专题11 完形填空：逻辑衔接与词义辨析（培优讲义）（全国通用）2026年中考英语二轮复习高效培优系列

专题11 完形填空：逻辑衔接与词义辨析 目 录 第一部分 考情精析 锁定靶心 高效备考 第二部分 重难考点深解 深度溯源 扫清盲区 【考点01】利用逻辑关系解题 【考点02】利用上下文信息解题 【考点03】利用语法知识解题 【考点04】利用固定搭配解题 【考点05】利用词义辨析解题 【考点06】根据情感态度解题 第三部分 解题思维优化 典例精析+方法提炼+变式巩固 核心考向聚焦 词义辨析是考查核心，在各地中考完形填空中占比最高，重点考查动词、形容词、副词、名词等近义 / 易混词在语境中的精准辨析。固定搭配紧随其后，是快速解题的关键得分点。语法基础（时态、主谓一致、非谓语、介词、代词）为辅，多在语篇中综合考查，侧重语法规则在真实语境中的应用，单纯语法辨析题占比逐步降低。 关键能力与思维瓶颈 关键能力：熟练掌握近义词语境辨析能力，能结合上下文逻辑、情感色彩、搭配习惯区分易混词汇（如 say/speak/tell/talk、borrow/lend/keep）。熟记中考高频固定搭配（动词短语、介词短语、非谓语搭配等），实现快速匹配答案。掌握语法基础规则，能结合时间标志、上下文语境判断时态、主谓一致、非谓语形式等语法考点。准确辨析介词、代词、连词的用法，理清句子间逻辑关系（并列、转折、因果、选择等）。 培优瓶颈：受中文思维干扰，忽略英语名词可数性、动词固定搭配的特殊用法，导致词义辨析和固定搭配题失分。语法知识碎片化，未形成 “语境 + 语法” 的综合判断思维，在时态、非谓语等综合考点中易出错。对近义词语境应用掌握不扎实，仅记忆词义，忽略语境限制，导致辨析失误。 命题前瞻与备考策略 预测：2026 年中考完形填空将继续以语篇应用为核心，弱化单纯语法考查，强化词义辨析、固定搭配在真实情境中的灵活考查。近义词语境辨析仍是重点，侧重考查动词、形容词、副词的语境适配性；固定搭配考查更贴合日常学习、生活、校园等真实语篇。语法考点多与语境结合，如时态结合时间标志、非谓语结合固定动词搭配、介词结合固定短语，综合考查比例提升。 策略： 1.专项突破词义辨析：分类整理近义词语（动词、形容词、副词、名词），结合真题语篇练习语境判断，总结辨析技巧，放弃孤立记忆。 2.夯实固定搭配：专项背诵中考高频固定搭配（动词短语、介词短语、非谓语搭配），结合完形真题强化应用，做到 “见搭配即选答案”。 3.强化语法语境应用：针对时态、主谓一致、非谓语、介词等语法考点，结合语篇进行专项训练，建立 “找标志 + 判语境 + 选答案” 的解题思维。 4.紧扣真题训练：以近 3 年各地中考完形真题为核心，分析命题规律，总结高频考点和易错点，针对性突破薄弱环节。 ◇考点 01 利用逻辑关系解题 在解答完形填空的过程中，同学们可以根据确切、具体的线索，将答案的逻辑意义推导出来，在答案中寻找体现了相同逻辑意义的选项。 单个句子中或者句子与句子之间都可能存在逻辑关系，它们往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来体现。 在平时的练习过程中，同学们除了要锻炼逻辑推理和判断能力，还要对常用的和易混淆的衔接词进行积累。 表原因：thanks to, result from, since, on account of/that 表结果：as a result, thus 表转折：but, yet, anyway,however 表补充：also, besides,further, moreover, additionally 【例】With his blanket and toys, Remy went to meet Madu. It was love at first sight. Soon Remy climbed on Madu's back. Remy watched Madu. Madu taught Remy what to eat, ___ she also showed him how to hang and climb. Remy learned how to be an orangutan. A.and    B.but  C.or   D.so 答案：A解析:根据文中的“Remy watched Madu. Madu taught Remy what to eat和“she also showed him how to hang and climb.”可知两句之间是并列关系，故选“and”。 （25-26九年级上·河北衡水·月考）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A few weeks ago, we had a lesson given by our classmate Wu Ruijie. She talked about some of her experiences about some culture shocks (文化冲击) in America. The lesson was 1 . We were all interested in it and listened carefully. Here is one story. One day, she talked to a Chinese friend on her mobile phone on the New York subway. A black woman stood beside her. She used a Chinese word quite a lot when talking to her friend. Its 2 was similar to the rude word “negro” (黑鬼). So the woman glared at (盯着) her 3 . Ms. Tang also shared an experience. It happened when she was in Australia. It was a sunny day. She walked on the street with a(n) 4 . She wanted to protect herself from the sunlight. A man behind her asked, “Is it raining?” In Australia, people don’t use umbrellas on sunny days. So the man thought it was 5 . We can see cultural differences between countries from the two stories. How should we 6 the differences? Here are some 7 . First, respect everyone everywhere. Second, learn about the 8 culture before going there. Third, explain 9 we make mistakes. Finally, always be kind. In a word, cultural differences are not a big problem. Just 10 others kindly. Pay attention to learning about other countries’ cultures. 1．A．cheap B．lively C．private D．awful 2．A．background B．request C．pronunciation D．grammar 3．A．widely B．sadly C．politely D．angrily 4．A．umbrella B．lock C．coat D．license 5．A．helpful B．strange C．dangerous D．painful 6．A．deal with B．write down C．stick to D．look up 7．A．positions B．suggestions C．purposes D．trades 8．A．sudden B．daily C．Australian D．local 9．A．if B．because C．so D．but 10．A．introduce B．hug C．treat D．doubt ◇考点 02 利用上下文信息解题 根据上下文的语境来判断选项是完形填空中最常用的解题方法，也是其他方式的基础。 当发现所给的每一个选项从语法上看都没有问题时，就可以考虑前后照应，仔细阅读空缺处的前后句进行选择，有时候相互照应的内容之间距离较远，需要通读全文。 【例】Remy's mother got sick before he was born. She could not ____Remy. So he needed a foster mother to take care of him. A.look after   B.look at   C.look for   D.look like 答案:A解析: 根据文中的“Remy's mother got sick before he was born. She could not... Remy. So he needed a foster mother to take care of him”可知Rem的妈妈在他出生前生病了，所以无法照顾他，只好给他找个养母来照顾他，故选“look after”。 （2024·海南·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 On Tuesday, China successfully sent three astronauts to its space station. The astronauts flew in a rocket 1 Shenzhou-16. This is the first time in history that a regular person from China has gone to space. It’s really 2 ! The rocket took off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre, 3 the astronauts spent over six hours flying to reach the space station’s core module, Tianhe. 4 went smoothly, and the astronauts are now in good condition. Many workers from the space program and kids were there to see the historic launch. The kids cheered and 5 Chinese flags. As the rocket launched into the sky, people shouted “wow” 6 to wish the astronauts good luck. The crew has Commander Jing Haipeng, Engineer Zhu Yangzhu and Professor Gui Haichao, who is from Beihang University, is the first 7 person from China to go to space. The astronauts will do many experiments there, and the space station was stocked with water, clothes, food, and fuel earlier this month. China is the 8 country in the world to send humans into space. The US and Russia had sent humans into space before. China is making its “space dream” 9 . They have plans to build a base on the 10 by 2030. Lin from CMSA said, “The main goal is to have Chinese astronauts land on the moon and do experiments there.” 1．A．called B．took C．produced 2．A．boring B．relaxing C．exciting 3．A．or B．but C．and 4．A．Something B．Everything C．Anything 5．A．waved B．had C．protected 6．A．politely B．exactly C．loudly 7．A．regular B．humorous C．special 8．A．first B．second C．third 9．A．come true B．come out C．come back 10．A．earth B．moon C．sun ◇考点 03 利用语法知识解题 虽然完形填空以语境考查为主，但仍有部分考查语法知识的题目，同学们可利用平时积累的语法知识解题。 在复习语法的过程中，尤其需要关注出现频率较高的几类词，如：动词、介词、代词、连词、形容词、副词。 解答完形填空时，动词的选用需要注意词义和惯用搭配，区分近义词的用法搭配；介词的选用需要注意与其他词汇的固定搭配；名词选用需要注意词性和单复数形式等。 利用语法知识解题时，可以考虑择优解题，将各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在语法上又没有语病的答案。 【例】 One day, my friend and I were riding our bikes in a park. My mother knew I had just learned how to ride for a short time, so she asked me to wear some safety equipment. "No. I won't wear____!" A.it   B.itself   C.them   D.themselves 答案 :A 解析:句中代词替代的应是上文中的 equipment，这是不可数名词，所以没有复数形式，故选“it”。 （2026·四川广元·一模）Jiao Hongxiu, a woman of Miao ethnicity (苗族), mixes the Miao embroidery culture (苗绣文化) with modern 1 in her artworks. These artworks show the life of the Miao people 2 the beauty of the Miao embroidery. Jiao Hongxiu is 39 years old. She grew up 3 Luomian Village, Guizhou Province. Watching her mother sew (缝) clothes from a young age, she had a strong 4 in Miao embroidery. Jiao kept on looking for bigger platforms to let more people 5 the Miao embroidery, Over the past ten years, Jiao has 6 many ethnic villages, run a cultural store and set up her own company. She has also 7 many people how to make Miao embroidery. She has trained over 700 people by 8 so far. In her office, Miao embroidery is 9 as decorations (装饰品) for ethnic clothing or some everyday goods. “As well as teaching skills, I wish to bring 10 designs and ideas to people. While passing down Miao embroidery, we can also better embrace fashion.” said Jiao. 1．A．tricks B．ideas C．laboratories D．endings 2．A．before B．because C．though D．and 3．A．under B．on C．in D．from 4．A．skill B．direction C．mistake D．interest 5．A．set out B．side by side C．know about D．talk back 6．A．killed B．visited C．treated D．picked 7．A．hated B．set C．taught D．saved 8．A．yourself B．himself C．myself D．herself 9．A．used B．searched C．moved D．brought 10．A．hard B．new C．strange D．similar ◇考点 04 利用固定搭配解题 固定搭配包括一些常见短语，如：see a film、make a deal、by the way 等，以及一些常见句式，如：It feels+形容词+不定式等。 在复习过程中，同学们需要注意区分形似而义不同的固定搭配，如：look for, look out, look after 等。还需要注意形不同但意义相近的词汇，如：pay、cost、take 都有花费的含义。 【例】However, the path wasn't as smooth as I thought. I kept bumping up and down, and then suddenly…bam! I fell___my bike.  A.down   B.off  C.of   D.into 答案: B 解析:根据文中的“I kept bumping up and down, and then suddenly...bam 可知作者不停地上下颠簸，最后摔了下来。fall into意思是“掉落”，故选“off”。 （2026·四川达州·模拟预测）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后每小题所给的三个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 Last summer, my school organized a field trip to an archaeological site (考古遗址) on the outskirts of the city. 1 a history lover, I had long dreamed of seeing ancient relics (遗迹) up close, so I was 2 with excitement from the moment we boarded the bus. When we arrived, archaeologists in blue overalls greeted us and led us to a fenced area (围栏区). The site looked like a large construction zone at first, with layers of soil piled neatly and small tools scattered around. We learned that this place dated back to the Han Dynasty, more than 2,000 years ago. The archaeologists taught us how to use small brushes and shovels gently, warning us not to damage (损坏) 3 potential relics. My group was assigned to a corner of the site. We knelt on mats and brushed away the loose soil carefully. After nearly an hour of tedious work, one of my classmates suddenly shouted—she had found a small clay pot fragment with delicate 4 . The archaeologist checked it and told us it might have been used to hold grain (粮食) in ancient times. We were all 5 , feeling like we had uncovered a secret from the past. Later, we visited a temporary exhibition nearby, where intact relics from the site were displayed: bronze mirrors, stone tools, and even pieces of silk cloth. The guide explained 6 these objects reflected the daily life and craftsmanship of people in the Han Dynasty. Looking at those ancient items, I felt a strong connection 7 history—they were not just old things, but silent storytellers of a bygone era. This trip made me 8 that history is not just words in textbooks. Every relic carries the wisdom and life of our ancestors. It 9 taught me to respect the past and 10 cultural heritage, for preserving these treasures means keeping our roots alive. 1．A．As B．With C．In 2．A．fully B．full C．filled 3．A．some B．any C．both 4．A．patterns B．clothes C．windows 5．A．sad B．angry C．excited 6．A．what B．that C．how 7．A．to B．on C．in 8．A．realized B．realize C．realizing 9．A．also B．as well C．rather 10．A．destroy B．value C．produce ◇考点 05 利用词义辨析解题 在完形填空给出的四个选型中，就经常出现词性一致、意义相近的情况。这个时候，需要考虑特定语境中的最佳选项，或者推敲一些固定的词组搭配来选择答案。 在词义辨析题目中，绝对同义的两个选项的两个选项都不入选，相对同义的两个选项，在于考查其细微的差距，一般选其中之一。 【例】 "Of course." Mrs Martin put the mashed potato pizza on my plate with an encouraging smile. I suddenly 24._____and relaxed. I looked around laughing, and we all laughed together.24. A.woke   B.agreed   C.understood   D.forgot 答案：C解析：根据前文的 “Of course” 可知作者因为紧张，回答问题的时候懵懵懂懂。但当"Mrs Martin put the mashed potato pizza on my plate with an encouraging smile" 时，作者突然醒悟过来了，故选”understood”。 （2026·广东惠州·模拟预测）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Dashiban is a 600-year-old village in Xichang, Sichuan Province. This 1 village was a busy place on the Southern Silk Road and the Tea Horse Road. However, the village 2 declined (衰败) and many villagers left their hometown to search for work somewhere else. In order to change the 3 , the local government started a project in Dashiban in 2021. To keep the village’s 4 charm (魅力), it followed the rule of “repairing the old as old”. Thanks to the local government’s work, the village has changed a lot. And the homestay (民宿) business has 5 quickly. More and more villagers working outside returned home to start businesses because of the change. Xiao Wenfang 6 her job in the big city and ran a restaurant with her father in the village. Travel 7 has also become very popular in the village. Plenty of tourists who wear traditional clothes travel here to take 8 photos. Dashiban now has 232 homestays, 85 restaurants and 65 travel photography studios. Now, tourism is the village’s main industry, and it 9 jobs for over 1,000 villagers. People from different cities even choose this small 10 to live in when they are free. They really enjoy the life here. 1．A．modern B．ancient C．lazy D．easy 2．A．properly B．patiently C．slowly D．nervously 3．A．situation B．choice C．vocation D．exercise 4．A．boring B．difficult C．historical D．helpful 5．A．agreed B．hurt C．lost D．grown 6．A．got up B．gave up C．put up D．turned up 7．A．weather B．mistake C．silk D．photography 8．A．possible B．harmful C．honest D．fantastic 9．A．creates B．learns C．ends D．avoids 10．A．town B．city C．village D．community ◇考点 06 根据情感态度解题 情感态度主要集中在形容词的选择上，同学们需要根据上下文对人物的情感态度有一个大致的把握，同时要积累不同形容词的含义和褒贬，从而选择一个最合适的词。 一般来说，作者的情感态度通篇是一致的，可以从一个高度去指导全文，但也会出现反转的情况，需要细致理解短文的情节和大意。 积极情感：happy, amazing, excited, relaxed 等 中立情感：fast, slow, surprising 等 消极情感：sad, disappointed, angry 等 【例】Her husband died of a serious illness a few days ago. She only has her dog Wangwang in the house... Mrs. Brown said, "Wangwang and I are feeling a little____these days. It's kind of you to come. A.lonely  B.angry   C.excited   D.relaxed 答案：A 解析：根据上文"Her husband died of a serious illness a few days ago. She only has her dog Wangwang in the house.”可知，Brown 太太因为丈夫去世，只留下她和狗狗，所以感到有些孤独。 （2026·辽宁大连·模拟预测）A 101-year-old woman is taking IT classes in order to “catch up” on technology. Margaret Griffiths, from Rhondda, attended the weekly classes to keep her mind 1 . She said her class of adult learners were all trying to 2 with the times. Born in 1921 in Aberaeron, Ms. Griffiths began her 40-year job in teaching at Cwmlai Primary School, and finally she became a head teacher at Whitchurch Primary School in Cardiff. She said she made a promise to herself to learn something 3 every day. “I spent my life in the world of education, and I am still learning to this day. I have never 4 ,” she said. But she retired (退休) before the 5 of computers and she felt she missed out. So when she saw the IT classes on offer, she 6 the chance to catch up. “I don’t know what the 7 holds for me, but I intend to go on doing what I do for as long as I can. I am still being educated, and I am always 8 to learn, even at my age. At 101, all the other learners are 9 than me, but I like the classes and the company very much. I’m not trying to stay young. I am just 10 every day that I have,” she said. 1．A．clean B．full C．active D．simple 2．A．move B．agree C．compare D．act 3．A．funny B．right C．new D．difficult 4．A．worried B．stopped C．tried D．expected 5．A．agreement B．information C．introduction D．power 6．A．missed B．took C．lost D．waited 7．A．dream B．age C．future D．degree 8．A．afraid B．pleased C．tired D．nervous 9．A．luckier B．busier C．healthier D．younger 10．A．enjoying B．counting C．imagining D．recording 典｜例｜精｜析 （2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 It was a summer. After a 33-kilometre cycling, my cousin Gabriel and I were 1 . We planned to get lunch and then 2 back to Valence, where I was spending my holiday with Gabriel’s family. We bought a baguette. As we ate, I noticed a girl in a queue smiling to us. I met her again when she sat on a bench, enjoying her bread in front of a riverboat named Voyageur. Soon she boarded the boat. Then I noticed a colourful handbag on the 3 . The girl had left it! She was on the upper deck (甲板)! I held up the bag and 4 it to get her attention. When she noticed the bag, she opened her mouth 5 . But her face fell—the boat started to pull away from the dock (码头). “We can 6 it! The boat’s next stop is Valence!” Gabriel came up. “Great! But do you think we can 7 ?” I asked. Gabriel laughed. “We’re going to find out!” We set off. It was a race now: 8 against the boat. If the boat beat us to Valence, we might 9 have the chance to give back the bag. Pedaling hard, we quickly caught up to the Voyageur. When the boat disappeared 10 us, we felt confident enough to relax our pace. Then it happened: pffft! Flat tire (轮胎漏气)! My heart sank. We had to stop and took out tools when the Voyageur was coming near. I saw the girl again. She noticed our 11 and shook her head sadly. After a quick 12 , we were back on our way. The boat pulled ahead. We watched 13 as the boat disappeared around a bend. Finally we arrived, 14 the Voyageur had docked. We failed! Gabriel suddenly shouted, “I see her!” The girl was strolling towards us! “You followed my boat!” she smiled. “No, your boat followed us,” I 15 . “Until I got a flat tire, that is.” I handed her the bag. 1．A．hungry B．lazy C．relaxed D．bored 2．A．walk B．drive C．ride D．fly 3．A．bench B．boat C．bike D．bread 4．A．threw B．opened C．dropped D．waved 5．A．in fear B．in surprise C．in silence D．in sadness 6．A．return B．borrow C．sell D．use 7．A．break down B．catch up C．go out D．get away 8．A．her B．it C．them D．us 9．A．usually B．sometimes C．never D．always 10．A．behind B．before C．beside D．opposite 11．A．effort B．trouble C．risk D．success 12．A．sleeping B．riding C．fixing D．swimming 13．A．happily B．angrily C．helplessly D．excitedly 14．A．and B．so C．or D．but 15．A．refused B．joked C．complained D．nodded 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题11 完形填空：逻辑衔接与词义辨析 目 录 第一部分 考情精析 锁定靶心 高效备考 第二部分 重难考点深解 深度溯源 扫清盲区 【考点01】利用逻辑关系解题 【考点02】利用上下文信息解题 【考点03】利用语法知识解题 【考点04】利用固定搭配解题 【考点05】利用词义辨析解题 【考点06】根据情感态度解题 第三部分 解题思维优化 典例精析+方法提炼+变式巩固 核心考向聚焦 词义辨析是考查核心，在各地中考完形填空中占比最高，重点考查动词、形容词、副词、名词等近义 / 易混词在语境中的精准辨析。固定搭配紧随其后，是快速解题的关键得分点。语法基础（时态、主谓一致、非谓语、介词、代词）为辅，多在语篇中综合考查，侧重语法规则在真实语境中的应用，单纯语法辨析题占比逐步降低。 关键能力与思维瓶颈 关键能力：熟练掌握近义词语境辨析能力，能结合上下文逻辑、情感色彩、搭配习惯区分易混词汇（如 say/speak/tell/talk、borrow/lend/keep）。熟记中考高频固定搭配（动词短语、介词短语、非谓语搭配等），实现快速匹配答案。掌握语法基础规则，能结合时间标志、上下文语境判断时态、主谓一致、非谓语形式等语法考点。准确辨析介词、代词、连词的用法，理清句子间逻辑关系（并列、转折、因果、选择等）。 培优瓶颈：受中文思维干扰，忽略英语名词可数性、动词固定搭配的特殊用法，导致词义辨析和固定搭配题失分。语法知识碎片化，未形成 “语境 + 语法” 的综合判断思维，在时态、非谓语等综合考点中易出错。对近义词语境应用掌握不扎实，仅记忆词义，忽略语境限制，导致辨析失误。 命题前瞻与备考策略 预测：2026 年中考完形填空将继续以语篇应用为核心，弱化单纯语法考查，强化词义辨析、固定搭配在真实情境中的灵活考查。近义词语境辨析仍是重点，侧重考查动词、形容词、副词的语境适配性；固定搭配考查更贴合日常学习、生活、校园等真实语篇。语法考点多与语境结合，如时态结合时间标志、非谓语结合固定动词搭配、介词结合固定短语，综合考查比例提升。 策略： 1.专项突破词义辨析：分类整理近义词语（动词、形容词、副词、名词），结合真题语篇练习语境判断，总结辨析技巧，放弃孤立记忆。 2.夯实固定搭配：专项背诵中考高频固定搭配（动词短语、介词短语、非谓语搭配），结合完形真题强化应用，做到 “见搭配即选答案”。 3.强化语法语境应用：针对时态、主谓一致、非谓语、介词等语法考点，结合语篇进行专项训练，建立 “找标志 + 判语境 + 选答案” 的解题思维。 4.紧扣真题训练：以近 3 年各地中考完形真题为核心，分析命题规律，总结高频考点和易错点，针对性突破薄弱环节。 ◇考点 01 利用逻辑关系解题 在解答完形填空的过程中，同学们可以根据确切、具体的线索，将答案的逻辑意义推导出来，在答案中寻找体现了相同逻辑意义的选项。 单个句子中或者句子与句子之间都可能存在逻辑关系，它们往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来体现。 在平时的练习过程中，同学们除了要锻炼逻辑推理和判断能力，还要对常用的和易混淆的衔接词进行积累。 表原因：thanks to, result from, since, on account of/that 表结果：as a result, thus 表转折：but, yet, anyway,however 表补充：also, besides,further, moreover, additionally 【例】With his blanket and toys, Remy went to meet Madu. It was love at first sight. Soon Remy climbed on Madu's back. Remy watched Madu. Madu taught Remy what to eat, ___ she also showed him how to hang and climb. Remy learned how to be an orangutan. A.and    B.but  C.or   D.so 答案：A解析:根据文中的“Remy watched Madu. Madu taught Remy what to eat和“she also showed him how to hang and climb.”可知两句之间是并列关系，故选“and”。 （25-26九年级上·河北衡水·月考）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A few weeks ago, we had a lesson given by our classmate Wu Ruijie. She talked about some of her experiences about some culture shocks (文化冲击) in America. The lesson was 1 . We were all interested in it and listened carefully. Here is one story. One day, she talked to a Chinese friend on her mobile phone on the New York subway. A black woman stood beside her. She used a Chinese word quite a lot when talking to her friend. Its 2 was similar to the rude word “negro” (黑鬼). So the woman glared at (盯着) her 3 . Ms. Tang also shared an experience. It happened when she was in Australia. It was a sunny day. She walked on the street with a(n) 4 . She wanted to protect herself from the sunlight. A man behind her asked, “Is it raining?” In Australia, people don’t use umbrellas on sunny days. So the man thought it was 5 . We can see cultural differences between countries from the two stories. How should we 6 the differences? Here are some 7 . First, respect everyone everywhere. Second, learn about the 8 culture before going there. Third, explain 9 we make mistakes. Finally, always be kind. In a word, cultural differences are not a big problem. Just 10 others kindly. Pay attention to learning about other countries’ cultures. 1．A．cheap B．lively C．private D．awful 2．A．background B．request C．pronunciation D．grammar 3．A．widely B．sadly C．politely D．angrily 4．A．umbrella B．lock C．coat D．license 5．A．helpful B．strange C．dangerous D．painful 6．A．deal with B．write down C．stick to D．look up 7．A．positions B．suggestions C．purposes D．trades 8．A．sudden B．daily C．Australian D．local 9．A．if B．because C．so D．but 10．A．introduce B．hug C．treat D．doubt 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 【解析】本文通过分享有趣的故事和提供建议来介绍文化冲击。 1．句意：这节课很生动。 cheap便宜的；lively生动的；private私人的；awful糟糕的。根据“We were all interested in it and listened carefully.”可知，我们对这节课感兴趣且认真听，说明这节课很生动。故选B。 2．句意：它的发音和粗鲁的单词“negro（黑鬼）”相似。 background背景；request要求；pronunciation发音；grammar语法。根据“She used a Chinese word quite a lot when talking to her friend. Its...was similar to the rude word ‘negro’ (黑鬼).”可知，这里说的是这个中文单词的发音和“negro”相似。故选C。 3．句意：所以那个女人愤怒地盯着她。 widely广泛地；sadly悲伤地；politely礼貌地；angrily愤怒地。根据前文提到中文单词发音和“negro”相似，这是不礼貌的，所以那个女人应该是愤怒地盯着她。故选D。 4．句意：她拿着一把伞走在街上。 umbrella伞；lock锁；coat外套；license执照。根据“She wanted to protect herself from the sunlight.”可知，为了防晒，她应该是拿着伞。故选A。 5．句意：所以在那个男人看来这很奇怪。 helpful有帮助的；strange奇怪的；dangerous危险的；painful痛苦的。根据“In Australia, people don’t use umbrellas on sunny days.”可知，在澳大利亚晴天人们不用伞，所以她晴天拿伞在男人看来很奇怪。故选B。 6．句意：我们应该如何处理这些差异呢？ deal with处理；write down写下；stick to坚持；look up查阅。根据“How should we...the differences?”可知，这里问的是如何处理文化差异。故选A。 7．句意：这里有一些建议。 positions位置；suggestions建议；purposes目的；trades贸易。根据后文“First, respect everyone everywhere...”可知，后面是一些应对文化差异的建议。故选B。 8．句意：第二，在去那里之前了解当地的文化。 sudden突然的；daily日常的；Australian澳大利亚的；local当地的。根据“learn about the...culture before going there.”可知，去一个地方之前要了解当地的文化。故选D。 9．句意：第三，如果我们犯了错误要解释。 if如果；because因为；so所以；but但是。“we make mistakes”是假设的情况，用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 10．句意：要友好地对待别人。 introduce介绍；hug拥抱；treat对待；doubt怀疑。根据“Just...others kindly.”可知，这里说的是要友好地对待别人。故选C。 ◇考点 02 利用上下文信息解题 根据上下文的语境来判断选项是完形填空中最常用的解题方法，也是其他方式的基础。 当发现所给的每一个选项从语法上看都没有问题时，就可以考虑前后照应，仔细阅读空缺处的前后句进行选择，有时候相互照应的内容之间距离较远，需要通读全文。 【例】Remy's mother got sick before he was born. She could not ____Remy. So he needed a foster mother to take care of him. A.look after   B.look at   C.look for   D.look like 答案:A解析: 根据文中的“Remy's mother got sick before he was born. She could not... Remy. So he needed a foster mother to take care of him”可知Rem的妈妈在他出生前生病了，所以无法照顾他，只好给他找个养母来照顾他，故选“look after”。 （2024·海南·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 On Tuesday, China successfully sent three astronauts to its space station. The astronauts flew in a rocket 1 Shenzhou-16. This is the first time in history that a regular person from China has gone to space. It’s really 2 ! The rocket took off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre, 3 the astronauts spent over six hours flying to reach the space station’s core module, Tianhe. 4 went smoothly, and the astronauts are now in good condition. Many workers from the space program and kids were there to see the historic launch. The kids cheered and 5 Chinese flags. As the rocket launched into the sky, people shouted “wow” 6 to wish the astronauts good luck. The crew has Commander Jing Haipeng, Engineer Zhu Yangzhu and Professor Gui Haichao, who is from Beihang University, is the first 7 person from China to go to space. The astronauts will do many experiments there, and the space station was stocked with water, clothes, food, and fuel earlier this month. China is the 8 country in the world to send humans into space. The US and Russia had sent humans into space before. China is making its “space dream” 9 . They have plans to build a base on the 10 by 2030. Lin from CMSA said, “The main goal is to have Chinese astronauts land on the moon and do experiments there.” 1．A．called B．took C．produced 2．A．boring B．relaxing C．exciting 3．A．or B．but C．and 4．A．Something B．Everything C．Anything 5．A．waved B．had C．protected 6．A．politely B．exactly C．loudly 7．A．regular B．humorous C．special 8．A．first B．second C．third 9．A．come true B．come out C．come back 10．A．earth B．moon C．sun 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国成功将三名宇航员送入空间站，以及中国航天事业的发展和未来计划。 1．句意：宇航员乘坐名为神舟十六号的火箭升空。 called被称为；took拿走；produced生产。根据“a rocket...Shenzhou-16”可知，此处指名为“神舟十六号”的火箭，应用called。故选A。 2．句意：这真的很令人兴奋！ boring无聊的；relaxing令人放松的；exciting令人兴奋的。根据“This is the first time in history that a regular person from China has gone to space.”可知，这是中国历史上第一次有普通人进入太空，所以是令人兴奋的。故选C。 3．句意：火箭从酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空，宇航员花了六个多小时才到达空间站的核心舱“天河”。 or或者；but但是；and和，并且。根据“The rocket took off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre...the astronauts spent over six hours flying to reach the space station’s core module, Tianhe.”可知，前后句是顺承关系，应用and连接。故选C。 4．句意：一切进展顺利，宇航员目前状况良好。 Something某事；Everything一切；Anything任何事。根据“went smoothly, and the astronauts are now in good condition.”可知，一切进展顺利。故选B。 5．句意：孩子们欢呼着挥舞着中国国旗。 waved挥舞；had有；protected保护。根据“The kids cheered and...Chinese flags.”可知，此处指挥舞国旗。故选A。 6．句意：当火箭发射升空时，人们大声喊“哇”，祝宇航员好运。 politely礼貌地；exactly准确地；loudly大声地。根据“As the rocket launched into the sky, people shouted ‘wow’...to wish the astronauts good luck.”可知，此处指大声喊“哇”。故选C。 7．句意：机组人员包括指挥官景海鹏、工程师朱杨柱和来自北京航空航天大学的桂海潮教授，他是中国第一位进入太空的普通人。 regular普通的；humorous幽默的；special特别的。根据“This is the first time in history that a regular person from China has gone to space.”可知，此处指普通人。故选A。 8．句意：中国是世界上第三个将人类送入太空的国家。 first第一；second第二；third第三。根据“The US and Russia had sent humans into space before.”可知，美国和俄罗斯之前已经将人类送入太空，所以中国是第三个。故选C。 9．句意：中国正在实现它的“太空梦”。 come true实现；come out出版；come back回来。根据“China is making its ‘space dream’...”可知，此处指实现太空梦。故选A。 10．句意：他们计划在2030年前在月球上建立一个基地。 earth地球；moon月球；sun太阳。根据“The main goal is to have Chinese astronauts land on the moon and do experiments there.”可知，此处指在月球上建立基地。故选B。 ◇考点 03 利用语法知识解题 虽然完形填空以语境考查为主，但仍有部分考查语法知识的题目，同学们可利用平时积累的语法知识解题。 在复习语法的过程中，尤其需要关注出现频率较高的几类词，如：动词、介词、代词、连词、形容词、副词。 解答完形填空时，动词的选用需要注意词义和惯用搭配，区分近义词的用法搭配；介词的选用需要注意与其他词汇的固定搭配；名词选用需要注意词性和单复数形式等。 利用语法知识解题时，可以考虑择优解题，将各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在语法上又没有语病的答案。 【例】 One day, my friend and I were riding our bikes in a park. My mother knew I had just learned how to ride for a short time, so she asked me to wear some safety equipment. "No. I won't wear____!" A.it   B.itself   C.them   D.themselves 答案 :A 解析:句中代词替代的应是上文中的 equipment，这是不可数名词，所以没有复数形式，故选“it”。 （2026·四川广元·一模）Jiao Hongxiu, a woman of Miao ethnicity (苗族), mixes the Miao embroidery culture (苗绣文化) with modern 1 in her artworks. These artworks show the life of the Miao people 2 the beauty of the Miao embroidery. Jiao Hongxiu is 39 years old. She grew up 3 Luomian Village, Guizhou Province. Watching her mother sew (缝) clothes from a young age, she had a strong 4 in Miao embroidery. Jiao kept on looking for bigger platforms to let more people 5 the Miao embroidery, Over the past ten years, Jiao has 6 many ethnic villages, run a cultural store and set up her own company. She has also 7 many people how to make Miao embroidery. She has trained over 700 people by 8 so far. In her office, Miao embroidery is 9 as decorations (装饰品) for ethnic clothing or some everyday goods. “As well as teaching skills, I wish to bring 10 designs and ideas to people. While passing down Miao embroidery, we can also better embrace fashion.” said Jiao. 1．A．tricks B．ideas C．laboratories D．endings 2．A．before B．because C．though D．and 3．A．under B．on C．in D．from 4．A．skill B．direction C．mistake D．interest 5．A．set out B．side by side C．know about D．talk back 6．A．killed B．visited C．treated D．picked 7．A．hated B．set C．taught D．saved 8．A．yourself B．himself C．myself D．herself 9．A．used B．searched C．moved D．brought 10．A．hard B．new C．strange D．similar 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了苗族绣娘焦洪秀将传统苗绣与现代设计融合，通过走访村落、创办公司、培训绣娘等方式推广苗绣文化，致力于在传承中创新，让民族技艺焕发时尚活力。 1．句意：苗族妇女焦洪秀在她的作品中把苗绣文化和现代理念融合在一起。 tricks诡计；ideas理念；laboratories实验室；endings结局。根据“mixes the Miao embroidery culture with modern…”可知，此处指文化与“现代理念”融合，“ideas”符合语境，故选B。 2．句意：这些作品展示了苗族人的生活和苗绣的美。 before在……前；because因为；though尽管；and和。根据“show the life of the Miao people…the beauty of the Miao embroidery”可知，“苗族人的生活”和“苗绣的美”是并列关系，用“and”连接，故选D。 3．句意：她在贵州省洛棉村长大。 under在……下；on在……上；in在……里；from来自。根据“She grew up…Luomian Village”可知，“在村庄里”用介词“in”，“in”符合语境，故选C。 4．句意：从小看着妈妈缝衣服，她对苗绣产生了浓厚的兴趣。 skill技能；direction方向；mistake错误；interest兴趣。根据“had a strong…in Miao embroidery”可知，“have interest in”是固定搭配，意为“对……感兴趣”，“interest”符合语境，故选D。 5．句意：焦洪秀不断寻找更大的平台，让更多人了解苗绣。 set out出发；side by side并肩；know about了解；talk back顶嘴。根据“let more people…the Miao embroidery”可知，平台的作用是让人们“了解”苗绣，“know about”符合语境，故选C。 6．句意：过去十年间，焦洪秀走访了许多民族村寨，开了一家文化店，还创办了自己的公司。 killed杀死；visited走访；treated对待；picked捡起。根据“many ethnic villages”可知，此处指“走访”村寨，“visited”符合语境，故选B。 7．句意：她还教很多人如何制作苗绣。 hated讨厌；set设置；taught教；saved拯救。根据“how to make Miao embroidery”及后文“She has trained over 700 people”可知，她“教”别人做苗绣，“taught”符合语境，故选C。 8．句意：到目前为止，她已经亲自培训了700多人。 yourself你自己；himself他自己；myself我自己；herself她自己。根据主语“She”可知，此处指“她亲自”，用“herself”，故选D。 9．句意：在她的工作室里，苗绣被用作民族服饰或日常用品的装饰品。 used使用；searched搜索；moved移动；brought带来。根据“Miao embroidery is…as decorations”可知，“be used as”是固定搭配，意为“被用作”，“used”符合语境，故选A。 10.句意：除了教授技能，我还希望给人们带来新的设计和理念。 hard困难的；new新的；strange奇怪的；similar相似的。根据“While passing down Miao embroidery, we can also better embrace fashion”可知，传承的同时拥抱时尚，需要“新的”设计理念，“new”符合语境，故选B。 ◇考点 04 利用固定搭配解题 固定搭配包括一些常见短语，如：see a film、make a deal、by the way 等，以及一些常见句式，如：It feels+形容词+不定式等。 在复习过程中，同学们需要注意区分形似而义不同的固定搭配，如：look for, look out, look after 等。还需要注意形不同但意义相近的词汇，如：pay、cost、take 都有花费的含义。 【例】However, the path wasn't as smooth as I thought. I kept bumping up and down, and then suddenly…bam! I fell___my bike.  A.down   B.off  C.of   D.into 答案: B 解析:根据文中的“I kept bumping up and down, and then suddenly...bam 可知作者不停地上下颠簸，最后摔了下来。fall into意思是“掉落”，故选“off”。 （2026·四川达州·模拟预测）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后每小题所给的三个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 Last summer, my school organized a field trip to an archaeological site (考古遗址) on the outskirts of the city. 1 a history lover, I had long dreamed of seeing ancient relics (遗迹) up close, so I was 2 with excitement from the moment we boarded the bus. When we arrived, archaeologists in blue overalls greeted us and led us to a fenced area (围栏区). The site looked like a large construction zone at first, with layers of soil piled neatly and small tools scattered around. We learned that this place dated back to the Han Dynasty, more than 2,000 years ago. The archaeologists taught us how to use small brushes and shovels gently, warning us not to damage (损坏) 3 potential relics. My group was assigned to a corner of the site. We knelt on mats and brushed away the loose soil carefully. After nearly an hour of tedious work, one of my classmates suddenly shouted—she had found a small clay pot fragment with delicate 4 . The archaeologist checked it and told us it might have been used to hold grain (粮食) in ancient times. We were all 5 , feeling like we had uncovered a secret from the past. Later, we visited a temporary exhibition nearby, where intact relics from the site were displayed: bronze mirrors, stone tools, and even pieces of silk cloth. The guide explained 6 these objects reflected the daily life and craftsmanship of people in the Han Dynasty. Looking at those ancient items, I felt a strong connection 7 history—they were not just old things, but silent storytellers of a bygone era. This trip made me 8 that history is not just words in textbooks. Every relic carries the wisdom and life of our ancestors. It 9 taught me to respect the past and 10 cultural heritage, for preserving these treasures means keeping our roots alive. 1．A．As B．With C．In 2．A．fully B．full C．filled 3．A．some B．any C．both 4．A．patterns B．clothes C．windows 5．A．sad B．angry C．excited 6．A．what B．that C．how 7．A．to B．on C．in 8．A．realized B．realize C．realizing 9．A．also B．as well C．rather 10．A．destroy B．value C．produce 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 【解析】本文主要介绍了作者作为历史爱好者参加学校组织的考古遗址实地考察活动的经历和感悟。 1．句意：作为一名历史爱好者，我一直梦想近距离观看古代遗迹。 As作为，介词；With和……一起，介词；In在……里面，介词。根据“…a history lover, I had long dreamed of seeing ancient relics up close”可知，此处需要表达“作为”的含义，用来介绍作者的身份。故选A。 2．句意：所以从我们登上公交车的那一刻起，我就充满了兴奋。 fully完全地，副词；full满的，形容词；filled充满的，形容词。根据“so I was…with excitement”可知，此处遵循“be filled with”的固定搭配，意为“充满……”。故选C。 3．句意：考古学家教我们如何轻轻地使用小刷子和铲子，警告我们不要损坏任何潜在的遗迹。 some一些，用于肯定句；any任何，用于否定句或疑问句；both两者都。根据“warning us not to damage…potential relics”可知，本句为否定句，且表示“任何”潜在的遗迹。故选B。 4．句意：经过近一个小时枯燥的工作，我的一个同学突然大喊——她发现了一个带有精美图案的小陶壶碎片。 patterns图案，名词；clothes衣服，名词；windows窗户，名词。根据“a small clay pot fragment with delicate…”可知，陶壶碎片上的应该是“图案”。故选A。 5．句意：我们都很兴奋，感觉好像揭开了一个过去的秘密。 sad伤心的，形容词；angry生气的，形容词；excited兴奋的，形容词。根据“feeling like we had uncovered a secret from the past”可知，发现古代遗迹应该是令人兴奋的。故选C。 6．句意：导游解释了这些物品如何反映了汉代人们的日常生活和工艺。 what什么，疑问代词；that那个，连词；how如何，疑问副词。根据“The guide explained…these objects reflected the daily life and craftsmanship of people in the Han Dynasty”可知，此处需要表达“如何”的含义，用来引导宾语从句，说明物品反映生活的方式。故选C。 7．句意：看着那些古代物品，我感受到了与历史的强烈联系。 to到，介词；on在……上面，介词；in在……里面，介词。根据“I felt a strong connection…history”可知，此处遵循“connection to”的固定搭配，意为“与……的联系”。故选A。 8．句意：这次旅行让我意识到历史不仅仅是教科书中的文字。 realized意识到，动词过去式；realize意识到，动词原形；realizing意识到，动名词/现在分词。根据“This trip made me…that”可知，此处遵循“make sb. do sth.”的固定用法，make后接动词原形作宾语补足语。故选B。 9．句意：它也教会我要尊重过去。 also也，副词，位于句中；as well也，副词，位于句末；rather相反，副词。根据“It…taught me to respect the past”可知，本句为肯定句，且“也”位于句中，应用also。故选A。 10．句意：它也教会我要尊重过去，重视文化遗产，因为保护这些珍宝意味着保持我们的根源存活着。 destroy破坏，动词；value重视，动词；produce生产，动词。根据“respect the past and…cultural heritage”可知，此处与“尊重过去”并列，应该是“重视”文化遗产。故选B。 ◇考点 05 利用词义辨析解题 在完形填空给出的四个选型中，就经常出现词性一致、意义相近的情况。这个时候，需要考虑特定语境中的最佳选项，或者推敲一些固定的词组搭配来选择答案。 在词义辨析题目中，绝对同义的两个选项的两个选项都不入选，相对同义的两个选项，在于考查其细微的差距，一般选其中之一。 【例】 "Of course." Mrs Martin put the mashed potato pizza on my plate with an encouraging smile. I suddenly 24._____and relaxed. I looked around laughing, and we all laughed together.24. A.woke   B.agreed   C.understood   D.forgot 答案：C解析：根据前文的 “Of course” 可知作者因为紧张，回答问题的时候懵懵懂懂。但当"Mrs Martin put the mashed potato pizza on my plate with an encouraging smile" 时，作者突然醒悟过来了，故选”understood”。 （2026·广东惠州·模拟预测）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。 Dashiban is a 600-year-old village in Xichang, Sichuan Province. This 1 village was a busy place on the Southern Silk Road and the Tea Horse Road. However, the village 2 declined (衰败) and many villagers left their hometown to search for work somewhere else. In order to change the 3 , the local government started a project in Dashiban in 2021. To keep the village’s 4 charm (魅力), it followed the rule of “repairing the old as old”. Thanks to the local government’s work, the village has changed a lot. And the homestay (民宿) business has 5 quickly. More and more villagers working outside returned home to start businesses because of the change. Xiao Wenfang 6 her job in the big city and ran a restaurant with her father in the village. Travel 7 has also become very popular in the village. Plenty of tourists who wear traditional clothes travel here to take 8 photos. Dashiban now has 232 homestays, 85 restaurants and 65 travel photography studios. Now, tourism is the village’s main industry, and it 9 jobs for over 1,000 villagers. People from different cities even choose this small 10 to live in when they are free. They really enjoy the life here. 1．A．modern B．ancient C．lazy D．easy 2．A．properly B．patiently C．slowly D．nervously 3．A．situation B．choice C．vocation D．exercise 4．A．boring B．difficult C．historical D．helpful 5．A．agreed B．hurt C．lost D．grown 6．A．got up B．gave up C．put up D．turned up 7．A．weather B．mistake C．silk D．photography 8．A．possible B．harmful C．honest D．fantastic 9．A．creates B．learns C．ends D．avoids 10．A．town B．city C．village D．community 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．D 9．A 10．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了四川省西昌市的大石板村如何通过政府扶持进行“修旧如旧”的保护性改造，从而实现乡村振兴，由一个曾经没落的古村落转变为如今繁荣的旅游胜地。 1．句意：这个古老的村庄曾是南方丝绸之路和茶马古道上的一个繁忙之地。 modern现代的；ancient古代的；lazy懒惰的；easy容易的。根据“Dashiban is a 600-year-old village”可知，这是一个历史悠久的村子。故选B。 2．句意：然而，这个村庄慢慢衰败了，许多村民离开家乡去别处找工作。 properly恰当地；patiently耐心地；slowly慢慢地；nervously紧张地。根据“many villagers left their hometown”可知，村庄是在经历了一个过程后才变得衰落。故选C。 3．句意：为了改变这种状况，当地政府于2021年在大石板启动了一个项目。 situation状况；choice选择；vocation职业；exercise练习。根据“However, the village…declined (衰败) and many villagers left their hometown to search for work somewhere else.”可知，村庄慢慢衰败了，许多村民离开家乡去别处找工作，这是当时村子面临的困境。故选A。 4．句意：为了保留村庄的历史魅力，该项目遵循了 “修旧如旧” 的原则。 boring无聊的；difficult困难的；historical历史的；helpful有帮助的。根据“600-year-old”以及“repairing the old as old”可知，村庄的魅力在于其悠久的历史。故选C。 5．句意：民宿业务也迅速发展起来。 agreed同意；hurt伤害；lost失去；grown成长。根据“More and more villagers working outside returned home to start businesses”可知，因为生意好，村民们才返乡，说明民宿业务也迅速发展起来了。故选D。 6．句意：肖文芳放弃了在大城市的工作，和父亲在村里开了一家餐馆。 got up起床；gave up放弃；put up张贴；turned up出现。根据“ran a restaurant with her father in the village”可知，她放弃了在大城市的工作，和父亲在村里开了一家餐馆。故选B。 7．句意：旅行摄影在这个村庄也变得非常流行。 weather天气；mistake错误；silk丝绸；photography摄影。根据“Plenty of tourists who wear traditional clothes travel here to take…photos”可知，游客来这里是为了拍照，所以旅游摄影很流行。故选D。 8．句意：许多穿着传统服饰的游客来到这里，拍摄精彩的照片。 possible可能的；harmful有害的；honest诚实的；fantastic极好的。根据“Plenty of tourists who wear traditional clothes travel here to take…photos.”可知，游客拍出的照片效果很好。故选D。 9．句意：现在，旅游业是这个村庄的主要产业，它为1000多名村民创造了就业机会。 creates创造；learns学习；ends结束；avoids避免。根据“jobs for over 1,000 villagers”可知，旅游业带动了就业。故选A。 10．句意：来自不同城市的人们甚至在空闲时选择住在这个小村庄里。 town城镇；city城市；village村庄；community社区。根据“Dashiban is a 600-year-old village”及全篇介绍的地点可知，大家住的是这个村子。故选C。 ◇考点 06 根据情感态度解题 情感态度主要集中在形容词的选择上，同学们需要根据上下文对人物的情感态度有一个大致的把握，同时要积累不同形容词的含义和褒贬，从而选择一个最合适的词。 一般来说，作者的情感态度通篇是一致的，可以从一个高度去指导全文，但也会出现反转的情况，需要细致理解短文的情节和大意。 积极情感：happy, amazing, excited, relaxed 等 中立情感：fast, slow, surprising 等 消极情感：sad, disappointed, angry 等 【例】Her husband died of a serious illness a few days ago. She only has her dog Wangwang in the house... Mrs. Brown said, "Wangwang and I are feeling a little____these days. It's kind of you to come. A.lonely  B.angry   C.excited   D.relaxed 答案：A 解析：根据上文"Her husband died of a serious illness a few days ago. She only has her dog Wangwang in the house.”可知，Brown 太太因为丈夫去世，只留下她和狗狗，所以感到有些孤独。 （2026·辽宁大连·模拟预测）A 101-year-old woman is taking IT classes in order to “catch up” on technology. Margaret Griffiths, from Rhondda, attended the weekly classes to keep her mind 1 . She said her class of adult learners were all trying to 2 with the times. Born in 1921 in Aberaeron, Ms. Griffiths began her 40-year job in teaching at Cwmlai Primary School, and finally she became a head teacher at Whitchurch Primary School in Cardiff. She said she made a promise to herself to learn something 3 every day. “I spent my life in the world of education, and I am still learning to this day. I have never 4 ,” she said. But she retired (退休) before the 5 of computers and she felt she missed out. So when she saw the IT classes on offer, she 6 the chance to catch up. “I don’t know what the 7 holds for me, but I intend to go on doing what I do for as long as I can. I am still being educated, and I am always 8 to learn, even at my age. At 101, all the other learners are 9 than me, but I like the classes and the company very much. I’m not trying to stay young. I am just 10 every day that I have,” she said. 1．A．clean B．full C．active D．simple 2．A．move B．agree C．compare D．act 3．A．funny B．right C．new D．difficult 4．A．worried B．stopped C．tried D．expected 5．A．agreement B．information C．introduction D．power 6．A．missed B．took C．lost D．waited 7．A．dream B．age C．future D．degree 8．A．afraid B．pleased C．tired D．nervous 9．A．luckier B．busier C．healthier D．younger 10．A．enjoying B．counting C．imagining D．recording 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位101岁高龄的老奶奶参加信息技术课程，以跟上科技发展的步伐，她一生致力于教育事业，退休后仍坚持学习，享受每一天。 1．句意：来自Rhondda的Margaret Griffiths参加每周的课程以保持思维活跃。 clean干净的；full满的；active活跃的；simple简单的。根据“A 101-year-old woman is taking IT classes in order to ‘catch up’ on technology.”可知，101岁的老奶奶参加信息技术课程，是为了保持思维活跃。故选C。 2．句意：她说她班上的成年学习者都在努力跟上时代的步伐。 move移动，此处表示“跟上”；agree同意；compare比较；act行动。根据“with the times”可知，此处表示“跟上时代的步伐”，move with the times“跟上时代的步伐”。故选A。 3．句意：她说她向自己承诺每天都要学习一些新东西。 funny有趣的；right正确的；new新的；difficult困难的。根据“I spent my life in the world of education, and I am still learning to this day.”可知，她一生都在学习，所以此处表示每天学习新东西。故选C。 4．句意：我从未停止过。 worried担心；stopped停止；tried尝试；expected期望。根据“I spent my life in the world of education, and I am still learning to this day.”可知，她一生都在学习，所以此处表示从未停止过学习。故选B。 5．句意：但她在电脑普及之前就退休了，她觉得自己错过了很多。 agreement同意；information信息；introduction介绍，普及；power力量。根据“she felt she missed out”可知，她觉得自己错过了很多，所以此处表示在电脑普及之前就退休了。故选C。 6．句意：所以当她看到有信息技术课程时，她抓住了这个机会来赶上。 missed错过；took拿走，抓住；lost丢失；waited等待。根据“the chance to catch up”可知，此处表示抓住机会来赶上。故选B。 7．句意：我不知道未来对我来说是什么样的，但只要我能，我打算继续做我现在做的事情。 dream梦想；age年龄；future未来；degree程度。根据“but I intend to go on doing what I do for as long as I can”可知，此处表示不知道未来是什么样的，但打算继续做现在做的事情。故选C。 8．句意：我仍在接受教育，即使在我这个年纪，我也总是乐于学习。 afraid害怕的；pleased高兴的；tired疲惫的；nervous紧张的。根据“even at my age”可知，即使在这个年纪，也乐于学习。故选B。 9．句意：在101岁的时候，所有其他的学习者都比我年轻，但我非常喜欢这些课程和陪伴。 luckier更幸运的；busier更忙碌的；healthier更健康的；younger更年轻的。根据“At 101”可知，老奶奶101岁，所以此处表示其他学习者都比她年轻。故选D。 10．句意：我并不是想保持年轻。我只是在享受我所拥有的每一天。 enjoying享受；counting数；imagining想象；recording记录。根据“that I have”可知，此处表示享受所拥有的每一天。故选A。 典｜例｜精｜析 （2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 It was a summer. After a 33-kilometre cycling, my cousin Gabriel and I were 1 . We planned to get lunch and then 2 back to Valence, where I was spending my holiday with Gabriel’s family. We bought a baguette. As we ate, I noticed a girl in a queue smiling to us. I met her again when she sat on a bench, enjoying her bread in front of a riverboat named Voyageur. Soon she boarded the boat. Then I noticed a colourful handbag on the 3 . The girl had left it! She was on the upper deck (甲板)! I held up the bag and 4 it to get her attention. When she noticed the bag, she opened her mouth 5 . But her face fell—the boat started to pull away from the dock (码头). “We can 6 it! The boat’s next stop is Valence!” Gabriel came up. “Great! But do you think we can 7 ?” I asked. Gabriel laughed. “We’re going to find out!” We set off. It was a race now: 8 against the boat. If the boat beat us to Valence, we might 9 have the chance to give back the bag. Pedaling hard, we quickly caught up to the Voyageur. When the boat disappeared 10 us, we felt confident enough to relax our pace. Then it happened: pffft! Flat tire (轮胎漏气)! My heart sank. We had to stop and took out tools when the Voyageur was coming near. I saw the girl again. She noticed our 11 and shook her head sadly. After a quick 12 , we were back on our way. The boat pulled ahead. We watched 13 as the boat disappeared around a bend. Finally we arrived, 14 the Voyageur had docked. We failed! Gabriel suddenly shouted, “I see her!” The girl was strolling towards us! “You followed my boat!” she smiled. “No, your boat followed us,” I 15 . “Until I got a flat tire, that is.” I handed her the bag. 1．A．hungry B．lazy C．relaxed D．bored 2．A．walk B．drive C．ride D．fly 3．A．bench B．boat C．bike D．bread 4．A．threw B．opened C．dropped D．waved 5．A．in fear B．in surprise C．in silence D．in sadness 6．A．return B．borrow C．sell D．use 7．A．break down B．catch up C．go out D．get away 8．A．her B．it C．them D．us 9．A．usually B．sometimes C．never D．always 10．A．behind B．before C．beside D．opposite 11．A．effort B．trouble C．risk D．success 12．A．sleeping B．riding C．fixing D．swimming 13．A．happily B．angrily C．helplessly D．excitedly 14．A．and B．so C．or D．but 15．A．refused B．joked C．complained D．nodded 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．C 14．D 15．B 【解析】本文主要讲述了作者和表弟骑行33公里后，偶遇一位女孩遗落手提包，两人为归还手提包与轮船展开竞速的暖心故事。 1．句意：骑了33公里后，我和表弟Gabriel很饿。 hungry饥饿的；lazy懒惰的；relaxed放松的；bored无聊的。根据“We planned to get lunch”可知，我们很饿。故选A。 2．句意：我们打算吃午饭，然后骑车返回瓦朗斯，我正在那里和Gabriel的家人一起度假。 walk步行；drive驾驶；ride骑行；fly飞行。根据“33-kilometre cycling”可知，此处指骑车返回。故选C。 3．句意：然后我注意到长椅上有一个色彩鲜艳的手提包。 bench长椅；boat船；bike自行车；bread面包。根据“she sat on a bench”可知，女孩坐在长椅上，离开后包落在长椅上了。故选A。 4．句意：我举起包并挥舞着以引起她的注意。 threw扔；opened打开；dropped掉落；waved挥舞。根据“She was on the upper deck (甲板)! I held up the bag and...it to get her attention”可知，为让甲板上的女孩发现包，应是挥舞包。故选D。 5．句意：当她注意到包时，惊讶地张开了嘴。 in fear恐惧地；in surprise惊讶地；in silence沉默地；in sadness悲伤地。根据“When she noticed the bag, she opened her mouth”可知，发现自己落下的包时，应是感到惊讶。故选B。 6．句意：我们可以归还它！ return归还；borrow借；sell卖；use使用。根据“give back the bag”可知，此处表示可以归还包。故选A。 7．句意：“太好了！但你认为我们能追上吗？” 我问道。 break down故障；catch up追上；go out出去；get away逃离。根据“caught up to the Voyageur”可知，此处询问能否追上船。故选B。 8．句意：现在这是一场比赛：我们与船的竞速。 her她；it它；them他们；us我们。“a race”指代“与船赛跑”的行为，用代词us代指代我和表弟。故选D。 9．句意：如果船比我们先到瓦朗斯，我们可能再也没有机会归还包了。 usually通常；sometimes有时；never从未；always总是。根据“If the boat beat us to Valence”可知，如果船比我们先到，我们应是再也没有机会归还包。故选C。 10．句意：当船从我们身后消失时，我们自信地放慢了速度。 behind在……后面；before在……前；beside在旁边；opposite在对面。根据“we felt confident enough to relax our pace.”可知，船应是从我们身后消失，说明此时我们领先于船。故选A。 11．句意：她注意到我们的麻烦，悲伤地摇了摇头。 effort努力；trouble麻烦；risk风险；success成功。根据“Then it happened: pffft! Flat tire (轮胎漏气)!”和“and shook her head sadly”可知，轮胎漏气是麻烦，女孩看到我们的困境后悲伤地摇头。故选B。 12．句意：快速修理后，我们重新上路了。 sleeping睡觉；riding骑行；fixing修理；swimming游泳。根据“Then it happened: pffft! Flat tire (轮胎漏气)!”和“we were back on our way”可知，轮胎漏气后，需要修理，才能重新上路。故选C。 13．句意：我们无助地看着船消失在弯道处。 happily开心地；angrily愤怒地；helplessly无助地；excitedly兴奋地。根据“The boat pulled ahead...as the boat disappeared around a bend”可知，船开走时我们未能追上，应是感到无助。故选C。 14．句意：最后我们到了，但Voyageur号已经靠岸了。 and并且；so所以；or或者；but但是。空格前后句为转折关系，故应用but连接。故选D。 15．句意：“不，是你的船跟着我们，” 我开玩笑说。 refused拒绝；joked开玩笑；complained抱怨；nodded点头。根据“Until I got a flat tire, that is.”可知，此处在开玩笑。故选B。 方｜法｜提｜练 01通读全文，掌握大意。 浏览全文，对时间、地点、人物及事件有一个大致的把握。对每段的第一、二句进行详读，弄清楚每一段侧重讲什么内容。 02根据语意、逻辑，推测空缺处选项。 在把握短文大意基础上，结合上下文和已学知识对空缺处进行合乎逻辑的推理。可以从语法、词语固定搭配、词形变化等考虑。答题过程中把握不准的可以先放下，避免在单个题上浪费时间。 03再读全文，解决疑难点。 再次通读短文，分析整体语篇，理解作者的意图和文章的主旨，根据上下文之间的联系对疑难空缺处做出选择。 04仔细检查短文。 快速通读短文，检查时注意文章是否流畅，所填写的词汇是否是最佳词汇，其在语法、搭配上是否有误等。 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $