Unit 6 语法专项课件 简单句与并列复合句、方式副词 2025-2026学年北师大版七年级英语下册

教学课件 北师大英语七年级下册 Unit6 语法专项——简单句与并列复合句、方式副词 全解精讲+分层练习 1 学习目标 掌握简单句的三种核心结构，能正确识别和书写简单句 学会用并列连词and/but/or连接简单句，构成并列复合句 掌握方式副词的构成规则、常见位置和核心用法 能区分形容词和方式副词的用法差异，避免混用 运用所学语法完成单选、填空、句型转换、汉译英等题型 简单句 核心定义 简单句是英语句子的基础形式，结构简洁完整 只包含一个主谓结构，表达一个独立、完整的意思 句中无并列连词，不会拆分出两个或多个独立简单句 任何复杂的英语句子，都可拆解为多个简单句 简单句三种核心结构表 结构类型 构成公式 核心特征 主谓（SV） 主语 + 谓语 谓语为不及物动词，后无宾语 主谓宾（SVO） 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 谓语为及物动词，后接宾语表动作对象 主系表（SVP） 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 系动词连接主语和表语，表主语特征/状态 简单句 主谓（SV）结构 核心是主语加不及物动词，动词后无需接宾语 主语是动作的发出者，谓语动词表达完整动作 常用不及物动词：grow, run, walk, sleep, come 示例：A bird flies. He runs fast. The flowers grow. 简单句 主谓宾（SVO）结构 谓语为及物动词，必须接宾语才能表达完整意思 宾语是动作的承受者，紧跟及物动词之后 常用及物动词：give, take, hug, watch, play 示例：She reads a book. He gives me a pen. They play football. 简单句 主系表（SVP）结构 核心是系动词连接主语和表语，无实际动作 表语多为形容词、名词，描述主语的特征或身份 常用系动词：be(am/is/are), look, feel, become 示例：Penguins are cute. She is a student. The flower looks beautiful. 并列复合句 核心定义 由两个或多个简单句构成，简单句间为并列关系 通过并列连词连接，使多个简单句融合为一个完整句子 每个简单句都有独立的主谓结构，去掉连词可单独成句 作用：让表达更连贯，逻辑更清晰，避免句子零散重复 并列连词 and 用法 and表顺承、并列、补充或因果关系 连接的两个简单句，意思相近、方向一致，无转折 可连接相同的成分，也可连接完整的简单句 示例：I get up early, and I go to school on time. 并列连词 but 用法 but表转折关系，连接的两个简单句意思相反或对比 突出前后内容的差异，是最常用的转折连词 连接时，but前加逗号，后直接接简单句 示例： He is young, but he is very clever. The cat is small, but it runs fast. 并列连词 or 用法 or有两种核心含义，均为并列选择关系 含义1：或者，表两者选其一 含义2：否则，表否定的条件，后接结果 两种用法中，or前均加逗号，连接简单句 示例：You can read a book, or you can watch TV. Hurry up, or you will be late. 并列复合句 连接注意事项 并列连词仅连接两个或多个简单句，不可连接单个单词/短语 连接时，连词前加逗号，后直接接简单句，无需再加标点 每个简单句的主谓结构必须完整，符合简单句的书写规则 避免重复使用并列连词，如不可说and but/or and 方式副词 核心定义 方式副词是副词的重要类别，修饰动词或动词短语 核心作用是说明动作发生的方式，回答“如何做某事”的问题 不能修饰名词，这是与形容词的核心区别 常和实义动词搭配，让动作描述更具体生动 方式副词 常见位置 位置1：句末，这是最常用的位置，简洁自然 示例：He sings well. They walk slowly. 位置2：动词后/宾语后，动词接宾语时，放宾语末尾 示例：She speaks English fluently. He hugged his mother warmly. 方式副词 构成规则（规则变化） 大多数方式副词由形容词 + -ly构成，变形规则简单 直接加-ly：happy → happily, slow → slowly, warm → warmly 以y结尾的形容词，变y为i再加-ly：angry → angrily, busy → busily 以le结尾的形容词，去e加y：gentle → gently, possible → possibly 方式副词 构成规则（不规则变化） 少数高频方式副词为不规则变化，无固定规律，需单独记忆 核心不规则变化：good → well（唯一形容词变副词特殊词） 词形不变型：fast → fast, hard → hard, late → late 注意：hardly不是hard的副词，意为“几乎不”，需区分 形容词与方式副词 核心区别 形容词修饰名词/代词，可作定语（名词前）或表语（系动词后） 方式副词修饰动词/动词短语，放句末或宾语后 形容词无-ly后缀，方式副词多有-ly后缀（不规则除外） 示例：a happy boy（形） He lives happily（副） 语法小练 单项选择 1.She likes reading, ______ she reads every day. A. and B. but C. or 2.He runs ______ in the playground every morning. A. fast B. fastly C. slow 3.The boy is young, ______ he knows a lot of things. A. and B. but C. or 4.They talked ______ in the library so as not to disturb others. A. quiet B. quietly C. loud 5.You can go swimming, ______ you can go hiking this weekend. A. and B. but C. or A A B B C 6.The cake tastes ______, and we eat it ______. A. good; well B. well; good C. good; good 7.Hurry up, ______ you will miss the early bus. A. and B. but C. or 8.She sings ______ at the party, and everyone likes her voice. A. beautiful B. beautifully C. happy 9.He works very ______, so he gets good grades. A. hard B. hardly C. easy 10.The room is clean, ______ it is also very bright. A. and B. but C. or A C B A A 11.I called him, ______ he didn't answer the phone. A. and B. but C. or 12.The children play ______ in the park on Sundays. A. happily B. happy C. sad 13.You must study hard, ______ you will fail the exam. A. and B. but C. or 14.He speaks Chinese ______ although he is a foreigner. A. fluent B. fluently C. quick 15.The sun rises in the east, ______ it sets in the west. A. and B. but C. or B A C B A 语法小练 用所给词适当形式填空 1.The teacher spoke ________ (slow) so that we could understand her. 2.I like apples, ______ I also like bananas. (and/but/or) 3.He plays the piano ___________ (beautiful) in the music room. 4.She is very tired, ______ she still finishes her homework. (and/but/or) 5.The little boy writes ___________ (careful) in his notebook. slowly and beautifully but carefully 6.You can drink water, ______ you can drink juice. (and/but/or) 7.My mother cooks ______ (good) for the whole family. 8.It was very cold, ______ we put on thick coats. (and/but/or) 9.They laughed ____________ (happy) when they heard the funny story. 10.He doesn't like sports, ______ he never plays outside. (and/but/or) or well and happily and 语法小练 句型转换 1.He runs fast. He swims well.（合并为并列复合句） 2.The girl sings beautifully.（对划线部分提问） 3.You must clean the room. You will get a punishment.（合并为并列复合句） 4.She is kind. She always helps others.（合并为并列复合句） He runs fast, and he swims well. How does the girl sing? You must clean the room, or you will get a punishment. She is kind, and she always helps others. 5.They walked slowly in the street.（对划线部分提问） 6.The boy plays football happily.（改为否定句） 7.He studies hard. He doesn't get good grades.（合并为并列复合句） 8.We speak English fluently.（对划线部分提问） 9.You can watch TV. You can read a book.（合并为并列复合句） 10.The bird flies high in the sky.（对划线部分提问） How did they walk in the street? The boy doesn't play football happily. He studies hard, but he doesn't get good grades. How do you speak English? You can watch TV, or you can read a book. How does the bird fly in the sky? 语法小练 根据汉语完成句子 1.她画画很好，而且她跳舞也很美。 She draws ______, ______ she dances beautifully too. 2.他很努力，但是他没有通过考试。 He works very ______, ______ he doesn't pass the exam. 3.小声说话，否则会吵醒宝宝。 Speak _________, ______ you will wake the baby up. 4..孩子们在公园里快乐地玩耍。The children play _________ in the park. 5..你可以骑自行车去，或者你可以坐公交去。 You can go by bike, ______ you can go by bus. well and hard but quietly or happily or 并列复合句 并列连词拓展 除and/but/or外，还有两个常用并列连词 so：表因果，后接结果，意为“所以” yet：表转折，与but同义，语气更弱，意为“然而” 示例：It rains heavily, so we stay at home. He is old, yet he is very strong. 高频易错点 并列复合句中，忘记在连词前加逗号，如I eat rice and I drink water 混淆and/but/or的用法，转折关系用and，选择关系用but 方式副词位置错误，动词接宾语时，放动词和宾语之间 形容词和方式副词混用，修饰动词用形容词，如He runs slow 不规则变化记错，good的副词写成goodly，fast加ly写成fastly 并列连词重复使用，如I like cats and but I don't like dogs 语法辨析 简单句与并列复合句 简单句只有一个主谓结构，无并列连词，独立成句 并列复合句有两个或多个主谓结构，由并列连词连接 判断关键：看是否有并列连词，以及主谓结构的数量 示例：She reads a book.（简单句） She reads a book, and she takes notes.（并列复合句） 单元核心 知识总结 简单句有主谓、主谓宾、主系表三种核心结构，是句子基础 并列复合句由并列连词and/but/or连接简单句，表并列/转折/选择 方式副词修饰动词，表动作方式，多由形容词+ly构成，good→well为特殊变化 形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词，二者不可混用；并列连词前必须加逗号 教学课件 Unit6 语法专项——简单句与并列复合句、方式副词 Thank you for listening! 30 $