专题02 形容词 & 副词（复习讲义）（河北专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题02 形容词 & 副词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 形容词 & 副词语境词义辨析 考点二 形容词 & 副词词形转换（词性转换） 考点三 形容词 & 副词的比较等级 考点四 -ed/-ing 结尾形容词辨析 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1.命题形式：2023-2024 年考点主要分布在单项选择、完形填空、词语运用三大题型；2025 年河北中考英语题型改革后，取消单项选择，考点全面迁移至完形填空、短文填空两大核心题型，同时在阅读理解词义猜测题、书面表达中进行间接综合考查，融入语篇语境。 2. 命题内容：语境词义辨析是完形填空考查的重点，三年累计考查10题；词形转换（词性转换）是短文填空（原词语运用）的必考核心，三年每年均有考查，累计考查6题；比较等级、-ed/-ing 形容词辨析、形容词固定句型为高频易错考点，每年稳定覆盖1-2题。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 形容词&副词语境词义辨析 ①完形填空32题 ②完形填空38题 ③完形填空40题 ①完形填空43题 ②完形填空44题 ①完形填空11题 ②完形填空12题 ③完形填空15题 ④完形填空18题 形容词&副词词形转换（词性转换） ①短文填空42题 ②短文填空46题 ③短文填空51题 ①词语运用71题 ②词语运用73题 ①词语运用42题 ②词语运用47题 形容词&副词比较等级 / ①单项选择36题 ②词语运用71题 / -ed/-ing结尾形容词辨析 ①短文填空46题 / ①词语运用47题 命题预测 1.语篇语境化成为核心考查形式：延续2025年改革趋势，2026年或将在完形填空、短文填空的语篇中考查本专题知识点，重点考查学生在真实语境中匹配词义、正确变形的能力。 2.核心考点高频复现：形容词→副词的词性转换、语篇中的词义辨析仍为2026年重点考查内容，每年在短文填空中稳定考查2-3题，完形填空中考查3-4题；-ed/-ing形容词辨析为高频易错点，预计2026年继续考查；形容词&副词比较等级在2025年未考查，2026年大概率回归。 3.本土情境深度融入：命题选材将持续融入河北本土元素，如雄安新区绿色发展、西柏坡红色文化、滹沱河生态治理、河北非遗文化等，在生活化、本土化的语境中考查形容词&副词的运用。 4.考查综合化升级：一道题中可能综合考查多个考点，如词义辨析结合比较等级、词性转换结合固定句型，同时与书面表达深度绑定，重点考查学生在写作中正确运用形容词&副词丰富表意的能力。 考点一 形容词 & 副词语境词义辨析 1.（2025・河北卷・完形填空 32 题）He always wrote the numbers 2 and 4 on the blackboard in the first class to his ______ students, and asked them, “What is the answer?” A. new B. wise C. famous D. honest 2.（2025・河北卷・完形填空 38 题）Your discussion is useless because none of you focused your attention on the point: What ______ the question is asked about.......Did I ask you to do anything about the two numbers? A. usually B. exactly C. directly D. suddenly 3.（2024・河北卷・完形填空 44 题）...a question like ‘2+2=?.....After class, the teacher asked him why he couldn’t solve such a ______ problem. A. single B. similar C. special D. simple 4. （2023・河北卷・完形填空 11 题）Some people have no interest in sports....They think that sports make them ______ and smell bad. A. lazy B. tired C. ugly D. stupid 考查类别 核心考查方向 河北中考高频词 情感态度类形容词 匹配人物的情绪、心理、态度 proud, tired, simple, brave, active, honest, thankful, relaxed 程度/方式类副词 修饰动词、形容词，匹配动作的程度、方式 nearly, exactly, patiently, really, happily, recently 特征描述类形容词 修饰人/事物的属性、特征 new, busy, wide, lazy, fun, special, simple 短语类副词 固定副词短语的语境匹配 at least, at once, at times, at first 1.先判词性：根据空格在句中的位置，判断需要填形容词还是副词——修饰名词用形容词，修饰动词/形容词/整个句子用副词，先排除词性不符的选项； 2.找语境线索：圈画空格前后的关键词、逻辑词（转折、因果、递进），锁定语境的情感倾向和语义方向； 3.代入验证：将选项代入原文，确保语义通顺、逻辑一致，杜绝仅凭单词含义主观选择。 1．The milk smells ________. Don’t drink it. A．nice B．sour C．good D．delicious 2．I live next to a supermarket. It’s _________ for me to do some shopping. A．fascinating B．convenient C．expensive D．difficult 3．—We are taught to speak to old people ________. —Sure. China is a country with great manners. A．quickly B．exactly C．politely D．secretly 4．—Your room is very dirty. You should keep it ________. —OK. I’ll sweep it right away. A．clean B．dry C．quiet D．warm 5．—How was your weekend at home? —Perfect! I just read books and listened to music, so I felt ________. A．busy B．down C．relaxed D．bored 6．Though the team project was difficult, the students stayed ________ and succeeded in the end. A．healthy B．doubtful C．confident D．shocked 7．—It was ________ of the young man to save his neighbour from the earthquake. —Exactly. Everyone admired his spirit. A．brave B．serious C．curious D．creative 8．After hearing the bad news, Lucy felt a bit ________ and didn’t want to talk. A．mad B．down C．sleepy D．weak 9．Some people can succeed ________ because they don’t give up easily. A．heavily B．mainly C．hardly D．closely 10．After the accident, his leg was ________ hurt and he needed to see a doctor at once. A．widely B．hardly C．badly D．simply 11．Oh, the hotel is ________ terrible. The service is very poor and even the rooms are not clean. A．simply B．probably C．especially D．mainly 12．—I wonder whether AI is helpful to students. —Actually, it’ll be a great tool as long as it’s used ________. A．possibly B．generally C．wisely D．quickly 13．—Has the idea of protecting the environment spread to small towns? —Yes! It’s ________ accepted by people of all ages there. A．widely B．quietly C．suddenly D．clearly 14．The plan to spend the weekend on the beach with family sounds ________. A．perfectly B．sweetly C．lovely D．wonderfully 15．The firefighters helped all the people leave the building ________. A．save B．safe C．safely D．safety 16．I ________ take a taxi to work, but this morning I took one because it was snowy. A．seldom B．sometimes C．usually D．always 17．—I volunteered as a guide at the National Games of China this year. — Good for you! What a ________ experience it was! A．valuable B．simple C．awful D．medical 18．Don’t feel ________, Jim. We are all here to support you. A．sadly B．lonely C．angrily D．unluckily 19．Mike is ________ about his performance because he thinks he is well prepared. A．confident B．crazy C．curious D．correct 20．—Are you kidding or telling me that ______? —I’m not telling a lie. The whole class have heard about it except you. A．seriously B．carefully C．suddenly D．recently 考点二 形容词 & 副词词形转换 1.（2025・河北卷・短文填空 42 题）Anyone in my family is free to write down something good that has happened __________ (recent). 2.（2025・河北卷・短文填空 51 题）I’m so __________ (thank) to my parents for their love. 3.（2024・河北卷・词语运用 73 题）Some boys and girls were playing __________ (happy) on the playground. 5. （2023・河北卷・词语运用 42 题）I was __________ (real) shy and nervous on the first day at school. 核心转换 1：形容词 → 副词 变化规则 示例 河北真题考查案例 一般情况，形容词后直接加 - ly real→really, quick→quickly 2023 年 42 题 real→really； 2025 年 42 题 recent→recently 以 y 结尾的形容词，变 y 为 i 加 - ly happy→happily, easy→easily 2024 年 73 题 happy→happily 以 le 结尾的形容词，去 e 加 y possible→possibly, simple→simply 二轮预测高频考点 不规则变化 good→well, true→truly 二轮预测高频考点 核心转换 2：动词 / 名词 → 形容词（河北中考高频考点） 变化规则 示例 河北真题考查案例 动词后加 - ed/-ing，变为形容词 interest→interested/interesting, relax→relaxed/relaxing 2023 年 47 题 relax→relaxed； 2025 年 46 题 interest→interesting 动词后加 - ful/-less，变为形容词 thank→thankful, care→careful/careless 2025 年 51 题 thank→thankful 名词后加 - y/-ous/-al，变为形容词 sun→sunny, danger→dangerous, nature→natural 二轮预测高频考点 核心转换 3：形容词比较等级变形 重点掌握：单音节形容词加 - er/-est，以 y 结尾的双音节词变 y 为 i 加 - er/-est（2024 年 71 题 young→younger），多音节词前加 more/most。 1.河北中考高频易错点：形容词变副词的不规则变化，如 good→well（不可写为 goodly），true→truly（不可写为 truely），hard 的副词仍为 hard（hardly 意为 “几乎不”，与 hard 词义无关）； 2.系动词（look/feel/sound/taste/smell/be/become 等）后必须接形容词作表语，不可接副词，这是短文填空的高频易错点； 3.拼写细节：以 ll 结尾的形容词变副词，只需加 - y，如 full→fully；以 e 结尾的形容词，多数直接加 - ly，如 polite→politely。 1．The AI technology has developed ________ and it makes our life more convenient. (quick) 2．Her novels are full of mysteries and they are _________ (wide) read. 3．In the early morning, Jerry woke up to the ________ smell of the food on the table. (please) 4．We should take ________ responsibilities and work for a better future. (seriously) 5．She sat ________ on the sofa with a book in her hand. (comfortable) 6．—Suzy used to take second place in exams. ____________(luck), she came top in this exam. —Good things come to those who work hard. 7．People can communicate ______ with foreigners with the help of translation apps. (easy) 8．Our teacher asked us to take the exam ________ and avoid careless mistakes. (serious) 9．________, we have all worked harder to better ourselves in many ways. (recent) 10．You’d better eat a healthy diet, and more ________, do exercise regularly. (important) 11．The children were playing ________ in the park. (happy) 12．Think hard, and you will make decisions________(wise). 13．It’s ______ to talk loudly in public places, but many people always seem to forget that. (polite) 14．His advice was ________ because he didn’t understand my real problem. (use) 15．The supermarket ________ (special) sets a path for the disabled. 考点三 形容词 & 副词的比较等级 1.（2024・河北卷・单项选择 36 题）Jianshe Road is the ______ road in our city, especially around 8:00 am. A. busier B. busiest C. wider D. widest 2.（2024・河北卷・词语运用 71 题）Lin Ming is seven and Lin Fang is two years ______ (young) than her brother. 1.原级用法：核心句型as + 形容词/副词原级 + as（和…… 一样），否定形式not as/so + 原级 + as（不如……）； 2.比较级用法： 1.标志词：than, much, a little, even, still, far； 2.核心句型：比较级 + and + 比较级（越来越……）、the + 比较级, the + 比较级（越……，就越……）； 3.最高级用法： 1.标志词：in + 范围、of + 群体、one of + 最高级 + 名词复数； 2.核心规则：形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the，副词最高级前 the 可省略。 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest 1．Experience is the ________ (good) teacher. 2．Which city is ________ (big), Beijing or Shanghai? 3．After a long period of regular exercise, Johnson has become ________ (confident) than his brother. 4．This park is much ______ (big) than that one. 5．Which do you like ________ (well), milk, coffee, or tea? 6．Kate is the ________ (tall) among all the girls in our class, so she plays for our school’s basketball team. 7．As we all know, home is the ________ (warm) place no matter where we go. 8．In the P. E. test, no one jumped ________ (high) than Peter. 9．She went to bed ________ (early) than usual because of the coming test. 10．Nothing tastes ________. I enjoy the fish mom cooks a lot. (good) 11．As students spend more time in front of screens, their eyesight becomes ________. (bad) 12．Using a password manager is a much ________ way to protect your online accounts. (safe) 13．Mogao Caves are ________ (large) stone art treasure in the world. 14．My father is the ________ (busy) person in my family. 15．The more you exercise, the ________ (healthy) you will be. 考点四 -ed/-ing 结尾形容词辨析 1.（2025・河北卷・短文填空 46 题）Some of the things are _________ (interest), some are serious, and some just give hope. 2.（2023・河北卷・词语运用 47 题）I felt _________ (relax) at once. -ing 结尾的形容词，修饰事物，表达 “事物本身具有的性质”，意为 “令人…… 的”； -ed 结尾的形容词，修饰人，表达 “人的主观感受”，意为 “感到…… 的”。 动词 -ing 形式（修饰物） -ed 形式（修饰人） interest interesting 令人感兴趣的 interested 感到感兴趣的 relax relaxing 令人放松的 relaxed 感到放松的 excite exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 感到兴奋的 surprise surprising 令人惊讶的 surprised 感到惊讶的 bore boring 令人无聊的 bored 感到无聊的 第一步：看空格修饰的对象 —— 修饰人，用 - ed；修饰事物，用 - ing； 第二步：验证语义，确保句子表达的含义符合 “人感到……/ 事物令人……” 的逻辑，杜绝形式正确但语义不符的错误。 1．March 15th is a special day called Consumer Rights Day (消费者权益日). We heard of some ________ news about food and online safety on that day. A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising 2．Kathy is ________ in dance, so she has a dancing lesson every day. A．interest B．interesting C．interested 3．— Keep the window ________ to let the fresh air in. It’s good for health. — You’re right. The window has been ________ for an hour. A．opening; open B．open; opened C．open; open 4．The new work is ________. I am really ________ with it. A．boring; bored B．bored; bore C．bored; bored 5．I’m so ________, and I can’t wait to congratulate them. A．excited B．exciting C．excite 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A few weeks ago, we had a lesson given by our classmate Wu Ruijie. She talked about some of her experiences about some culture shocks (文化冲击) in America. The lesson was 1 . We were all interested in it and listened carefully. Here is one story. One day, she talked to a Chinese friend on her mobile phone on the New York subway. A black woman stood beside her. She used a Chinese word quite a lot when talking to her friend. Its 2 was similar to the rude word “negro” (黑鬼). So the woman glared at (盯着) her 3 . Ms. Tang also shared an experience. It happened when she was in Australia. It was a sunny day. She walked on the street with a(n) 4 . She wanted to protect herself from the sunlight. A man behind her asked, “Is it raining?” In Australia, people don’t use umbrellas on sunny days. So the man thought it was 5 . We can see cultural differences between countries from the two stories. How should we 6 the differences? Here are some 7 . First, respect everyone everywhere. Second, learn about the 8 culture before going there. Third, explain 9 we make mistakes. Finally, always be kind. In a word, cultural differences are not a big problem. Just 10 others kindly. Pay attention to learning about other countries’ cultures. 1．A．cheap B．lively C．private D．awful 2．A．background B．request C．pronunciation D．grammar 3．A．widely B．sadly C．politely D．angrily 4．A．umbrella B．lock C．coat D．license 5．A．helpful B．strange C．dangerous D．painful 6．A．deal with B．write down C．stick to D．look up 7．A．positions B．suggestions C．purposes D．trades 8．A．sudden B．daily C．Australian D．local 9．A．if B．because C．so D．but 10．A．introduce B．hug C．treat D．doubt 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给的单词的正确形式填空。 A In Shanghai, ride-hailing (网约车) drivers are drawing attention for their language skills. Many can speak more than four languages, making it 11 (easy) for foreigners to travel around than before. These drivers learn words and 12 (express) for daily use. Through study, they master plenty of languages by 13 (they) to communicate smoothly with passengers from other countries, making conversations more natural. This not only helps passengers feel more comfortable but also 14 (avoid) misunderstanding. The ability to speak different languages is 15 (especial) useful at busy places like the airport or places of interest. Drivers can explain traffic rules, suggest popular restaurants, or share local customs 16 (use) simple sentences. “My simple language is often enough to make a trip go well, 17 sometimes I still have to use translation apps to meet other needs which are difficult to understand.” said Wang Feng, a driver from Pudong, Shanghai. This effort shows Shanghai’s openness as 18 international city. By building language bridges, drivers not only provide a well-liked service but also make visitors feel welcome, helping the city connect with the world 19 a friendly way. 20 important to master a foreign language is! 11.___________ 12.___________ 13.___________ 14.___________ 15.___________ 16.___________ 17.___________ 18.___________ 19.___________ 20.___________ B Sleep is like food for the brain. Enough sleep helps the body 21 brain grow and develop. According to the latest China Sleep Quality Index (指数), half said that they felt tired after getting up and 15 percent of people had trouble 22 (fall) asleep. Ye Jingying, a sleep expert at Beijing Tongren Hospital, says, “If people often wake up during the night, 23 always feel weak and tired in the day, they should pay attention to their own sleep pattern.” Many people 24 (play) with their cell phones or iPads before sleeping. The report said that this was one of the main 25 (reason) for bad sleep. Other reasons include stress and bad moods. Forming good sleep habits 26 (be) also necessary. The report suggested that people need to keep away from digital devices (数码产品) for at 27 (little) an hour before sleep. The lights keep 28 (they) brains exciting for a long while. Moreover, try to go to sleep and wake up 29 time every day, even on weekends and during holidays, and do some 30 (relax) things before going to bed each night. It can help you fall asleep sooner. 21.___________ 22.___________ 23.___________ 24.___________ 25.___________ 26.___________ 27.___________ 28.___________ 29.___________ 30.___________ 三、单词拼写 31．Recently, more and more people are eager to learn the ________ skills. (tradition) 32．When we visit some websites, hidden software may collect our _______ information. (person) 33．Andy was ______ to know that his science project won the first prize. (surprise) 34．We were ________ that our cat came home safely after being missing for two days. (luck) 35．Lucy doesn’t do her homework so ________ (careful) as the others in her class. 36．Today is ______ (warm) than yesterday. 37．During the school sports meeting, Joe jumped the _____ (high) in the class. 38．The math problem isn’t difficult, and I can work it out ________ (easy). 39．A few minutes later, the wind became much _________. (strong) 40．The ________ (hard) you practice, the greater progress you will make. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2/18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 形容词 & 副词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 形容词 & 副词语境词义辨析 考点二 形容词 & 副词词形转换（词性转换） 考点三 形容词 & 副词的比较等级 考点四 -ed/-ing 结尾形容词辨析 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1.命题形式：2023-2024 年考点主要分布在单项选择、完形填空、词语运用三大题型；2025 年河北中考英语题型改革后，取消单项选择，考点全面迁移至完形填空、短文填空两大核心题型，同时在阅读理解词义猜测题、书面表达中进行间接综合考查，融入语篇语境。 2. 命题内容：语境词义辨析是完形填空考查的重点，三年累计考查10题；词形转换（词性转换）是短文填空（原词语运用）的必考核心，三年每年均有考查，累计考查6题；比较等级、-ed/-ing 形容词辨析、形容词固定句型为高频易错考点，每年稳定覆盖1-2题。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 形容词&副词语境词义辨析 ①完形填空32题 ②完形填空38题 ③完形填空40题 ①完形填空43题 ②完形填空44题 ①完形填空11题 ②完形填空12题 ③完形填空15题 ④完形填空18题 形容词&副词词形转换（词性转换） ①短文填空42题 ②短文填空46题 ③短文填空51题 ①词语运用71题 ②词语运用73题 ①词语运用42题 ②词语运用47题 形容词&副词比较等级 / ①单项选择36题 ②词语运用71题 / -ed/-ing结尾形容词辨析 ①短文填空46题 / ①词语运用47题 命题预测 1.语篇语境化成为核心考查形式：延续2025年改革趋势，2026年或将在完形填空、短文填空的语篇中考查本专题知识点，重点考查学生在真实语境中匹配词义、正确变形的能力。 2.核心考点高频复现：形容词→副词的词性转换、语篇中的词义辨析仍为2026年重点考查内容，每年在短文填空中稳定考查2-3题，完形填空中考查3-4题；-ed/-ing形容词辨析为高频易错点，预计2026年继续考查；形容词&副词比较等级在2025年未考查，2026年大概率回归。 3.本土情境深度融入：命题选材将持续融入河北本土元素，如雄安新区绿色发展、西柏坡红色文化、滹沱河生态治理、河北非遗文化等，在生活化、本土化的语境中考查形容词&副词的运用。 4.考查综合化升级：一道题中可能综合考查多个考点，如词义辨析结合比较等级、词性转换结合固定句型，同时与书面表达深度绑定，重点考查学生在写作中正确运用形容词&副词丰富表意的能力。 考点一 形容词 & 副词语境词义辨析 1.（2025・河北卷・完形填空 32 题）He always wrote the numbers 2 and 4 on the blackboard in the first class to his ______ students, and asked them, “What is the answer?” A. new B. wise C. famous D. honest 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他总是在给新学生上第一节课时，在黑板上写下数字 2 和 4，然后问他们：“答案是什么？” 考查形容词语境辨析。new 新的；wise 聪明的；famous 著名的；honest 诚实的。根据后文 “first class” 可知，是给新学生上的第一节课，故选 A。 2.（2025・河北卷・完形填空 38 题）Your discussion is useless because none of you focused your attention on the point: What ______ the question is asked about.......Did I ask you to do anything about the two numbers? A. usually B. exactly C. directly D. suddenly 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你们的讨论毫无意义，因为你们中没有人关注核心：这个问题到底问的是什么。考查副词语境辨析。usually 通常；exactly 确切地、到底；directly 直接地；suddenly 突然。根据后文 “Did I ask you to do anything about the two numbers?” 可知，老师强调学生没有弄清楚问题到底是什么，故选 B。 3.（2024・河北卷・完形填空 44 题）...a question like ‘2+2=?.....After class, the teacher asked him why he couldn’t solve such a ______ problem. A. single B. similar C. special D. simple 【答案】D 【解析】句意：下课后，老师问他为什么解不出这么简单的一道题。考查形容词语境辨析。single 单个的；similar 相似的；special 特殊的；simple 简单的。根据前文 “a question like ‘2+2=?’” 可知，这是一道非常简单的题，故选 D。 4. （2023・河北卷・完形填空 11 题）Some people have no interest in sports....They think that sports make them ______ and smell bad. A. lazy B. tired C. ugly D. stupid 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他们认为运动让他们疲惫，还会一身汗味。考查形容词语境辨析。lazy 懒惰的；tired 疲惫的；ugly 丑陋的；stupid 愚蠢的。根据前文 “Some people have no interest in sports.” 可知，不喜欢运动的人觉得运动带来的负面感受是疲惫，故选 B。 考查类别 核心考查方向 河北中考高频词 情感态度类形容词 匹配人物的情绪、心理、态度 proud, tired, simple, brave, active, honest, thankful, relaxed 程度/方式类副词 修饰动词、形容词，匹配动作的程度、方式 nearly, exactly, patiently, really, happily, recently 特征描述类形容词 修饰人/事物的属性、特征 new, busy, wide, lazy, fun, special, simple 短语类副词 固定副词短语的语境匹配 at least, at once, at times, at first 1.先判词性：根据空格在句中的位置，判断需要填形容词还是副词——修饰名词用形容词，修饰动词/形容词/整个句子用副词，先排除词性不符的选项； 2.找语境线索：圈画空格前后的关键词、逻辑词（转折、因果、递进），锁定语境的情感倾向和语义方向； 3.代入验证：将选项代入原文，确保语义通顺、逻辑一致，杜绝仅凭单词含义主观选择。 1．The milk smells ________. Don’t drink it. A．nice B．sour C．good D．delicious 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这牛奶闻起来很酸。别喝。 考查形容词辨析。nice好的；sour酸的；good好的；delicious美味的。根据“Don’t drink it”可知牛奶酸了，不要喝。故选B。 2．I live next to a supermarket. It’s _________ for me to do some shopping. A．fascinating B．convenient C．expensive D．difficult 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我住在超市旁边。购物对我来说很方便。 考查形容词辨析。fascinating迷人的；convenient方便的；expensive昂贵的；difficult困难的。根据“I live next to a supermarket.”可知，住在超市旁边，购物应是很方便，B项符合。故选B。 3．—We are taught to speak to old people ________. —Sure. China is a country with great manners. A．quickly B．exactly C．politely D．secretly 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我们被教导要礼貌地和老人说话。——当然。中国是一个礼仪之邦。 考查副词辨析。quickly迅速地；exactly确切地；politely礼貌地；secretly秘密地。根据“China is a country with great manners.”可知，中国是礼仪之邦，所以应该是被教导要礼貌地和老人说话，因此空格处填“politely”。故选C。 4．—Your room is very dirty. You should keep it ________. —OK. I’ll sweep it right away. A．clean B．dry C．quiet D．warm 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你的房间很脏。你应该使它保持干净。——好的，我马上打扫。 考查形容词辨析。clean干净的；dry干燥的；quiet安静的；warm温暖的。根据“Your room is very dirty.”（房间很脏）和回应“I’ll sweep it right away.”（我马上打扫），可知需要保持房间干净，与“脏”相对。故选A。 5．—How was your weekend at home? —Perfect! I just read books and listened to music, so I felt ________. A．busy B．down C．relaxed D．bored 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你在家度过的周末怎么样？——完美！我只是读书和听音乐，因此我感到很放松。 考查形容词辨析。busy忙碌的；down情绪低落的；relaxed放松的；bored无聊的。根据“Perfect! I just read books and listened to music”可知，在家读书和听音乐，这样的周末很完美，说明心情是放松的，C项符合。故选C。 6．Though the team project was difficult, the students stayed ________ and succeeded in the end. A．healthy B．doubtful C．confident D．shocked 【答案】C 【解析】句意：尽管团队项目很困难，但学生们始终保持自信，并最终取得了成功。 考查形容词辨析。healthy健康的；doubtful怀疑的；confident自信的；shocked震惊的。根据“Though the team project was difficult”和“succeeded in the end.”可知，因为学生们始终保持自信，所以最后成功了。故选C。 7．—It was ________ of the young man to save his neighbour from the earthquake. —Exactly. Everyone admired his spirit. A．brave B．serious C．curious D．creative 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——这个年轻人在地震中救了他的邻居，真是勇敢。——确实如此。每个人都钦佩他的精神。 考查形容词辨析。brave勇敢的；serious严肃的；curious好奇的；creative有创造力的。根据“save his neighbour from the earthquake”和“Everyone admired his spirit.”可知，此处是在描述这个年轻人在地震中救邻居的行为很勇敢，所以应该用brave。故选A。 8．After hearing the bad news, Lucy felt a bit ________ and didn’t want to talk. A．mad B．down C．sleepy D．weak 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在听到这个坏消息后，露西感到有点沮丧，并且不想说话。 考查形容词辨析。mad生气的；down沮丧的；sleepy困倦的；weak虚弱的。根据“After hearing the bad news”和“didn’t want to talk”的语境，可知露西情绪低落，而非生气、困倦或虚弱。故选B。 9．Some people can succeed ________ because they don’t give up easily. A．heavily B．mainly C．hardly D．closely 【答案】B 【解析】句意：有些人能够成功，主要是因为他们不容易放弃。 考查副词辨析。heavily沉重地，大量地；mainly主要地；hardly几乎不；closely紧密地，接近地。根据“because they don’t give up easily”可知，句子表达的是有些人成功的主要原因是不容易放弃，因此此处应该用mainly，表示“主要地”。故选B。 10．After the accident, his leg was ________ hurt and he needed to see a doctor at once. A．widely B．hardly C．badly D．simply 【答案】C 【解析】句意：事故发生后，他的腿严重受伤，他需要立即去看医生。 考查副词辨析。widely广泛地；hardly几乎不；badly严重地；simply简单地。根据“he needed to see a doctor at once.”可知，需要立即看医生，说明受伤严重。故选C。 11．Oh, the hotel is ________ terrible. The service is very poor and even the rooms are not clean. A．simply B．probably C．especially D．mainly 【答案】A 【解析】句意：哦，这家酒店简直太糟了。服务很差，甚至连房间都不干净。 考查副词辨析。simply简直，完全；probably可能；especially尤其；mainly主要地。根据“The service is very poor and even the rooms are not clean.”可知，此处强调酒店“简直”太糟糕了，用simply加强语气。故选A。 12．—I wonder whether AI is helpful to students. —Actually, it’ll be a great tool as long as it’s used ________. A．possibly B．generally C．wisely D．quickly 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我想知道人工智能对学生是否有帮助。——实际上，只要使用得当，它会是一个很棒的工具。 考查副词辨析。possibly可能地；generally一般地；wisely明智地；quickly快速地。根据“it’ll be a great tool as long as it’s used...”可知，此处强调“合理/明智使用”才能使人工智能成为好工具。故选C。 13．—Has the idea of protecting the environment spread to small towns? —Yes! It’s ________ accepted by people of all ages there. A．widely B．quietly C．suddenly D．clearly 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——保护环境的理念有没有传到小城镇？——是的！它被那里各个年龄段的人广泛接受。 考查副词辨析。widely广泛地；quietly安静地；suddenly突然地；clearly清楚地。根据“accepted by people of all ages there”可知，回答强调“被各个年龄段的人接受”，这需要表示接受范围广的副词，“widely”最符合语境。故选A。 14．The plan to spend the weekend on the beach with family sounds ________. A．perfectly B．sweetly C．lovely D．wonderfully 【答案】C 【解析】句意：与家人在海滩度过周末的计划听起来很美好。 考查词汇辨析。perfectly完美地，副词；sweetly甜美地，副词；lovely可爱的，形容词；wonderfully精彩地，副词。sound (听起来) 是系动词，后面应接形容词作表语。故选C。 15．The firefighters helped all the people leave the building ________. A．save B．safe C．safely D．safety 【答案】C 【解析】句意：消防员们帮助所有人安全地离开了大楼。 考查词性辨析。save救，动词；safe安全的，形容词；safely安全地，副词；safety安全，名词。空格处修饰动词“leave”，作状语，应用副词“safely”。故选C。 16．I ________ take a taxi to work, but this morning I took one because it was snowy. A．seldom B．sometimes C．usually D．always 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我很少打车去上班，但今天早上因为下雪打了一次车。 考查频度副词辨析。seldom很少；sometimes有时；usually通常；always总是。根据“but this morning I took one because it was snowy”可知，今天早上因为下雪才打车，说明平时很少打车，故选A。 17．—I volunteered as a guide at the National Games of China this year. — Good for you! What a ________ experience it was! A．valuable B．simple C．awful D．medical 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——今年我在中国全运会上志愿当了一名向导。——你真棒！这是多么宝贵的一次经历啊！ 考查形容词辨析。valuable宝贵的；simple简单的；awful糟糕的；medical医疗的。根据“Good for you!”可知，此处应填积极意义的形容词，描述志愿者经历是“宝贵的”。故选A。 18．Don’t feel ________, Jim. We are all here to support you. A．sadly B．lonely C．angrily D．unluckily 【答案】B 【解析】句意：别感到孤独，吉姆。我们都在这里支持你。 考查形容词辨析。sadly悲伤地，副词；lonely孤独的，形容词；angrily生气地，副词；unluckily不幸地，副词。连系动词“feel”后应接形容词作表语。根据后句“We are all here to support you.”可知，说话人在安慰对方不要有“孤独”感。故选B。 19．Mike is ________ about his performance because he thinks he is well prepared. A．confident B．crazy C．curious D．correct 【答案】A 【解析】句意：迈克对自己的表演很自信，因为他认为自己准备得很充分。 考查形容词辨析。confident自信的；crazy疯狂的；curious好奇的；correct正确的。根据“he thinks he is well prepared”可知，迈克对自己的表演应该是“自信的”，A项符合。故选A。 20．—Are you kidding or telling me that ______? —I’m not telling a lie. The whole class have heard about it except you. A．seriously B．carefully C．suddenly D．recently 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你是在开玩笑还是认真地告诉我那件事？——我没有说谎。除了你，全班都听说了。 考查副词辨析。seriously严肃地，认真地；carefully小心地，仔细地；suddenly突然；recently最近。根据“Are you kidding or telling me that”可知问句是在询问对方是开玩笑还是严肃告知，seriously符合语境。故选A。 考点二 形容词 & 副词词形转换 1.（2025・河北卷・短文填空 42 题）Anyone in my family is free to write down something good that has happened __________ (recent). 【答案】recently 【解析】句意：家里的任何人都可以写下最近发生的好事。考查形容词变副词。空格处修饰动词 happened，需用副词形式，recent 的副词为 recently “最近”。 2.（2025・河北卷・短文填空 51 题）I’m so __________ (thank) to my parents for their love. 【答案】thankful 【解析】句意：我非常感谢父母给我的爱。考查动词变形容词。空格处位于系动词 am 后作表语，需用形容词，thank 的形容词为 thankful “感激的”，be thankful to sb. 为固定搭配。 3.（2024・河北卷・词语运用 73 题）Some boys and girls were playing __________ (happy) on the playground. 【答案】happily 【解析】句意：一些男孩和女孩正在操场上开心地玩耍。考查形容词变副词。空格处修饰动词 playing，需用副词形式，happy 的副词为 happily “开心地”。 5. （2023・河北卷・词语运用 42 题）I was __________ (real) shy and nervous on the first day at school. 【答案】really 【解析】句意：上学的第一天，我非常害羞和紧张。考查形容词变副词。空格处修饰形容词 shy and nervous，需用副词形式，real 的副词为 really“非常、真正地”。 核心转换 1：形容词 → 副词 变化规则 示例 河北真题考查案例 一般情况，形容词后直接加 - ly real→really, quick→quickly 2023 年 42 题 real→really； 2025 年 42 题 recent→recently 以 y 结尾的形容词，变 y 为 i 加 - ly happy→happily, easy→easily 2024 年 73 题 happy→happily 以 le 结尾的形容词，去 e 加 y possible→possibly, simple→simply 二轮预测高频考点 不规则变化 good→well, true→truly 二轮预测高频考点 核心转换 2：动词 / 名词 → 形容词（河北中考高频考点） 变化规则 示例 河北真题考查案例 动词后加 - ed/-ing，变为形容词 interest→interested/interesting, relax→relaxed/relaxing 2023 年 47 题 relax→relaxed； 2025 年 46 题 interest→interesting 动词后加 - ful/-less，变为形容词 thank→thankful, care→careful/careless 2025 年 51 题 thank→thankful 名词后加 - y/-ous/-al，变为形容词 sun→sunny, danger→dangerous, nature→natural 二轮预测高频考点 核心转换 3：形容词比较等级变形 重点掌握：单音节形容词加 - er/-est，以 y 结尾的双音节词变 y 为 i 加 - er/-est（2024 年 71 题 young→younger），多音节词前加 more/most。 1.河北中考高频易错点：形容词变副词的不规则变化，如 good→well（不可写为 goodly），true→truly（不可写为 truely），hard 的副词仍为 hard（hardly 意为 “几乎不”，与 hard 词义无关）； 2.系动词（look/feel/sound/taste/smell/be/become 等）后必须接形容词作表语，不可接副词，这是短文填空的高频易错点； 3.拼写细节：以 ll 结尾的形容词变副词，只需加 - y，如 full→fully；以 e 结尾的形容词，多数直接加 - ly，如 polite→politely。 1．The AI technology has developed ________ and it makes our life more convenient. (quick) 【答案】quickly 【解析】句意：人工智能技术发展很迅速，使我们的生活更加便利。缺少副词修饰动词developed，quick的副词quickly“快速地，迅速地”。故填quickly。 2．Her novels are full of mysteries and they are _________ (wide) read. 【答案】widely 【解析】句意：她的小说充满了谜团，并且被很多人广泛阅读。修饰动词“read”，应用副词widely“广泛地”来修饰。故填widely。 3．In the early morning, Jerry woke up to the ________ smell of the food on the table. (please) 【答案】pleasant 【解析】句意：清晨，杰瑞醒来，闻到了桌上食物令人愉悦的气味。please“使高兴；使愉快”，动词，此处应用其形容词形式pleasant“令人愉快的”修饰名词smell。故填pleasant。 4．We should take ________ responsibilities and work for a better future. (seriously) 【答案】serious 【解析】句意：我们应该承担重大的责任，并为更美好的未来而努力。所给单词seriously“严重地”为副词，空后的单词responsibilities“责任”为名词复数，需用形容词serious来修饰。故填serious。 5．She sat ________ on the sofa with a book in her hand. (comfortable) 【答案】comfortably 【解析】句意：她舒适地坐在沙发上，手里拿着一本书。根据“sat”可知，修饰动词需要用副词，comfortable是形容词，其副词形式是comfortably表示“舒适地”，在此处用于描述她坐在沙发上的状态，故填comfortably。 6．—Suzy used to take second place in exams. ____________(luck), she came top in this exam. —Good things come to those who work hard. 【答案】Luckily 【解析】句意：——苏西过去考试得第二名。幸运的是，她这次考试得了第一名。——好东西总是属于那些努力工作的人。根据提示可知：此处需用提示词luck的副词形式，修饰整个句子；luck的副词形式是luckily，句中首字母需大写。故填Luckily。 7．People can communicate ______ with foreigners with the help of translation apps. (easy) 【答案】easily 【解析】句意：在翻译软件的帮助下，人们可以容易地与外国人交流。根据“communicate”可知，空格处修饰动词communicate，应用副词形式；easy意为“容易的”，是形容词，其副词形式为easily，意为“容易地”。故填easily。 8．Our teacher asked us to take the exam ________ and avoid careless mistakes. (serious) 【答案】seriously 【解析】句意：老师要求我们认真参加考试，避免粗心的错误。根据“take the exam”可知，此处需用副词修饰动词，serious“认真的；严肃的”，形容词，对应的副词形式为seriously，take the exam seriously是固定搭配，意为“认真对待考试”，故填seriously。 9．________, we have all worked harder to better ourselves in many ways. (recent) 【答案】Recently 【解析】句意：最近，我们都在许多方面更加努力地工作以提升自己。recent“最近的”，形容词；此处位于句首，需用副词recently“最近”作时间状语，修饰整个句子，首字母需大写。故填Recently。 10．You’d better eat a healthy diet, and more ________, do exercise regularly. (important) 【答案】importantly 【解析】句意：你最好养成健康的饮食习惯，更重要的是，要定期锻炼。important为形容词，此处需用副词形式修饰句子，important的副词为importantly，故填importantly。 11．The children were playing ________ in the park. (happy) 【答案】happily 【解析】句意：孩子们在公园里开心地玩耍。空处修饰动词，需要用副词happily。故填happily。 12．Think hard, and you will make decisions________(wise). 【答案】wisely 【解析】句意：认真思考，你就会明智地做决定 。“wise” 是形容词（明智的 ），此处修饰动词短语 “make decisions（做决定 ）” ，要用副词形式 “wisely（明智地 ）” ，所以填 wisely。 13．It’s ______ to talk loudly in public places, but many people always seem to forget that. (polite) 【答案】impolite 【解析】句意：在公共场所大声说话是不礼貌的，但很多人似乎总是忘记这一点。根据提示可知，此处需用polite的变形，结合“在公共场所大声说话”的语境，应使用其否定形式impolite（不礼貌的），且符合It’s + adj. + to do sth.的句型要求，故填impolite。 14．His advice was ________ because he didn’t understand my real problem. (use) 【答案】useless 【解析】句意：他的建议没什么用，因为他并不理解我的真正问题。use“用处；利用”，为名词，由“because he didn’t understand my real problem”可知，他的建议没用，故用形容词useless“无用的”作表语。故填useless。 15．The supermarket ________ (special) sets a path for the disabled. 【答案】specially 【解析】句意：超市特别为残疾人设了一条通道。空处修饰动词sets，用副词形式specially“特别地”。故填specially。 考点三 形容词 & 副词的比较等级 1.（2024・河北卷・单项选择 36 题）Jianshe Road is the ______ road in our city, especially around 8:00 am. A. busier B. busiest C. wider D. widest 【答案】B 【解析】句意：建设路是我市最繁忙的道路，尤其是早上 8 点左右。考查形容词最高级。根据 “in our city” 可知，是全市范围内的比较，用最高级；结合 “especially around 8:00 am” 可知，早上 8 点道路是繁忙的，故选 B。 2.（2024・河北卷・词语运用 71 题）Lin Ming is seven and Lin Fang is two years ______ (young) than her brother. 【答案】younger 【解析】句意：林明七岁，林芳比她哥哥小两岁。考查形容词比较级。根据 “than” 可知，此处用形容词比较级，young 的比较级为 younger。 1.原级用法：核心句型as + 形容词/副词原级 + as（和…… 一样），否定形式not as/so + 原级 + as（不如……）； 2.比较级用法： 1.标志词：than, much, a little, even, still, far； 2.核心句型：比较级 + and + 比较级（越来越……）、the + 比较级, the + 比较级（越……，就越……）； 3.最高级用法： 1.标志词：in + 范围、of + 群体、one of + 最高级 + 名词复数； 2.核心规则：形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the，副词最高级前 the 可省略。 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest 1．Experience is the ________ (good) teacher. 【答案】best 【解析】句意：经验是最好的老师。根据“the”可知，此处需用形容词的最高级形式来修饰名词“teacher”，表示“最好的老师”。“good”是形容词原形，意为“好的”，其最高级形式为“best”，意为“最好的”。故填best。 2．Which city is ________ (big), Beijing or Shanghai? 【答案】bigger 【解析】句意：哪个城市更大，北京还是上海？根据“Beijing or Shanghai?”可知，这是在两者之间进行比较，询问哪个城市更大，要用形容词的比较级形式。big的比较级是bigger。故填bigger。 3．After a long period of regular exercise, Johnson has become ________ (confident) than his brother. 【答案】more confident 【解析】句意：经过长期规律的锻炼后，约翰逊变得比他兄弟更自信了。根据“than”可知，此处用比较级。故填more confident。 4．This park is much ______ (big) than that one. 【答案】bigger 【解析】句意：这个公园比那个公园大得多。根据“than”可知，应用比较级形式bigger。故填bigger。 5．Which do you like ________ (well), milk, coffee, or tea? 【答案】best 【解析】句意：你最喜欢哪个，牛奶、咖啡还是茶？根据“milk, coffee, or tea”可知三者相比较，用最高级，well的最高级best。故填best。 6．Kate is the ________ (tall) among all the girls in our class, so she plays for our school’s basketball team. 【答案】tallest 【解析】句意：凯特是我们班所有女生中最高的，所以她为我们学校的篮球队效力。tall“高的”，形容词，根据“among all the girls in our class”可知，此处要用形容词的最高级形式。tall的最高级形式为“tallest”。故填tallest。 7．As we all know, home is the ________ (warm) place no matter where we go. 【答案】warmest 【解析】句意：众所周知，无论我们走到哪里，家都是最温暖的地方。根据“the”以及“no matter where we go”可知，此句表达的是家在所有地方中是最温暖的，存在最高级的比较范围，所以横线处需填形容词“warm”的最高级形式。“warm”的最高级为“warmest”。the warmest place“最温暖的地方”。故填warmest。 8．In the P. E. test, no one jumped ________ (high) than Peter. 【答案】higher 【解析】句意：在体育测试中，没有人跳得比彼得高。根据空后的“than”可知，此处用比较级higher。故填higher。 9．She went to bed ________ (early) than usual because of the coming test. 【答案】earlier 【解析】句意：因为即将到来的考试，她比平常睡得早。根据句中的“than”可知，此处是在将今天睡觉的时间和往常睡觉的时间进行比较，应该使用比较级形式。early作为副词，意为“早早地”，其比较级形式为“earlier”，表示“更早地”。故填earlier。 10．Nothing tastes ________. I enjoy the fish mom cooks a lot. (good) 【答案】better 【解析】句意：没有比这更好吃的东西。我非常喜欢妈妈做的鱼。根据第二句“I enjoy the fish mom cooks a lot.”强调“我非常喜欢妈妈煮的鱼”，暗示妈妈做的鱼味道最好，因此第一句需用比较级表达“没有比这更好吃的东西”，good的比较级better。故填better。 11．As students spend more time in front of screens, their eyesight becomes ________. (bad) 【答案】worse 【解析】句意：随着学生们花更多时间面对屏幕，他们的视力变得更差了。根据“their eyesight becomes”可知，此处指视力变得更差，应用bad的比较级形式worse。故填worse。 12．Using a password manager is a much ________ way to protect your online accounts. (safe) 【答案】safer 【解析】句意：使用密码管理器是保护你的在线账户的一个更安全的方法。根据“a much…way”可知，横线处需填形容词比较级，safe“安全的”，形容词，其比较级形式为safer。故填safer。 13．Mogao Caves are ________ (large) stone art treasure in the world. 【答案】the largest 【解析】句意：莫高窟是世界上最大的石刻艺术宝藏。根据“in the world.”可知，该句考查形容词最高级，large的最高级为the largest。故填the largest。 14．My father is the ________ (busy) person in my family. 【答案】busiest 【解析】句意：我父亲是我家最忙的人。根据“the ... person in my family.”可知，空处用形容词的最高级busiest“最忙的”，作定语。故填busiest。 15．The more you exercise, the ________ (healthy) you will be. 【答案】healthier 【解析】句意：你运动得越多，你就会越健康。根据“The more you exercise, the”可知，该句考查“the+比较级，the+比较级”的用法，意为“越……越……”，因此填比较级。故填healthier。 考点四 -ed/-ing 结尾形容词辨析 1.（2025・河北卷・短文填空 46 题）Some of the things are _________ (interest), some are serious, and some just give hope. 【答案】interesting 【解析】句意：有些事很有趣，有些很严肃，有些则给人希望。考查 - ed/-ing 形容词辨析。空格处修饰事物 “Some of the things”，用 - ing 结尾的形容词 interesting “有趣的”。 2.（2023・河北卷・词语运用 47 题）I felt _________ (relax) at once. 【答案】relaxed 【解析】句意：我立刻感到放松。考查 - ed/-ing 形容词辨析。空格处修饰人 “I”，表达人的感受，用 - ed 结尾的形容词 relaxed “感到放松的”。 -ing 结尾的形容词，修饰事物，表达 “事物本身具有的性质”，意为 “令人…… 的”； -ed 结尾的形容词，修饰人，表达 “人的主观感受”，意为 “感到…… 的”。 动词 -ing 形式（修饰物） -ed 形式（修饰人） interest interesting 令人感兴趣的 interested 感到感兴趣的 relax relaxing 令人放松的 relaxed 感到放松的 excite exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 感到兴奋的 surprise surprising 令人惊讶的 surprised 感到惊讶的 bore boring 令人无聊的 bored 感到无聊的 第一步：看空格修饰的对象 —— 修饰人，用 - ed；修饰事物，用 - ing； 第二步：验证语义，确保句子表达的含义符合 “人感到……/ 事物令人……” 的逻辑，杜绝形式正确但语义不符的错误。 1．March 15th is a special day called Consumer Rights Day (消费者权益日). We heard of some ________ news about food and online safety on that day. A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising 【答案】C 【解析】句意：3月15日是一个特殊的日子，叫做消费者权益日。在那天我们听到了一些关于食品和网络安全的令人惊讶的消息。 考查词汇辨析。surprise惊讶，使惊讶，名词或动词；surprised感到惊讶的，形容词，修饰人；surprising令人惊讶的，形容词，形容物。此处修饰名词news，指物，应用surprising。故选C。 2．Kathy is ________ in dance, so she has a dancing lesson every day. A．interest B．interesting C．interested 【答案】C 【解析】句意：凯西对舞蹈很感兴趣，所以她每天都有一节舞蹈课。 考查形容词。interest兴趣，名词；interesting有趣的；interested感兴趣的。be interested in“对……感兴趣”，故选C。 3．— Keep the window ________ to let the fresh air in. It’s good for health. — You’re right. The window has been ________ for an hour. A．opening; open B．open; opened C．open; open 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——让窗户开着，让新鲜空气进来。它对健康有好处。——你是对的。窗户已经开了一个小时了。 考查open的用法。open打开，动词；开放的，形容词。keep sth+形容词，表示“保持某物处于某种状态”，第一空填形容词open作宾补。for+一段时间要与延续性动词连用，be open是延续性动词，故选C。 4．The new work is ________. I am really ________ with it. A．boring; bored B．bored; bore C．bored; bored 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这项新工作很无聊。我对它感到厌烦。 boring令人无聊的，修饰物；bored感到无聊的，修饰人；bore使厌烦。第一空修饰work，故用-ing形容词；第二空：be bored with对⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅感到厌烦，固定搭配。 5．I’m so ________, and I can’t wait to congratulate them. A．excited B．exciting C．excite 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我太激动了，迫不及待地要向他们表示祝贺。 考查形容词辨析。excited形容词，意为“感到兴奋的、激动的”，用来描述人的主观感受。exciting形容词，意为“令人兴奋的、使人激动的”，用来描述事物的性质或特征。excite动词，意为“使兴奋、使激动”，不能直接跟在be动词后作表语。本句的主语是“I”，描述的是“我”的感受，因此应使用excited。故选A。 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A few weeks ago, we had a lesson given by our classmate Wu Ruijie. She talked about some of her experiences about some culture shocks (文化冲击) in America. The lesson was 1 . We were all interested in it and listened carefully. Here is one story. One day, she talked to a Chinese friend on her mobile phone on the New York subway. A black woman stood beside her. She used a Chinese word quite a lot when talking to her friend. Its 2 was similar to the rude word “negro” (黑鬼). So the woman glared at (盯着) her 3 . Ms. Tang also shared an experience. It happened when she was in Australia. It was a sunny day. She walked on the street with a(n) 4 . She wanted to protect herself from the sunlight. A man behind her asked, “Is it raining?” In Australia, people don’t use umbrellas on sunny days. So the man thought it was 5 . We can see cultural differences between countries from the two stories. How should we 6 the differences? Here are some 7 . First, respect everyone everywhere. Second, learn about the 8 culture before going there. Third, explain 9 we make mistakes. Finally, always be kind. In a word, cultural differences are not a big problem. Just 10 others kindly. Pay attention to learning about other countries’ cultures. 1．A．cheap B．lively C．private D．awful 2．A．background B．request C．pronunciation D．grammar 3．A．widely B．sadly C．politely D．angrily 4．A．umbrella B．lock C．coat D．license 5．A．helpful B．strange C．dangerous D．painful 6．A．deal with B．write down C．stick to D．look up 7．A．positions B．suggestions C．purposes D．trades 8．A．sudden B．daily C．Australian D．local 9．A．if B．because C．so D．but 10．A．introduce B．hug C．treat D．doubt 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文通过分享有趣的故事和提供建议来介绍文化冲击。 1．句意：这节课很生动。 cheap便宜的；lively生动的；private私人的；awful糟糕的。根据“We were all interested in it and listened carefully.”可知，我们对这节课感兴趣且认真听，说明这节课很生动。故选B。 2．句意：它的发音和粗鲁的单词“negro（黑鬼）”相似。 background背景；request要求；pronunciation发音；grammar语法。根据“She used a Chinese word quite a lot when talking to her friend. Its...was similar to the rude word ‘negro’ (黑鬼).”可知，这里说的是这个中文单词的发音和“negro”相似。故选C。 3．句意：所以那个女人愤怒地盯着她。 widely广泛地；sadly悲伤地；politely礼貌地；angrily愤怒地。根据前文提到中文单词发音和“negro”相似，这是不礼貌的，所以那个女人应该是愤怒地盯着她。故选D。 4．句意：她拿着一把伞走在街上。 umbrella伞；lock锁；coat外套；license执照。根据“She wanted to protect herself from the sunlight.”可知，为了防晒，她应该是拿着伞。故选A。 5．句意：所以在那个男人看来这很奇怪。 helpful有帮助的；strange奇怪的；dangerous危险的；painful痛苦的。根据“In Australia, people don’t use umbrellas on sunny days.”可知，在澳大利亚晴天人们不用伞，所以她晴天拿伞在男人看来很奇怪。故选B。 6．句意：我们应该如何处理这些差异呢？ deal with处理；write down写下；stick to坚持；look up查阅。根据“How should we...the differences?”可知，这里问的是如何处理文化差异。故选A。 7．句意：这里有一些建议。 positions位置；suggestions建议；purposes目的；trades贸易。根据后文“First, respect everyone everywhere...”可知，后面是一些应对文化差异的建议。故选B。 8．句意：第二，在去那里之前了解当地的文化。 sudden突然的；daily日常的；Australian澳大利亚的；local当地的。根据“learn about the...culture before going there.”可知，去一个地方之前要了解当地的文化。故选D。 9．句意：第三，如果我们犯了错误要解释。 if如果；because因为；so所以；but但是。“we make mistakes”是假设的情况，用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 10．句意：要友好地对待别人。 introduce介绍；hug拥抱；treat对待；doubt怀疑。根据“Just...others kindly.”可知，这里说的是要友好地对待别人。故选C。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给的单词的正确形式填空。 A In Shanghai, ride-hailing (网约车) drivers are drawing attention for their language skills. Many can speak more than four languages, making it 11 (easy) for foreigners to travel around than before. These drivers learn words and 12 (express) for daily use. Through study, they master plenty of languages by 13 (they) to communicate smoothly with passengers from other countries, making conversations more natural. This not only helps passengers feel more comfortable but also 14 (avoid) misunderstanding. The ability to speak different languages is 15 (especial) useful at busy places like the airport or places of interest. Drivers can explain traffic rules, suggest popular restaurants, or share local customs 16 (use) simple sentences. “My simple language is often enough to make a trip go well, 17 sometimes I still have to use translation apps to meet other needs which are difficult to understand.” said Wang Feng, a driver from Pudong, Shanghai. This effort shows Shanghai’s openness as 18 international city. By building language bridges, drivers not only provide a well-liked service but also make visitors feel welcome, helping the city connect with the world 19 a friendly way. 20 important to master a foreign language is! 11.___________ 12.___________ 13.___________ 14.___________ 15.___________ 16.___________ 17.___________ 18.___________ 19.___________ 20.___________ 【答案】 11．easier 12．expressions 13．themselves 14．avoids 15．especially 16．using 17．but 18．an 19．in 20．How 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了上海网约车司机通过自学掌握多语种技能，为外国乘客提供便利服务，体现城市开放包容的形象。 11．句意：许多人会说四种以上的语言，这使得外国人比以前更容易四处旅行。根据空格后“than before”，结合所给词可知，easy“容易的”，形容词，此处应填入其比较级形式easier，意为“更容易的”，指使得外国人比以前更容易四处旅行。故填easier。 12．句意：这些司机学习日常使用的单词和表达。分析句子“These drivers learn words and…for daily use.”，结合所给词可知，express“表达”，动词，此处应填入expressions，复数名词，与空格前“words”并列，作宾语。故填expressions。 13．句意：通过学习，他们自己掌握了大量的语言，以便与来自其他国家的乘客顺利交流，使对话更加自然。根据“they master plenty of languages by…”，结合所给词可知，they“他们”，主格人称代词，此处应填入其反身代词themselves，by themselves“通过他们自己”，指的是他们自己掌握了大量的语言。故填themselves。 14．句意：这不仅有助于乘客感到更舒适，还能避免误解。分析句子“This not only helps passengers feel more comfortable but also….misunderstanding.”可知，该句时态为一般现在时，且主语“This”是单数，结合所给词，此处应填入avoid的三单形式avoids，与“helps”作并列谓语。故填avoids。 15．句意：说不同语言的能力在繁忙的地方特别有用，如机场或名胜古迹。分析句子“The ability to speak different languages is…useful at busy places like the airport or places of interest.”，结合所给词可知，especial“特别的”，形容词，此处应填入其副词形式especially，修饰形容词useful，意为“特别地”，指说不同语言的能力在繁忙的地方特别有用。故填especially。 16．句意：司机可以解释交通规则，推荐受欢迎的餐馆，或者用简单的句子分享当地的风俗。分析句子“Drivers can explain traffic rules, suggest popular restaurants, or share local customs…simple sentences.”，结合所给词可知，use“使用”，动词，此处应填入其动名词形式using，作方式状语，指用简单的句子分享当地的风俗。故填using。 17．句意：“我简单的语言通常足以让旅行顺利进行，但有时我仍然必须使用翻译应用程序来满足其他难以理解的需求。”来自上海浦东的司机王峰说。分析句子“My simple language is often enough to make a trip go well,…sometimes I still have to use translation apps to meet other needs which are difficult to understand.”可知，空格前后构成转折关系，所以此处应填入but，并列连词，表转折，意为“但是”符合语境。故填but。 18．句意：这种努力显示了上海作为一个国际城市的开放性。根据空格后“international city”可知，此处泛指一个国际城市，且international是以元音音素开头，此处应填入不定冠词an，表泛指。故填an。 19．句意：通过建立语言桥梁，司机不仅提供了受欢迎的服务，还让游客感到受欢迎，有助于城市以友好的方式与世界联系。根据“helping the city connect with the world…a friendly way”可知，此处应填入in，方式介词，意为“通过，以”，指有助于城市以友好的方式与世界联系。故填in。 20．句意：掌握一门外语是多么重要啊！分析句子“…important to master a foreign language is!”可知，该句是感叹句，且空格后“important”是形容词，所以此处应用how引导感叹句，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填How。 B Sleep is like food for the brain. Enough sleep helps the body 21 brain grow and develop. According to the latest China Sleep Quality Index (指数), half said that they felt tired after getting up and 15 percent of people had trouble 22 (fall) asleep. Ye Jingying, a sleep expert at Beijing Tongren Hospital, says, “If people often wake up during the night, 23 always feel weak and tired in the day, they should pay attention to their own sleep pattern.” Many people 24 (play) with their cell phones or iPads before sleeping. The report said that this was one of the main 25 (reason) for bad sleep. Other reasons include stress and bad moods. Forming good sleep habits 26 (be) also necessary. The report suggested that people need to keep away from digital devices (数码产品) for at 27 (little) an hour before sleep. The lights keep 28 (they) brains exciting for a long while. Moreover, try to go to sleep and wake up 29 time every day, even on weekends and during holidays, and do some 30 (relax) things before going to bed each night. It can help you fall asleep sooner. 21.___________ 22.___________ 23.___________ 24.___________ 25.___________ 26.___________ 27.___________ 28.___________ 29.___________ 30.___________ 【答案】 21．and 22．falling 23．or 24．play 25．reasons 26．is 27．least 28．their 29．on 30．relaxing 【导语】本文主要介绍了睡眠的重要性，分析了导致睡眠不佳的现代生活习惯（如使用电子产品），并给出了改善睡眠质量的实用建议。 21．句意：充足的睡眠有助于身体和大脑的生长发育。根据“helps the body...brain grow and develop”可知，身体和大脑是并列的两个对象，应用连词and连接。故填and。 22．句意：根据最新的中国睡眠质量指数，一半的人说他们起床后感到疲倦，并且15%的人难以入睡。根据“had trouble”和语境可知，此处表达“入睡有困难”，构成“have trouble (in) doing sth.”的搭配。故填falling。 23．句意：北京同仁医院的睡眠专家叶靖莹说：“如果人们经常在夜间醒来，或者总是在白天感到虚弱和疲倦，他们应该关注自己的睡眠模式。”根据“If people often wake up during the night”和“always feel weak and tired in the day”可知，这是睡眠模式问题可能出现的两种不同或选择性状况，应用连词or连接，表示“或者”。故填or。 24．句意：许多人在睡觉前玩手机或平板电脑。根据“before sleeping”和全文使用的“现在”时态可知，此处描述一个常见习惯，主语为复数，时态为一般现在时，动词用原形。故填play。 25．句意：报告称，这是导致睡眠不佳的主要原因之一。根据“one of the main”可知，其后应接复数名词，表示“主要……之一”。故填reasons。 26．句意：养成良好的睡眠习惯也是必要的。根据主语“Forming good sleep habits”可知，这里表示“养成良好睡眠习惯”这一个行为，动名词“Forming”作主语，视为单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。 27．句意：报告建议，人们需要在睡觉前至少远离数码产品一小时。根据“for...an hour before sleep”可知，此处指至少一小时，构成“at least”短语。故填least。 28．句意：光线会使他们的大脑长时间处于兴奋状态。根据“keep...brains excited”可知，此处指“人们的”大脑，需用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 29．句意：此外，试着每天准时睡觉和起床，即使在周末和假日也应如此，并且在每晚睡觉前做一些放松的事情，这可以帮助你更快入睡。根据“wake up...time every day”可知，此处强调“准时”，构成“on time”短语。故填on。 30．句意：此外，试着每天准时睡觉和起床，即使在周末和假日也应如此，并且在每晚睡觉前做一些放松的事情，这可以帮助你更快入睡。根据“do some...things”和“before going to bed”可知，此处指睡前做“令人放松的”事情。故填relaxing。 三、单词拼写 31．Recently, more and more people are eager to learn the ________ skills. (tradition) 【答案】traditional 【解析】句意：最近，越来越多的人渴望学习传统技能。tradition“传统”，此处需要用形容词修饰名词skills，tradition的形容词形式是traditional。故填traditional。 32．When we visit some websites, hidden software may collect our _______ information. (person) 【答案】personal 【解析】句意：当我们访问某些网站时，隐藏的软件可能会收集我们的个人信息。根据“information”以及提示词可知，此处需要填入形容词来修饰information，person的形容词形式为personal，表示“个人的”。故填personal。 33．Andy was ______ to know that his science project won the first prize. (surprise) 【答案】surprised 【解析】句意：安迪得知他的科学项目获得了一等奖，感到很惊讶。主语“Andy”是人，表达“感到惊讶的”要用形容词surprised，与系动词“was”构成系表结构。故填surprised。 34．We were ________ that our cat came home safely after being missing for two days. (luck) 【答案】lucky 【解析】句意：我们的猫失踪两天后平安回了家，我们感到很幸运。空格前是be动词“were”，此处需要填形容词作表语，描述主语“We”的情绪状态；结合“our cat came home safely after being missing for two days”可知，猫失踪两天后平安回了家，这是很幸运的事情，应用luck的形容词形式lucky“幸运的”。故填lucky。 35．Lucy doesn’t do her homework so ________ (careful) as the others in her class. 【答案】carefully 【解析】句意：露西做作业不像班上其他人那样认真。空格处修饰动词短语“do her homework”可知应用副词，careful“仔细的，认真的，形容词”的副词是carefully。not so/as...as“不如……一样”，中间接形容词或副词原级。故填carefully。 36．Today is ______ (warm) than yesterday. 【答案】warmer 【解析】句意：今天比昨天更暖和。根据“than”可知此处用比较级。故填warmer。 37．During the school sports meeting, Joe jumped the _____ (high) in the class. 【答案】highest 【解析】句意：在学校的运动会中，乔在班级里跳得最高。根据“Joe jumped the…(high) in the class.”可知，此处应该用最高级，high的最高级是highest。故填highest。 38．The math problem isn’t difficult, and I can work it out ________ (easy). 【答案】easily 【解析】句意：这道数学题不难，我可以很容易地算出来。此空修饰动词短语“work out”，应用“easy”的副词easily“容易地”。故填easily。 39．A few minutes later, the wind became much _________. (strong) 【答案】stronger 【解析】句意：几分钟后，风变得更大了。much修饰形容词比较级，strong的比较级为stronger。故填stronger。 40．The ________ (hard) you practice, the greater progress you will make. 【答案】harder 【解析】句意：你越努力练习，你就会取得越大的进步。本句是“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”的句型，表示“越……就越……”，空处用hard的比较级harder。故填harder。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2/18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $