读效率。 该主题语篇中常出现“where is...”, “what is the feature of...”, “why is...important”等问题，此时可运用查读策略，带着关键词（如地名、特征词、原因词）快速浏览文章，定位相关句子。例如，题目问“Where is the Grand Canyon located?”，可直接查找文章中含“Grand Canyon”和“located”的句子，快速找到答案，无需阅读全文。 查读前需明确题干中的关键词（如专有名词、数字、形容词），定位后重点阅读关键词所在的句子及前后1-2句，确保获取准确信息，避免遗漏关键细节。 3. 猜词策略（Word Guessing） 结合上下文语境，猜测语篇中与自然主题相关的生词含义，避免因生词影响阅读连贯性，同时积累主题词汇。 该单元阅读中会出现大量自然相关的生词（如glacier, aurora, coral等），此时可通过上下文的定义、举例、因果、转折等关系猜测词义。例如，文中出现“Glaciers, which are large masses of ice, move very slowly over the land.”，通过定语从句“which are large masses of ice”可猜测“glacier”意为“冰川”；再如，“Many animals live in the jungle, such as monkeys, tigers and snakes.”，通过举例可猜测“jungle”意为“丛林”。 猜词时优先结合上下文的逻辑关系，避免孤立猜测；同时注意积累常见的词根词缀（如natural—nature, protect—protection），辅助猜测生词含义。 4. 归纳总结策略（Summarizing） 阅读完语篇后，梳理文章脉络，总结文章核心内容（如自然奇迹的特点、成因、价值或保护意义），培养逻辑思维能力。 针对该主题语篇，归纳总结时可按照“是什么（自然奇迹/现象）—有什么特点—为什么重要—我们该怎么做”的逻辑梳理。例如，阅读介绍“Northern Lights”的短文后，可总结为：The Northern Lights are a natural wonder that appears in the northern sky; they are colorful and beautiful, formed by the sun’s particles and the earth’s magnetic field; they are precious, so we should protect the environment to keep them. 这样的总结能清晰把握文章核心，也能帮助巩固主题词汇和句式。 总结时需简洁明了，突出核心信息，避免重复细节；可借助关键词（如feature, form, protect）梳理逻辑，确保总结的完整性和条理性。 5. 推理判断策略（Inferring） 根据文章已知信息，推断作者的态度、观点，或文章中未明确提及的细节，深化对文章的理解。 该主题语篇中，作者常通过描述自然奇迹的美丽和面临的威胁，隐含对自然的敬畏和对环保的呼吁。例如，文中提到“The Great Barrier Reef is being polluted, and many corals are dying.”，可推断出作者的观点是“我们应该保护大堡礁，减少污染”；再如，“Many people travel to see natural wonders, which shows people love nature.”，可推断出“自然奇迹能拉近人与自然的距离，激发人们对自然的热爱”。 推理判断时需基于文章原文，不能主观臆断；结合文章的语气、用词（如amazing, precious, dangerous），准确把握作者的情感和观点，避免过度推理。 ◇Part 03 阅读强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 1 Can you imagine a sea of sand three times bigger than India? It is the Sahara Desert (撒哈拉沙漠) , the largest desert in the world. It covers 11 countries in North Africa and is over 9 million square kilometres. That’s more than 30% of Africa. In the Sahara, temperatures are very different during the day and at night. It is much hotter during the day than at night. During the day, the hottest time is between 2 pm and 4 pm, when the temperature rises to 33℃. But it is very cold at night. The coldest time is at 4 am, when the temperature falls to -1℃. How to stay alive in the Sahara Desert? Marco Rivera, our survival expert, has some tips. First, take warm clothes and a blanket. During the day, cover your body, head and face. Clothes protect you from the sun and keep water in your body. You will also need a warm blanket at night. It can get cold very quickly. Second, try to drink some water at least once every hour. You need your water to last as long as possible. Drink only what you need. Third, try to close your mouth and not to talk. When you talk, you lose water from your body. Last, eat as little as you can, because if you eat, you will get thirsty and drink all of your water more quickly. You can live for three weeks with no food, but you can only live for three days without water. 1．The writer introduces the topic in paragraph 1by ________. A．telling stories B．listing numbers C．giving examples D．making a survey 2．新考向 [图文转换] According to paragraph 2,which of the following is TRUE? A． B． C． D． 3．What can we know from the passage? A．The Sahara Desert covers 9 countries in North Africa. B．In the Sahara Desert, you can talk and eat as usual. C．In the Sahara Desert, you don’t need a warm blanket at night. D．In the Sahara Desert, water is more important than food. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．It mainly introduces the Sahara Desert. B．It mainly introduces the area of the Sahara Desert. C．It mainly introduces the temperature of the Sahara Desert. D．It mainly introduces how to stay alive in the Sahara Desert. 2 21 March 2025 is the first World Day for Glaciers (冰川). It was announced by the United Nations, along with the International Year of Glaciers 2025. The aim is to encourage everyone to protect glaciers. They are important for sustaining life on earth now and for future generations. A glacier is made up of ice and snow that slowly flows over land. As snow continues to pile up over many years, it finally becomes a large mass of snow that starts changing into glacier ice. Throughout Earth’s history, glaciers have shaped mountains and valleys. They are still flowing and shaping landscapes in many places today. However, glaciers don’t just affect the land. When glaciers melt, they let out nutrients (营养物质) into lakes, rivers, and oceans. These nutrients can help phytoplankton, which is a tiny plant that forms the basis of aquatic food-chains (水生食物链), grow. As glaciers melt, they also provide habitats (栖息地) for plants and animals near streams. This shows that glaciers indirectly affect wildlife and fishing areas. In some areas, glaciers provide water for both people and animals. About 10 percent of the world’s land has around 200,000 glaciers, which hold about 70 percent of Earth’s fresh water, according to the UN. In the Himalayas, Karakoram, and Hindu Kush mountains, millions of people depend on the 90,000 glaciers for water. These glaciers form the headwaters (源头) of the Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra rivers. Climate change is having a severe effect on glaciers across the globe, and many glaciers have disappeared completely. For example, Colombia has seen 90 percent of its glacier area disappear since the mid-19th century, as shown in a 2025 UN report on global water development. The report also warns that with a temperature increase of 1.5 to 4 degrees Celsius, glaciers could lose between 26 to 41 percent of their mass (体量) from 2015 levels by 2100. 5．What’s the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To introduce a special day. B．To introduce the topic. C．To call on people to protect the environment. D．To give real examples. 6．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．How melting glaciers affect aquatic ecosystems. B．The economic impact of glacier tourism. C．The history of international glacier protection. D．The process of glacier formation. 7．Which region’s population heavily relies on glaciers for water supply? A．Amazon Rainforest. B．Sahara Desert. C．Himalayan Mountains. D．Antarctica. 8．新考向  What is the most likely topic the author would discuss in the following paragraph? A．Economic benefits of glacier tourism. B．Specific measures to protect glaciers globally. C．Detailed history of glacier formation. D．Survival challenges of Arctic animals. 9．Which of the following is the BEST title for the article? A．How glaciers form: from snow to flowing ice B．Climate change’s devastating impact on global glaciers C．World Day for Glaciers: a UN initiative for fresh water D．Glaciers: Earth’s vital but endangered ice 3 Our world is full of wonders, making us feel excited and curious. Let’s take a look at the following three unusual sights (景象). 1. Colorful Mammatus CloudsLook up! Sometimes after a storm, you might see strange clouds hanging in the sky. They are called mammatus clouds. These clouds look like big, soft bags hanging downward. They form when cold air falls into warm air full of tiny water drops below storm clouds. Their unusual shape makes them look like something from another planet—colorful and amazing to watch. 2. Red Rain from the SkyHave you ever heard of rain that is red? Red rain is an unusual sight where rainwater turns pink or red. People once thought it was caused by tiny red plants or special light. But now we know it’s usually from red dust (灰尘) from faraway deserts mixing with rainwater. This strange rain has been seen in a few places around the world, making it an amazing sight. 3. ______ In cold winter, some slow-moving rivers or lakes have a special surprise: ice circles. They are round pieces of ice, just like big ice plates. How do they form? Pieces of ice spin (旋转) slowly in the water, and the gentle water smooths them into perfect circles. Only when the temperature and water are just right can we see these perfect natural ice circles. 10．Which of the following is true about mammatus clouds? A．They all look white and very beautiful. B．They are like soft bags hanging down. C．They form when warm air rises into cold air. D．They are from another planet and very special. 11．What really causes red rain to be pink or red? A．Tiny red plants. B．Red clouds in the sky. C．Red dust from deserts. D．Special light from nature. 12．Which of the following could be the best title (标题) for the third passage? A．Cold Winter Rivers B．Slow-moving Plates C．Dangerous Round Ice D．Amazing Ice Circles 13．What do the three sights have in common (共同点)? A．They all happen in winter. B．They all happen in desert areas. C．They are all connected with water. D．They all need strong winds to form. 14．In which part of the newspaper can we read the passage? A．Art B．Travel C．Nature D．Culture 4 The Hutuo River is the mother river of Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei. The Hutuo River is famous for its rich history and cultural meaning. It has been important for transportation (交通) for centuries and has played an important part in the development of the area. The river has also been the subject of many poems and works of art in history. However, about 20 years ago, it was dirty and almost dried up. Thanks to the government’s work, it has become much cleaner. Wu Wenzhong, a 58-year-old villager, lives near the river. “My friends and I often played with water, swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best,” he said. He remembers that the villagers had to cross the river by boat at that time. But as time passed by, it got dirty and started to dry up. To remediate (治理) the river, the government has done a lot of things. They clean the river up and build levees (防洪堤). They plant trees, grass and flowers to green the riverside. They build up fences (防护栏) and put up “No Swimming” signs along the river to protect people. They stop factories from putting waste water into the river. They keep an eye on the river to make sure it stays clean for the fish, birds and people who live nearby. They also have a long-term plan to keep the river in good condition. Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again. People can enjoy a day outdoors with the beauty of nature along the river. Wu and other villagers are happy to see the river looking good again. The Hutuo River’s story shows that when people work together to take care of nature, good things can happen. 15．How does the writer introduce the subject in Paragraph 1? A．By giving examples. B．By giving facts. C．By asking questions. D．By quoting (引用) a famous poem. 16．What was Wu Wenzhong’s favourite activity when he was a child? A．Boating. B．Swimming. C．Planting trees. D．Catching fish. 17．What do we know about today’s Hutuo River? A．Many birds live around it. B．Factories get water from it. C．It’s still in bad condition. D．Villagers can have fun swimming in it. 18．What does “keep an eye on” mean in Paragraph 4? A．see off B．watch over C．find out D．look for 19．Which question does Paragraph 4 mainly answer? A．How does the river look now? B．When do people green the riverside? C．Why is the river important? D．What actions has the government taken? 5 The Amazon Rainforest The most famous rainforest is in South America. It’s also the world’s largest. The Amazon Rainforest makes up half of the world’s rainforests. The Amazon River passes through the Amazon Rainforest. It runs through 8 countries, such as Brazil, Peru and so on. The Congo (刚果) Rainforest The world’s second-largest rainforest, the Congo Rainforest, is in central Africa. The Congo River passes through this rainforest. You can see bonobos (倭黑猩猩) in the Congo Rainforest, and it’s the only place on the earth you can see them. The Daintree Rainforest The Daintree Rainforest in Australia is one of the oldest rainforests in the world. It is over 1,200 square kilometers and is home to many animals and plants. Spring is its best season. You can stay here for a night and experience the deep rainforest and get close to nature. The Southeast Asian Rainforest This rainforest is across Asia. It is about 2.4 million square kilometers. It is famous for different kinds of interesting animals, like king cobras, Bengal tigers and many others. Joining a group seems to be the best way to go if you wish to visit this special rainforest. 20．Which of the following orders is correct according to the areas of the rainforests? a. Amazon Rainforest                         b. Daintree Rainforest c. Congo Rainforest                         d. Southeast Asian Rainforest A．a>b>c>d B．a>c>d>b C．a>d>c>b D．a>b>d>c 21．From the text, what can we learn? ①The Amazon Rainforest has about 390,000 trees. ②The Southeast Asian Rainforest is across Asia. ③The Daintree Rainforest is the youngest rainforest in the world. ④People can see bonobos in the Congo Rainforest. A．①④ B．②④ C．②③ D．③④ 22．In which part of a magazine may the text appear? A．News. B．History. C．Culture. D．Nature. 6 Tea Garden Draws Tourists The mountain village of Wugongling, in China’s Anhui Province, has become a tourist attraction because of its stepped tea garden. Starting in the 1960s, the villagers spent 13 years building steps on the mountainside so they could grow tea plants there. The village was once poor but now interests lots of tourists. The garden has a viewing platform (观赏台), walkways and a visitor center. A Worker Wanted for Antarctic Post Office The planet’s most faraway post office, Port Lockroy in Antarctica, need people to work there for five months. Tasks would include running the gift shop and counting penguins living there. There is no running water, and it is very cold all the time. The wind is often strong, and in winter, the sun doesn’t come out for many weeks. Though life there is not easy, Laurenm Elliot, who worked there in 2019, described it as “the most magical place in the world”. He said he was happy to work there. ________ A wildflower that was thought to be extinct (灭绝的) has been found, 40 years after it was last seen. It was thought to have died out after forests were cut down and made into farmland. However, scientists in the Centinela area in Ecuador (厄瓜多尔) found the flower again and are now working to protect the species. 23．In which section of the newspaper can we read the news? A．Amazing History. B．Wonderful Science. C．Meet Nature. D．Love Travelling. 24．The villagers in Wugongling built steps to ________. A．attract more tourists B．protect the environment C．plant tea on the mountainside D．make their village a beautiful place 25．From the second piece of news, we can know that ________. A．many people want to get the job B．the living condition there is difficult C．workers must stay there for at least a full year D．Laurenm Elliot had bad working experiences there 26．What would be the best title for the third piece of news? A．Wildflowers Needs Protection. B．Forests Are Made into Farmland. C．“Extinct” Wildflower Found in Ecuador. D．Scientists Work for Environmental Protection. 27．What does the above news focus on? A．Funny stories around the world. B．Wonderful scientific development. C．Environmental challenges and solutions. D．Connections between people and nature. 7 The sun sets in a field in southern England. When it rises again the following morning, that field has been changed into a huge work of art. A large part of the crops (庄稼) has been pressed into a pattern of circles, squares and other shapes. Farmers have reported finding strange circles in their fields for centuries. The earliest mention of a crop circle dates back to the 1500s. Crop circles, however, didn’t get attention until 1980. When a farmer in England discovered three circles in his field, the world first began to learn about crop circles. By the 1990s, crop circles had become something of a tourist attraction. In 1990 alone, more than 500 circles appeared in Europe. Within the next few years, there were thousands. Crop circles can come in many different shapes, changing in size. Most early crop circles were simple. But after 1990, the circles have changed. Crops can be made to look like just about anything-smiling faces, flowers or even words. People have long been wondering who or what is creating these crop circles. Possibly the most widely known idea is that crop circles are the work of visitors from other planets. Probably the most scientific opinion says that crop circles are created by vortices (旋涡). They force the air down to the ground, which presses the crops down. There is something similar which is thought to be caused by vortices. Dr. Terence Meaden, an expert, says when the dust (尘土) gets caught up in a vortex, it can appear to glow (发光), which may explain the UFO-like glowing lights many people have seen. 28．How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By giving a comparison. D．By describing a scene. 29．When did the world become interested in crop circles? A．In the 1500s. B．After 1980. C．In 1900. D．After 1990. 30．Which of the following is TRUE about crop circles in Paragraph 4? A．Early crop circles were very small in size. B．Large crop circles are usually round in shape. C．All kinds of crop circles began to appear after 1990. D．Flower-shaped crop circles were first found in the 1500s. 31．Which point do you think Dr. Terence Meaden would agree with? A．Crop circles may be man-made. B．Crop circles could be marks left by aliens. C．The UFO-like light could be caused by dust. D．Vortices are sure to create perfectly shaped crop circles. 32．Which of the following would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 8 Wetlands, the “Earth’s kidneys,” are vital for a healthy planet. They clean our water and provide homes for wildlife. But for a long time, humans saw them as useless land, filling them in for farms and cities, which caused water pollution and loss of animal homes. Thankfully, the story is changing. People now understand the importance of wetlands and are working to bring them back. A great example is the creation of wetland parks in China, like the Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou. It shows how humans and nature can live in harmony (和谐). Protecting wetlands starts with us. We can begin by learning about the wetlands near us and the life they support. A visit to a wetland park can help us see their beauty and understand their value firsthand. In our daily lives, saving water is also a powerful way to help, as using less water means more clean water can flow to these areas. Finally, sharing what we’ve learned with friends and family can spread the message of conservation further. By taking these steps, we can all be part of protecting these wonderful places. Protecting wetlands is not just about saving nature; it is about protecting our own future. 33．Why are wetlands called the “Earth’s kidneys”? A．Because they are shaped like kidneys. B．Because they are home to many animals. C．Because they are not useful to humans. D．Because they help to clean water. 34．What is the correct order of the advice given in the passage on how to protect wetlands? a. Tell others about it.                            b. Save water in daily life. c. Learn about local wetlands.                        d. Visit a wetland park. A．a c b d B．c d b a C．b a d c D．d c a b 35．What is the special part about the Xixi National Wetland Park according to the passage? A．It keeps all its birds in large cages for visitors. B．It is the largest wetland park in the world. C．It successfully balances nature protection and human enjoyment. D．It does not allow any visitors to enter in order to protect nature. 36．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To complain about how people destroyed wetlands in the past. B．To explain how to build a wetland park step by step. C．To list all the animals that can be found in Xixi Wetland Park. D．To encourage people to protect and live in harmony with wetlands. 9 When you first hear about the Dead Sea, it might sound scary, but the truth is quite different. Let’s get closer to the Dead Sea and learn more about it. The Dead Sea is located in southwest Asia. It is about 50 kilometers long and 15 kilometers wide at its widest point. It sits at about 430 meters below sea level (海平面), making it the lowest point on Earth’s land. What’s interesting is that the Dead Sea isn’t actually a sea. It’s a lake with a salt concentration (含盐度) of more than 30 percent, which is about eight times saltier than typical seawater. This makes it one of the saltiest bodies of water on Earth. The Dead Sea stays so salty because of its special natural conditions. Each year, it receives very little rainfall, and only a small amount of fresh water flows into it. And the hot weather around the Dead Sea causes the fresh water to evaporate (蒸发) quickly, which makes the salt concentration even higher. For these reasons, it is also known as the Salt Sea. If you were to swim in the Dead Sea, you wouldn’t see any sea life—no plants or animals. The high salt concentration makes it impossible for them to live there. That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea. However, don’t let the name or not having any sea life scare you. Even if you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die. The high concentration of salt in the Dead Sea allows anyone to float well, without the need for life buoys (救生圈). In fact, many people visit the Dead Sea every year on vacation. If you walk along the lakeside, you’ll likely see many people floating in the water, reading books or magazines. 37．What do we know about the Dead Sea? A．It is the largest place in Asia. B．It is the widest sea in the world. C．It is the deepest point in America. D．It is the lowest lake on Earth’s land. 38．What makes the Dead Sea so salty? A．A lot of seawater runs into it. B．Human activities improve the salt levels. C．Little rain falls and fresh water evaporates quickly. D．The high temperature stops the water from freezing. 39．Why do people call it the Dead Sea? A．Because they cannot swim in it. B．Because it has something dangerous. C．Because it has low salt concentration. D．Because no plants or animals can live in it. 40．What does the underlined word “float” probably mean? A．下沉 B．漂浮 C．潜水 D．游泳 41．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．People feel scared when swimming in the Dead Sea. B．The Dead Sea is dangerous for people who can’t swim. C．If people can’t swim, they’ll still be safe in the Dead Sea. D．A life buoy is necessary when swimming in the Dead Sea. 10 Zhangye Danxia National Geological Park (张掖丹霞国家地质公园), located in Gansu, China, is truly a natural wonder. Think about it: around 540 million years ago, this area was actually underwater! As the Earth’s plates (板块) shifted and bumped into each other, the land folded and rose up, making mountains. Over time, different kinds of rocks built up here. Red sandstone, mudstone, and other rocks piled on top of each other. Each layer took thousands of years to form, creating a colorful stack of rock. The park has super cool sights. There are cliffs that are hundreds of meters high and ridges (山脊) that seem to go on forever. The rocks have shapes that will blow your mind. Some look like tall castles, some look like animals, and one even looks like a sleeping beauty taking a nap. The most famous view is the “Seven-Color Fan”. It’s like someone used a huge paintbrush to make this amazing picture with lots of pretty colors. If you want to visit, be sure to take the park’s tour buses. They’ll take you to the best viewing places. The fourth platform is a must-see, where you can check out the amazing “Seven-Color Mountain”. The best time to come is from June to September when the weather is great. And try to visit at sunrise or sunset. That’s when the “Rainbow Mountains” show their most amazing colors, changing right in front of you! 42．How old is the geological history of Zhangye Danxia National Park? A．About 100 million years. B．Around 200 million years. C．Nearly 400 million years. D．Over 500 million years. 43．What caused the colorful rock layers in the park? A．Wind and rain erosion (侵蚀) over centuries. B．Earth’s plate movements and rock buildup. C．Human painting with natural pretty colors. D．Red sandstone piled on top of each other. 44．What is special about the “Seven-Color Fan”? A．It looks like a sleeping beauty. B．It is the highest cliff in the park. C．It has many bright and different colors. D．It was shaped like an ancient castle. 45．When is the best time to see the Rainbow Mountains’ most amazing colors? A．At sunrise or sunset. B．During midday sunshine. C．On rainy summer days. D．In winter snowy weather. 11 Do you know what the world’s highest waterfall is? You may say that it is Niagara Falls. Niagara Falls are really very beautiful, but in terms of (就……而言) height, the most fantastic Falls in the world are Angel Falls. They are deep in the jungles of Venezuela. Few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there. If you went by car. You would have to travel for weeks through jungles. If you went by plane from Caracas, a city on the southern coast, it would take about four hours. The fascinating falls are God’s gift to nature. One of the most interesting facts about Angel Falls is how they were found. They were named after an American pilot. His name was Jimmy Angel. In 1937, he crashed (坠毁) his plane near the top of the falls. That’s how he found them. Angel Falls drop nearly a kilometer (about 979m) from a table-top mountain. The water seems to be dropping straight out of the clouds. The height of the falls is so great that by the time the water reaches the ground, it has already turned into fog (雾). If you have a chance to visit them, you’ll never forget them! 46．Niagara Falls are ________. A．the longest waterfall in the world B．very dangerous C．the highest waterfall in the world D．very beautiful 47．Few people have ever seen Angel Falls, because ________. A．visitors can only get there on foot B．the tickets are very expensive C．there is no hotel or restaurant D．it is not easy to get there 48．What happens to Angel Falls’ water when reaching the ground? A．Rises to clouds. B．Remains water. C．Drops from mountain. D．Turns to fog. 49．Who found Angel Falls? A．An American pilot B．An American visitor C．A pilot from Canada D．A man in Venezuela 50．What is the best title for the passage? A．Where should we go? B．Who found Angel Falls? C．The World’s Highest Waterfall. D．Niagara Falls. 12 Amazon Rainforest(雨林) The world’s largest rainforest is in South America. It is also the most famous. The Amazon makes up half of the world’s rainforests. It has about 390,000,000 trees. The Amazon River passes through the Amazon rainforest. It runs through 8 countries, such as Brazil, Peru and so on. Search our website for more information. Congo Rainforest Welcome to come and see the real Africa. The world’s second-largest rainforest, the Congo rainforest, lies in central Africa, covering a large part of Northern Congo. The Congo River passes through this rainforest, and it is the second-largest river in the world. The Congo rainforest is the only place on earth where you can see the bonobo (倭黑猩猩 ). The bonobo is the animal most like humans. Daintree Rainforest The Daintree Rainforest in Australia is over 135 million years old, making it the oldest rainforest in the world. It is over 1,200 square kilometers and is home to many animals and plants not found anywhere else in the world. It shares the name with Richard Daintree, a famous Australian geologist (地质学家). Let’s begin the rainforest travel from Port Douglas. Southeast Asian Rainforest This rainforest is across Asia, covering Cambodia, Laos, and the Malay Peninsula. It is famous for many interesting animals living there, like the king cobra, Bengal tiger and many others. As with other rainforests, joining our tour seems to be the best way to go if you wish to visit this special rainforest. 51．How does Daintree rainforest get the name? A．From a river in the rainforest. B．From one of the rainforest animals. C．From a famous geologist. D．From an interesting plant. 52．From the tables, we learn that ________. A．Amazon Rainforest runs through 7 countries B．Congo River is the largest river in the world C．Daintree Rainforest is the youngest rainforest D．we can see Bengal tigers in Southeast Asian Rainforest 53．Who is the text written for? A．Parents. B．Nurses. C．Visitors. D．Athletes (运动员). 13 请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 The Yangtze River is more than 6,300 kilometers long. In the world, it is the third longest river after the Nile in Africa and the Amazon River in South America. However, it is the longest river in China. 54 The birthplace of the Yangtze River is the Tuotuo River in Qinghai Province. 55 Finally, it pours itself into the sea. Whenever you’d like to enjoy the YangtzeRiver, it is always so beautiful. 56 So I have been familiar with this river since I was a child. In the morning, everything goes smoothly. It’s the best time to see the Yangtze River on the bridge. 57 At noon, the sun shines brightly on the water, and it looks much nicer. In the evening, I like playing games in the Binjiang Park, by the river. 58 The colorful lights on the ships also add beauty to the Yangtze River. The Yangtze River never stops for a moment, feeding every life on the land with its long and huge body. The Yangtze River, our mother river, I am proud of you! A．Have you ever been there? B．It is the mother river of us Chinese people. C．It looks like a long huge loong (龙), truly amazing. D．I often see ships passing by on the Yangtze River. E．It runs through eleven provinces and cities, from west to east. F．I was born and grew up in Yichang, a city near the Yangtze River. 14 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺连贯，其中有两项是多余选项。 The Chinese TV show To the Wonder makes more people know about Altay. The show is based on Li Juan’s book My Altay. It tells the story of a girl called Li Wenxiu. The show is full of screens of beautiful grassland and mountains. 59 Altay is in the northern part of Xinjiang. It has many amazing high mountains, clean rivers and forests. 60 There are beautiful lakes like Kanas, White, Double and Black lakes. The Kanas River runs through some pretty valleys. 61 In spring and summer, the green trees and the white snow mountains look nice together. The flowers also add their colours. 62 In winter, it becomes a world of ice and snow. Besides, groups of animals and round tents make a nice picture of nature and people. Altay is also famous for its rich culture. It is home to different ethnic groups (少数民族). Each group has its own way of life and language. 63 Travellers can go to busy markets, try traditional food and meet friendly local people. They can also hike, camp and ski. With its amazing land, rich culture and interesting outdoor activities, Altay is a must-visit place for travellers. A．Altay has a long history. B．The number of travellers is growing. C．It makes Altay a hot sight for travellers. D．In autumn, tree leaves turn yellow and red. E．This area has different looks in different seasons. F．That is why Altay’s culture is colourful and lovely. G．One of the most famous places of Altay is the Kanas area. ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固(人教版2024) Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature阅读策略 目录 第一部分 阅读主题阐释锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 词句策略积累用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 阅读强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 阅读主题阐释 Unit 4的阅读主题“The Wonders of Nature”，聚焦自然界中令人惊叹的自然景观、自然现象及生物奇迹，核心是引导学生感知自然之美、了解自然知识，同时培养用英语描述自然、探讨自然的能力，兼顾语言学习与人文素养、科学认知的提升，让学生在阅读中感受自然的神奇，树立热爱自然、保护自然的意识。 1. 主题内涵 该主题的核心内涵是“探索自然奇迹，感知自然价值”，涵盖两个核心层面：一是自然本身的神奇之处，包括自然景观（如山川、河流、瀑布、森林）、自然现象（如日出、彩虹、雷电、极光）和生物奇迹（如奇特的动植物）；二是人与自然的关系，引导学生认识自然的奥秘，理解自然对人类的重要意义，树立尊重自然、和谐共生的理念。 2. 素养体现 结合初中英语核心素养，该主题主要体现以下四大素养：一是语言能力，学生能掌握与自然相关的词汇、句式，能读懂介绍自然奇迹的短文，能运用英语简单描述自然景观或现象；二是思维品质，通过阅读分析自然现象的成因、自然景观的特点，培养逻辑推理、归纳总结的能力；三是文化意识，了解不同国家的自然奇迹，感受不同文化中人们对自然的认知和态度，拓宽国际视野；四是学习能力，在阅读过程中运用合适的阅读策略，自主积累词汇、梳理信息，提升自主学习和合作探究的能力。 3. 策略要求 针对该主题的阅读，核心策略要求包括：一是略读策略，快速浏览短文，抓住文章主旨大意，了解文章围绕哪种自然奇迹展开、主要介绍了其哪些方面；二是查读策略，根据题干要求，快速定位文章中的关键信息（如时间、地点、特点、成因等）；三是猜词策略，结合上下文语境，猜测与自然相关的生词含义，如通过“a large amount of water falling from a high place”猜测“waterfall”的含义；四是归纳总结策略，阅读后梳理文章脉络，总结自然奇迹的特点、价值或保护意义；五是推理判断策略，根据文章已知信息，推断作者的态度、观点或未明确提及的细节。 4. 文化品质 该主题蕴含的文化品质主要体现在：一是多元文化认知，了解世界各国著名的自然奇迹（如中国的张家界、美国的大峡谷、澳大利亚的大堡礁等），感受不同地域的自然风貌和文化特色；二是自然文化认同，认识到自然奇迹是人类共同的财富，不同文化中都有尊重自然、敬畏自然的理念，培养跨文化共情能力；三是环保文化渗透，通过阅读了解自然奇迹面临的威胁（如污染、气候变化），树立全球环保意识，理解“保护自然就是保护人类自己”的共同文化共识。 ◇Part 02 词句策略积累 一、主题词汇 （1）自然景观类 wonder 奇迹；nature 自然；scenery 风景；view 景色；landscape 景观；mountain 山；hill 小山；valley 山谷；canyon 峡谷；plateau 高原；plain 平原；desert 沙漠；forest 森林；jungle 丛林；grassland 草原；river 河流；lake 湖泊；sea 大海；ocean 海洋；waterfall 瀑布；spring 泉水；stream 小溪；island 岛屿；coast 海岸；beach 沙滩；cliff 悬崖；cave 洞穴；volcano 火山；glacier 冰川 （2）自然现象类 sunrise 日出；sunset 日落；rainbow 彩虹；thunder 雷声；lightning 闪电；storm 暴风雨；snowstorm 暴风雪；wind 风；rain 雨；snow 雪；fog 雾；mist 薄雾；dew 露水；frost 霜；hail 冰雹；typhoon 台风；hurricane 飓风；tornado 龙卷风；aurora 极光；tsunami 海啸；earthquake 地震；flood 洪水 （3）自然生物类 plant 植物；tree 树；flower 花；grass 草；bush 灌木；moss 苔藓；animal 动物；bird 鸟；fish 鱼；insect 昆虫；butterfly 蝴蝶；bee 蜜蜂；deer 鹿；bear 熊；wolf 狼；eagle 鹰；dolphin 海豚；whale 鲸鱼；coral 珊瑚；marine 海洋的；wild 野生的 （4）描述性词汇 beautiful 美丽的；amazing 令人惊叹的；wonderful 奇妙的；magnificent 壮丽的；grand 宏伟的；vast 广阔的；deep 深的；high 高的；long 长的；wide 宽的；clear 清澈的；bright 明亮的；colorful 色彩斑斓的；mysterious 神秘的；powerful 有力量的；gentle 温和的；rough 汹涌的；calm 平静的；green 绿色的；blue 蓝色的 （5）动作及其他相关词汇 explore 探索；discover 发现；observe 观察；protect 保护；preserve 保护；pollute 污染；destroy 破坏；appear 出现；disappear 消失；form 形成；exist 存在；survive 生存；grow 生长；flow 流动；fall 落下；shine 照耀；blow 吹；rain 下雨；snow 下雪；travel 旅行；visit 参观 二、主题句式 （1）描述自然景观/奇迹的基本句式 1. ... is one of the most amazing natural wonders in the world. （……是世界上最令人惊叹的自然奇迹之一。） 2. Located in ..., ... is famous for its ... （位于……的……以其……而闻名。） 3. The ... is known for its beautiful scenery and mysterious charm. （……以其美丽的风景和神秘的魅力而闻名。） 4. There is a wonderful ... in the west of the country. （这个国家的西部有一个奇妙的……。） 5. ... attracts thousands of visitors from all over the world every year. （……每年吸引着成千上万来自世界各地的游客。） 6. The scenery of ... is so beautiful that it takes my breath away. （……的风景如此美丽，令人叹为观止。） 7. Standing on the top of the mountain, we can enjoy the beautiful view of the whole valley. （站在山顶，我们可以欣赏到整个山谷的美景。） 8. ... is a great place to experience the beauty of nature. （……是体验自然之美的好地方。） （2）描述自然现象的句式 9. The rainbow usually appears after the rain. （彩虹通常在雨后出现。） 10. When the sun rises in the east, the sky turns bright. （当太阳从东方升起时，天空变得明亮。） 11. Lightning is followed by thunder on a stormy day. （暴风雨天，闪电过后是雷声。） 12. The Northern Lights look like colorful curtains in the sky. （极光在天空中看起来像彩色的窗帘。） 13. It often snows heavily in the north in winter, covering the whole world in white. （北方的冬天经常下大雪，整个世界都被白雪覆盖。） 14. The wind is blowing strongly, making the trees shake. （风刮得很大，使树木摇晃。） 15. The fog is so thick that we can’t see far ahead. （雾太大了，我们看不清前方。） 16. Tsunamis are usually caused by earthquakes under the sea. （海啸通常由海底地震引起。） （3）表达观点/感受的句式 17. I think the most amazing natural wonder is ... （我认为最令人惊叹的自然奇迹是……。） 18. In my opinion, we should protect all the natural wonders around us. （在我看来，我们应该保护我们周围所有的自然奇迹。） 19. It’s hard to believe that such a wonderful place exists in the world. （很难相信世界上有这样奇妙的地方。） 20. I feel very excited when I see the beautiful natural scenery. （当我看到美丽的自然风景时，我感到非常兴奋。） 21. We are all shocked by the power of nature. （我们都被自然的力量所震撼。） 22. It’s our duty to protect nature and keep its beauty forever. （保护自然、永远保持它的美丽是我们的责任。） （4）介绍成因/特点的句式 23. ... is formed by the movement of the earth’s crust. （……是由地壳运动形成的。） 24. The main reason for ... is ... （……的主要原因是……。） 25. ... has the characteristics of being high, deep and wide. （……具有高、深、宽的特点。） 26. The water in the lake is so clear that we can see the fish swimming in it. （湖里的水非常清澈，我们可以看到鱼在里面游。） 27. This kind of plant can only grow in warm and wet places. （这种植物只能生长在温暖潮湿的地方。） 28. The forest is home to many wild animals. （这片森林是许多野生动物的家园。） （5）其他相关句式 29. If we pollute the environment, many natural wonders will disappear. （如果我们污染环境，许多自然奇迹将会消失。） 30. Let’s work together to protect the wonders of nature. （让我们一起努力保护自然奇迹。） 31. We can learn a lot about nature by reading books and traveling. （通过读书和旅行，我们可以学到很多关于自然的知识。） 32. Many scientists are working hard to explore the secrets of nature. （许多科学家正在努力探索自然的奥秘。） 巩｜固｜练｜习 根据提示完成句子 1. 大峡谷是世界上最宏伟的自然奇迹之一。（grand, natural wonder） The Grand Canyon is one of the ________________ in the world. 2. 雨后，天空中出现了一道色彩斑斓的彩虹。（rainbow, colorful） After the rain, a ________________ appeared in the sky. 3. 我们应该努力保护自然，不让它受到破坏。（protect, destroy） We should try our best to ________________ from being destroyed. 4. 张家界以其奇特的山峰和美丽的森林而闻名。（be famous for, strange） Zhangjiajie ________________ its strange mountains and beautiful forests. 5. 站在海边，我们能感受到海风的吹拂和大自然的力量。（power, nature） Standing by the sea, we can feel the sea wind blowing and ________________. 答案与解析 1. grandest natural wonders 【解析】“最宏伟的”用形容词grand的最高级grandest；“自然奇迹”是natural wonder，one of 后面接可数名词复数形式，因此用wonders。 2. colorful rainbow 【解析】“色彩斑斓的”是colorful，修饰名词rainbow（彩虹）；前面有不定冠词a，因此rainbow用单数形式。 3. protect nature 【解析】“保护自然”是protect nature，try one’s best to do sth. 后面接动词原形；“不让它受到破坏”用from being destroyed，此处it指代nature，已隐含在短语中，因此直接填protect nature即可。 4. is famous for 【解析】“以……而闻名”是固定句式be famous for；主语Zhangjiajie是单数第三人称，因此be动词用is；“奇特的”strange修饰后面的mountains，已在题干中给出，此处只需填核心短语is famous for。 5. the power of nature 【解析】“大自然的力量”是固定表达the power of nature；and连接两个并列的宾语，前面是the sea wind blowing，后面需对应名词短语，因此填the power of nature。 三、优化策略 1. 略读策略（Skimming） 快速把握文章主旨，明确文章围绕“The Wonders of Nature”主题下的具体内容（如某一自然景观、自然现象），无需逐字逐句阅读。 阅读该单元相关语篇时，首先浏览文章标题、副标题和首末段，快速判断文章核心话题——是介绍具体的自然奇迹（如大峡谷、极光），还是探讨自然与人类的关系、自然保护等。例如，阅读标题为“The Great Barrier Reef”的短文时，通过略读首段可快速得知文章主要介绍大堡礁的位置、特点及现状，节省阅读时间，为后续精读做准备。 略读时重点关注名词（如natural wonder, canyon, rainbow）和核心谓语动词（如is famous for, form, protect），忽略细节描述（如具体数字、举例补充），避免因纠结细节而影响对主旨的判断。 2. 查读策略（Scanning） 根据题干要求或具体问题，快速定位文章中的关键信息，精准找到答案，提高阅读效率。 该主题语篇中常出现“where is...”, “what is the feature of...”, “why is...important”等问题，此时可运用查读策略，带着关键词（如地名、特征词、原因词）快速浏览文章，定位相关句子。例如，题目问“Where is the Grand Canyon located?”，可直接查找文章中含“Grand Canyon”和“located”的句子，快速找到答案，无需阅读全文。 查读前需明确题干中的关键词（如专有名词、数字、形容词），定位后重点阅读关键词所在的句子及前后1-2句，确保获取准确信息，避免遗漏关键细节。 3. 猜词策略（Word Guessing） 结合上下文语境，猜测语篇中与自然主题相关的生词含义，避免因生词影响阅读连贯性，同时积累主题词汇。 该单元阅读中会出现大量自然相关的生词（如glacier, aurora, coral等），此时可通过上下文的定义、举例、因果、转折等关系猜测词义。例如，文中出现“Glaciers, which are large masses of ice, move very slowly over the land.”，通过定语从句“which are large masses of ice”可猜测“glacier”意为“冰川”；再如，“Many animals live in the jungle, such as monkeys, tigers and snakes.”，通过举例可猜测“jungle”意为“丛林”。 猜词时优先结合上下文的逻辑关系，避免孤立猜测；同时注意积累常见的词根词缀（如natural—nature, protect—protection），辅助猜测生词含义。 4. 归纳总结策略（Summarizing） 阅读完语篇后，梳理文章脉络，总结文章核心内容（如自然奇迹的特点、成因、价值或保护意义），培养逻辑思维能力。 针对该主题语篇，归纳总结时可按照“是什么（自然奇迹/现象）—有什么特点—为什么重要—我们该怎么做”的逻辑梳理。例如，阅读介绍“Northern Lights”的短文后，可总结为：The Northern Lights are a natural wonder that appears in the northern sky; they are colorful and beautiful, formed by the sun’s particles and the earth’s magnetic field; they are precious, so we should protect the environment to keep them. 这样的总结能清晰把握文章核心，也能帮助巩固主题词汇和句式。 总结时需简洁明了，突出核心信息，避免重复细节；可借助关键词（如feature, form, protect）梳理逻辑，确保总结的完整性和条理性。 5. 推理判断策略（Inferring） 根据文章已知信息，推断作者的态度、观点，或文章中未明确提及的细节，深化对文章的理解。 该主题语篇中，作者常通过描述自然奇迹的美丽和面临的威胁，隐含对自然的敬畏和对环保的呼吁。例如，文中提到“The Great Barrier Reef is being polluted, and many corals are dying.”，可推断出作者的观点是“我们应该保护大堡礁，减少污染”；再如，“Many people travel to see natural wonders, which shows people love nature.”，可推断出“自然奇迹能拉近人与自然的距离，激发人们对自然的热爱”。 推理判断时需基于文章原文，不能主观臆断；结合文章的语气、用词（如amazing, precious, dangerous），准确把握作者的情感和观点，避免过度推理。 ◇Part 03 阅读强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 1 Can you imagine a sea of sand three times bigger than India? It is the Sahara Desert (撒哈拉沙漠) , the largest desert in the world. It covers 11 countries in North Africa and is over 9 million square kilometres. That’s more than 30% of Africa. In the Sahara, temperatures are very different during the day and at night. It is much hotter during the day than at night. During the day, the hottest time is between 2 pm and 4 pm, when the temperature rises to 33℃. But it is very cold at night. The coldest time is at 4 am, when the temperature falls to -1℃. How to stay alive in the Sahara Desert? Marco Rivera, our survival expert, has some tips. First, take warm clothes and a blanket. During the day, cover your body, head and face. Clothes protect you from the sun and keep water in your body. You will also need a warm blanket at night. It can get cold very quickly. Second, try to drink some water at least once every hour. You need your water to last as long as possible. Drink only what you need. Third, try to close your mouth and not to talk. When you talk, you lose water from your body. Last, eat as little as you can, because if you eat, you will get thirsty and drink all of your water more quickly. You can live for three weeks with no food, but you can only live for three days without water. 1．The writer introduces the topic in paragraph 1by ________. A．telling stories B．listing numbers C．giving examples D．making a survey 2．新考向 [图文转换] According to paragraph 2,which of the following is TRUE? A． B． C． D． 3．What can we know from the passage? A．The Sahara Desert covers 9 countries in North Africa. B．In the Sahara Desert, you can talk and eat as usual. C．In the Sahara Desert, you don’t need a warm blanket at night. D．In the Sahara Desert, water is more important than food. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．It mainly introduces the Sahara Desert. B．It mainly introduces the area of the Sahara Desert. C．It mainly introduces the temperature of the Sahara Desert. D．It mainly introduces how to stay alive in the Sahara Desert. 2 21 March 2025 is the first World Day for Glaciers (冰川). It was announced by the United Nations, along with the International Year of Glaciers 2025. The aim is to encourage everyone to protect glaciers. They are important for sustaining life on earth now and for future generations. A glacier is made up of ice and snow that slowly flows over land. As snow continues to pile up over many years, it finally becomes a large mass of snow that starts changing into glacier ice. Throughout Earth’s history, glaciers have shaped mountains and valleys. They are still flowing and shaping landscapes in many places today. However, glaciers don’t just affect the land. When glaciers melt, they let out nutrients (营养物质) into lakes, rivers, and oceans. These nutrients can help phytoplankton, which is a tiny plant that forms the basis of aquatic food-chains (水生食物链), grow. As glaciers melt, they also provide habitats (栖息地) for plants and animals near streams. This shows that glaciers indirectly affect wildlife and fishing areas. In some areas, glaciers provide water for both people and animals. About 10 percent of the world’s land has around 200,000 glaciers, which hold about 70 percent of Earth’s fresh water, according to the UN. In the Himalayas, Karakoram, and Hindu Kush mountains, millions of people depend on the 90,000 glaciers for water. These glaciers form the headwaters (源头) of the Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra rivers. Climate change is having a severe effect on glaciers across the globe, and many glaciers have disappeared completely. For example, Colombia has seen 90 percent of its glacier area disappear since the mid-19th century, as shown in a 2025 UN report on global water development. The report also warns that with a temperature increase of 1.5 to 4 degrees Celsius, glaciers could lose between 26 to 41 percent of their mass (体量) from 2015 levels by 2100. 5．What’s the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To introduce a special day. B．To introduce the topic. C．To call on people to protect the environment. D．To give real examples. 6．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．How melting glaciers affect aquatic ecosystems. B．The economic impact of glacier tourism. C．The history of international glacier protection. D．The process of glacier formation. 7．Which region’s population heavily relies on glaciers for water supply? A．Amazon Rainforest. B．Sahara Desert. C．Himalayan Mountains. D．Antarctica. 8．新考向  What is the most likely topic the author would discuss in the following paragraph? A．Economic benefits of glacier tourism. B．Specific measures to protect glaciers globally. C．Detailed history of glacier formation. D．Survival challenges of Arctic animals. 9．Which of the following is the BEST title for the article? A．How glaciers form: from snow to flowing ice B．Climate change’s devastating impact on global glaciers C．World Day for Glaciers: a UN initiative for fresh water D．Glaciers: Earth’s vital but endangered ice 3 Our world is full of wonders, making us feel excited and curious. Let’s take a look at the following three unusual sights (景象). 1. Colorful Mammatus CloudsLook up! Sometimes after a storm, you might see strange clouds hanging in the sky. They are called mammatus clouds. These clouds look like big, soft bags hanging downward. They form when cold air falls into warm air full of tiny water drops below storm clouds. Their unusual shape makes them look like something from another planet—colorful and amazing to watch. 2. Red Rain from the SkyHave you ever heard of rain that is red? Red rain is an unusual sight where rainwater turns pink or red. People once thought it was caused by tiny red plants or special light. But now we know it’s usually from red dust (灰尘) from faraway deserts mixing with rainwater. This strange rain has been seen in a few places around the world, making it an amazing sight. 3. ______ In cold winter, some slow-moving rivers or lakes have a special surprise: ice circles. They are round pieces of ice, just like big ice plates. How do they form? Pieces of ice spin (旋转) slowly in the water, and the gentle water smooths them into perfect circles. Only when the temperature and water are just right can we see these perfect natural ice circles. 10．Which of the following is true about mammatus clouds? A．They all look white and very beautiful. B．They are like soft bags hanging down. C．They form when warm air rises into cold air. D．They are from another planet and very special. 11．What really causes red rain to be pink or red? A．Tiny red plants. B．Red clouds in the sky. C．Red dust from deserts. D．Special light from nature. 12．Which of the following could be the best title (标题) for the third passage? A．Cold Winter Rivers B．Slow-moving Plates C．Dangerous Round Ice D．Amazing Ice Circles 13．What do the three sights have in common (共同点)? A．They all happen in winter. B．They all happen in desert areas. C．They are all connected with water. D．They all need strong winds to form. 14．In which part of the newspaper can we read the passage? A．Art B．Travel C．Nature D．Culture 4 The Hutuo River is the mother river of Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei. The Hutuo River is famous for its rich history and cultural meaning. It has been important for transportation (交通) for centuries and has played an important part in the development of the area. The river has also been the subject of many poems and works of art in history. However, about 20 years ago, it was dirty and almost dried up. Thanks to the government’s work, it has become much cleaner. Wu Wenzhong, a 58-year-old villager, lives near the river. “My friends and I often played with water, swam and caught fish in it when I was a child. I liked catching fish best,” he said. He remembers that the villagers had to cross the river by boat at that time. But as time passed by, it got dirty and started to dry up. To remediate (治理) the river, the government has done a lot of things. They clean the river up and build levees (防洪堤). They plant trees, grass and flowers to green the riverside. They build up fences (防护栏) and put up “No Swimming” signs along the river to protect people. They stop factories from putting waste water into the river. They keep an eye on the river to make sure it stays clean for the fish, birds and people who live nearby. They also have a long-term plan to keep the river in good condition. Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river. It becomes a home for birds again. People can enjoy a day outdoors with the beauty of nature along the river. Wu and other villagers are happy to see the river looking good again. The Hutuo River’s story shows that when people work together to take care of nature, good things can happen. 15．How does the writer introduce the subject in Paragraph 1? A．By giving examples. B．By giving facts. C．By asking questions. D．By quoting (引用) a famous poem. 16．What was Wu Wenzhong’s favourite activity when he was a child? A．Boating. B．Swimming. C．Planting trees. D．Catching fish. 17．What do we know about today’s Hutuo River? A．Many birds live around it. B．Factories get water from it. C．It’s still in bad condition. D．Villagers can have fun swimming in it. 18．What does “keep an eye on” mean in Paragraph 4? A．see off B．watch over C．find out D．look for 19．Which question does Paragraph 4 mainly answer? A．How does the river look now? B．When do people green the riverside? C．Why is the river important? D．What actions has the government taken? 5 The Amazon Rainforest The most famous rainforest is in South America. It’s also the world’s largest. The Amazon Rainforest makes up half of the world’s rainforests. The Amazon River passes through the Amazon Rainforest. It runs through 8 countries, such as Brazil, Peru and so on. The Congo (刚果) Rainforest The world’s second-largest rainforest, the Congo Rainforest, is in central Africa. The Congo River passes through this rainforest. You can see bonobos (倭黑猩猩) in the Congo Rainforest, and it’s the only place on the earth you can see them. The Daintree Rainforest The Daintree Rainforest in Australia is one of the oldest rainforests in the world. It is over 1,200 square kilometers and is home to many animals and plants. Spring is its best season. You can stay here for a night and experience the deep rainforest and get close to nature. The Southeast Asian Rainforest This rainforest is across Asia. It is about 2.4 million square kilometers. It is famous for different kinds of interesting animals, like king cobras, Bengal tigers and many others. Joining a group seems to be the best way to go if you wish to visit this special rainforest. 20．Which of the following orders is correct according to the areas of the rainforests? a. Amazon Rainforest                         b. Daintree Rainforest c. Congo Rainforest                         d. Southeast Asian Rainforest A．a>b>c>d B．a>c>d>b C．a>d>c>b D．a>b>d>c 21．From the text, what can we learn? ①The Amazon Rainforest has about 390,000 trees. ②The Southeast Asian Rainforest is across Asia. ③The Daintree Rainforest is the youngest rainforest in the world. ④People can see bonobos in the Congo Rainforest. A．①④ B．②④ C．②③ D．③④ 22．In which part of a magazine may the text appear? A．News. B．History. C．Culture. D．Nature. 6 Tea Garden Draws Tourists The mountain village of Wugongling, in China’s Anhui Province, has become a tourist attraction because of its stepped tea garden. Starting in the 1960s, the villagers spent 13 years building steps on the mountainside so they could grow tea plants there. The village was once poor but now interests lots of tourists. The garden has a viewing platform (观赏台), walkways and a visitor center. A Worker Wanted for Antarctic Post Office The planet’s most faraway post office, Port Lockroy in Antarctica, need people to work there for five months. Tasks would include running the gift shop and counting penguins living there. There is no running water, and it is very cold all the time. The wind is often strong, and in winter, the sun doesn’t come out for many weeks. Though life there is not easy, Laurenm Elliot, who worked there in 2019, described it as “the most magical place in the world”. He said he was happy to work there. ________ A wildflower that was thought to be extinct (灭绝的) has been found, 40 years after it was last seen. It was thought to have died out after forests were cut down and made into farmland. However, scientists in the Centinela area in Ecuador (厄瓜多尔) found the flower again and are now working to protect the species. 23．In which section of the newspaper can we read the news? A．Amazing History. B．Wonderful Science. C．Meet Nature. D．Love Travelling. 24．The villagers in Wugongling built steps to ________. A．attract more tourists B．protect the environment C．plant tea on the mountainside D．make their village a beautiful place 25．From the second piece of news, we can know that ________. A．many people want to get the job B．the living condition there is difficult C．workers must stay there for at least a full year D．Laurenm Elliot had bad working experiences there 26．What would be the best title for the third piece of news? A．Wildflowers Needs Protection. B．Forests Are Made into Farmland. C．“Extinct” Wildflower Found in Ecuador. D．Scientists Work for Environmental Protection. 27．What does the above news focus on? A．Funny stories around the world. B．Wonderful scientific development. C．Environmental challenges and solutions. D．Connections between people and nature. 7 The sun sets in a field in southern England. When it rises again the following morning, that field has been changed into a huge work of art. A large part of the crops (庄稼) has been pressed into a pattern of circles, squares and other shapes. Farmers have reported finding strange circles in their fields for centuries. The earliest mention of a crop circle dates back to the 1500s. Crop circles, however, didn’t get attention until 1980. When a farmer in England discovered three circles in his field, the world first began to learn about crop circles. By the 1990s, crop circles had become something of a tourist attraction. In 1990 alone, more than 500 circles appeared in Europe. Within the next few years, there were thousands. Crop circles can come in many different shapes, changing in size. Most early crop circles were simple. But after 1990, the circles have changed. Crops can be made to look like just about anything-smiling faces, flowers or even words. People have long been wondering who or what is creating these crop circles. Possibly the most widely known idea is that crop circles are the work of visitors from other planets. Probably the most scientific opinion says that crop circles are created by vortices (旋涡). They force the air down to the ground, which presses the crops down. There is something similar which is thought to be caused by vortices. Dr. Terence Meaden, an expert, says when the dust (尘土) gets caught up in a vortex, it can appear to glow (发光), which may explain the UFO-like glowing lights many people have seen. 28．How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By giving a comparison. D．By describing a scene. 29．When did the world become interested in crop circles? A．In the 1500s. B．After 1980. C．In 1900. D．After 1990. 30．Which of the following is TRUE about crop circles in Paragraph 4? A．Early crop circles were very small in size. B．Large crop circles are usually round in shape. C．All kinds of crop circles began to appear after 1990. D．Flower-shaped crop circles were first found in the 1500s. 31．Which point do you think Dr. Terence Meaden would agree with? A．Crop circles may be man-made. B．Crop circles could be marks left by aliens. C．The UFO-like light could be caused by dust. D．Vortices are sure to create perfectly shaped crop circles. 32．Which of the following would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 8 Wetlands, the “Earth’s kidneys,” are vital for a healthy planet. They clean our water and provide homes for wildlife. But for a long time, humans saw them as useless land, filling them in for farms and cities, which caused water pollution and loss of animal homes. Thankfully, the story is changing. People now understand the importance of wetlands and are working to bring them back. A great example is the creation of wetland parks in China, like the Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou. It shows how humans and nature can live in harmony (和谐). Protecting wetlands starts with us. We can begin by learning about the wetlands near us and the life they support. A visit to a wetland park can help us see their beauty and understand their value firsthand. In our daily lives, saving water is also a powerful way to help, as using less water means more clean water can flow to these areas. Finally, sharing what we’ve learned with friends and family can spread the message of conservation further. By taking these steps, we can all be part of protecting these wonderful places. Protecting wetlands is not just about saving nature; it is about protecting our own future. 33．Why are wetlands called the “Earth’s kidneys”? A．Because they are shaped like kidneys. B．Because they are home to many animals. C．Because they are not useful to humans. D．Because they help to clean water. 34．What is the correct order of the advice given in the passage on how to protect wetlands? a. Tell others about it.                            b. Save water in daily life. c. Learn about local wetlands.                        d. Visit a wetland park. A．a c b d B．c d b a C．b a d c D．d c a b 35．What is the special part about the Xixi National Wetland Park according to the passage? A．It keeps all its birds in large cages for visitors. B．It is the largest wetland park in the world. C．It successfully balances nature protection and human enjoyment. D．It does not allow any visitors to enter in order to protect nature. 36．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To complain about how people destroyed wetlands in the past. B．To explain how to build a wetland park step by step. C．To list all the animals that can be found in Xixi Wetland Park. D．To encourage people to protect and live in harmony with wetlands. 9 When you first hear about the Dead Sea, it might sound scary, but the truth is quite different. Let’s get closer to the Dead Sea and learn more about it. The Dead Sea is located in southwest Asia. It is about 50 kilometers long and 15 kilometers wide at its widest point. It sits at about 430 meters below sea level (海平面), making it the lowest point on Earth’s land. What’s interesting is that the Dead Sea isn’t actually a sea. It’s a lake with a salt concentration (含盐度) of more than 30 percent, which is about eight times saltier than typical seawater. This makes it one of the saltiest bodies of water on Earth. The Dead Sea stays so salty because of its special natural conditions. Each year, it receives very little rainfall, and only a small amount of fresh water flows into it. And the hot weather around the Dead Sea causes the fresh water to evaporate (蒸发) quickly, which makes the salt concentration even higher. For these reasons, it is also known as the Salt Sea. If you were to swim in the Dead Sea, you wouldn’t see any sea life—no plants or animals. The high salt concentration makes it impossible for them to live there. That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea. However, don’t let the name or not having any sea life scare you. Even if you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die. The high concentration of salt in the Dead Sea allows anyone to float well, without the need for life buoys (救生圈). In fact, many people visit the Dead Sea every year on vacation. If you walk along the lakeside, you’ll likely see many people floating in the water, reading books or magazines. 37．What do we know about the Dead Sea? A．It is the largest place in Asia. B．It is the widest sea in the world. C．It is the deepest point in America. D．It is the lowest lake on Earth’s land. 38．What makes the Dead Sea so salty? A．A lot of seawater runs into it. B．Human activities improve the salt levels. C．Little rain falls and fresh water evaporates quickly. D．The high temperature stops the water from freezing. 39．Why do people call it the Dead Sea? A．Because they cannot swim in it. B．Because it has something dangerous. C．Because it has low salt concentration. D．Because no plants or animals can live in it. 40．What does the underlined word “float” probably mean? A．下沉 B．漂浮 C．潜水 D．游泳 41．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．People feel scared when swimming in the Dead Sea. B．The Dead Sea is dangerous for people who can’t swim. C．If people can’t swim, they’ll still be safe in the Dead Sea. D．A life buoy is necessary when swimming in the Dead Sea. 10 Zhangye Danxia National Geological Park (张掖丹霞国家地质公园), located in Gansu, China, is truly a natural wonder. Think about it: around 540 million years ago, this area was actually underwater! As the Earth’s plates (板块) shifted and bumped into each other, the land folded and rose up, making mountains. Over time, different kinds of rocks built up here. Red sandstone, mudstone, and other rocks piled on top of each other. Each layer took thousands of years to form, creating a colorful stack of rock. The park has super cool sights. There are cliffs that are hundreds of meters high and ridges (山脊) that seem to go on forever. The rocks have shapes that will blow your mind. Some look like tall castles, some look like animals, and one even looks like a sleeping beauty taking a nap. The most famous view is the “Seven-Color Fan”. It’s like someone used a huge paintbrush to make this amazing picture with lots of pretty colors. If you want to visit, be sure to take the park’s tour buses. They’ll take you to the best viewing places. The fourth platform is a must-see, where you can check out the amazing “Seven-Color Mountain”. The best time to come is from June to September when the weather is great. And try to visit at sunrise or sunset. That’s when the “Rainbow Mountains” show their most amazing colors, changing right in front of you! 42．How old is the geological history of Zhangye Danxia National Park? A．About 100 million years. B．Around 200 million years. C．Nearly 400 million years. D．Over 500 million years. 43．What caused the colorful rock layers in the park? A．Wind and rain erosion (侵蚀) over centuries. B．Earth’s plate movements and rock buildup. C．Human painting with natural pretty colors. D．Red sandstone piled on top of each other. 44．What is special about the “Seven-Color Fan”? A．It looks like a sleeping beauty. B．It is the highest cliff in the park. C．It has many bright and different colors. D．It was shaped like an ancient castle. 45．When is the best time to see the Rainbow Mountains’ most amazing colors? A．At sunrise or sunset. B．During midday sunshine. C．On rainy summer days. D．In winter snowy weather. 11 Do you know what the world’s highest waterfall is? You may say that it is Niagara Falls. Niagara Falls are really very beautiful, but in terms of (就……而言) height, the most fantastic Falls in the world are Angel Falls. They are deep in the jungles of Venezuela. Few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there. If you went by car. You would have to travel for weeks through jungles. If you went by plane from Caracas, a city on the southern coast, it would take about four hours. The fascinating falls are God’s gift to nature. One of the most interesting facts about Angel Falls is how they were found. They were named after an American pilot. His name was Jimmy Angel. In 1937, he crashed (坠毁) his plane near the top of the falls. That’s how he found them. Angel Falls drop nearly a kilometer (about 979m) from a table-top mountain. The water seems to be dropping straight out of the clouds. The height of the falls is so great that by the time the water reaches the ground, it has already turned into fog (雾). If you have a chance to visit them, you’ll never forget them! 46．Niagara Falls are ________. A．the longest waterfall in the world B．very dangerous C．the highest waterfall in the world D．very beautiful 47．Few people have ever seen Angel Falls, because ________. A．visitors can only get there on foot B．the tickets are very expensive C．there is no hotel or restaurant D．it is not easy to get there 48．What happens to Angel Falls’ water when reaching the ground? A．Rises to clouds. B．Remains water. C．Drops from mountain. D．Turns to fog. 49．Who found Angel Falls? A．An American pilot B．An American visitor C．A pilot from Canada D．A man in Venezuela 50．What is the best title for the passage? A．Where should we go? B．Who found Angel Falls? C．The World’s Highest Waterfall. D．Niagara Falls. 12 Amazon Rainforest(雨林) The world’s largest rainforest is in South America. It is also the most famous. The Amazon makes up half of the world’s rainforests. It has about 390,000,000 trees. The Amazon River passes through the Amazon rainforest. It runs through 8 countries, such as Brazil, Peru and so on. Search our website for more information. Congo Rainforest Welcome to come and see the real Africa. The world’s second-largest rainforest, the Congo rainforest, lies in central Africa, covering a large part of Northern Congo. The Congo River passes through this rainforest, and it is the second-largest river in the world. The Congo rainforest is the only place on earth where you can see the bonobo (倭黑猩猩 ). The bonobo is the animal most like humans. Daintree Rainforest The Daintree Rainforest in Australia is over 135 million years old, making it the oldest rainforest in the world. It is over 1,200 square kilometers and is home to many animals and plants not found anywhere else in the world. It shares the name with Richard Daintree, a famous Australian geologist (地质学家). Let’s begin the rainforest travel from Port Douglas. Southeast Asian Rainforest This rainforest is across Asia, covering Cambodia, Laos, and the Malay Peninsula. It is famous for many interesting animals living there, like the king cobra, Bengal tiger and many others. As with other rainforests, joining our tour seems to be the best way to go if you wish to visit this special rainforest. 51．How does Daintree rainforest get the name? A．From a river in the rainforest. B．From one of the rainforest animals. C．From a famous geologist. D．From an interesting plant. 52．From the tables, we learn that ________. A．Amazon Rainforest runs through 7 countries B．Congo River is the largest river in the world C．Daintree Rainforest is the youngest rainforest D．we can see Bengal tigers in Southeast Asian Rainforest 53．Who is the text written for? A．Parents. B．Nurses. C．Visitors. D．Athletes (运动员). 13 请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 The Yangtze River is more than 6,300 kilometers long. In the world, it is the third longest river after the Nile in Africa and the Amazon River in South America. However, it is the longest river in China. 54 The birthplace of the Yangtze River is the Tuotuo River in Qinghai Province. 55 Finally, it pours itself into the sea. Whenever you’d like to enjoy the YangtzeRiver, it is always so beautiful. 56 So I have been familiar with this river since I was a child. In the morning, everything goes smoothly. It’s the best time to see the Yangtze River on the bridge. 57 At noon, the sun shines brightly on the water, and it looks much nicer. In the evening, I like playing games in the Binjiang Park, by the river. 58 The colorful lights on the ships also add beauty to the Yangtze River. The Yangtze River never stops for a moment, feeding every life on the land with its long and huge body. The Yangtze River, our mother river, I am proud of you! A．Have you ever been there? B．It is the mother river of us Chinese people. C．It looks like a long huge loong (龙), truly amazing. D．I often see ships passing by on the Yangtze River. E．It runs through eleven provinces and cities, from west to east. F．I was born and grew up in Yichang, a city near the Yangtze River. 14 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺连贯，其中有两项是多余选项。 The Chinese TV show To the Wonder makes more people know about Altay. The show is based on Li Juan’s book My Altay. It tells the story of a girl called Li Wenxiu. The show is full of screens of beautiful grassland and mountains. 59 Altay is in the northern part of Xinjiang. It has many amazing high mountains, clean rivers and forests. 60 There are beautiful lakes like Kanas, White, Double and Black lakes. The Kanas River runs through some pretty valleys. 61 In spring and summer, the green trees and the white snow mountains look nice together. The flowers also add their colours. 62 In winter, it becomes a world of ice and snow. Besides, groups of animals and round tents make a nice picture of nature and people. Altay is also famous for its rich culture. It is home to different ethnic groups (少数民族). Each group has its own way of life and language. 63 Travellers can go to busy markets, try traditional food and meet friendly local people. They can also hike, camp and ski. With its amazing land, rich culture and interesting outdoor activities, Altay is a must-visit place for travellers. A．Altay has a long history. B．The number of travellers is growing. C．It makes Altay a hot sight for travellers. D．In autumn, tree leaves turn yellow and red. E．This area has different looks in different seasons. F．That is why Altay’s culture is colourful and lovely. G．One of the most famous places of Altay is the Kanas area. 参考答案 1 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的气候特点以及有关撒哈拉沙漠的四条生存法则。 1．推理判断题。根据“It covers 11 countries in North Africa and is over 9 million square kilometres. That’s more than 30% of Africa”可知，作者通过列数据来开篇。故选 B。 2．细节理解题。根据“In the Sahara, temperatures are very different during the day and at night... But it is very cold at night. The coldest time is at 4 am, when the temperature falls to -1℃”可知，在撒哈拉沙漠中，下午2点到4点，是最热的时间，温度高达33摄氏度。但在晚上，最冷的时间是在凌晨4点，温度降到了零下1摄氏度。因此选项C是正确的。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“You can live for three weeks with no food, but you can only live for three days without water”可知，在撒哈拉沙漠，水比食物更重要。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的气候特点以及有关撒哈拉沙漠的四条生存法则，即主要介绍了撒哈拉沙漠。故选A。 2 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 【解析】本文是说明文，主要介绍了冰川的形成、对地球生态和人类的重要作用，以及气候变化对冰川的严重影响，呼吁人们保护冰川。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段“21 March 2025 is the first World Day for Glaciers ... The aim is to encourage everyone to protect glaciers. They are important for sustaining life on earth now and for future generations.”可知，第一段通过介绍首个世界冰川日，引出冰川保护这一核心话题。故选B。 6．主旨大意题。第三段主要讲述了冰川融化时会向水体释放营养物质，促进浮游植物生长，同时为动植物提供栖息地，间接影响野生生物和渔业区域，核心是冰川融化对水生生态系统的影响。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据第四段“In the Himalayas, Karakoram, and Hindu Kush mountains, millions of people depend on the 90,000 glaciers for water.”可知，喜马拉雅山脉地区的人口严重依赖冰川供水。故选C。 8．推理判断题。文章前文介绍了冰川的重要性，最后一段重点阐述了气候变化对冰川的严重破坏，按照逻辑，接下来最可能讨论全球保护冰川的具体措施，以呼应开篇“鼓励大家保护冰川”的目的。故选B。 9．最佳标题题。文章全面介绍了冰川的形成、对地球生命的关键作用，以及其在气候变化下的濒危现状，既体现了冰川的“vital（至关重要）”，也点明了其“endangered（濒危）”的处境。故选D。 3 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．C 14．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了三种不寻常的景象，包括彩色乳状云、天空降下的红雨以及神奇的冰圈，展现了自然世界的奇妙与神秘，激发人们的兴奋与好奇。 10．细节理解题。根据“These clouds look like big, soft bags hanging downward.”可知，乳状云看起来像向下悬挂的大而柔软的袋子。故选B。 11．细节理解题。根据“But now we know it’s usually from red dust (灰尘) from faraway deserts mixing with rainwater.”可知，红雨通常是来自遥远沙漠的红尘与雨水混合形成的，所以是沙漠中的红尘使红雨呈现粉红色或红色。故选C。 12．最佳标题题。根据“In cold winter, some slow - moving rivers or lakes have a special surprise: ice circles. They are round pieces of ice, just like big ice plates.”以及通读第三段内容可知，第三段主要介绍了神奇的冰圈，所以“Amazing Ice Circles”可作为最佳标题。故选D。 13．推理判断题。根据“They form when cold air falls into warm air full of tiny water drops below storm clouds.”可知，乳状云的形成与水有关；根据“But now we know it’s usually from red dust (灰尘) from faraway deserts mixing with rainwater.”可知，红雨的形成与水有关；根据“How do they form? Pieces of ice spin (旋转) slowly in the water, and the gentle water smooths them into perfect circles.”可知，冰圈的形成也与水有关。由此可推断，这三种景象的共同点是它们都与水有关。故选C。 14．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了三种不寻常的自然景象，所以最有可能在报纸的“自然”版块读到这篇文章。故选C。 4 15．B 16．D 17．A 18．B 19．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了滹沱河的历史、文化意义以及政府对其治理的成效。 15．推理判断题。通读第一段可知，此段介绍了滹沱河的历史、文化意义、交通作用等，由此可知作者通过列举事实引入主题。故选B。 16．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“I liked catching fish best”可知，Wu Wenzhong小时候最喜欢的活动是抓鱼。故选D。 17．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Now, there are more than 20 kinds of birds living around the river.”可知，如今的滹沱河周围有许多鸟类栖息。故选A。 18．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“They keep an eye on the river to make sure it stays clean for the fish, birds and people who live nearby.”可知，他们监视着这条河流，以确保它能保持清澈，从而为鱼儿、鸟类以及附近居民提供良好的生存环境，“keep an eye on”意为“监视、照看”，与“watch over”同义。故选B。 19．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“To remediate the river, the government has done a lot of things...”可知，本段主要回答“政府采取了哪些行动治理河流”。故选D。 5 20．B 21．B 22．D 【解析】本文介绍了亚马逊、刚果、丹翠和东南亚四座热带雨林的位置、面积、特色等基本信息。 20．细节理解题。根据“The most famous rainforest is in South America. It’s also the world’s largest.” “The world’s second-largest rainforest, the Congo Rainforest” “It is about 2.4 million square kilometers.” “It is over 1,200 square kilometers”可知，雨林面积从大到小为亚马逊、刚果、东南亚、丹翠，对应a>c>d>b，故选B。 21．细节理解题。根据“The Southeast Asian Rainforest This rainforest is across Asia”和“You can see bonobos (倭黑猩猩) in the Congo Rainforest”可知，东南亚雨林横跨亚洲（②正确）、刚果雨林是地球上唯一能看到倭黑猩猩的地方（④正确），故选B。 22．推理判断题。根据全文介绍四座热带雨林的位置、生物等自然相关内容可知，文章可能出现在杂志的自然板块，故选D。 6 23．C 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．D 【解析】本文是一篇应用文，通过三则新闻分别介绍了安徽蜈蚣岭茶园 (因梯田茶园成旅游景点)、南极邮局招工 (条件艰苦但体验独特)、厄瓜多尔濒危野花重现 (已开展保护)，聚焦人与自然界的关联。 23．细节理解题。根据三篇新闻分别涉及茶园 (自然景观)、南极邮局 (自然环境)、濒危野花 (自然物种) 可知，这些内容与自然相关。选项C“Meet Nature”与之匹配。故选C。 24．细节理解题。根据“the villagers spent 13 years building steps on the mountainside so they could grow tea plants there”可知，蜈蚣岭村民修台阶是为了在山坡上种茶树。选项C与之匹配。故选C。 25．细节理解题。根据“There is no running water, and it is very cold all the time. The wind is often strong...”可知，南极邮局的生活条件很艰苦。选项B与之匹配。故选B。 26．细节理解题。根据“A wildflower that was thought to be extinct has been found...scientists in the Centinela area in Ecuador found the flower again”可知，第三则新闻核心是“被认为灭绝的野花在厄瓜多尔被发现”。选项C与之匹配。故选C。 27．主旨理解题。根据三篇新闻 (茶园与人类生活、南极邮局与自然环境、野花保护与人类行动) 可知，内容聚焦人与自然界的关联。选项D与之匹配。故选D。 7 28．D 29．B 30．C 31．C 32．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了麦田怪圈的相关信息。 28．推理判断题。根据“The sun sets in a field in southern England. When it rises again the following morning, that field has been changed into a huge work of art. A large part of the crops (庄稼) has been pressed into a pattern of circles, squares and other shapes.”可知，此段描述了麦田怪圈形成的场景，故作者通过描述一个场景来引出文章的话题。故选D。 29．细节理解题。根据“The earliest mention of a crop circle dates back to the 1500s. Crop circles, however, didn’t get attention until 1980.”可知，直到1980年人们才开始对麦田怪圈感兴趣。故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据“But after 1990, the circles have changed. Crops can be made to look like just about anything-smiling faces, flowers or even words.”可知，1990年以后，各种各样的麦田怪圈开始出现。故选C。 31．细节理解题。根据“Dr. Terence Meaden, an expert, says when the dust (尘土) gets caught up in a vortex, it can appear to glow (发光), which may explain the UFO-like glowing lights many people have seen.”可知，Meaden博士认为类似不明飞行物的光可能是灰尘引起的。故选C。 32．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总领全文，通过描述现象引出下文对麦田怪圈的介绍；第二段和第三段介绍了麦田怪圈的发展；第四段介绍了麦田怪圈的形状；第五段和第六段介绍了麦田怪圈的形成原理，故结构为①/②③/④/⑤⑥。故选A。 8 33．D 34．B 35．C 36．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了湿地的重要性、人类对湿地的破坏以及如何保护湿地，并以中国西溪国家湿地公园为例说明人与自然和谐共处的可能性。 33．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Wetlands, the ‘Earth’s kidneys,’ are vital for a healthy planet. They clean our water...”可知，湿地被称为“地球的肾脏”是因为它们能净化水源。故选D。 34．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“We can begin by learning about the wetlands near us and the life they support.”可知，首先是了解我们附近的湿地（对应c）；根据“A visit to a wetland park can help us see their beauty and understand their value firsthand.”可知，然后是参观湿地公园（对应d）；根据“In our daily lives, saving water is also a powerful way to help”可知，接下来是节约用水（对应b）；根据“ Finally, sharing what we’ve learned with friends and family can spread the message of conservation further.”可知，最后是分享我们所学的知识（对应a）。因此正确顺序为cdba。故选B。 35．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“ A great example is the creation of wetland parks in China, like the Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou. It shows how humans and nature can live in harmony (和谐).”可知，西溪湿地公园的特殊之处在于它展示了人与自然如何和谐相处。故选C。 36．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段“Protecting wetlands is not just about saving nature; it is about protecting our own future”可知，作者的写作目的是鼓励人们保护湿地并与自然和谐共处。故选D。 9 37．D 38．C 39．D 40．B 41．C 【解析】本文介绍了死海（Dead Sea）的地理特征和独特之处。 37．细节理解题。根据第二段“It sits at about 430 meters below sea level… making it the lowest point on Earth’s land”以及“It’s a lake with a salt concentration…”可知，死海是地球陆地最低点，且第三段明确提到它是“a lake”，故选D。 38．细节理解题。根据第四段“it receives very little rainfall… fresh water evaporates quickly”可知，降水少、淡水蒸发快导致盐分浓缩，故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据第五段“The high salt concentration makes it impossible for them to live there. That’s actually why it’s called the Dead Sea”可知，高盐浓度使得动植物无法在那里生存。这就是为什么它被称为死海的原因。故选D。 40．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“without the need for life buoys”和“people floating in the water, reading books”可知，高盐度使人无需救生圈即可“漂浮”，故选B。 41．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even if you fall into the Dead Sea and can’t swim, you won’t die… allows anyone to float well”可推断，即使不会游泳，因浮力大仍安全，故选C。 10 42．D 43．B 44．C 45．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国甘肃张掖丹霞国家地质公园的地质历史、地貌特征以及最佳游览时间和方式。 42．细节理解题。根据“Think about it: around 540 million years ago, this area was actually underwater!”可知，张掖丹霞国家地质公园的地质历史可追溯至约5.4亿年前。故选D。 43．细节理解题。根据“As the Earth’s plates (板块) shifted and bumped into each other, the land folded and rose up, making mountains. Over time, different kinds of rocks built up here. Red sandstone, mudstone, and other rocks piled on top of each other. Each layer took thousands of years to form, creating a colorful stack of rock.”可知，彩色岩层的形成是由于板块运动和岩石堆积。故选B。 44．细节理解题。根据“The most famous view is the “Seven-Color Fan”. It’s like someone used a huge paintbrush to make this amazing picture with lots of pretty colors.”可知，“七彩扇”的特点是拥有多种鲜艳的颜色。故选C。 45．细节理解题。根据“The best time to come is from June to September when the weather is great. And try to visit at sunrise or sunset. That’s when the “Rainbow Mountains” show their most amazing colors, changing right in front of you!”可知，观赏“彩虹山”的最佳时间是日出或日落时分。故选A。 11 46．D 47．D 48．D 49．A 50．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了世界上最高的瀑布——天使瀑布的位置、得名缘由等信息。 46．细节理解题。根据“Niagara Falls are really very beautiful”可知，尼亚加拉大瀑布非常漂亮。故选D。 47．细节理解题。根据“Few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there.”可知，很少有人见过天使瀑布，因为很难到达那里。故选D。 48．细节理解题。根据“The height of the falls is so great that by the time the water reaches the ground, it has already turned into fog (雾).”可知，天使瀑布的水到达地面就变成了雾。故选D。 49．细节理解题。根据“They were named after an American pilot. His name was Jimmy Angel. In 1937, he crashed (坠毁) his plane near the top of the falls. That’s how he found them.”可知，一位名叫吉米·安吉尔的美国飞行员发现了天使瀑布。故选A。 50．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了世界上最高的瀑布——天使瀑布的位置、得名缘由等信息。故选C。 12 51．C 52．D 53．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了世界上几个著名的雨林，包括亚马逊雨林、刚果雨林、丹翠雨林和东南亚雨林。 51．细节理解题。根据“It shares the name with Richard Daintree, a famous Australian geologist (地质学家).”可知，丹翠雨林的名字来源于澳大利亚著名地质学家Richard Daintree。故选C。 52．细节理解题。根据“It is famous for many interesting animals living there, like the king cobra, Bengal tiger and many others.”可知，东南亚雨林是孟加拉虎的栖息地之一。故选D。 53．推理判断题。根据“Search our website for more information…Welcome to come and see the real Africa…Let’s begin the rainforest travel from Port Douglas…joining our tour seems to be the best way to go if you wish to visit this special rainforest.”可知，文章的目标读者是游客，鼓励他们通过网站或旅游团了解并参观这些雨林。故选C。 13 54．B 55．E 56．F 57．C 58．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国的母亲河——长江。 54．根据上文“However, it is the longest river in China.”可知，长江是中国最长的河流，此处应是说明长江在中国的地位。选项B“它是我们中国人的母亲河。”符合语境。故选B。 55．根据上文“The birthplace of the Yangtze River is the Tuotuo River in Qinghai Province.”和下文“Finally, it pours itself into the sea.”可知，此处应是介绍长江的流经之地。选项E“它，自西向东，贯穿11个省市。”符合语境。故选E。 56．根据下文“So I have been familiar with this river since I was a child.”可知，作者从小就对长江这条河流非常熟悉，此处应是说明从小就熟悉的原因。选项F“我出生并成长于宜昌，长江附近的一个城市。”符合语境。故选F。 57．根据上文“It’s the best time to see the Yangtze River on the bridge.”可知，此处应是介绍从桥上看长江的场景。选项C“它看起来像一条长长的巨龙，真的令人赞叹。”符合语境。故选C。 58．根据下文“The colorful lights on the ships also add beauty to the Yangtze River.”可知，船只上的彩灯也为长江增添了美丽，说明此处提到了长江上的船只。选项D“我经常看到长江上有船只经过。”符合语境。故选D。 14 59．C 60．G 61．E 62．D 63．F 【解析】本文介绍了新疆美丽的旅游之地——阿勒泰。 59．根据上文“The show is based on Li Juan’s book My Altay. It tells the story of a girl called Li Wenxiu. The show is full of screens of beautiful grassland and mountains.”可知，《我的阿勒泰》一书描写的阿勒泰的美丽景色吸引了大量的游客。选项C“这让阿勒泰成为游客的一大热门景点。”符合语境。故选C。 60．根据下文“There are beautiful lakes like Kanas, White, Double and Black lakes. The Kanas River runs through some pretty valleys.”可知，此处介绍了与喀纳斯相关的地方。选项G“阿勒泰最著名的其中一个地方是喀纳斯地区。”符合语境。故选G。 61．根据下文“In spring and summer, the green trees and the white snow mountains look nice together. The flowers also add their colours.…In winter, it becomes a world of ice and snow.”可知，这一段主要介绍了阿勒泰的四季风景。选项E“这个地区在不同的季节景色各异。”符合语境。故选E。 62．根据上文和下文“In spring and summer, the green trees and the white snow mountains look nice together. The flowers also add their colours.…In winter, it becomes a world of ice and snow.”可知，介绍了春天、夏天和冬天的景色，此处应是介绍与秋天相关的。选项D“秋天，树叶变成黄色和红色的。”符合语境。故选D。 63．根据上文“Altay is also famous for its rich culture. It is home to different ethnic groups (少数民族). Each group has its own way of life and language.”可知，阿勒泰因其丰富的文化而著名，那里的少数民族多，且各有其生活方式和语言。选项F“这就是阿勒泰文化如此多彩可爱的原因了。”符合语境。故选F。 ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $