Unit 1 People of Achievement Learning About Language 分层同步练习 2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Learning About Language 一、必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.The building,which was designed by Mr Lee,can stand up 　　　　　　strong winds and earthquakes.  2.Success is not achieved overnight 　　　　　　through continuous efforts.  3.Suddenly,it struck him 　　　　　　he shouldn’t have told the secret to his friend.  4.After months of intense workouts,the sneakers showed obvious signs of wear 　　　　　　tear.  5.Studying historical events helps us draw the 　　　　　　　(conclude) that we should learn from the past.  Ⅱ.单句类语法题 1.Mr Yang,　　　　　　　　 is a professor from Beihang University,will briefly introduce the history of China’s space industry.  2.The research team consisted of experts in various fields,most of 　　　　　　had years of experience in their respective areas.  3.The Jiangsu countryside is home to a lot of small beautiful water towns,many of 　　　　　　are located along the Grand Canal.  4.They were grateful to Mr White,without 　　　　　help they wouldn’t have succeeded in solving the difficult problem.  5.Have you ever been to the Louvre Museum in Paris,　　　　　　 you can see many famous paintings on display?  6.The year 1969 was a great and special year,　　　　　　 man first landed on the moon.  Ⅲ.综合性语法题 用适当的关系词完成短文 1.　　　　　　 we all know,Jane Goodall is one of the most famous scientists in animals in the world.She has made great contributions to studying and protecting animals,especially chimps,2.　　　　　　 which she is respected by the public.  Jane’s love for animal behaviour began in early childhood,3.　　　　　　 she was given a boon about animals as a birthday gift.From an early age,she dreamed of traveling to Africa,4.　　　　　　 she could observe wild animals in their natural habitats.  In 1960,Jane went to the Gombe National Park in East Africa with her mother,5.　　　　　　 supported her idea.At first,chimps ran away when she got close.With two years going by,chimps showed no fear and often came to her in search of food,6.　　　　　　 gave her chance to observe them.By staying with chimps,Jane discovered a number of previously unobserved behaviour:She noticed chimps have a complex social system,they eat meat and that they can use and make tools,all of 7.are surprising.The public think highly of Jane Goodall,without 8.　　　　　　 hard work we can’t have a better understanding of chimps.  Besides writing books,Jane also set up organizations to help and protect wild animals.She founded Roots & Shoots in the early 1990s,9.　　　　　　 purpose is to educate young people so that they can help to build a future 10.　　　　　　 is secure and live together in peace with nature.  二、能力素养提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解 (2025广东佛山高二阶段练习) Clarissa Barton,known as Clara,would later make the history of her own as the “Angel of the Battlefield” in the Civil War and as the founder of the American Red Cross disaster-relief agency.Clara Barton’s long life was dedicated to(致力于) serving others. She was born in Massachusetts on December 25,1821,the youngest of Stephen and Sarah Barton’s five children.She became a teacher at age 17 and started two schools,but left teaching when a man was hired on twice her salary (工资).In her 30s,she moved to Washington,D.C.,and joined the United States Patent Office as a recording clerk,the first woman in that role.But her boss didn’t agree with women working in the government,so she was demoted (降职).These experiences led to Barton’s later support for civil(公民的) rights. After the Civil War began in 1861,she repeatedly transported food and other supplies to where the need was greatest.She got the nickname “Angel of the Battlefield” after tirelessly tending Union (Northern) soldiers wounded at the Battle of Cedar Mountain in Culpeper County,Virginia,in August 1862. When the war ended,Barton launched an effort to find missing Union soldiers.Over four years,more than 22,000 were identified.She also helped to educate people. Extremely tired,Barton went to Europe to rest.In Switzerland,she learned of a new organization,the International Committee of the Red Cross.She returned to the United States and in 1881 formed the American Red Cross.She led the group for 23 years,providing help for people who suffered floods,earthquakes,fires,droughts,and tornadoes around the world. Even at age 83,she wasn’t done.Her final years were spent starting an association (协会) that promoted first-aid instruction and emergency preparedness.She died at her home in Glen Echo,Maryland,now a national historic site,in April 1912.Her last words were “Let me go.Let me go.” After 75 years dedicated to helping others,it was time. 1.What once led to Barton’s support for civil rights? A.She didn’t have the chance to study with boys. B.She was little cared about by her family. C.She was not praised by her teacher ever. D.She didn’t get the same treatment as men. 2.What happened when Barton returned to America? A.She chose to stay in her hometown for the rest of her life. B.She formed an organization to help people in need. C.She asked people to protect national historic sites. D.She started to learn about a new organization. 3.This text is developed 　　　.  A.by space B.by comparison C.by process D.by time Ⅴ.完形填空 In 17th-century Europe,it was unheard of for a woman to travel by herself,but that didn’t stop Maria Sibylla Merian.In 1699,she and her daughter Dorothea 　1　 from Amsterdam to Surinam in South America.The three-month voyage was 　2　 but she was determined to go.She wanted to be the first person to go to a foreign country to study and paint insects 　3　 from nature.  When they arrived in Surinam,Maria and Dorothea 　4　 working.Day after day,they took their painting 　5　 into the hot rainforest to collect and draw insects and plants.Artists had never done such a thing before.Still life painters drew from dead specimens (标本).But Maria had always been interested in painting 　6　 animals and plants.  In the rainforest,she 　7　 ladders (梯子) to study and collect insects.She had trees cut down so she could see what 　8　 at the top level of the forest more than a hundred feet overhead.Maria combined both 　9　 and science in her work.As a skilled 　10　,she kept detailed notes.  After two years,she had to 　11　 Surinam.The 　12　 was unbearable and she was ill with malaria.But she had more than enough material for a(n) 　13　.In June 1701,Maria and Dorothea went back to Amsterdam.  Four years later,in 1705,Maria 　14　 the book for which she is best known,Metamorphosis of the Insects of Surinam.The paintings of insects and plants in their natural habitats 　15　 the scientific study of insects.  1.A.sailed B.flew C.drove D.walked 2.A.pleasant B.dangerous C.remarkable D.short 3.A.directly B.quickly C.gradually D.slightly 4.A.stopped B.started C.loved D.tried 5.A.prizes B.works C.materials D.paints 6.A.sick B.ancient C.living D.rare 7.A.invented B.extracted C.jumped D.climbed 8.A.wandered B.stretched C.floated D.lived 9.A.art B.music C.literature D.technology 10.A.observer B.student C.novelist D.journalist 11.A.leave B.bless C.defeat D.keep 12.A.insect B.smell C.heat D.food 13.A.essay B.journal C.painting D.book 14.A.published B.assessed C.banned D.adjusted 15.A.ceased B.advanced C.revealed D.opposed Ⅵ.语法填空 (2025河北秦皇岛高二阶段练习) Two Americans,Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun have won the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discovery of genetic (基因的) material 1.　　　　　　(call) microRNA.  The Nobel Assembly decided to award the two for identifying genetic molecules (分子) that help control how genes work.The Nobel Assembly said the discovery is proving to be 2.　　　　　　(true) important for how organisms (生物体) develop and function.In 3.　　　　　　(explain) the importance of the work,the two scientists said it showed a completely new principle of gene regulation that turned out to be essential for multicellular (多细胞的) organisms,including humans.RNA takes genetic information from DNA through 4.　　　　　　 process which is called transcription.RNA then becomes involved in protein 5.　　　　　　(produce) or other activities within the cells.Ambros and Ruvkun found that microRNA is needed for normal genetic development.Changes in the way that microRNA functions can contribute 6.　　　　　　 major genetic changes over time.The changes can lead to 7.　　　　　　(disease) such as cancer,diabetes and autoimmune illnesses.At first,Ambros and Ruvkun were interested in genes that control when genetic developments take place.These developments ensure that 8.　　　　　　(difference) kinds of cells develop at the right time.The two scientists studied the genetic material 9.　　　　　　 is commonly used for research.After some time,they finally found that microRNA controlled the mutation (突变).They also believe that this mutation has permitted organisms 10.　　　　　　(change).  知识积累卡 一、重点单词 1.bear vt.　　　　　　　　　→bearable adj.　　　　　　　　→unbearable adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　  2.identify vt.　　　　　　　　　→identity n.　　　　　　　　　　　　→ identification n.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  二、词块速记 1.make the history of 　　　　　　　　　　　　  2.turn out 　　　　　　　　　　　  3.become involved in 　　　　　　　　　　　　  三、经典句式背诵 She wanted to be the first person to go to a foreign country to study and paint insects directly from nature. 句意:_______________________________________________________________ 参考答案 Ⅰ.1.to　2.but　3.that　4.and　5.conclusion Ⅱ.1.who　2.whom　3.which　4.whose　5.where 6.when Ⅲ.1.As　2.for　3.when　4.where　5.who　6.which　7.which　8.whose　9.whose　10.that/which Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国女人道主义者、美国红十字会的创建人Clarissa Barton的故事。 1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She became a teacher at age 17 and started two schools,but left teaching when a man was hired on twice her salary (工资)...These experiences led to Barton’s later support for civil (公民的) rights.”可知,Barton在学校教书时获得的工资只有男教师的一半,这也是促使她为民权奋斗的原因之一。故选D项。 2.B　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“She returned to the United States and in 1881 formed the American Red Cross.She led the group for 23 years,providing help for people who suffered floods,earthquakes,fires,droughts,and tornadoes around the world.”可知,Barton返回美国后成立了一个组织来帮助有需要的人。故选B项。 3.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“on December 25,1821”,“at age 17”,“In her 30s”,第三段中的“in 1861”,“in August 1862”,以及倒数第二段中的“at age 83”和“in April 1912”可知,这篇文章是按照时间顺序向读者介绍了Clarissa Barton的故事。故选D项。 Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇人物传记。文章详细叙述了17世纪女性科学家和艺术家Maria Sibylla Merian的生平事迹,特别是她前往苏里南进行昆虫和植物研究并出版相关书籍的经历。 1.A　根据下文“The three-month voyage was 　　　but she was determined to go.”中的“voyage”可知,她和女儿从阿姆斯特丹起航。故选A项。  2.B　根据上文“In 17th-century Europe,it was unheard of for a woman to travel by herself,but that didn’t stop Maria Sibylla Merian.”以及常理可知,这三个月的航行非常危险。故选B项。 3.A　根据下文“Day after day,they took their painting 　　　into the hot rainforest to collect and draw insects and plants.”可知,她希望直接从大自然研究和绘制昆虫。故选A项。  4.B　根据下文“Day after day,they took their painting 　　　into the hot rainforest to collect and draw insects and plants.”可知,她们一到达就开始投入工作。故选B项。  5.C　根据空后的“draw insects and plants”可推测,她们是带着绘画材料进入雨林开始绘制昆虫和植物。故选C项。 6.C　根据上文“Still life painters drew from dead specimens (标本)”可知,当时其他的静物画家都是根据死亡的标本进行绘制;根据本句句首的“But”可推测,Maria想要画活的动植物。故选C项。 7.D　根据空后的“ladders”可推测,她是爬上梯子研究昆虫。故选D项。 8.D　根据上文“She had trees cut down”以及她进入雨林是为了研究昆虫可知,她让人砍倒树是为了看看树顶有什么生物生活着。故选D项。 9.A　根据上文“Day after day,they took their painting 　　　into the hot rainforest to collect and draw insects and plants”可知,Maria研究昆虫和植物并画下来。由此可知,Maria将艺术和科学相结合。故选A项。  10.A　根据下文“she kept detailed notes”可知,她是个很好的观察者,所以能详细记录了自己的所见所闻。故选A项。 11.A　根据下文“In June 1701,Maria and Dorothea went back to Amsterdam.”可知,她不得不离开苏里南。故选A项。 12.C　根据上文“they took their painting 　　　into the hot rainforest”以及常理可知,苏里南温度很高,酷热难忍。故选C项。  13.D　根据下文“Four years later,in 1705,Maria 　　　the book for which she is best known,Metamorphosis of the Insects of Surinam.”可知,她已经积累了足够多的素材来撰写一本书。故选D项。  14.A　根据空后的“the book for which she is best known,Metamorphosis of the Insects of Surinam.”可知,她出版了这本书。故选A项。 15.B　根据常理可知,书中描绘了昆虫和植物在其自然栖息地中的画面,这会推动对昆虫的科学研究。故选B项。 Ⅵ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了两位美国人Victor Ambros和Gary Ruvkun因发现名为microRNA的遗传物质而获得2024年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 1.called　考查非谓语动词。本句的谓语动词是have won,故空处为非谓语动词,genetic material 与call之间为被动关系,需用过去分词。故填called。 2.truly　考查副词。用副词truly修饰形容词important。故填truly。 3.explaining　考查非谓语动词。介词In后接动名词explaining作宾语。故填explaining。 4.a　考查冠词。此处泛指一个过程,用不定冠词,且process首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。 5.production　考查名词。根据空格后的or other activities 可知空处需用名词,produce的名词形式production在句中作宾语。故填production。 6.to　考查介词以及固定搭配。contribute to导致,为固定短语。故填to。 7.diseases　考查名词复数。根据空格后的such as cancer,diabetes and autoimmune illnesses可知名词disease需用复数形式。故填diseases。 8.different　考查形容词。用形容词修饰名词kinds of cells。故填different。 9.that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,先行词为the genetic material,在定语从句中作主语,关系代词应为that/which。故填that/which。 10.to change　考查非谓语动词以及固定搭配。permit sb/sth to do sth允许某人/物做某事。故填to change。 知识积累卡 一、1.忍受;容忍　可忍受的　难以忍受的;承受不住的　2.确认;认出　身份;个体;特征　识别;鉴定;确认;身份证 二、1.创造……的历史　2.证明是;原来是　3.涉及;卷入 三、她想成为第一个去国外直接在自然中研究和画昆虫的人。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $