2026年广东广州市中考英语复习课件.专题九 构 词 法

专题九　构　词　法 英 语 英 语 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Mr Li is strict about our studies, but he always ___________(courage/encourages) us and gives us support. (7BU1) 温故知新：名词courage加上表示“使某人处于……状态、条件或地点等”的前缀en­，变为动词encourage。 2. There's no gravity in space, so we'll all be able to float around in the _________(ship/spaceship). (7AU5) 温故知新：spaceship是由两个简单名词space和ship合成的新词。 encourages spaceship 英 语 ( )1. I jumped back and ________ went deeper, with my eyes open. (2025年广州语法选择) A. quick B. quicker C. quickness D. quickly D 点拨：考查副词。修饰动词went需用副词。quick adj. 快的；quicker adj. 更快的；quickness n. 机智，机敏。 英 语 ( )2. When you upcycle an object, you are probably doing something different. You can simply refashion it. For example, you might make a bag out of an old T­shirt. (2024年广州阅读理解D篇) What does the underlined word “refashion” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Break down useless things. B. Collect used things. C. Create things out of old ones. D. Come up with good ideas. C 英 语 点拨：词义猜测题。由画线词所在句的下一句“例如，你可以用一件旧T恤做一个包”可推知，此处表示当你升级改造一个物品时，你可能在做一些不同的事情。你可以简单地重新塑造它。此外，fashion作动词时意为“制作；塑造”，增加表示“重新；再次”的前缀re­变化为动词refashion。 英 语 由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词，这种构词法叫作合成法。 英 语 英 语 在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀构成新词，这种构词法叫作派生法。 1. 常考前缀。 (1)表否定。 英 语 (2)表程度。 (3)其他。 英 语 2. 常考后缀。 (1)名词后缀。 英 语 英 语 英 语 (2)形容词后缀。 英 语 英 语 (3)副词后缀。 英 语 一个单词由一种词类转换为另一种词类，这种构词法叫作转化法。 英 语 缩写和简写(亦称为截断法、缩短法)可采用截头、去尾、截头又去尾、混成法、拼缀法和首字母缩略法。 英 语 国家、重要组织机构名称缩写(*表示2022年版课标单词) *UN (United Nations)联合国 WWW (World Wide Web)万维网 *CPC (Communist Party of China)中国共产党 *WTO (World Trade Organization)世界贸易组织 *PLA (People's Liberation Army of China)中国人民解放军 *WHO (World Health Organization)世界卫生组织 *PRC (People's Republic of China)中华人民共和国 BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation)英国广播公司 WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature/World Wildlife Fund) 世界自然基金会 *UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)联合国教科文组织 英 语 一、语法巩固。 1. Although Angela was not prepared, she seemed _______ (relaxed/relaxing) and did really well.(9AU5) ( )2. There was a storm yesterday. _______ , most of the flowers in my garden are still alive. A. Clearly B. Luckily C. Suddenly D. Finally relaxed B 英 语 ( )3. Day by day, I learnt to _________ people, and they made friends with me too. A. truly B. truth C. trust D. true C 英 语 worried/ worry 二、微语境练。每空一词，用单词的适当形式填空。 worry　nothing　ask　bad　reason　 A long time ago, in a rich country, there lived an unhappy king. He slept 1. ______ and didn't feel like eating. His face was always as pale as chalk. He often cried for no 2. ______. This made the queen and his people 3. _________ _______. One day, a doctor was 4. _____ to examine (诊察) the king. But the doctor found 5. _______ wrong with his body. It was all in his mind. Neither medicine nor rest could help him. badly reason asked nothing 英 语 一、构词法在语法选择中的运用。 分析广州近5年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，有些选项的单词也涉及对构词法的考查。针对该考点，学生需熟记不同词性的前后缀，先判断选项中单词的词性，再根据句子意思和成分，判断所需的词性。 英 语 Tom saw an advertisement in a newspaper of a beautiful modern bicycle. So he went to a shop and asked about it. The shop owner was very 1. ______ to show one to Tom. “There isn't a lamp on the bicycle, but there is one in your advertisement，” Tom said. “Yes, Sir，” answered the shop owner. “But the lamp isn't included in the price of the bicycle.” ( )1. A. happy B. happier C. happiness D. happily A happy 英 语 “If the lamp is in the advertisement, it should be included in the price，” Tom said 2. _______. “Well, Sir，” answered the shop owner, “There is also a girl on the bicycle in the advertisement, but we cannot give you a girl.” ( )2. A. anger B. angry C. angrier D. angrily D angrily 英 语 二、构词法在阅读理解中的运用。 分析广州近5年中考真题可知，在阅读理解中，有许多单词是通过合成法或派生法构成的。同时，阅读理解的词义猜测题也涉及对构词法的考查，学生可利用构词法和上下文推断法，推测出单词的中文意思。 英 语 Research has shown that people who have enough sleep look more attractive(有魅力的). People will prefer to make friends with people who have enough sleep. The strangers are good at judging whether the person they are looking at is tired. If he looks sleepy, his attractiveness scores will be low. The strangers also say they don't want to socialize with the tired people. The researchers say this is natural for people. An unhealthy­looking face makes people run away. 英 语 ( )What does the underlined word “socialize” mean in the paragraph? A. Compare. B. Argue. C. Communicate. 　　 D. Agree. C 英 语 语法选择。 Martin Luther King Jr. was a great person in America. 1. ______ he was still a boy, Martin learnt an unfair thing. The black Americans 2. ___________ differently from most of their fellow Americans. Many could not attend good schools, get good jobs, or live in nice houses because 3. ______ skin was black. Martin knew 4. ______ this was wrong in a free country. He wanted to help his black brothers and sisters, 5. ____ he went to college and later became a minister(牧师). ( )1. A. When B. If C. Unless D. Until ( )2. A. treated B. was treating C. was treated D. were treated ( )3. A. they B. them C. their D. themselves ( )4. A. what B. why C. which D. that ( )5. A. or B. but C. and D. so A D C D D When were treated their that so 英 语 Martin 6. _______ believed that people should love their neighbours as themselves. In 1947, Martin was a minister in Montgomery, Alabama. His “peaceful fight” first began there. He was 7. ______ a great speaker. His speech “I Have a Dream” is regarded as 8. ______ important event in American history. ( )6. A. strong B. strongly C. most strongly D. more strongly ( )7. A. either B. too C. also D. neither ( )8. A. a B. an C. the D. / B C B strongly also an 英 语 In his speech, he 9. __________ the dream for white and black Americans to walk hand in hand as brothers. He said that all Americans 10. ______ be judged by their characters rather than the colours of their skin. Martin worked for equality(平等) in 11. ______ cities too. He knew that the only way people could win their rights was to remain 12. ________ , even in face of danger. ( )9. A. expressed B. express C. expresses D. will express ( )10. A. could B. may C. should D. might ( )11. A. other B. others C. another D. the other ( )12. A. fight B. fighting C. to fight D. fought A C A B expressed should other fighting 英 语 Martin won the Nobel Prize in 1964 for his achievements and courage. However, something terrible happened 13. ______ 4 April 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee. Martin was shot. The man who fought for peace left his people unexpectedly. The whole nation felt 14. ______ about it. But many Americans are still trying their best 15. ________ that dream come true. Martin's dream can never die. ( )13. A. in B. at C. on D. for ( )14. A. sad B. sadly C. sadness D. sadder ( )15. A. make B. makes C. making D. to make C A D on sad to make 英 语 $