Unit 3 Grammar 课件 2025-2026学年译林版七年级英语下册

Unit 3 My hometown Grammar Learning objectives By the end of the lesson, we will be able to... 1 2 4 use the learned articles and prepositions of place to make oral and written descriptions of scenes. master the definition and usage of the indefinite articles "a" and "an" and the definite article "the"; master the usage of common prepositions of place; 3 tell the differences between “a” “an” and “the”; Lead in Presentation A cat can learn new tricks quickly. The cat cannot. Dogs are humans’ friends. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. article indefinite article (a /an) definite article (the) A Using a, an, the Read the sentences and laern. 冠词：一般用在名词前，对名词起限定作用。 zero article Presentation 一、不定冠词a, an的用法 a an 以辅音音素开头的单词 以元音音素开头的单词 a pencil a ball a book an apple an orange an umbrella 概念：不定冠词a/an是用于单数可数名词前，对名词起限定作用的一种虚词，表泛指，即表示所说的人或物对听者或读者来说可能是不明确的。 Presentation 有些单词虽然以元音字母开头，但发音却是以辅音音素开头 e.g. a university /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/ a one-way / ˌwʌn ˈweɪ / ticket a European /ˌjʊərəˈpiːən / 有些单词虽然以辅音字母开头，但发音却是以元音音素开头 e.g. an hour /aʊə(r)/ an honest / ˈɒnɪst / boy Attention! Presentation 1.表示数量“一”，但并不强调数目，只表示名词为不特定者。 2.笼统地指某人或某物，不具体说明。 3.泛指某一类人或事物。 a key 一把钥匙 an English girl 一位英国女孩 A woman wants to talk to you. （不具体说明哪位女性） A panda likes to eat bamboo.（泛指熊猫这个物种） Presentation 4.表示首次提到的人或事物(常用于介绍用语中)。 6.用在某些固定短语中。 5.用于抽象名词前，使抽象名词具体化，表示“一次、一种、一场”等。 This is an English teacher. There is a ruler on the desk. It’s a pity to miss your speech. She is a success to her father. have a good time 玩得开心 have/take a rest 休息一下 in a hurry 匆忙 have a try 试一试 have a cold/fever 感冒/发热 a number of ......的数量 Presentation 二、定冠词the的用法 概念：the是定冠词，表示特指的人、物或群体，其作用有时相当于指示代词this, that, these, those, 表示“这(个)，那(个)，这些，那些”。它可以用在名词前，表示特指说话双方都知道的或上文提到的人或物。 专有名词 独一无二 前面提到过 说话双方都知道的 Presentation 2.指说话双方都知道的人或事物。 3.用在形容词、副词的最高级前。 the sun太阳 the earth地球 the moon月亮 What colour is the book? the tallest boy the most 1.用在世界上独一无二的事物前。 独 双 高 4.用在用在方位名词前。 the east东方 the west西方 方 有修饰词用a/an a bright moon Presentation 6.与play连用时，用在乐器名词前。 8.用在序数词前。 the Greens 格林一家 play the piano 弹钢琴 the Great Wall长城 the Yellow River 5.the +姓氏的复数形式，表示一家人 7.与专有名词连用。 the first place 第一名 the second time 第二次 家 乐器 专有 序 Presentation 9.指上文提到的人或事物。 10.用在许多固定短语或惯用语中 There is a book on the ground. The book is mine. in the morning 在早上 by the way顺便提及 at the same time 与此同时 on the whole总的来说 the number of 许多，大量 in the end最后 口诀： 一独 二双 三高 四方 五家 乐器 专有 序 上文提及 惯用语 上文 惯用 We use a or an when we mention a person/thing for the first time.We use the:when we talk about a specific person/thing;when we mention a person/thing for the second time;before some proper nouns;when there is only one of something Presentation We use _______when we mention a person/thing for the first time. We use _______: when we talk about a specific person/thing; when we mention a person/thing for the second time;before some proper nouns; when there is only one of something. a/an the Presentation 三、零冠词 Think：什么时候不用冠词呢？ 1.吃喝玩乐前不加the(三餐、球类运动、棋) have dinner play volleyball play chess 3.人名、地名、国家名、城市名、街道名 4.称呼、职位、头衔前不加the 2.季节、月份、星期、西方节日前不加the in summer in April on Friday at Christmas John visited People Square in Shanghai, China. Mrs.Xu Doctor Li General Wang 国家缩写要加the the USA Presentation 三、零冠词 Think：什么时候不用冠词呢？ 5.名词前已有代词及some/any修饰时，不加the This the pen is mine. I have the some money. 6.by +交通工具 by bike/ car/ air/ subway 7.语言、学科前不加the I like English. × × 有代无冠 Practice the a / an the a Practice Work in pairs The Water Cube is an amazing building. It held the 2008 Olympic Games and it opens to visitors now. It’s a great place to enjoy swimming and other sports. Lead in Presentation The pencil is in the bucket. The eraser is in front of Coco. The ruler is on the box. B Prepositions of place 我们常用方位介词来表示人或物的位置 Presentation Look at the picture and read its description. Presentation inside the shop outside the shop in front of the shop behind the shop beside the boy under the bench next to the bench below the snacks above the drinks in Beihai Park Presentation 方位介词 含义 例句 at in “在……处” at+小地点 in+大地点 He isn’t at school. He is at home. I’m working in Beijing. on above over “在……上” on表面接触 above侧上方，不接触 over正上方，不接触 There is a book on my desk. There is a poster above my desk. There is a light over my desk. under below “在……下” under正下方，不接触 below侧下方，不接触 There is a ball under my chair. They live below us. Presentation 方位介词 含义 例句 in front of in the front of “在……前” in front of外部前面 in the front of 内部前面 Boys stands in front of the rooms. Boys stands in the front of the room. inside outside 在……里面 在……外面 I am inside the house now. Who stands outside the door? beside/next to “在……旁边”可以互换 I live beside /next to the school. across through “穿过” across从表面穿过 through从内部穿过 They walk across the road. He walk through the forest. Presentation 方位介词 含义 例句 between among “在……之间” between两者之间 among三者及以上之间 There is no secrets between us. She sings among the dancers. behind “在……后面” 与before对应 Jack sits before Jim and behind Amy. along “沿着” We walk along the river. near “在……附近” I live near the school. around “在……周围” There is a fence around the garden. Practice under In front of beside above inside Behind Practice Sentence Structures: In front of a ..., there is... You can see a ... under the ... Next to/ Beside the ... is .... There is ... behind the ... On the right, .... On the left, ..... Summary Using a, an and the 不定冠词 用法 举例 a 辅音音素开头的单词前 a book/ a friend an 元音音素开头的单词前 an apple/ an hour 1.表示数量“一” 2.笼统地指某人或某物，不具体说明。 3.泛指某一类人或物 4.首次提到的人或物 5.用于抽象名词前，使抽象名词具体化 6.用在某些固定短语中 a/an Summary Using a, an and the 2.双方都知道的人或物 3.形容词、副词的最高级前 1.独一无二的事物 4.方位 6.乐器 8.序数词 5.the +姓氏复数，表示一家人 7.专有名词 9.指上文提到的人或事物。 10.用在固定短语或惯用语中 the Summary Prepositions of place Exercises 一、用合适的冠词a, an, the和/ 填空 1．He is ____cleverest student in our class and always gets ____ first. 2．____girl in white is _____ teacher. 3．We can’t see ____ sun at ____night. 4．She likes playing ____ violin. 5．______Browns usually go to church on ______Sundays. 6. Millie is ______ honest girl. She never tells lies. 7. ______girl is _______exchange student from London. 8. People enjoy ______full moon at the Mid-autumn Festival. 9. I have_____ apple. It’s in my bag. Can you see_____apple? 10. Look at_____map. It’s_____map of_____China. the the The a the / the The / an the an a an the The a / 二、选择合适的介词填空 1.The cat is sleeping ______ the box. (inside / outside) 2.The tree is ____________ the house. (in front of / in the front of) 3.The clouds are ______ our heads. (above / below) 4.My schoolbag is ______ the desk. (beside / over) 5.The temperature in winter is 5 degrees ______ zero. (below / above) 6.The supermarket is ______ my house. (next to / inside) 7.There is a bridge ______ the river. (over / above) 8.The river flow_______many cities.(across/ through) 9.There are many relations ________China and the US.(between/ among) 10.The train arrives ______Shanghai at 10:00am.(at/ in) inside in front of above beside below next to over through between in 三、完成句子 1.天安门广场是市中心的一个广场。 _______________________________________________ 2.这里还有颐和园，一个令人惊叹的中国传统园林。 _______________________________________________ 3.它是位于北京北部的一个现代化体育场。 _______________________________________________ 4.在左边，零食下面有一些饮料。 ________________________________________________ 5.长椅上空的树叶在风中摇曳。 ________________________________________________ Tian'anmen Square is a square in the centre of the city. There is also the Summer Palace, an amazing traditional Chinese garden. It is a modern stadium in the north of Beijing. On the left, there are some drinks below the snacks. The leaves of the tree over the bench are waving in the wind. Homework Summarize the rules of articles and prepositions of place by using a mind map or a table; Use a, an, the and prepostions of place to describe your bedroom, at least five sentences. Required Optional Write a short article to introduce a place of interest in foreign country using a, an, the and prepostions of place. Thank you! Lavf59.27.100 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 Lavf59.27.100 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 $