Unit 5 Country Life（易错题专项练习·语法提升）英语鲁科版五四制五年级下册

Unit 5 Country Life 专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练 高频易错点03 一般现在时与频率副词 高频易错点01 There be 句型的单复数与就近原则 高频易错点02 How many 与可数名词复数 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 There be 句型的单复数与就近原则 高频易错点01 There be 句型表示“某地有某物”，be 动词的形式由离它最近的名词决定（就近原则）。 核心结构 1.There is + 单数可数名词 / 不可数名词 + 其他 There is a river near the village. There is some milk in the bottle. 2.There are + 复数可数名词 + 其他 There are many ducks in the river. There are some tomatoes in the garden. 3.就近原则：当有多个名词并列时，be 动词与最近的名词保持一致。 There is a pen and two books on the desk. There are two books and a pen on the desk. 易错点提示 看到后面的名词是复数，就误用 are，忽略了就近原则。 在疑问句和否定句中，误用 some 而不是 any。 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1.There ______ a river and many trees near the village. A. is B. are C. be ( )2.Are there ______ fish in the river? A. some B. any C. a ( )3.There ______ some potatoes in the soil. A. is B. are C. was 句型转换 1.There is a river near the village.（改为一般疑问句） _________________________________________ 2.There are some ducks in the river.（改为否定句） __________________________________ 点拨 选择题答案及解析 1.答案：A。离 be 动词最近的是单数名词 a river，所以用 is。 2.答案：B。疑问句中表示“一些”用 any，some 多用于肯定句。 3.答案：B。potatoes 是复数名词，所以用 are。 句型转换答案及解析 1.Is there a river near the village? 解析：There be 句型变一般疑问句，将 be 动词提前。 2.There aren't any ducks in the river. 解析：变否定句在 be 动词后加 not，同时将 some 变为 any。 How many 与可数名词复数高频易错点02 How many 用于对可数名词的数量进行提问，后面必须跟可数名词复数。 核心结构 How many + 可数名词复数 + 一般疑问句？ How many ducks do you have? How many sheep are there on the farm? 回答：直接用数字或 There are + 数字 + 名词复数。 — How many ducks do you have? — Twenty-one. / There are twenty-one ducks. 易错点提示 How many 后忘记使用名词复数形式。 回答 How many 的提问时，误用单数主语 It's。 混淆 How many（对可数名词提问）和 How much（对不可数名词或价格提问）。 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1.— How many ______ do you have? — I have five. A. goat B. goats C. a goat ( )2.— How many sheep are there? — ______ six. A. It's B. They're C. There is ( )3.______ potatoes are there in the soil? A. How many B. How much C. How 句型转换 1.They have twenty-one ducks.（对划线部分提问） _______________________________________ 2.There are five goats on the farm.（对划线部分提问） _______________________________________ 点拨 选择题答案及解析 1.答案：B。How many 后接可数名词复数，goat 的复数是 goats。 2.答案：B。问句主语 sheep 是复数，回答也应用复数 They're。 3.答案：A。potatoes 是可数名词复数，对其数量提问用 How many。 句型转换答案及解析 1.How many ducks do they have? 解析：对数量 twenty-one 提问，用 How many 引导，后接复数名词 ducks。 2.How many goats are there on the farm? 解析：对数量 five 提问，用 How many 引导，后接复数名词 goats。 一般现在时与频率副词 高频易错点03 一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，常与频率副词（often, usually, sometimes）连用。当主语是第三人称单数时，动词要使用第三人称单数形式。 核心结构 1.主语 + 频率副词 + 动词原形/动词第三人称单数 + 其他 I often help my parents. He often helps his parents. 2.动词第三人称单数变化规则 一般直接加 -s：work → works 以 s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾的动词加 -es：go → goes, watch → watches 以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词，变 y 为 i 再加 -es：study → studies 3.频率副词位置：一般放在实义动词之前，be 动词、助动词之后。 He usually goes to school by bus. He is often late for school. 易错点提示 第三人称单数作主语时，动词忘记加 -s 或 -es。 频率副词的位置放错。 混淆一般现在时和现在进行时的用法。 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1.He often ______ his parents feed the cows after school. A. help B. helps C. helped ( )2.At the weekend, she usually ______ to her father's orchard. A. go B. goes C. going ( )3.They ______ science classes in the field sometimes. A. have B. has C. had 用所给词的适当形式填空 1.He often ______ (pick) fruit on the weekend. 2.They usually ______ (go) fishing on Sundays. 3.Sometimes she ______ (have) science classes in the field. 点拨 选择题答案及解析 1.答案：B。主语 He 是第三人称单数，动词用 helps。 2.答案：B。主语 she 是第三人称单数，动词用 goes。 3.答案：A。主语 They 是复数，动词用原形 have。 填空题答案及解析 1.picks。主语 He 是第三人称单数，动词用 picks。 2.go。主语 They 是复数，动词用原形 go。 3.has。主语 she 是第三人称单数，动词用 has。 综合训练 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.My grandpa often ______ (feed) the chickens in the morning. 2.There ______ (be) a big tree and some flowers near the farm house. 3.How many ______ (sheep) are there on the grassland? 4.She sometimes ______ (pick) apples in her father's orchard. 5.There ______ (be) some milk in the bottle just now. 6.They usually ______ (have) science classes in the field on Fridays. 7.He ______ (go) fishing with his uncle last weekend. 8.There ______ (be) many ducks in the river last summer. 9.My mother often ______ (help) my grandma do farm work. 10.We ______ (visit) the country farm last Sunday. 二、单项选择 ( )1. ______ there a river near your village? A. Is B. Are C. Be ( )2. —How many ______ do you see in the garden? —Ten. A. tomato B. tomatos C. tomatoes ( )3. He usually ______ to the country by bike on weekends. A. go B. goes C. going ( )4. There ______ some potatoes in the soil yesterday. A. is B. are C. were ( )5. —______ milk is there in the glass? —A little. A. How many B. How much C. How ( )6. They sometimes ______ cows on the farm after school. A. milk B. milks C. milked ( )7. ______ beautiful the country life is! A. What B. What a C. How ( )8. There ______ two books and a pen on the desk just now. A. is B. was C. were ( )9. —Did you ______ fruit in the orchard last week? —Yes, I did. A. pick B. picks C. picked ( )10. My father often ______ TV after finishing the farm work. A. watch B. watches C. watched 三、句型转换 1.There is a lake near the village.（改为一般疑问句） ______ ______ a lake near the village? 2.He often helps his parents do farm work.（改为否定句） He ______ often ______ his parents do farm work. 3.There are some ducks in the river.（改为否定句） There ______ ______ ducks in the river. 4.They have twenty sheep on the farm.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ sheep ______ they have on the farm? 5.She usually picks pears in the orchard.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ she usually ______ in the orchard? 6.There was a big farm in the country.（改为复数句） There ______ many big ______ in the country. 7.He went fishing with his friend yesterday.（改为一般疑问句） ______ he ______ fishing with his friend yesterday? 8.The children have science classes in the field sometimes.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ the children have science classes sometimes? 9.There are some trees behind the house.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ behind the house? 10.It is a beautiful country village.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ beautiful country village it is! 四、补全对话 从方框中选择合适的选项补全对话，其中有一项多余。 A. What do you often do there? B. Is there a river near the farm? C. Do you like country life? D. How many animals are there on the farm? E. Where do you usually go on weekends? F. Are there any fruit trees in the orchard? A: 1________________________ B: I usually go to my uncle's farm in the country. A: 2________________________ B: Yes, there is a clean river near it. And there are many ducks in the river. A: 3________________________ B: There are some cows, sheep and chickens on the farm. A: 4________________________ B: Yes, there are apple trees and pear trees. I often pick fruit there. A: 5________________________ B: Yes, I like it very much. It's very interesting. 五、从方框中选择合适的词补全短文 用所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 live, have, is, go, milk, pick, are, do, play, visit My name is Tom. I 1______ in a small village. There 2______ a big farm near my home. My uncle 3______ on the farm. I often 4______ the farm on weekends. There 5______ many animals and fruit trees there. I usually 6______ the cows and 7______ apples with my cousin. Sometimes we 8______ football on the grass. My uncle 9______ a small garden. There are some vegetables in it. I like country life very much. I always 10______ a good time there. 参考答案 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. feeds 2. is 3. sheep 4. picks 5. was 6. have 7. went 8. were 9. helps 10. visited 1. feeds 解析：句中“often”（经常）是一般现在时的标志，主语My grandpa是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用三单形式，feed的三单形式为feeds，故填feeds。 2. is 解析：本题考查There be句型的就近原则，靠近be动词的是单数名词a big tree，因此be动词用is，故填is。 3. sheep 解析：“How many”（多少）后接可数名词复数，sheep是特殊名词，单复数同形，无需变形，故填sheep。 4. picks 解析：句中“sometimes”（有时）是一般现在时的标志，主语She是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用三单形式，pick的三单形式为picks，故填picks。 5. was 解析：句中“just now”（刚才）是过去时间标志，句子需用一般过去时；milk是不可数名词，对应的be动词过去式为was，故填was。 6. have 解析：句中“usually”（通常）是一般现在时的标志，主语They是复数，谓语动词用原形，故填have。 7. went 解析：句中“last weekend”（上周末）是过去时间标志，句子需用一般过去时。go是不规则动词，过去式为went，故填went。 8. were 解析：句中“last summer”（去年夏天）是过去时间标志，句子需用一般过去时；many ducks是复数名词，对应的be动词过去式为were，故填were。 9. helps 解析：句中“often”（经常）是一般现在时的标志，主语My mother是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用三单形式，help的三单形式为helps，故填helps。 10. visited 解析：句中“last Sunday”（上周日）是过去时间标志，句子需用一般过去时，visit是规则动词，过去式直接加-ed，故填visited。 二、单项选择 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.B 1.A 解析：本题考查There be句型的一般疑问句，主语a river是单数，be动词用is，句首首字母大写，故选A。 2.C 解析：“How many”（多少）后接可数名词复数，tomato的复数形式是tomatoes（以o结尾的有生命名词，变复数加-es），故选C。 3.B 解析：句中“usually”（通常）是一般现在时的标志，主语He是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用三单形式，go的三单形式为goes，故选B。 4.C 解析：句中“yesterday”（昨天）是过去时间标志，句子需用一般过去时；some potatoes是复数名词，对应的be动词过去式为were，故选C。 5.B 解析：答语“A little”（一点）用于修饰不可数名词，询问不可数名词的数量用How much；How many修饰可数名词复数，How询问方式，故选B。 6.A 解析：句中“sometimes”（有时）是一般现在时的标志，主语They是复数，谓语动词用原形，milk此处为动词“挤奶”，用原形即可，故选A。 7.C 解析：本题考查感叹句，感叹句结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”，句中beautiful是形容词，符合How引导的感叹句结构；What用于修饰名词，故选C。 8.C 解析：本题考查There be句型的就近原则和一般过去时，“just now”（刚才）提示用过去时，靠近be动词的是two books（复数），对应的be动词过去式为were，故选C。 9.A 解析：问句是一般过去时的一般疑问句，助动词Did后接动词原形，pick用原形即可；picks是三单形式，picked是过去式，均不符合，故选A。 10.B 解析：句中“often”（经常）是一般现在时的标志，主语My father是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用三单形式，watch的三单形式为watches，故选B。 三、句型转换 1.Is there 2. doesn't; help 3. aren't any 4. How many; do 5. What does; pick 6. were; farms 7. Did; go 8. Where do 9. What is 10. What a 1.Is there 解析：原句是一般现在时的There be句型肯定句，改为一般疑问句时，将be动词is提到句首，首字母大写，其余不变，故填Is there。 2.doesn't; help 解析：原句是一般现在时的肯定句，主语He是第三人称单数，改为否定句需加助动词doesn't，后接动词原形help，故填doesn't和help。 3.aren't any 解析：原句是一般现在时的There be句型肯定句，改为否定句时，在be动词are后加not（缩写为aren't），some在否定句中变为any，故填aren't any。 4.How many; do 解析：划线部分“twenty”（二十）是数量，修饰可数名词sheep，用How many提问；原句是一般现在时，主语They是复数，需加助动词do，故填How many和do。 5.What does; pick 解析：划线部分“pears”（梨）是物品，用What提问；原句是一般现在时，主语She是第三人称单数，需加助动词does，后接动词原形pick，故填What does和pick。 6.were; farms 解析：原句是一般过去时的单数句，改为复数句时，be动词was变为were，单数名词farm变为复数farms，故填were和farms。 7.Did; go 解析：原句是一般过去时的肯定句，改为一般疑问句需加助动词Did（句首大写），后接动词原形go，故填Did和go。 8.Where do 解析：划线部分“in the field”（在田野里）是地点，用Where提问；原句是一般现在时，主语The children是复数，需加助动词do，故填Where do。 9.What is 解析：划线部分“some trees”（一些树）是物品，用What提问；原句是一般现在时，be动词用is，故填What is。 10.What a 解析：本题考查感叹句，感叹句结构为“What+a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语！”，句中beautiful是形容词，country village是单数名词，且beautiful以辅音音素开头，用a，故填What a。 四、补全对话 1.E 2.B 3.D 4.F 5.C 1.E 解析：根据答语“I usually go to my uncle’s farm in the country.”（我通常去乡下我叔叔的农场。）可知，问句是询问对方周末通常去哪里，选项E“Where do you usually go on weekends?”（你周末通常去哪里？）符合语境，故选E。 2.B 解析：根据答语“Yes, there is a clean river near it.”（是的，它附近有一条干净的河。）可知，问句是There be句型的一般疑问句，询问农场附近是否有河，选项B“Is there a river near the farm?”（农场附近有河吗？）符合语境，故选B。 3.D 解析：根据答语“There are some cows, sheep and chickens on the farm.”（农场里有一些牛、羊和鸡。）可知，问句是询问农场里有多少动物，选项D“How many animals are there on the farm?”（农场里有多少动物？）符合语境，故选D。 4.F 解析：根据答语“Yes, there are apple trees and pear trees. I often pick fruit there.”（是的，有苹果树和梨树。我经常在那里摘水果。）可知，问句是询问果园里是否有果树，选项F“Are there any fruit trees in the orchard?”（果园里有果树吗？）符合语境，故选F。 5.C 解析：根据答语“Yes, I like it very much. It’s very interesting.”（是的，我非常喜欢它。它很有趣。）可知，问句是询问对方是否喜欢乡村生活，选项C“Do you like country life?”（你喜欢乡村生活吗？）符合语境，故选C。 五、从方框中选择合适的词补全短文 1.live 2.is 3.works 4.visit 5.are 6.milk 7.pick 8.play 9.has 10.have 1.live 解析：句子陈述“我住在一个小村庄里”，是一般现在时，主语I是第一人称，谓语动词用原形，故填live。 2.is 解析：本题考查There be句型的就近原则，靠近be动词的是单数名词a big farm，因此be动词用is，故填is。 3.works 解析：结合语境，“我叔叔在农场工作”，是一般现在时，主语My uncle是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用三单形式，work的三单形式为works，故填works。 4.visit 解析：句中“often”（经常）是一般现在时的标志，主语I是第一人称，谓语动词用原形，故填visit。 5.are 解析：本题考查There be句型的就近原则，靠近be动词的是复数名词many animals，因此be动词用are，故填are。 6.milk 解析：句中“usually”（通常）是一般现在时的标志，主语I是第一人称，谓语动词用原形，milk此处为动词“挤奶”，故填milk。 7.pick 解析：and连接两个并列的谓语动词，形式需一致，前面用原形milk，此处也用原形pick，故填pick。 8.play 解析：句中“sometimes”（有时）是一般现在时的标志，主语we是复数，谓语动词用原形，play football是固定搭配，故填play。 9.has 解析：句子陈述“我叔叔有一个小花园”，是一般现在时，主语My uncle是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用三单形式，have的三单形式为has，故填has。 10.have 解析：“have a good time”（玩得开心）是固定搭配，句子是一般现在时，主语I是第一人称，谓语动词用原形，故填have。 第 1 页 共 14 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $