专题02 阅读理解之记叙文（题型专练）（山东专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题02 阅读理解之记叙文 内●容●导●航 第一部分 题型解码 高屋建瓴，掌握全局 题型概述 考向分类 技巧点拨 第二部分 考向突破 微观解剖，精细教学 考向01 细节理解题 考向02 主旨大意及最佳标题 考点03 推理判断题 考点04 猜测词义及指代关系题 第三部分 题型训练 整合应用，模拟实战 题●型●解●码 题型概述 近两年山东中考英语阅读理解中，记叙文是核心考查题型之一，占阅读总分约25%左右，题量1-2篇、6-10题，分值每题2分。选材贴近初中学生生活与学习实际，人物故事类的阅读理解是中考英语的常考材料之一。这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查考生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。 考向分类 1.细节理解题：最基础高频，考查对具体信息的捕捉，如时间、地点、人物行为等。占比 约40%，题干给出信息，学生文中定位作答。 2.推理判断：要求依据文本合理推断作者意图、情感态度、文章启示等，考查逻辑思维。约 占30%，从故事结局推人物性格等，选项迷惑性强。 3. 主旨大意/标题归纳题：考查概括中心思想、选择标题、判断段落大意，检验综合归纳能 力。比重约20%，概括内容或选标题，需把握整体脉络。 4.词义、代词猜测：通过语境、构词法猜测生词含义。占比约10%。 技巧点拨 1. 细节理解题 ☆考察方面：学生对相关信息的识别能力，答案一般可在原文定位到。 ☆答题事项：应迅速找到并且定位到考点，不可望文生义和主观臆断。 干扰选项：一般与文中观点相反，不符，未涉及，特征是无中生有，张冠李戴，以偏概全，扩大内容。 解题技巧： 通读短文,领会文章大意,理解文章结构层次及细节,特别注意： 1. 五个W （who , which , when , where , what ）和一个H （ how ） ; 2. 数字、日期、时间等; 3. 注意加强语气的词，运用排除法排除不符合原文细节的选项，剩下的就是最佳答案。 2.词句猜测题 此题要求考生正确理解短文中的一些关键词语或句子的含义，常用的方法是多种表达法、一词多义法、同义近义或反义提示法、习语释文法及句型转换法等。 解题技巧： 1. 正确理解题意,从短文中找到相关的词、短语或句子，根据特定的语境来判断理解，推敲斟酌和最后确定其准确含义。 2. 根据上下文猜测词义的技巧： （1）注意定义和解释; （2）同义词或近义词的提示; （3）近义词和反义词的提示; （4）利用悬念的属种关系; （5）借助已有知识或生活常识。 3. 推理判断题(不要自行推理+过度推理) ☆考察方面：透过文章的信息进入深刻的分析，归纳和推断得解。 ☆答题事项：应迅速找到并且定位到考点，不可望文生义和主观臆断。 解题技巧： 1. 分析文章的主旨。 2. 分清文章的主要思想及次要思想。 3. 寻找文章的逻辑思路。 4. 核对问题中各项选择与文章中有关词句的联系。 4. 主旨大意题(Best title) ☆考察方面：学生对文章主旨的驾驭能力，答案一般需要合理的归纳和总结得到。 ☆答题事项：通过略读来快速把握文章的中心，阅读时视域要宽，紧抓对主题句搜索，按意群进行阅读，避免阅读中的出声，指读，复视或停顿。 考●向●突●破 考向01 细节理解题 【2025·济南·中考】Grandpa became blind when he was 20 years old, but it never slowed down the strong-willed (坚强的) man. He worked in a shop every day. Customers would give him money, and he would return the right change and give them exactly what they wanted. He had many friends who visited the shop just to talk to him, and at that time, I helped to hand customers their drinks and snacks. This made me feel grown-up. ...... It seemed like every time I stayed with him, we would visit someone in the evening who was weak or very sick. Although he can’t see things, he never let it stop him from working and being kind to others. His love for people never ended. 7．Which of the following best describes Grandpa? A．Active but shy. B．Strong-willed and caring. C．Kind but strict. D．Warm-hearted and humorous. 【2025·青岛·中考】For Chen Sheng, a young man in Meitan, Guizhou province, caring for the elderly (年老的) is more than a job—it’s a calling in his heart. Chen Sheng was raised by his grandparents, and his dream was to take care of more elderly people. After graduating in 2017 with a degree in healthcare, Chen Sheng completed eight months of training in a local hospital and started to work in a nursing home. 16. What made Chen Sheng want to work in the nursing home? A．His growth experience. B．His grandparents’ words. C．His educational background. D．His training in the hospital. 【2025·枣庄·中考】From an early age, I began to like Chinese culture a lot. When there was a chance to study in Beijing as an exchange student, I took it at once. In my first 24 hours in Beijing, I felt very nervous. I didn’t see one foreigner. But on my first day of school, I was greeted by many foreign faces. The students came from all over the world. I would be in a class with Chelsea from Norway and Charlie from my motherland — the UK. 11. According to the passage, why did the writer go to Beijing? A．To see more foreigners in Beijing. B．To visit a good Chinese friend in Beijing. C．To eat delicious Chinese food in Beijing. D．To study in Beijing as an exchange student. 考向02 主旨大意及最佳标题 【2025·青岛·中考】As the needs for elderly care continue to grow, more and more young people, including those born after 2000, have come to work in the nursing home. They are making every effort to take good care of the elderly and make them live a happy life. 20. What is the main purpose of this text? A．To improve medical conditions for the elderly. B．To develop the interests and hobbies of the elderly. C．To call on more young people to care for the elderly. D．To introduce the elderly people’s life in the nursing home. 【2025·东营·中考】Once there was a beautiful big red wagon in the window of a toy store. Billy and George often came to the store window to look at the toys. Among them, the boys liked the red wagon best. “I have got many toys, but I wish I had that wagon,” said Billy. “I could use it for so many things.” ...... There was the big red wagon! It had a card on it, but this one did not say SOLD．It said, “Happy Birthday to a good helper who needs a red wagon.” 20. What’s the best title of the story? A．A red wagon B．A nice wish C．Billy and George D．The wise parents 【2025·烟台·中考】 Upon leaving the army, Robinson played baseball in a black league team, where he drew the attention of the general manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers, Branch Rickey. Robinson’s talents on the field, his honesty, and his caring for family all satisfied Rickey. In 1947, Robinson joined the Brooklyn Dodgers, becoming the first black player in the major leagues and breaking the 63-year-old “color line”. He achieved quick success on the field and became the National League’s Most Valuable Player in 1949. From 1947 through 1956, he led the Dodgers to six league championships and one World Series victory. 9. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A．Robinson’s baseball team. B．Robinson’s baseball experiences. C．Robinson’s baseball talents. D．Robinson’s friendship with Rickey. 考向03 推理判断题 【2025·济南·中考】 Grandpa became blind when he was 20 years old, but it never slowed down the strong-willed (坚强的) man. He worked in a shop every day. Customers would give him money, and he would return the right change and give them exactly what they wanted. He had many friends who visited the shop just to talk to him, and at that time, I helped to hand customers their drinks and snacks. This made me feel grown-up. He also cooked lunch and washed dishes while Grandma worked. As a boy, I would watch him move around the house from room to room as if he could see. I was so surprised about how he moved from cooking to washing the dishes, never making a mistake. 6. What can we learn about Grandpa? A．He had few friends. B．He lived like a normal person. C．He had many hobbies. D．He became blind at 25 years old. 【2025·青岛·中考】 Besides medical care, Chen Sheng also gives emotional (情感的) support. He always offers comfort in time when a grandpa or a grandma is upset. Grandma Sun likes to talk with Chen Sheng every day and always shares the things she considers valuable. Grandma Sun feels warm and happy because of Chen Sheng. Her family thanks him for his patience and great love. 19．Which of the following can best describe Chen Sheng? A．Honest and confident. B．Brave and selfless. C．Outgoing and humorous. D．Warm-hearted and patient. 【2025·东营·中考】 Katie and her friends, Pedro and JoJo, took a trip to the beach with their families. “Let’s do everything together! We’ll have so much fun!” said Katie. “Let’s build the biggest sand castle (城堡) in the world!” shouted Pedro. “That’s not fun!” JoJo said. “But I think it is,” replied Katie. “Let’s start. You two carry the water to me. I will build the castle.” When the castle was finished, it wasn’t big and kept falling down. “What a bad castle!” Katie moaned (抱怨). ...... “I’m sorry!” said Katie. “I won’t be a meanie anymore. Is it okay if I share the sea with you?” “Yes!” said her friends. And there was full of laughter in the sea. 25. What can we learn from the story? A．The same interests bring laughter. B．A true friend touches your heart. C．Life is fun with sharing and caring. D．Working together makes perfect. 考向04 猜测词义及指代关系题 【2025·青岛·中考】 Besides medical care, Chen Sheng also gives emotional (情感的) support. He always offers comfort in time when a grandpa or a grandma is upset. Grandma Sun likes to talk with Chen Sheng every day and always shares the things she considers valuable. Grandma Sun feels warm and happy because of Chen Sheng. Her family thanks him for his patience and great love. 17．What does the underlined word “quit” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Hang out. B．Give up. C．Talk back. D．Calm down. 【2025·济宁·中考】 Jimmy Carter is a 10-year-old boy who has visited many places around the world. But unlike most travelers, Jimmy “sees” these places from his mother’s back. Born with blindness and disability, Jimmy depends completely on his mother Anna and needs round-the-clock care. 8. What does the underlined word “round-the-clock” mean? A．step by step B．sooner or later C．from time to time D．all day and night 【2025·泰安·中考】 Then Paul got married and had some kids. But his dream would not die. He kept thinking about it. One night he took some action. He sneaked out into the wasteland with a backpack full of seedlings and started planting. For seven hours, he planted the seedlings. Every week, he made his secret journey and did the same job, but most of them died. For fifteen years he did this. 37．Which can best explain the underlined phrase “sneaked out” in Paragraph 3? A．Ran outside excitedly and rapidly. B．Invited others to go out together. C．Walked out quickly and noisily. D．Left secretly to avoid being noticed. 题●型●训●练 基础过关 （一） （2025·山东泰安·三模） Wang Zizhong, a 78-year-old farmer from Ciyu village in Shandong, has devoted the past 42 years of his life to greening mountains and protecting forests with his family. In 1983, Wang Zizhong saw the poor hills to the north of Ciyu and started thinking about planting trees on them. The serious soil erosion (土壤侵蚀) on the mountains had greatly influenced the lives of the villagers. He left his job as a teacher, rented the land from the local government and took on the task of greening the poor hills. He led his family up the mountains and began the arduous journey of planting trees. At that time, he and his wife left their two teenage sons in the cave while the couple dug holes for the trees. There were no roads, so Wang had to carry tree seedlings and water on his shoulder and walk kilometers to the mountains. The water he carried each time could only water seven or eight trees. So he had to make many trips every day. The family would stay on the mountains for over a month at a time. They slept in the cave, ate pancakes and drank mountain stream water. In 1997, Wang’s wife passed away suddenly from a heart attack while she was on the mountains. However, Wang didn’t give up. He continued to live and work on the mountains, planting trees. As Wang grew older, he passed on the task of forest protection to his son. Influenced by his father, Wang Tao took over the job and worked hard every day to carry on the family’s work. Over 42 years, the Wang family has planted over 200,000 trees, covering more than 133 hectares. Their efforts have turned the poor mountains into green forests, leaving a “green treasure” for future and showing that the idea of green development is increasingly taking root in people’s hearts. 1．Why did Wang Zizhong decide to plant trees? A．He wanted to improve local life. B．He hoped to make more money. C．It was a good way to keep himself busy. D．The government called on people to do so. 2．What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Educational. B．Difficult. C．Interesting. D．Boring. 3．What did Wang Zizhong do after his wife’s death? A．He greened the hills as usual. B．He suffered from a serious disease. C．He chose to stay on the mountains alone. D．He let his son continue his work at once. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The harm of soil erosion to a village. B．A villager’s teaching career and later life. C．The road to forest protection in Ciyu village. D．A family’s long-term efforts to green mountains. （二） （2025·山东青岛·三模） For Li Donglin, an 18-year-old senior school student, this past summer was all about cultural relic sites (文物遗址). He joined a cultural relies census (审查) team to have a deep understanding of the sites. Li’s love for cultural relies began at an early age. Since childhood, he has enjoyed collecting things and now has over 100 cultural artifacts (文物). Besides collecting, he has also restored (修复) more than 200 artifacts, improving this skill a lot. Although he has strong connection with ancient artifacts, it was his first time to take part in this job. The work turned out to be quite challenging. Setting up boundaries (边界) and sizing areas were their main tasks. To describe the ancient village sites better, the team had to walk a long way to work out the boundaries. In the hot summer sun, Li often walked up to 30,000 steps a day through corn fields. _________ “After digging, we examined some earth to find the sign of cultural relies,” Li said. “This step is the key to making sure we get the boundaries right and avoid missing any relies.” Then, the team used special tools to work out the site’s total area. “It is hard work, but being able to describe each site more exactly so that all sites receive the most protection makes us very happy.” Li said. Looking ahead, Li wants to study cultural relies and archaeology (考古学) in college. “I hope I can help with the archaeological work in my hometown,” Li said. 1．Which of the following can be put in ________? A．But he never gave up his tasks. B．Though feeling tired, he was happy. C．Based on the walks, he knew the boundaries. D．During these walks, he also did some digging. 2．Li and his team ________ for their census work. ①restored the artifacts    ②did some digging    ③sized the sites ④studied the earth    ⑤collected the artifacts A．①②③ B．③④⑤ C．②③④ D．②④⑥ 3．From the last two paragraphs, we can know that ________. A．Li takes much pride in his work B．Li’s daily life is hard but interesting C．Li wants to find a job in his hometown D．Li hopes to join more census teams 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Digging to the College B．Surveying the Ancient Past C．Dreaming of the Future D．Discovering the New Life （三） （2025·山东青岛·三模） When his ship was destroyed in a storm, Gulliver was washed up on the island of Lilliput. All of the people, animals and things in that country were tiny. The average (平均) Lilliputian stood only six inches (英尺) tall—so to them, Gulliver was a giant (巨人)! He soon made friends with the Emperor of Lilliput and the emperor’s family. They made sure that their guest was well taken care of! Each day, he was served with good meals. Gulliver repaid the Lilliputians’ kindness by doing jobs for them. He could plough (耕) a field with his comb (梳子), lift rocks without difficulty and construct stone houses as if he was playing with toy blocks. The only problem for Gulliver was getting a good night’s sleep! He had a quilt that was made of many Lilliputian blankets (毯子), and it was very comfortable. But his bed was made from lots of tiny beds tied together—and it was terribly uncomfortable! He couldn’t sleep well. After too many sleepless nights, Gulliver had an idea. He made a plan on the largest piece of paper he could find. The emperor and empress looked at it, nodded, and began giving orders to their people. People in Lilliput tried their best to help to make his “invention”. After many days, Gulliver’s invention was ready, and all the tiny people gathered to see it. The thing was about two metres long, and it looked like a strange floppy (耷拉的) balloon. The crowd watched as Gulliver picked it up and began blowing into it through a tiny valve (阀门) in the side. It started to puff up (膨胀) as he filled it with lungfuls of (一大口) air. At last, it was full, and he plugged (堵，塞) the valve with a cork (塞子). The object looked like a huge rectangular (矩形) cake as it sat on the ground! Gulliver lay down on it with a sigh of (短暂的) satisfaction and pulled the patchwork (拼缝的) quilt up to his chin (下巴). His new air mattress (床垫) was much more comfortable than dozens of (几十个) little beds joined together. It was like sleeping on a cloud! He fell asleep as the crowd quietly go back home. —Adapted from Gulliver’s Travels 1．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “construct” in paragraph 3? A．Build. B．Paint. C．Clean. D．Draw. 2．Why did Gulliver decide to make his “invention”? A．He was ordered by the emperor to do so. B．All the tiny people gathered to see him. C．He needed a comfortable bed to have a good sleep. D．The tiny people gave him lots of tiny beds to tie together. 3．Which of the following best describes Gulliver? A．funny and kind B．helpful and skillful C．pleasant and humorous D．brave and hardworking （四） （2025·山东枣庄·三模） In a small village, there were two brothers named Jamie and Jack. They lived next door to each other on their farms for 20 years. Every day, they worked together and happily helped one another. One day, the two brothers had a fight over a small misunderstanding, which quickly turned into a bigger problem. They stopped working together and began using malicious words towards each other. This led to complete silence between them, and neither spoke to the other again. After a week, someone knocked on Jamie’s door. When he opened it, he found a man with a carpenter’s (木匠的) toolbox. The man said, “I’m looking for some work. Do you have any small jobs I can help with?” Jamie thought for a moment and replied, “Yes, I have a job for you.” He pointed to a wide ditch (沟渠) on the farm and said, “My brother and I used to work together, but last week, he dug this ditch to separate our farms. I want you to build a tall fence (围栏) there, so I don’t have to see my brother anymore.” The carpenter agreed. Jamie then left for town to do some shopping. Instead of the fence he had requested, he was surprised to see a beautiful bridge across the ditch when he returned. Just as he was about to ask the carpenter what had happened, Jack walked across the bridge with tears in his eyes. “I’m so sorry, Jamie. After everything I’ve said, you still build this bridge to fix things between us,” Jack said. “You’re the best brother ever.” He then gave Jamie a warm hug. At that moment, the two brothers realized just how important they were to each other. The bridge had become more than just a way to cross the ditch—it was a symbol of their renewed bond (关系) and understanding. 1．What does the underlined word “malicious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Empty. B．Foreign. C．Unkind. D．Difficult. 2．What do we know about the carpenter? A．He left without finishing the job. B．He didn’t do the job as requested. C．He wasn’t actually skilled at repairing things. D．He helped Jamie shop for tools and materials. 3．What does the author want to tell us through the story? A．Silence is golden in relationships. B．What goes around comes around. C．Understanding can bridge the deepest divide. D．Family isn’t an important thing—it’s everything. （五） （2025·山东济宁·模拟预测） One sunny morning, Lucy found a strange letter in her mailbox. The envelope was old-fashioned, with a wax seal and no return address. Inside, there was a handwritten note that said, “Meet me at the old oak tree in the park at sunset. Come alone, and bring the silver locket your grandmother left you.” Lucy was confused. She had a silver locket, but she had never shown it to anyone. How did the writer of the letter know about it? Her grandmother had passed away two years ago, and the locket was very special to her. It held a tiny picture of her grandmother when she was young. As sunset approached, Lucy decided to go to the park. She was a bit scared but also very curious. When she arrived at the old oak tree, she saw an old woman sitting on a bench. The woman smiled at Lucy and said, “You must be Lucy. I’m Mrs. Thompson, an old friend of your grandmother.” Mrs. Thompson explained that she and Lucy’s grandmother had been close friends when they were young. They had a special adventure together. “Your grandmother was very brave,” Mrs. Thompson said. “She once saved my life during a big storm in the forest.” Mrs. Thompson then asked to see the locket. When Lucy opened it, Mrs. Thompson smiled and pointed at the picture. “This was taken on the day we had our big adventure” she said. Lucy listened carefully, fascinated by the story. Mrs. Thompson gave Lucy a small diary. “This was your grandmother’s. She wanted you to have it,” she said. As Lucy took the diary, she felt a strong connection to her grandmother. She knew that this mysterious letter had led her to a precious piece of her family’s history. 1．What did the letter ask Lucy to bring? A．Her grandmother’s diary B．A wax-sealed envelope C．The silver locket D．A picture of her grandmother 2．Why did Mrs. Thompson ask Lucy to come to the park? A．To return something that belonged to Lucy B．To tell Lucy about her grandmother’s adventures C．To give Lucy a new locket D．To ask Lucy for help 3．The word “fascinated” in the last paragraph probably means ________. A．bored B．interested C．scared D．sad 4．What is the main idea of the story? A．Lucy found a new friend in the park. B．Lucy’s grandmother was a very brave woman. C．A mysterious letter led Lucy to learn about her grandmother’s past. D．Mrs. Thompson and Lucy’s grandmother had many adventures. （六） （2025·山东日照·三模） “Thank you for your email. I have left to follow my dream of knitting (编织) sweaters for penguins and no longer work for the School of Economics. I will be out of office… until my penguin friends are happy.” This is part of an email received by a Chinese student studying in the UK from her teacher, which has recently become popular online. You may find this email surprising, but knitting sweaters for penguins is a real act of kindness. The idea was started by the Penguin Foundation (基金会) and Phillip Island Nature Parks in Australia. The project began due to a serious oil spill (泄漏) near Phillip Island in the late 1990s. During that time, the number and health of baby penguins dropped rapidly. When little penguins became covered in oil, they tried to clean themselves with their beaks (喙), but eating the oil could be deadly. The oil also made it difficult for them to swim or hunt for food. To solve this problem, the foundation asked knitters worldwide to make sweaters for affected (受影响的) penguins. These sweaters could keep the penguins warm during the cleaning process and stop them from eating the oil. It’s a good method to protect penguins. In 2001, there was another oil spill near Phillip Island. Thanks to the sweaters, 96 percent of the affected penguins were successfully saved. However, some people have questioned the idea of animals wearing human-made clothing. Certain bird protection groups have expressed worries that these sweaters might put more stress on the penguins’ bodies. The foundation explained that the sweaters were only a short-term way and will not be used when the penguins stay healthy. To ensure the penguins are protected and wearing appropriate clothes, the foundation has provided detailed instructions for knitters. For example, the total length of the finished sweater should be no more than 18 cm, the width across the body no more than 12 cm and the width of the bottom opening no more than 11 cm. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic of the text? A．By telling a joke. B．By introducing a teacher. C．By telling a famous saying. D．By describing an email. 2．What does the underlined word “appropriate” in the last paragraph most likely mean? A．proper B．thick C．plastic D．valuable 3．What can we learn about the knitting project? A．Its purpose is to protect the penguins from coldness. B．It has been supported by everyone. C．It will be a long-term way. D．It requires strict size instructions. 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Two serious oil spills B．Knit sweaters for penguins C．Penguins and human activities D．Pay close attention to affected penguins （七） （2025·山东东营·三模） Betty was excited to show her brother David the basket filled with seashells. But David was busy helping Dad get everything back into the car. “What are you going to do with those useless things?” he said. “You can’t take them home.” “But I want these seashells,” Betty said unhappily. “Each one is a different shape and size. They are all special.” Suddenly, David saw the water rising along the beach. He shouted to Betty, “The waves (海浪) are about to take your toys!” As Betty ran to get her things, she called to David, “Please put my seashells into the car!” David was putting one of the beach chairs into the car when his foot accidentally knocked over the basket. As David lifted a heavy box, he slipped (滑倒) and dropped the box right on top of the seashells, breaking most of them into pieces. Betty came back with her toys. When she saw her seashells broken, she began to cry. David started to pick up the seashells and place them carefully back into the basket. Dad tried to explain to Betty that it was an accident. But Betty was still upset. David also felt sad. He thought about what he could do to make it up to his sister. When he got home, he had a perfect idea. The next morning David waited for Betty with the basket of seashells and some strong glue. He also had a framed (装框的) photo of the two of them. Together they looked through the basket and found several seashells that were not broken and could still be used. Then they glued the seashells to the frame. “I’m really sorry, Betty.” David said. “Yesterday I was very careless with something special to you.” Betty looked at her brother and smiled. “You’re the best big brother ever!” 1．What did Betty think of the seashells? A．Heavy. B．Useless. C．Special. D．Perfect. 2．Betty began to cry when ________. A．she slipped and hurt herself B．she knocked over the basket C．she saw the broken seashells D．she told her dad about the accident 3．David glued the seashells to the frame to ________. A．make it up to his sister B．develop his painting skill C．prepare a gift for his dad D．make the picture beautiful 4．What is the correct order of this story? ①Betty picked some seashells at the seaside. ②Betty began to cry. ③David put the broken seashells carefully back into the basket. ④David broke most of the seashells into pieces. ⑤David and Betty stuck the seashells to the frame. A．①③②④⑤ B．①④②③⑤ C．③④②①⑤ D．③④①②⑤ 5．What would Betty feel at last? A．Angry. B．Hopeful. C．Moved. D．Sad. 能力进阶 （一） （2025·山东济南·模拟预测） There is a saying, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.” It describes the big challenge of making a journey to the Great Wall. It also tells people not to give up. British brothers James and Thomas Lindsay, aged 30 and 23, know the saying very well. And in 2022, the two brothers spent months running along the Great Wall. The pair set off from Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu Province on July 15. It took the two 131 days of running and walking along the main west-to-east length of the Great Wall to reach Shanhaiguan Pass on November 22. Their Great Wall journey covered 3, 263 kilometers. They are the first known brothers, and Thomas is the youngest person, to succeed in running the wall in one journey. The two brothers’ love for the Great Wall is from their father, William Lindsay. William once ran along the wall 37 years ago. He has devoted (奉献) more than 30 years of his life to visiting, studying and protecting the wall. His actions influenced his two sons. They spent most of their weekends walking, taking photos and picking up rubbish from the Great Wall. Compared to their father’s journey, the brothers’ trip was helped by advanced tools like GPS watches and digital maps. However, it was still not easy for the two to do that. They had to go through bad weather and even illnesses. Finally, they completed their trip. This experience gave the brothers a deeper understanding of the Great Wall and the history behind it. For the two, it is not enough to just go to the Great Wall; they must also love and protect it. 1．What inspired James and Thomas Lindsay to run along the Great Wall? A．The challenge of the long-distance running. B．Their father’s influence and love for the Great Wall. C．The saying “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man” D．The advanced tools like GPS watches and digital maps. 2．How long did the two brothers’ journey along the Great Wall last? A．About three months. B．About four months. C．About five months. D．About six months. 3．What can we know about William Lindsay? A．He is the first person to run along the Great Wall. B．He has spent all his life studying the Great Wall. C．He set a good example for his two sons in Great Wall protection. D．He used advanced tools when running along the Great Wall 37 years ago. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Thomas is the youngest person to visit the Great Wall. B．The brothers’ journey was easier than their father’s because of advanced tools. C．The brothers only ran and didn’t walk during their journey. D．The brothers’ journey started from Shanhaiguan Pass. 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．More people will be inspired by the brothers to run along the Great Wall. B．The Great Wall is in bad condition and needs more protection. C．The brothers will continue to do something for the Great Wall’s protection. D．Running along the Great Wall will become a popular sport in the future. （二） （2025·山东临沂·二模） We all need purpose in our lives. And so do dogs. Work is good for us. While holidays are great, after a while, we can miss our sense of daily life and work, of duty and purpose. This is what happened to the German Shephard, Dorka. She was a bomb-detection (探测炸弹的) dog with the US Army in Afghanistan. Every day, with her owner Monte, she looked for bombs to protect the soldiers (士兵). When the dog and her owner’s duties were over, Monte brought Dorka home with him. But he soon found that Dorka was depressed. She missed her job and the sense of purpose it gave her. Her owner tried different things to cheer her up but nothing seemed to work. Then Monte had an idea. He began hiding objects for Dorka to find. The objects had a similar smell to what Dorka had been trained to look for. He’d hide them under parked cars or other hidden places. On their walks, it would be Dorka’s job to find these hidden objects. Soon, Monte noticed Dorka’s ears stand up and that her young energy had returned. “I immediately saw she was back to her happy self,” said Monte in a video he made for their TikTok channel, shared by the animal lovers’ site, The Dodo. “Seeing her happy makes me happy,” said Monte in the video. But why did this make Dorka so happy? It seems that she once again felt her purpose in life. Dorka had kept Monte safe in the war, and now Monte was looking after Dorka. What a beautiful friendship Monte and Dorka share! 1．What was the job of Dorka with the US Army in Afghanistan? A．She cheered soldiers up. B．She was a bomb-detection expert. C．She looked for bombs to protect the soldiers. 2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “depressed” in Paragraph2? A．Tired. B．Upset. C．Worried. 3．What can we know from Paragraph 3? A．What Monte did to cheer Dorka up. B．Where Monte usually hid the objects. C．How Dorka found the hidden objects. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Humans and dogs are good friends. B．Dogs need the purpose of life as humans. C．Humans need to take good care of dogs. （三） （2025·山东青岛·二模） Confucius was a famous teacher who was born in 551 BC． This period was a dangerous time in China’s history. Many rulers were fighting across the country. Life was difficult for the poor. They worked hard for their rulers and received little money in return. Confucius’ father died when he was only three years old. So only his mother supported him. As he grew up, Confucius worked to help his mother make money. When he wasn’t working, he would read. His favorite thing to do was learning. His mother did her best to help him learn. Gradually, rich families noticed how smart he was and offered him jobs counting their money. Confucius did this until he was 30 years old, but he always wanted to do more. He didn’t like the way rulers treated their people. He began reading again. He wanted to find a way to help people who were less lucky than he. He believed that by educating oneself, loving the family, and respecting (尊重) tradition, one could become a better person and achieve these things by practicing self-discipline (自律)—to control his actions and feelings. He also believed that these teachings would stop war, bring peace, and save China. For the rest of his life, Confucius traveled and taught people about self-discipline and the importance of education. He even opened China’s first school that taught both the poor and the wealthy. Although at that time he became very famous among China’s lower classes, the rulers never accepted his teachings. Self-discipline and education didn’t sound as good to them as power and wealth. 200 years later, all China accepted his teachings. Today, he is considered to be one of the world’s greatest teachers. 1．How was the life when Confucius was born? A．The people were so rich. B．It was a dangerous time. C．It was difficult for the rulers. D．The poor fought across the country. 2．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Confucius was offered jobs because of his mother. B．Confucius counted money for the rich for 30 years. C．Confucius wanted rulers to treat their people better. D．Confucius wanted to stop war and bring peace by reading. 3．What is self-discipline according to Confucius? A．Educating oneself. B．Loving the family. C．Respecting tradition. D．Controlling the actions and feelings. 4．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． （四） （2025·山东泰安·二模） A middle school student’s article has touched millions online. Zhang Xiaoran, a ninth-grader from Hangzhou, wrote about her trip back to her hometown Ulanqab (乌兰察布). In her article, she described traveling on a slow green train with her grandparents. The 25-hour ride was filled with warm memories: the sound of wheels on rails, dialects (口音) of passengers, and her grandparents’ care. She wrote about a kind grandfather who bought snacks just because the seller said, “Kids love these.” This reminded her of her late grandfather. Inner Mongolia’s tourism department sent her a special gift—all local scenic spots (景点) are free. They also mailed traditional foods like dried milk slices (奶片). Ulanqab’s officials invited her classmates to visit, calling it “the most romantic interaction (相互影响) between the north and south”. The article made “Ulanqab” a trending search online. Many netizens (网民) shared their own stories, saying Zhang’s writing made them reconnect with their childhood. This story teaches us that simple words can warm our hearts. As Zhang’s teacher said, “True feelings always shine brighter than AI-written words.” We should love and protect our family and hometowns. After all, kindness and love are the most powerful forces (力量) in our lives. Let’s take action to express our love to those around us. 1．What did Zhang Xiaoran describe in her article? A．Her life in Hangzhou. B．A train trip with her grandparents. C．Her favorite snacks from Ulanqab. D．An AI-written article competition. 2．What special gift did Inner Mongolia’s tourism department send to Zhang? A．A free green train ticket. B．An invitation to visit Ulanab with her classmates. C．Traditional foods and free scenic spot visit. D．A book about the north-south interaction. 3．What do Zhang’s teacher’s words mean? A．AI-written words are more creative. B．True feelings in writing are more touching. C．Students should learn from AI writing. D．Simple words are hard to understand. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce Zhang Xiaoran’s hometown Ulanqab. B．To explain how to write a moving article. C．To show the power of kindness, love, and true feelings. D．To encourage students to visit Inner Mongolia. （五） （2025·山东德州·一模） Tom’s mind was made up now. He was sad and disappointed. He was a lonely, friendless boy, he said; nobody loved him; when they found out what they had driven him to, perhaps they would be sorry; he had tried to do right and get along, but they would not let him; since nothing would do them but to be rid of him, let it be so; and let them blame (责备) him for the results—why shouldn’t they? What right had the friendless to complain? Yes, they had forced him to it at last: he would lead a life of crime. There was no choice. By this time he was far down Meadow Lane, and the bell for school to “take up” tinkled faintly (隐约地) upon his ear. He cried in a low voice, now, to think he should never, never hear that old familiar sound any more—it was very hard, but it was forced on him; since he was driven out into the cold world, he must obey—but he forgave them. Then the sound of soft crying came thick and fast. Just at this point he met his soul’s sworn (宣过誓的) friend, Joe Harper—hard-eyed, and with clearly a great and dismal (凄凉的) purpose in his heart. Clearly here were “two souls with but a single thought.” Tom, wiping his eyes with his clothes, began to cry out something about a decision to escape from hard usage and lack of sympathy (同情心) at home by going abroad into the great world never to return; and ended by hoping that Joe would not forget him. But it was known that this was a request which Joe had just been going to make of Tom, and had come to hunt him up for that purpose. His mother had whipped (鞭打) him for drinking some cream which he had never tasted and knew nothing about; it was clear that she was tired of him and wished him to go; if she felt that way, there was nothing for him to do but give in; he hoped she would be happy, and never regret having driven her poor boy out into the unfeeling world to suffer and die. —From The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 1．Why did Tom decide to lead a life of crime? A．He didn’t like making friends with others. B．He thought nobody cared about him. C．He would like others not to blame him D．He would meet a friend by doing this. 2．What can you infer about Tom and Joe’s friendship? A．They knew each other very well but wasn’t close. B．They were classmates who agreed to drive to school. C．They could understand each other’s feelings well. D．They became good friends after this event. 3．What do you think of Joe? A．Humorous. B．Clever. C．Selfish. D．Sensitive (敏感的). 4．Put the following sentences in the order they appear in the text. ① Tom decided to leave home.    ②Tom felt sad and disappointed. ③ Tom thought nobody loved him.    ④Tom met Joe in the street. ⑤ Tom told Joe to escape from the home. A．①②③④⑤ B．②③①④⑤ C．⑤③④①② D．③②①⑤④ 5．What do you think will happen next? A．They decided to run away together. B．They went back to their own homes. C．They returned to the school together. D．They prepared gifts for their own families. （六） （2025·山东聊城·二模） Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away on February 6th,2025. But his great deeds and strong spirit will always stay in our hearts and keep lighting up (点亮) China’s way forward. Huang Xuhua was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. When he was young, he saw the hard times of his country under foreign attacks. These sad memories made him study hard. He made a promise to make the country strong with his knowledge. In the 1950s, when China started to develop nuclear submarines (核潜艇), it was a very difficult job. Huang Xuhua was not afraid and stood up bravely. At that time, there was not much advanced technology or many resources. The task felt almost impossible. But he and his team took on this challenge. To keep the project secret, they stopped contacting the outside world, even their families. Huang Xuhua left his hometown for many years. During the design process, they met a lot of problems. They couldn’t get help from foreign experts, so they could only depend on their own research. They used simple tools like abacuses (算盘) to calculate (计算) and do experiments with great effort. Another important problem was to make sure the submarine was stable (稳定的) underwater. After many tests, they slowly solved these problems. Finally, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully. This made China one of the few countries that had this ability. Huang Xuhua didn’t stop after this big success. He went on to help with the development of submarine technology. His hard work and devotion (奉献) won him many honors, including the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019. Now, when we think of him, we know that his life can inspire us a lot. We, especially the young people, should learn from his spirit. Let’s take on the responsibility, face challenges bravely, and work hard to make China stronger. In this way, his spirit will live on. 1．What does the underlined word “contacting” mean in Chinese? A．友谊 B．合作 C．联系 D．谈判 2．What do Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly talk about? A．It took only several years to develop China’s first nuclear submarine successfully. B．Developing China’s first nuclear submarine was a difficult process full of challenges. C．Developing China’s first nuclear submarine mainly depended on advanced technology. D．It was easy to develop China’s first nuclear submarine with the help of foreign experts. 3．When was China’s first nuclear submarine developed successfully? A．In the 1950s. B．In the 1960s. C．In the 1970s. D．In the 1980s. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Huang Xuhua? A．Brave and cold-hearted. B．Creative and humorous. C．Curious and responsible. D．Devoted and hard-working. 5．What can we know from the passage? A．Huang Xuhua cared about his family very much. B．Huang Xuhua has a deep love for his home country. C．Huang Xuhua wanted to develop nuclear submarines at an early age. D．Huang Xuhua stopped working after the success of the first nuclear submarine. （七） （2025·河南驻马店·一模） Technologies in everyday life in China surprised Sofia Reznikova, a 31-year-old visitor from Russia. She first learned about the 144 hour visa-free transit policy (过境免签) on line when she watched videos about people traveling to China. Reznikova visited Guangzhou and Shenzhen in June. A highlight (亮点) of her stay was the robotic delivery service (机器人送货服务). “Ordering food became an exciting event as a cute robot arrived at my door with my meal,” said Reznikova. After placing an order, the restaurant staff（工作人员) would take the food from the delivery man and put it into the robot’s “belly”. After the room number is entered, the robot would make its way to the elevator (电梯) and ride up to the correct room. “Hotel guests could receive their meals without any direct contact,” she said. “This service saves delivery people time. And it is a lot safer because guests don’t have to meet anyone,” Reznikova said. She also enjoyed the robot’s friendly words like, “Hello! Your meal has arrived!” She thought it was funny. The robot made her stay more enjoyable. Reznikova also experienced augmented reality (AR,增强现实) at the Chimelong Safari Park (长隆野生动物世界) in Guangzhou. There, she used the “Chimelong AR Zoo” on her phone. “The app uses AR to change how visitors interact with (互动) the park’s wildlife,” she said. Using the app, she could see virtual（虚拟) animals lead the way in front of her. “It was interesting. The app made sure I didn’t miss any of the park’s highlights,” Reznikova said. As she walked through the park, the app showed fun facts about each animal she met. “I felt a sense of futuristic comfort (未来主义舒适感) during my travels in China,” Reznikova said. 1．How did Reznikova learned the visa-free transit policy of China? A．By reading newspapers. B．From a friend on the phone. C．By watching videos on the internet. 2．What did Reznikova think of the robots’ serving in the restaurant? A．Friendly, funny and safe. B．Cute, friendly and virtual. C．Friendly, funny and scary. 3．What is “Chimelong AR Zoo” in Paragraph 7? A．A robot in Chimelong Safari Park. B．An app to help the visitors to see virtual animals. C．A kind of animals in the park. 4．In which section of a newspaper can we probably read the passage? A．China Travel. B．Fantastic Wildlife. C．Famous People. 真题实战 （一） （2025·山东菏泽·中考） In the fall of 2022, my husband got a chance to spend three years in Nanjing teaching international law. When we got to China, I began to study Chinese. It was really hard for me to speak putonghua. For me, it wasn’t the grammar. “I want to buy this book” is pretty straightforward: “我想买这本书”. And I could memorize lots of Chinese characters (hanzi). However, many words sound alike but mean something different. Take the sound “jiàn” for example, it always leaves me guessing-the warship (舰) or the arrow (箭), to meet (见) or to build (建)? Then, somewhere along the way, I started talking to people around me in Chinese. I tried to communicate with the women in the markets about how to cook vegetables. Sometimes I talked to taxi drivers about the songs on the radio. Gradually I could listen to songs and understand the lyrics without looking them up. I finally reached the point where I could enjoy living in China without using a dictionary. Now, as our year is up and we pack up to leave, I'm finding my Chinese has improved. I search Baidu maps in Chinese, keep my mobile phone Contacts in Chinese, and send WeChat messages to Chinese friends in Chinese. But mostly, I don’t worry about my performance anymore and enjoy every experience to speak Chinese. Every language is different. For me, finally, I’ve learned that the key to learning Chinese is to enjoy living in China. 1．When did the writer start to learn Chinese? A．In 2022. B．In 2023. C．In 2024. 2．Why does the writer take the sound “jiàn” for example? A．To compare different meanings of the same word. B．To encourage foreigners to memorize Chinese characters. C．To show many words sound alike but have different meanings. 3．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．No rules, no order. B．Practice makes perfect. C．The written word remains. 4．What is the secret to Chinese learning for the writer? A．Enjoying living in China. B．Using mobile phones more. C．Studying the grammar hard. （二） （2025·山东滨州·中考） What will you do if your classmate suddenly gets into danger on your way to an important exam? Recently, a 17-year-old student from Shandong has shown us a perfect answer with his kind act. In May, 2025, while the student was rushing into his important exam, his classmate suddenly had a heart problem and fell down next to him. The student used CPR (心肺复苏) skills he learned at school to save his classmate right away. With the driver’s help, he sent his classmate to the hospital in just seven minutes—half the usual time. Thanks to their teamwork, his classmate was out of danger. However, the student was already too late for the exam, and he missed it. This story quickly spread online and touched millions of people deeply. Many people spoke highly of the student as a hero. The education department (部门) also admired him for his courage and allowed him to take a make-up exam (补考). It shows that education is not just about grades but also developing a good character and a sense of responsibility (责任). The student missed the exam, but he didn’t regret his decision. When he was asked about the exam, he said, “Exams can be retaken, but life cannot.” This story isn’t just about the student’s kindness, it also tells us the true meaning of education. As one expert said, “Exams test knowledge, while the young man’s choice tested his character, and he scored perfectly.” 1．What did the student do on his way to the important exam? A．He got a prize. B．He learned CPR skills. C．He saved a driver. D．He saved his classmate. 2．Which of the following is the right order of the story? a. The student saved his classmate. b. The student was allowed to take a make-up exam. c. Many people spoke highly of the student for his act. d. The student’s classmate had a heart problem and fell down. A．a→c→d→b B．b→c→d→a C．d→a→c→b D．d→b→a→c 3．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 imply (暗示)? A．The student hoped he could save more people’s lives. B．The student regretted he didn’t take the exam on time. C．The student hoped he could get high scores in the exam. D．The student thought life was more valuable than an exam. 4．Which of the following words could best describe the student? A．Kind and brave. B．Lovely and humorous. C．Honest and clever. D．Outgoing and hard-working. 5．What can we learn from the story? A．Knowledge comes from questioning. B．Helping others is a very valuable lesson in life. C．Friends should bring out the best in each other. D．Live every moment and be thankful for what you have. （三） （2025·山东聊城·中考） Lan Huiyun is a geography teacher from Shuozhou, Shanxi Province. After his students finished the gaokao of 2024, he and 13 of his students experienced a special journey. He and his students finally reached Qinghai Lake in Qinghai Province after riding about 2,000 kilometres in 18 days. They set off from their school. And before arriving in Qinghai, they passed through Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia and Gansu. In early May 2024, Lan began to plan this journey. In order to make sure of the students’ safety, Lan helped them do some training in riding. However, they also faced many difficulties on the journey. “When I noticed the students were tired or felt down, I would give them some snacks or tell them a joke to encourage them to move forward,” he said. “Luckily, all of us persisted (坚持) and finally reached Qinghai Lake.” In fact, it was not the first time that Lan had organized such a journey for his students after the gaokao. In 2016, he and his 7 students rode from Shuozhou to Manzhouli. And in 2019, he and his 11 students spent 16 days riding from Shuozhou to Shanghai. Through the trips, Lan hopes the students will experience real life and learn how to deal with difficulties. “I have never thought that a teacher should only teach through books,” he said, “I’d like to bring more students to ride in the future.” 1．How did Lan Huiyun and his students reach Qinghai Lake? A．By bus. B．By bike. C．By train. D．By plane. 2．How long did the journey to Qinghai Lake take? A．11 days. B．13 days. C．16 days. D．18 days. 3．What did Lan Huiyun do on the journey in 2024? A．He planned the next journey. B．He helped the students do some training. C．He gave the students some water to drink. D．He encouraged the students to move forward. 4．What’s the correct order of the following things? ①Lan and his students got to Shanghai. ②Lan and his students arrived in Manzhouli. ③Lan and his students reached Qinghai Lake. ④Lan began to plan the journey to Qinghai Lake. A．①③②④ B．③④①② C．②①④③ D．④③①② 5．What’s the best title (题目) for this passage? A．A special journey B．The advantages of riding C．How to deal with difficulties D．An experience before the gaokao （四） （2025·山东临沂·中考） Have you ever heard of a foreign teacher from Bristol, UK? He is working very hard to achieve his Chinese dream. His name is James. He has been a teacher at Hunan University of Arts and Science for eight years. His students love him and call him a “legendary” foreign teacher. Since he was a little child, he felt like he had a feeling of friendship with China. Now, he spends a lot of time doing charity (慈善) work. And he has always worked wholeheartedly for the people. He cares about the veterans (退伍军人) who fought in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931–1945). He has been volunteering at a local aid center in Changde, Hunan province for those veterans for over six years. He often travels to many small villages to visit the veterans with other volunteers. “Charity is our duty,” says James. “We shouldn’t forget these veterans. Everyone should care for them.” James also helps poor students by supporting their education. He believes every student should have a chance to learn. Because of his effort, in September 2014, James won Hunan’s Seventh Xiaoxiang Friendship Award (奖). This award is given to foreigners who help make Hunan a better place by the People’s Government of Hunan province. Now James is trying to get a Chinese green card. He wants to stay in China forever. “Some people think being successful means having enough money,” he says. “But my dream is to help more people in need.” He hopes to become part of Chinese society and take real action to achieve his Chinese dream step by step. 1．How long has James been a teacher in China? A．For over six years. B．For eight years. C．Since he was a child. 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．James’ effort for the veterans. B．James’ love for traveling in China. C．James’ experience of learning Chinese history. 3．Why did James win the Xiaoxiang Friendship Award? A．For his Chinese learning well. B．For his charity work in Hunan province. C．For his wonderful teaching skills in Hunan province. 4．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．James’ travel experiences in China. B．James’ teaching experiences in China. C．James’ Chinese dream of helping others. （五） （2025·山东日照·中考） Last summer, my brother, Juan, and I were staying at our grandfather’s house in Mexico. When he was young, our grandfather was an explorer. One day, we were looking at his books and we found an old map hidden between the pages of a book called Animals of Mexico. On the map there were directions to a secret place, deep in the forest. Juan wanted to follow the map. “Perhaps we’ll find some treasure!” he said excitedly. We set off early the next morning. The marks on the map took us deeper and deeper into the forest. The tall trees blocked the sunlight, so it was very dark. Suddenly, we heard a deep loud noise. From the dark corner came out a huge, wild, spotted cat. “It’s a jaguar (美洲豹),” I breathed as quietly as I could. Juan froze with fear. My heart was beating really fast, but I calmly looked the jaguar straight in the eyes and tried not to show how scared I was. “Back away, slowly,” I said to Juan in a low voice. We walked backwards, very, very slowly. The jaguar took one last look at us, then turned and disappeared back into the darkness. Juan’s hands were shaking as he looked again at the map. “We’re here!” he said. “This is Grandpa’s secret place.” As we turned around, we saw a small, wooden cabin (木屋). We nervously opened the door and went inside. On the walls, there were photos of beautiful jaguars, like the one we had seen. Still shaking like a leaf after our adventure, we began to realize that we had, in fact, found a treasure—a place where jaguars live in the wild. 1．What did the brothers decide to do after they got the map? A．To visit the cabin. B．To look for treasure. C．To check the marks. D．To travel around Mexico. 2．What did the brothers do when they saw the jaguar? A．They shouted excitedly. B．They tried to stay calm. C．They backed away quickly. D．They hid themselves in the dark. 3．Why did the grandfather most likely hide the map? A．To protect the jaguars’ secret home. B．To test his grandchildren’s bravery. C．To keep his photos in the cabin safe. D．To remember his exploring experiences. 4．Which of the following can best describe the brothers’ trip? A．Tiring but educational. B．Funny and relaxing. C．Dangerous but exciting. D．Challenging and painful. （六） （2025·山东泰安·中考） When Paul Jackson was a boy, he lived near an old copper smelter (冶炼厂) which polluted the environment seriously. A beautiful forest nearby was made into a wasteland. He vowed (发誓) that someday he would make the land green again. While at college, he chose botany (植物学). He met a professor who was an expert in ecology (生态学). He told Paul it would take about twenty thousand years to make that wasteland green again. Then Paul got married and had some kids. But his dream would not die. He kept thinking about it. One night he took some action. He sneaked out into the wasteland with a backpack full of seedlings and started planting. For seven hours, he planted the seedlings. Every week, he made his secret journey and did the same job, but most of them died. For fifteen years he did this. Once, when all his young trees burned to the ground because of a careless sheepherder, Paul broke down and cried. Then he got up and kept planting. Freezing winds and terrible heat, landslides and floods and fires destroyed (毁坏) his work time and time again. However, he kept planting. Very slowly, amazing things began to take place. Now the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees, grass and bushes. Many kinds of wildlife live here. Paul received many environmental awards. His hair turned white, but he managed to keep that impossible vow he made to himself as a child. Just keep working, no matter who criticizes you, no matter how long it takes, no matter how many times you fall. 1．What did Paul Jackson vow when he was a boy? A．To work at the copper smelter. B．To make the wasteland green again. C．To win an environmental award. D．To study the wildlife in the forest. 2．Which can best explain the underlined phrase “sneaked out” in Paragraph 3? A．Ran outside excitedly and rapidly. B．Invited others to go out together. C．Walked out quickly and noisily. D．Left secretly to avoid being noticed. 3．How did Paul react (反应) when his young trees burned to the ground? A．He gave up planting from then on. B．He built a wall to protect them. C．He cried but continued planting. D．He decided to plant different kinds of trees. 4．What was the result of Paul’s long-term efforts? A．The wildlife all disappeared from the area. B．Paul became famous and moved to a big city. C．The area was turned into 14,000 acres of green land. D．All the trees he planted were destroyed by earthquakes. （七） （2025·山东济宁·中考） Jimmy Carter is a 10-year-old boy who has visited many places around the world. But unlike most travelers, Jimmy “sees” these places from his mother’s back. Born with blindness and disability, Jimmy depends completely on his mother Anna and needs round-the-clock care. Jimmy has a wheelchair, but they have never enjoyed using it. Every day, Anna carries Jimmy on her shoulders and helps him walk a short way with support. Together, they have traveled to many countries, visiting museums and taking wonderful photos to share happy moments. Before each trip, Anna makes a plan and calls the travel companies to make sure they understand the situation. She always wakes up early to prepare meals, help Jimmy get dressed, and take care of all his needs. It is difficult, but she has made up her mind to give her son the best life she can provide. When not traveling, they enjoy simple pleasures at home. They often ride a special bike together through their neighborhood, meeting their friendly neighbors. Over time, these neighbors often praise Anna for her courage and care toward her son. Anna still remembers how her heart “broke” when she learned her son was blind for life. It took years to overcome those feelings of hurt. “Being a mom, my life is different,” she says, “but I will never stop being there for Jimmy because he makes my life meaningful.” 1．What does the underlined word “round-the-clock” mean? A．step by step B．sooner or later C．from time to time D．all day and night 2．How does Jimmy “see” the world during his travels? A．On a special bike. B．On his mother’s shoulders. C．By using a wheelchair. D．With his neighbors’ help. 3．How does Jimmy spend time at home? A．Meeting his neighbors. B．Learning how to cook meals. C．Watching movies with his mother. D．Practicing how to use his wheelchair. 4．What is the main idea of the story? A．Traveling requires a careful plan. B．neighborhood support is important. C．A mother’s love can overcome difficulties. D．Blindness can prevent people from being happy. （八） （2025·山东潍坊·中考） During the 2021 Shanghai Fashion Week, a young, slim and confident model with an iron leg drew everyone’s attention. Her name was Niu Yu. She lost her right leg in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. She was only 11 years old then. Niu Yu used to be in the school sports team. She loved running. But the disaster broke her dream. She had to live with an artificial leg. It wasn’t comfortable, and her leg often bled. People’s curious eyes made her even more uncomfortable. She always tried to hide her leg under jeans or dresses. With the support of her family and friends, Niu Yu slowly came out from the shadows. In 2018, right before her 21st birthday, she decided not to hide her leg any longer. To her surprise, she received lots of encouraging words. She also finished a half marathon in about 4 hours. She completed the hard 10-year journey of finding herself again. Now Niu Yu puts her experiences on social media (媒体). She listens to disaster survivors and encourages them to look forward. In 2023, she carried the torch (火炬) at the FISU World University Games. “It is a great honour for me,” she said. “But it is also a good chance to show people the power of being brave.” A disaster can bring wounds and pain. But we should always face them with courage. As the writer Nora Ephron once said, “Above all, be the hero of your life, not the victim (受害者).” 1．Why did Niu Yu try to hide her leg? A．It often bled. B．It was uncomfortable. C．She wanted to be a model. D．She tried to avoid the strange eyes. 2．What’s Niu Yu’s purpose of putting her experiences on social media? A．To become a famous star. B．To get support from others. C．To cheer up people in trouble. D．To win the hearts of more fans. 3．Which is the right order of the facts about Niu Yu according to time? ① She performed in Shanghai Fashion Week. ② She lost her right leg. ③ She finished a half marathon. ④ She carried the torch at the FISU World University Games. A．②①④③ B．②③①④ C．③④①② D．③②④① 4．What can we learn from Niu Yu? A．Face difficulties bravely. B．Life can’t go without heroes. C．Protect yourself before disasters. D．Friendship is necessary to everyone. 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解之记叙文 内●容●导●航 第一部分 题型解码 高屋建瓴，掌握全局 题型概述 考向分类 技巧点拨 第二部分 考向突破 微观解剖，精细教学 考向01 细节理解题 考向02 主旨大意及最佳标题 考点03 推理判断题 考点04 猜测词义及指代关系题 第三部分 题型训练 整合应用，模拟实战 题●型●解●码 题型概述 近两年山东中考英语阅读理解中，记叙文是核心考查题型之一，占阅读总分约25%左右，题量1-2篇、6-10题，分值每题2分。选材贴近初中学生生活与学习实际，人物故事类的阅读理解是中考英语的常考材料之一。这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查考生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。 考向分类 1.细节理解题：最基础高频，考查对具体信息的捕捉，如时间、地点、人物行为等。占比 约40%，题干给出信息，学生文中定位作答。 2.推理判断：要求依据文本合理推断作者意图、情感态度、文章启示等，考查逻辑思维。约 占30%，从故事结局推人物性格等，选项迷惑性强。 3. 主旨大意/标题归纳题：考查概括中心思想、选择标题、判断段落大意，检验综合归纳能 力。比重约20%，概括内容或选标题，需把握整体脉络。 4.词义、代词猜测：通过语境、构词法猜测生词含义。占比约10%。 技巧点拨 1. 细节理解题 ☆考察方面：学生对相关信息的识别能力，答案一般可在原文定位到。 ☆答题事项：应迅速找到并且定位到考点，不可望文生义和主观臆断。 干扰选项：一般与文中观点相反，不符，未涉及，特征是无中生有，张冠李戴，以偏概全，扩大内容。 解题技巧： 通读短文,领会文章大意,理解文章结构层次及细节,特别注意： 1. 五个W （who , which , when , where , what ）和一个H （ how ） ; 2. 数字、日期、时间等; 3. 注意加强语气的词，运用排除法排除不符合原文细节的选项，剩下的就是最佳答案。 2.词句猜测题 此题要求考生正确理解短文中的一些关键词语或句子的含义，常用的方法是多种表达法、一词多义法、同义近义或反义提示法、习语释文法及句型转换法等。 解题技巧： 1. 正确理解题意,从短文中找到相关的词、短语或句子，根据特定的语境来判断理解，推敲斟酌和最后确定其准确含义。 2. 根据上下文猜测词义的技巧： （1）注意定义和解释; （2）同义词或近义词的提示; （3）近义词和反义词的提示; （4）利用悬念的属种关系; （5）借助已有知识或生活常识。 3. 推理判断题(不要自行推理+过度推理) ☆考察方面：透过文章的信息进入深刻的分析，归纳和推断得解。 ☆答题事项：应迅速找到并且定位到考点，不可望文生义和主观臆断。 解题技巧： 1. 分析文章的主旨。 2. 分清文章的主要思想及次要思想。 3. 寻找文章的逻辑思路。 4. 核对问题中各项选择与文章中有关词句的联系。 4. 主旨大意题(Best title) ☆考察方面：学生对文章主旨的驾驭能力，答案一般需要合理的归纳和总结得到。 ☆答题事项：通过略读来快速把握文章的中心，阅读时视域要宽，紧抓对主题句搜索，按意群进行阅读，避免阅读中的出声，指读，复视或停顿。 考●向●突●破 考向01 细节理解题 【2025·济南·中考】Grandpa became blind when he was 20 years old, but it never slowed down the strong-willed (坚强的) man. He worked in a shop every day. Customers would give him money, and he would return the right change and give them exactly what they wanted. He had many friends who visited the shop just to talk to him, and at that time, I helped to hand customers their drinks and snacks. This made me feel grown-up. ...... It seemed like every time I stayed with him, we would visit someone in the evening who was weak or very sick. Although he can’t see things, he never let it stop him from working and being kind to others. His love for people never ended. 7．Which of the following best describes Grandpa? A．Active but shy. B．Strong-willed and caring. C．Kind but strict. D．Warm-hearted and humorous. 【答案】B 【解析】本文主要介绍作者童年时与失明但坚强的祖父共度的时光以及从中获得的感悟。 7. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Grandpa became blind when he was 20 years old, but it never slowed down the strong-willed man.”和第四段“he never let it stop him from working and being kind to others”可知，爷爷是一个坚强且体贴的人。故选B。 【2025·青岛·中考】For Chen Sheng, a young man in Meitan, Guizhou province, caring for the elderly (年老的) is more than a job—it’s a calling in his heart. Chen Sheng was raised by his grandparents, and his dream was to take care of more elderly people. After graduating in 2017 with a degree in healthcare, Chen Sheng completed eight months of training in a local hospital and started to work in a nursing home. 16. What made Chen Sheng want to work in the nursing home? A．His growth experience. B．His grandparents’ words. C．His educational background. D．His training in the hospital. 【答案】A 【解析】本文主要介绍了陈胜因个人成长经历选择从事养老护理工作，他在工作中尽心尽力照顾老人，不仅提供医疗护理还给予情感支持，同时带动更多年轻人加入养老护理行业。 16．细节理解题。根据“Chen Sheng was raised by his grandparents, and his dream was to take care of more elderly people”可知，他由祖父母抚养长大，这段成长经历促使他立志从事养老工作。故选A。 【2025·枣庄·中考】From an early age, I began to like Chinese culture a lot. When there was a chance to study in Beijing as an exchange student, I took it at once. In my first 24 hours in Beijing, I felt very nervous. I didn’t see one foreigner. But on my first day of school, I was greeted by many foreign faces. The students came from all over the world. I would be in a class with Chelsea from Norway and Charlie from my motherland — the UK. 11. According to the passage, why did the writer go to Beijing? A．To see more foreigners in Beijing. B．To visit a good Chinese friend in Beijing. C．To eat delicious Chinese food in Beijing. D．To study in Beijing as an exchange student. 【答案】D 【解析】本文讲述了作者作为交换生在北京的学习和生活经历。 11．细节理解题。根据“When there was a chance to study in Beijing as an exchange student, I took it at once.”可知，作者是作为交换生去北京学习的。故选D。 考向02 主旨大意及最佳标题 【2025·青岛·中考】As the needs for elderly care continue to grow, more and more young people, including those born after 2000, have come to work in the nursing home. They are making every effort to take good care of the elderly and make them live a happy life. 20. What is the main purpose of this text? A．To improve medical conditions for the elderly. B．To develop the interests and hobbies of the elderly. C．To call on more young people to care for the elderly. D．To introduce the elderly people’s life in the nursing home. 【答案】C 【解析】本文主要介绍了陈胜因个人成长经历选择从事养老护理工作，他在工作中尽心尽力照顾老人，不仅提供医疗护理还给予情感支持，同时带动更多年轻人加入养老护理行业。 20．主旨大意题。根据“As the needs for elderly care continue to grow, more and more young people, including those born after 2000, have come to work in the nursing home. They are making every effort to take good care of the elderly and make them live a happy life.”可知随着养老需求的不断增长，越来越多的年轻人，包括00后，都来到养老院工作，他们尽心尽力照顾老人，让老人过上幸福的生活，因此文章的主要目的是呼吁更多的年轻人来照顾老人。故选C。 【2025·东营·中考】Once there was a beautiful big red wagon in the window of a toy store. Billy and George often came to the store window to look at the toys. Among them, the boys liked the red wagon best. “I have got many toys, but I wish I had that wagon,” said Billy. “I could use it for so many things.” ...... There was the big red wagon! It had a card on it, but this one did not say SOLD．It said, “Happy Birthday to a good helper who needs a red wagon.” 20. What’s the best title of the story? A．A red wagon B．A nice wish C．Billy and George D．The wise parents 【答案】A 【解析】本文主要围绕Billy对红色手推车的渴望以及最终得到它的故事展开。 21. 最佳标题题。文章主要围绕Billy对红色手推车的渴望以及最终得到它的故事展开，所以最合适的标题是“A red wagon”。故选A。 【2025·烟台·中考】 Upon leaving the army, Robinson played baseball in a black league team, where he drew the attention of the general manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers, Branch Rickey. Robinson’s talents on the field, his honesty, and his caring for family all satisfied Rickey. In 1947, Robinson joined the Brooklyn Dodgers, becoming the first black player in the major leagues and breaking the 63-year-old “color line”. He achieved quick success on the field and became the National League’s Most Valuable Player in 1949. From 1947 through 1956, he led the Dodgers to six league championships and one World Series victory. 9. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A．Robinson’s baseball team. B．Robinson’s baseball experiences. C．Robinson’s baseball talents. D．Robinson’s friendship with Rickey. 【答案】B 【解析】本文主要讲述了美国职业棒球大联盟首位黑人球员Jackie Robinson的生平事迹，包括他在军队的经历、棒球职业生涯的成就以及退役后为人权事业所做的贡献。 9. 主旨大意题。根据“Upon leaving the army, Robinson played baseball in a black league team, where he drew the attention of the general manager...”以及全段段可知，第三段主要讲述了Robinson的棒球职业生涯经历和成就。故选B。 考向03 推理判断题 【2025·济南·中考】 Grandpa became blind when he was 20 years old, but it never slowed down the strong-willed (坚强的) man. He worked in a shop every day. Customers would give him money, and he would return the right change and give them exactly what they wanted. He had many friends who visited the shop just to talk to him, and at that time, I helped to hand customers their drinks and snacks. This made me feel grown-up. He also cooked lunch and washed dishes while Grandma worked. As a boy, I would watch him move around the house from room to room as if he could see. I was so surprised about how he moved from cooking to washing the dishes, never making a mistake. 6. What can we learn about Grandpa? A．He had few friends. B．He lived like a normal person. C．He had many hobbies. D．He became blind at 25 years old. 【答案】B 【解析】本文主要介绍作者童年时与失明但坚强的祖父共度的时光以及从中获得的感悟。 6．推理判断题。根据第二和第三两段内容可知，爷爷虽然失明了，但是像正常人一样生活。故选B。 【2025·青岛·中考】 Besides medical care, Chen Sheng also gives emotional (情感的) support. He always offers comfort in time when a grandpa or a grandma is upset. Grandma Sun likes to talk with Chen Sheng every day and always shares the things she considers valuable. Grandma Sun feels warm and happy because of Chen Sheng. Her family thanks him for his patience and great love. 19．Which of the following can best describe Chen Sheng? A．Honest and confident. B．Brave and selfless. C．Outgoing and humorous. D．Warm-hearted and patient. 【答案】D 【解析】本文主要介绍了一位用户在论坛上寻求历史书籍推荐，以及另一位用户推荐《智人：人类简史》并对其内容进行简要评价的过程。 19. 推理判断题。根据“He always offers comfort in time when a grandpa or a grandma is upset”以及“Her family thanks him for his patience and great love.”可知陈胜在老人们情绪低落时总是及时给予安慰，而且他的耐心和关爱也得到了老人家属的感谢，因此可以看出陈胜是一个热心且有耐心的人。故选D。 【2025·东营·中考】 Katie and her friends, Pedro and JoJo, took a trip to the beach with their families. “Let’s do everything together! We’ll have so much fun!” said Katie. “Let’s build the biggest sand castle (城堡) in the world!” shouted Pedro. “That’s not fun!” JoJo said. “But I think it is,” replied Katie. “Let’s start. You two carry the water to me. I will build the castle.” When the castle was finished, it wasn’t big and kept falling down. “What a bad castle!” Katie moaned (抱怨). ...... “I’m sorry!” said Katie. “I won’t be a meanie anymore. Is it okay if I share the sea with you?” “Yes!” said her friends. And there was full of laughter in the sea. 25. What can we learn from the story? A．The same interests bring laughter. B．A true friend touches your heart. C．Life is fun with sharing and caring. D．Working together makes perfect. 【答案】C 【解析】本文讲述了Katie一开始很自私，不和朋友分享东西，后来意识到错误并改正，最后和朋友们一起开心玩耍的故事。 25. 推理判断题。文章讲述了Katie一开始很自私，不和朋友分享东西，后来意识到错误并改正，最后和朋友们一起开心玩耍的故事，从中我们可以学到生活中分享和关爱会带来乐趣。故选C。 考向04 猜测词义及指代关系题 【2025·青岛·中考】 Besides medical care, Chen Sheng also gives emotional (情感的) support. He always offers comfort in time when a grandpa or a grandma is upset. Grandma Sun likes to talk with Chen Sheng every day and always shares the things she considers valuable. Grandma Sun feels warm and happy because of Chen Sheng. Her family thanks him for his patience and great love. 17．What does the underlined word “quit” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Hang out. B．Give up. C．Talk back. D．Calm down. 【答案】B 【解析】本文主要介绍了陈胜因个人成长经历选择从事养老护理工作，他在工作中尽心尽力照顾老人，不仅提供医疗护理还给予情感支持，同时带动更多年轻人加入养老护理行业。 17. 词义猜测题。根据“He wanted to quit at first, but after a period, the warmth and trust he received from the elderly changed his mind.”可知他起初想放弃，但后来老人们给予的温暖和信任改变了他的想法，因此“quit”在此处意为“放弃”。故选B。 【2025·济宁·中考】 Jimmy Carter is a 10-year-old boy who has visited many places around the world. But unlike most travelers, Jimmy “sees” these places from his mother’s back. Born with blindness and disability, Jimmy depends completely on his mother Anna and needs round-the-clock care. 8. What does the underlined word “round-the-clock” mean? A．step by step B．sooner or later C．from time to time D．all day and night 【答案】D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位母亲安娜不辞辛苦地照顾失明的儿子吉米，并带他旅行，用爱克服困难的故事。 8. 词句猜测题。根据“Jimmy depends completely on his mother Anna and needs round-the-clock care.”可知，吉米完全依赖妈妈，需要持续不断的照顾，故round-the-clock意为“all day and night”，即“全天候”。故选D。 【2025·泰安·中考】 Then Paul got married and had some kids. But his dream would not die. He kept thinking about it. One night he took some action. He sneaked out into the wasteland with a backpack full of seedlings and started planting. For seven hours, he planted the seedlings. Every week, he made his secret journey and did the same job, but most of them died. For fifteen years he did this. 37．Which can best explain the underlined phrase “sneaked out” in Paragraph 3? A．Ran outside excitedly and rapidly. B．Invited others to go out together. C．Walked out quickly and noisily. D．Left secretly to avoid being noticed. 【答案】B 【解析】本文主要介绍保罗幼年目睹家乡因铜冶炼厂污染沦为荒地，立誓要让土地重披绿装。他坚持十五年，荒原终成一万四千英亩的树林、草地和灌木丛，孕育丰富野生动植物群落。他以白发换青葱，践行童稚誓言，诠释了“永不言弃”的环保精神。 37. 词句猜测题。根据“Every week, he made his secret journey and did the same job”可知，每周，他都会进行这样的秘密行动，所以是偷偷进行的，所以sneaked out应该是“偷偷溜走”的意思，故选D。 题●型●训●练 基础过关 （一） （2025·山东泰安·三模） Wang Zizhong, a 78-year-old farmer from Ciyu village in Shandong, has devoted the past 42 years of his life to greening mountains and protecting forests with his family. In 1983, Wang Zizhong saw the poor hills to the north of Ciyu and started thinking about planting trees on them. The serious soil erosion (土壤侵蚀) on the mountains had greatly influenced the lives of the villagers. He left his job as a teacher, rented the land from the local government and took on the task of greening the poor hills. He led his family up the mountains and began the arduous journey of planting trees. At that time, he and his wife left their two teenage sons in the cave while the couple dug holes for the trees. There were no roads, so Wang had to carry tree seedlings and water on his shoulder and walk kilometers to the mountains. The water he carried each time could only water seven or eight trees. So he had to make many trips every day. The family would stay on the mountains for over a month at a time. They slept in the cave, ate pancakes and drank mountain stream water. In 1997, Wang’s wife passed away suddenly from a heart attack while she was on the mountains. However, Wang didn’t give up. He continued to live and work on the mountains, planting trees. As Wang grew older, he passed on the task of forest protection to his son. Influenced by his father, Wang Tao took over the job and worked hard every day to carry on the family’s work. Over 42 years, the Wang family has planted over 200,000 trees, covering more than 133 hectares. Their efforts have turned the poor mountains into green forests, leaving a “green treasure” for future and showing that the idea of green development is increasingly taking root in people’s hearts. 1．Why did Wang Zizhong decide to plant trees? A．He wanted to improve local life. B．He hoped to make more money. C．It was a good way to keep himself busy. D．The government called on people to do so. 2．What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Educational. B．Difficult. C．Interesting. D．Boring. 3．What did Wang Zizhong do after his wife’s death? A．He greened the hills as usual. B．He suffered from a serious disease. C．He chose to stay on the mountains alone. D．He let his son continue his work at once. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The harm of soil erosion to a village. B．A villager’s teaching career and later life. C．The road to forest protection in Ciyu village. D．A family’s long-term efforts to green mountains. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文讲述了山东慈峪村78岁农民王子忠，42年来带领家人绿化荒山、保护森林的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“The serious soil erosion (土壤侵蚀) on the mountains had greatly influenced the lives of the villagers. He left his job... and took on the task of greening the poor hills.”可知，说明王子忠种树是为改善当地因土壤侵蚀影响的生活。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“no roads, carry tree seedlings and water... make many trips every day”可知，种树过程很艰难。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Wang didn’t give up. He continued to live and work on the mountains, planting trees.”可知，即妻子去世后他继续像往常一样绿化荒山。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读原文可知，文章围绕王子忠一家42年绿化荒山、保护森林的长期努力展开。故选D。 （二） （2025·山东青岛·三模） For Li Donglin, an 18-year-old senior school student, this past summer was all about cultural relic sites (文物遗址). He joined a cultural relies census (审查) team to have a deep understanding of the sites. Li’s love for cultural relies began at an early age. Since childhood, he has enjoyed collecting things and now has over 100 cultural artifacts (文物). Besides collecting, he has also restored (修复) more than 200 artifacts, improving this skill a lot. Although he has strong connection with ancient artifacts, it was his first time to take part in this job. The work turned out to be quite challenging. Setting up boundaries (边界) and sizing areas were their main tasks. To describe the ancient village sites better, the team had to walk a long way to work out the boundaries. In the hot summer sun, Li often walked up to 30,000 steps a day through corn fields. _________ “After digging, we examined some earth to find the sign of cultural relies,” Li said. “This step is the key to making sure we get the boundaries right and avoid missing any relies.” Then, the team used special tools to work out the site’s total area. “It is hard work, but being able to describe each site more exactly so that all sites receive the most protection makes us very happy.” Li said. Looking ahead, Li wants to study cultural relies and archaeology (考古学) in college. “I hope I can help with the archaeological work in my hometown,” Li said. 1．Which of the following can be put in ________? A．But he never gave up his tasks. B．Though feeling tired, he was happy. C．Based on the walks, he knew the boundaries. D．During these walks, he also did some digging. 2．Li and his team ________ for their census work. ①restored the artifacts    ②did some digging    ③sized the sites ④studied the earth    ⑤collected the artifacts A．①②③ B．③④⑤ C．②③④ D．②④⑥ 3．From the last two paragraphs, we can know that ________. A．Li takes much pride in his work B．Li’s daily life is hard but interesting C．Li wants to find a job in his hometown D．Li hopes to join more census teams 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Digging to the College B．Surveying the Ancient Past C．Dreaming of the Future D．Discovering the New Life 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了18岁高中生李东林参与文物遗址普查工作的经历，包括他对文物的热爱、普查工作的挑战以及未来的职业规划。 1．推理判断题。根据“Setting up boundaries (边界) and sizing areas were their main tasks…In the hot summer sun, Li often walked up to 30,000 steps a day through corn fields.”以及“After digging, we examined some earth to find the sign of cultural relies”可知，李东林在行走过程中还进行了挖掘工作。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“sizing areas”；“After digging…examined some earth…”可知，李和他的团队进行了挖掘、测量和研究土壤。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“…makes us very happy”以及“I hope I can help with the archaeological work in my hometown”可知，李对工作充满自豪感并希望为家乡考古做贡献。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕李东林参与文物遗址普查展开，重点描述调查古代遗址的过程和意义。故选B。 （三） （2025·山东青岛·三模） When his ship was destroyed in a storm, Gulliver was washed up on the island of Lilliput. All of the people, animals and things in that country were tiny. The average (平均) Lilliputian stood only six inches (英尺) tall—so to them, Gulliver was a giant (巨人)! He soon made friends with the Emperor of Lilliput and the emperor’s family. They made sure that their guest was well taken care of! Each day, he was served with good meals. Gulliver repaid the Lilliputians’ kindness by doing jobs for them. He could plough (耕) a field with his comb (梳子), lift rocks without difficulty and construct stone houses as if he was playing with toy blocks. The only problem for Gulliver was getting a good night’s sleep! He had a quilt that was made of many Lilliputian blankets (毯子), and it was very comfortable. But his bed was made from lots of tiny beds tied together—and it was terribly uncomfortable! He couldn’t sleep well. After too many sleepless nights, Gulliver had an idea. He made a plan on the largest piece of paper he could find. The emperor and empress looked at it, nodded, and began giving orders to their people. People in Lilliput tried their best to help to make his “invention”. After many days, Gulliver’s invention was ready, and all the tiny people gathered to see it. The thing was about two metres long, and it looked like a strange floppy (耷拉的) balloon. The crowd watched as Gulliver picked it up and began blowing into it through a tiny valve (阀门) in the side. It started to puff up (膨胀) as he filled it with lungfuls of (一大口) air. At last, it was full, and he plugged (堵，塞) the valve with a cork (塞子). The object looked like a huge rectangular (矩形) cake as it sat on the ground! Gulliver lay down on it with a sigh of (短暂的) satisfaction and pulled the patchwork (拼缝的) quilt up to his chin (下巴). His new air mattress (床垫) was much more comfortable than dozens of (几十个) little beds joined together. It was like sleeping on a cloud! He fell asleep as the crowd quietly go back home. —Adapted from Gulliver’s Travels 1．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “construct” in paragraph 3? A．Build. B．Paint. C．Clean. D．Draw. 2．Why did Gulliver decide to make his “invention”? A．He was ordered by the emperor to do so. B．All the tiny people gathered to see him. C．He needed a comfortable bed to have a good sleep. D．The tiny people gave him lots of tiny beds to tie together. 3．Which of the following best describes Gulliver? A．funny and kind B．helpful and skillful C．pleasant and humorous D．brave and hardworking 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，改编自《格列佛游记》，主要讲述了格列佛在船只遇难后流落到小人国Lilliput的经历，小人国的居民平均身高仅六英寸，因此格列佛在他们眼中是巨人，他与皇帝一家成为朋友，并用自己的能力帮助小人国居民劳作，但由于小人国的床太小，格列佛无法安睡，最终发明了一个充气床垫解决了问题。 1．词句猜测题。根据“He could plough (耕) a field with his comb (梳子), lift rocks without difficulty and construct stone houses as if he was playing with toy blocks.”可知，此处指格列佛像玩积木一样轻松地建造石头房子，所以划线部分的含义是“建造”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The only problem for Gulliver was getting a good night’s sleep!…it was terribly uncomfortable. He couldn’t sleep well.”以及“His new air mattress (床垫) was much more comfortable”可知，格列佛决定发明的原因是他需要一张舒服的床睡觉，小人国的小床睡得不舒服。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Gulliver repaid the Lilliputians’ kindness by doing jobs for them.”以及“His new air mattress (床垫) was much more comfortable than dozens of (几十个) little beds joined together. It was like sleeping on a cloud!”可知，格列佛既乐于助人又技艺高超。故选B。 （四） （2025·山东枣庄·三模） In a small village, there were two brothers named Jamie and Jack. They lived next door to each other on their farms for 20 years. Every day, they worked together and happily helped one another. One day, the two brothers had a fight over a small misunderstanding, which quickly turned into a bigger problem. They stopped working together and began using malicious words towards each other. This led to complete silence between them, and neither spoke to the other again. After a week, someone knocked on Jamie’s door. When he opened it, he found a man with a carpenter’s (木匠的) toolbox. The man said, “I’m looking for some work. Do you have any small jobs I can help with?” Jamie thought for a moment and replied, “Yes, I have a job for you.” He pointed to a wide ditch (沟渠) on the farm and said, “My brother and I used to work together, but last week, he dug this ditch to separate our farms. I want you to build a tall fence (围栏) there, so I don’t have to see my brother anymore.” The carpenter agreed. Jamie then left for town to do some shopping. Instead of the fence he had requested, he was surprised to see a beautiful bridge across the ditch when he returned. Just as he was about to ask the carpenter what had happened, Jack walked across the bridge with tears in his eyes. “I’m so sorry, Jamie. After everything I’ve said, you still build this bridge to fix things between us,” Jack said. “You’re the best brother ever.” He then gave Jamie a warm hug. At that moment, the two brothers realized just how important they were to each other. The bridge had become more than just a way to cross the ditch—it was a symbol of their renewed bond (关系) and understanding. 1．What does the underlined word “malicious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Empty. B．Foreign. C．Unkind. D．Difficult. 2．What do we know about the carpenter? A．He left without finishing the job. B．He didn’t do the job as requested. C．He wasn’t actually skilled at repairing things. D．He helped Jamie shop for tools and materials. 3．What does the author want to tell us through the story? A．Silence is golden in relationships. B．What goes around comes around. C．Understanding can bridge the deepest divide. D．Family isn’t an important thing—it’s everything. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文讲述了两个兄弟因误会产生矛盾，最终通过一座桥重新和解的故事。 1．词句猜测题。根据“They stopped working together and began using malicious words towards each other. This led to complete silence between them, and neither spoke to the other again.”可知，他们不再一起工作，而是开始互相使用……言语。这导致他们之间完全陷入了沉默，此后再也没人与对方说话。由此推知，应该是不好的言语，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Instead of the fence he had requested, he was surprised to see a beautiful bridge across the ditch when he returned.”可知，木匠未按要求的篱笆施工，而是建了桥。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。根据“The bridge had become more than just a way to cross the ditch—it was a symbol of their renewed bond (关系) and understanding.”可知，这座桥不再仅仅是一条跨越沟渠的通道——它已成为他们重新建立联系和增进理解的象征。选项C“理解能够弥合最深的分歧”符合主题。故选C。 （五） （2025·山东济宁·模拟预测） One sunny morning, Lucy found a strange letter in her mailbox. The envelope was old-fashioned, with a wax seal and no return address. Inside, there was a handwritten note that said, “Meet me at the old oak tree in the park at sunset. Come alone, and bring the silver locket your grandmother left you.” Lucy was confused. She had a silver locket, but she had never shown it to anyone. How did the writer of the letter know about it? Her grandmother had passed away two years ago, and the locket was very special to her. It held a tiny picture of her grandmother when she was young. As sunset approached, Lucy decided to go to the park. She was a bit scared but also very curious. When she arrived at the old oak tree, she saw an old woman sitting on a bench. The woman smiled at Lucy and said, “You must be Lucy. I’m Mrs. Thompson, an old friend of your grandmother.” Mrs. Thompson explained that she and Lucy’s grandmother had been close friends when they were young. They had a special adventure together. “Your grandmother was very brave,” Mrs. Thompson said. “She once saved my life during a big storm in the forest.” Mrs. Thompson then asked to see the locket. When Lucy opened it, Mrs. Thompson smiled and pointed at the picture. “This was taken on the day we had our big adventure” she said. Lucy listened carefully, fascinated by the story. Mrs. Thompson gave Lucy a small diary. “This was your grandmother’s. She wanted you to have it,” she said. As Lucy took the diary, she felt a strong connection to her grandmother. She knew that this mysterious letter had led her to a precious piece of her family’s history. 1．What did the letter ask Lucy to bring? A．Her grandmother’s diary B．A wax-sealed envelope C．The silver locket D．A picture of her grandmother 2．Why did Mrs. Thompson ask Lucy to come to the park? A．To return something that belonged to Lucy B．To tell Lucy about her grandmother’s adventures C．To give Lucy a new locket D．To ask Lucy for help 3．The word “fascinated” in the last paragraph probably means ________. A．bored B．interested C．scared D．sad 4．What is the main idea of the story? A．Lucy found a new friend in the park. B．Lucy’s grandmother was a very brave woman. C．A mysterious letter led Lucy to learn about her grandmother’s past. D．Mrs. Thompson and Lucy’s grandmother had many adventures. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了Lucy收到一封神秘信件，要求她带着祖母留下的银锁去公园的老橡树下见面。在那里，她遇到了祖母的老朋友Mrs. Thompson，并了解到祖母年轻时的一段冒险故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Inside, there was a handwritten note that said, ‘Meet me at the old oak tree in the park at sunset. Come alone, and bring the silver locket your grandmother left you.’”可知，信件要求Lucy带的是银锁。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Mrs. Thompson explained that she and Lucy’s grandmother had been close friends when they were young. They had a special adventure together.”可推知，Mrs. Thompson的目的是告诉Lucy关于祖母的冒险故事。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Lucy listened carefully”可知，仔细听着这个故事，应是被这个故事迷住了，所以划线部分的含义是“着迷的、感兴趣的”。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕Lucy通过神秘信件了解到祖母的过去展开，C项符合。故选C。 （六） （2025·山东日照·三模） “Thank you for your email. I have left to follow my dream of knitting (编织) sweaters for penguins and no longer work for the School of Economics. I will be out of office… until my penguin friends are happy.” This is part of an email received by a Chinese student studying in the UK from her teacher, which has recently become popular online. You may find this email surprising, but knitting sweaters for penguins is a real act of kindness. The idea was started by the Penguin Foundation (基金会) and Phillip Island Nature Parks in Australia. The project began due to a serious oil spill (泄漏) near Phillip Island in the late 1990s. During that time, the number and health of baby penguins dropped rapidly. When little penguins became covered in oil, they tried to clean themselves with their beaks (喙), but eating the oil could be deadly. The oil also made it difficult for them to swim or hunt for food. To solve this problem, the foundation asked knitters worldwide to make sweaters for affected (受影响的) penguins. These sweaters could keep the penguins warm during the cleaning process and stop them from eating the oil. It’s a good method to protect penguins. In 2001, there was another oil spill near Phillip Island. Thanks to the sweaters, 96 percent of the affected penguins were successfully saved. However, some people have questioned the idea of animals wearing human-made clothing. Certain bird protection groups have expressed worries that these sweaters might put more stress on the penguins’ bodies. The foundation explained that the sweaters were only a short-term way and will not be used when the penguins stay healthy. To ensure the penguins are protected and wearing appropriate clothes, the foundation has provided detailed instructions for knitters. For example, the total length of the finished sweater should be no more than 18 cm, the width across the body no more than 12 cm and the width of the bottom opening no more than 11 cm. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic of the text? A．By telling a joke. B．By introducing a teacher. C．By telling a famous saying. D．By describing an email. 2．What does the underlined word “appropriate” in the last paragraph most likely mean? A．proper B．thick C．plastic D．valuable 3．What can we learn about the knitting project? A．Its purpose is to protect the penguins from coldness. B．It has been supported by everyone. C．It will be a long-term way. D．It requires strict size instructions. 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Two serious oil spills B．Knit sweaters for penguins C．Penguins and human activities D．Pay close attention to affected penguins 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了为企鹅编织毛衣这一保护行动的起源、作用、争议及具体要求。 1．细节理解题。根据“‘Thank you for your email...’ This is part of an email...”可知，作者通过描述一封邮件引出主题。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据“the foundation has provided detailed instructions for knitters. For example, the total length...no more than 11 cm.”可知，基金会对毛衣尺寸有详细规定，故“appropriate”意为“合适的”，与“proper”同义。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“the foundation has provided detailed instructions for knitters. For example, the total length...no more than 11 cm.”可知，编织项目对毛衣尺寸有严格要求。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。全文围绕“为企鹅编织毛衣”的保护行动展开，介绍其背景、作用及具体细节，最佳标题为“为企鹅编织毛衣”。故选B。 （七） （2025·山东东营·三模） Betty was excited to show her brother David the basket filled with seashells. But David was busy helping Dad get everything back into the car. “What are you going to do with those useless things?” he said. “You can’t take them home.” “But I want these seashells,” Betty said unhappily. “Each one is a different shape and size. They are all special.” Suddenly, David saw the water rising along the beach. He shouted to Betty, “The waves (海浪) are about to take your toys!” As Betty ran to get her things, she called to David, “Please put my seashells into the car!” David was putting one of the beach chairs into the car when his foot accidentally knocked over the basket. As David lifted a heavy box, he slipped (滑倒) and dropped the box right on top of the seashells, breaking most of them into pieces. Betty came back with her toys. When she saw her seashells broken, she began to cry. David started to pick up the seashells and place them carefully back into the basket. Dad tried to explain to Betty that it was an accident. But Betty was still upset. David also felt sad. He thought about what he could do to make it up to his sister. When he got home, he had a perfect idea. The next morning David waited for Betty with the basket of seashells and some strong glue. He also had a framed (装框的) photo of the two of them. Together they looked through the basket and found several seashells that were not broken and could still be used. Then they glued the seashells to the frame. “I’m really sorry, Betty.” David said. “Yesterday I was very careless with something special to you.” Betty looked at her brother and smiled. “You’re the best big brother ever!” 1．What did Betty think of the seashells? A．Heavy. B．Useless. C．Special. D．Perfect. 2．Betty began to cry when ________. A．she slipped and hurt herself B．she knocked over the basket C．she saw the broken seashells D．she told her dad about the accident 3．David glued the seashells to the frame to ________. A．make it up to his sister B．develop his painting skill C．prepare a gift for his dad D．make the picture beautiful 4．What is the correct order of this story? ①Betty picked some seashells at the seaside. ②Betty began to cry. ③David put the broken seashells carefully back into the basket. ④David broke most of the seashells into pieces. ⑤David and Betty stuck the seashells to the frame. A．①③②④⑤ B．①④②③⑤ C．③④②①⑤ D．③④①②⑤ 5．What would Betty feel at last? A．Angry. B．Hopeful. C．Moved. D．Sad. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Betty一家去海边玩，哥哥David不小心弄碎了Betty的贝壳又设法补救的事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Each one is a different shape and size. They are all special.”可知，Betty认为这些贝壳很特别。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“When she saw her seashells broken, she began to cry.”可知，当她看到她的贝壳破碎时，她哭了起来。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“David started to pick up the seashells and place them carefully back into the basket.”以及“He thought about what he could do to make it up to his sister.”可知，David把贝壳粘在相框上是为了补偿她的妹妹。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Betty was excited to show her brother David the basket filled with seashells.”可知，Betty在海边捡了一些贝壳，故①排在第一位；根据“As David lifted a heavy box, he slipped (滑倒) and dropped the box right on top of the seashells, breaking most of them into pieces.”可知，David把大部分贝壳打碎了，故④排在第二位；根据“When she saw her seashells broken, she began to cry.”可知，当Betty看到她的贝壳破碎时，她哭了起来，故②排在第三位；根据“David started to pick up the seashells and place them carefully back into the basket.”可知，David小心翼翼地把那些破碎的贝壳放回了篮子里，故③排在第四位；根据“Then they glued the seashells to the frame.”可知，他们将贝壳粘贴在了相框上，故⑤排在第五位。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“Betty looked at her brother and smiled. ‘You’re the best big brother ever!’”可推知，Betty最后很感动。故选C。 能力进阶 （一） （2025·山东济南·模拟预测） There is a saying, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.” It describes the big challenge of making a journey to the Great Wall. It also tells people not to give up. British brothers James and Thomas Lindsay, aged 30 and 23, know the saying very well. And in 2022, the two brothers spent months running along the Great Wall. The pair set off from Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu Province on July 15. It took the two 131 days of running and walking along the main west-to-east length of the Great Wall to reach Shanhaiguan Pass on November 22. Their Great Wall journey covered 3, 263 kilometers. They are the first known brothers, and Thomas is the youngest person, to succeed in running the wall in one journey. The two brothers’ love for the Great Wall is from their father, William Lindsay. William once ran along the wall 37 years ago. He has devoted (奉献) more than 30 years of his life to visiting, studying and protecting the wall. His actions influenced his two sons. They spent most of their weekends walking, taking photos and picking up rubbish from the Great Wall. Compared to their father’s journey, the brothers’ trip was helped by advanced tools like GPS watches and digital maps. However, it was still not easy for the two to do that. They had to go through bad weather and even illnesses. Finally, they completed their trip. This experience gave the brothers a deeper understanding of the Great Wall and the history behind it. For the two, it is not enough to just go to the Great Wall; they must also love and protect it. 1．What inspired James and Thomas Lindsay to run along the Great Wall? A．The challenge of the long-distance running. B．Their father’s influence and love for the Great Wall. C．The saying “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man” D．The advanced tools like GPS watches and digital maps. 2．How long did the two brothers’ journey along the Great Wall last? A．About three months. B．About four months. C．About five months. D．About six months. 3．What can we know about William Lindsay? A．He is the first person to run along the Great Wall. B．He has spent all his life studying the Great Wall. C．He set a good example for his two sons in Great Wall protection. D．He used advanced tools when running along the Great Wall 37 years ago. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Thomas is the youngest person to visit the Great Wall. B．The brothers’ journey was easier than their father’s because of advanced tools. C．The brothers only ran and didn’t walk during their journey. D．The brothers’ journey started from Shanhaiguan Pass. 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．More people will be inspired by the brothers to run along the Great Wall. B．The Great Wall is in bad condition and needs more protection. C．The brothers will continue to do something for the Great Wall’s protection. D．Running along the Great Wall will become a popular sport in the future. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文围绕英国兄弟詹姆斯和托马斯・林赛沿长城跑步的经历展开，讲述他们受父亲对长城的热爱的影响，于2022年从甘肃嘉峪关出发，历经约4个月、131天，跑完3263公里长城主线至山海关，过程克服诸多困难。还介绍了父亲威廉・林赛对长城的奉献，以及兄弟俩此次经历加深对长城及背后历史的理解，体现他们对长城保护与热爱的态度。 1．细节理解题。根据“The two brothers’ love for the Great Wall is from their father, William Lindsay. His actions influenced his two sons.”可知，说明是父亲对长城的热爱影响激励兄弟俩。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The pair set off from Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu Province on July 15. It took the two 131 days of running and walking along the main west-to-east length of the Great Wall to reach Shanhaiguan Pass on November 22.”可知，兄弟俩7月15日出发，11月22日到达，7月到11月跨度约4个月。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“He has devoted (奉献) more than 30 years of his life to visiting, studying and protecting the wall. His actions influenced his two sons.”可知，表明父亲为保护长城树立了好榜样。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Compared to their father’s journey, the brothers’ trip was helped by advanced tools like GPS watches and digital maps.”可知，说明因先进工具，兄弟俩的旅程比父亲的容易些。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“For the two, it is not enough to just go to the Great Wall; they must also love and protect it.”可知，兄弟俩会继续为长城保护做事。故选C。 （二） （2025·山东临沂·二模） We all need purpose in our lives. And so do dogs. Work is good for us. While holidays are great, after a while, we can miss our sense of daily life and work, of duty and purpose. This is what happened to the German Shephard, Dorka. She was a bomb-detection (探测炸弹的) dog with the US Army in Afghanistan. Every day, with her owner Monte, she looked for bombs to protect the soldiers (士兵). When the dog and her owner’s duties were over, Monte brought Dorka home with him. But he soon found that Dorka was depressed. She missed her job and the sense of purpose it gave her. Her owner tried different things to cheer her up but nothing seemed to work. Then Monte had an idea. He began hiding objects for Dorka to find. The objects had a similar smell to what Dorka had been trained to look for. He’d hide them under parked cars or other hidden places. On their walks, it would be Dorka’s job to find these hidden objects. Soon, Monte noticed Dorka’s ears stand up and that her young energy had returned. “I immediately saw she was back to her happy self,” said Monte in a video he made for their TikTok channel, shared by the animal lovers’ site, The Dodo. “Seeing her happy makes me happy,” said Monte in the video. But why did this make Dorka so happy? It seems that she once again felt her purpose in life. Dorka had kept Monte safe in the war, and now Monte was looking after Dorka. What a beautiful friendship Monte and Dorka share! 1．What was the job of Dorka with the US Army in Afghanistan? A．She cheered soldiers up. B．She was a bomb-detection expert. C．She looked for bombs to protect the soldiers. 2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “depressed” in Paragraph2? A．Tired. B．Upset. C．Worried. 3．What can we know from Paragraph 3? A．What Monte did to cheer Dorka up. B．Where Monte usually hid the objects. C．How Dorka found the hidden objects. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Humans and dogs are good friends. B．Dogs need the purpose of life as humans. C．Humans need to take good care of dogs. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文讲述军犬Dorka退役后因失去生活目标而抑郁，主人Monte通过设计“寻物游戏”帮助它重拾快乐的故事，揭示了狗与人类同样需要生活目标的主题。 1．细节理解题。根据“She was a bomb-detection (探测炸弹的) dog with the US Army in Afghanistan. Every day, with her owner Monte, she looked for bombs to protect the soldiers (士兵).”可知，她每天搜寻炸弹以保护士兵，故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线词后的“She missed her job and the sense of purpose it gave her. Her owner tried different things to cheer her up but nothing seemed to work.”可知，后文描述“Dorka想念工作”、“主人尝试多种方法使其振作无效”，因此depressed意为“难过的”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Then Monte had an idea. He began hiding objects for Dorka to find…On their walks, it would be Dorka’s job to find these hidden objects.”可知，该段详细描述他设计寻物游戏以让Dorka开心的。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“We all need purpose in our lives. And so do dogs.”可知，首段首句点明主题：“人类需要生活目标，狗亦如此”；结尾再次强调“It seems that she once again felt her purpose in life.”，因此选项B“狗和人类一样需要生活目标”是全文核心观点。故选B。 （三） （2025·山东青岛·二模） Confucius was a famous teacher who was born in 551 BC． This period was a dangerous time in China’s history. Many rulers were fighting across the country. Life was difficult for the poor. They worked hard for their rulers and received little money in return. Confucius’ father died when he was only three years old. So only his mother supported him. As he grew up, Confucius worked to help his mother make money. When he wasn’t working, he would read. His favorite thing to do was learning. His mother did her best to help him learn. Gradually, rich families noticed how smart he was and offered him jobs counting their money. Confucius did this until he was 30 years old, but he always wanted to do more. He didn’t like the way rulers treated their people. He began reading again. He wanted to find a way to help people who were less lucky than he. He believed that by educating oneself, loving the family, and respecting (尊重) tradition, one could become a better person and achieve these things by practicing self-discipline (自律)—to control his actions and feelings. He also believed that these teachings would stop war, bring peace, and save China. For the rest of his life, Confucius traveled and taught people about self-discipline and the importance of education. He even opened China’s first school that taught both the poor and the wealthy. Although at that time he became very famous among China’s lower classes, the rulers never accepted his teachings. Self-discipline and education didn’t sound as good to them as power and wealth. 200 years later, all China accepted his teachings. Today, he is considered to be one of the world’s greatest teachers. 1．How was the life when Confucius was born? A．The people were so rich. B．It was a dangerous time. C．It was difficult for the rulers. D．The poor fought across the country. 2．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Confucius was offered jobs because of his mother. B．Confucius counted money for the rich for 30 years. C．Confucius wanted rulers to treat their people better. D．Confucius wanted to stop war and bring peace by reading. 3．What is self-discipline according to Confucius? A．Educating oneself. B．Loving the family. C．Respecting tradition. D．Controlling the actions and feelings. 4．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了孔子。 1．细节理解题。根据“Confucius was a famous teacher who was born in 551 B. C. This period was a dangerous time in China’s history.”可知孔子出生的时候，生活很危险。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Gradually, rich families noticed how smart he was and offered him jobs counting their money.”可知，孔子因聪明而获得工作机会，所以排除选项A。根据“Confucius did this until he was 30 years old”可知，孔子数钱的工作干到到30岁，所以排除选项B。根据“He also believed that these teachings would stop war, bring peace, and save China.”可知，孔子相信这些教义将停止战争，带来和平，拯救中国，所以排除选项D。根据“They worked hard for their rulers and received little money in return.”和“He didn’t like the way rulers treated their people.”可知，孔子希望统治者更好地对待人民。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“He believed that by educating oneself, loving the family, and respecting tradition, one could become a better person and achieve these things by practicing self-discipline—to control his actions and feelings.”可知，根据孔子的说法，自我修养是控制行为和感情。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。根据全文可知，第一段介绍孔子出生的时代背景，第二、三、四段介绍孔子的成长经历与思想，最后一段介绍孔子的影响。故选D。 （四） （2025·山东泰安·二模） A middle school student’s article has touched millions online. Zhang Xiaoran, a ninth-grader from Hangzhou, wrote about her trip back to her hometown Ulanqab (乌兰察布). In her article, she described traveling on a slow green train with her grandparents. The 25-hour ride was filled with warm memories: the sound of wheels on rails, dialects (口音) of passengers, and her grandparents’ care. She wrote about a kind grandfather who bought snacks just because the seller said, “Kids love these.” This reminded her of her late grandfather. Inner Mongolia’s tourism department sent her a special gift—all local scenic spots (景点) are free. They also mailed traditional foods like dried milk slices (奶片). Ulanqab’s officials invited her classmates to visit, calling it “the most romantic interaction (相互影响) between the north and south”. The article made “Ulanqab” a trending search online. Many netizens (网民) shared their own stories, saying Zhang’s writing made them reconnect with their childhood. This story teaches us that simple words can warm our hearts. As Zhang’s teacher said, “True feelings always shine brighter than AI-written words.” We should love and protect our family and hometowns. After all, kindness and love are the most powerful forces (力量) in our lives. Let’s take action to express our love to those around us. 1．What did Zhang Xiaoran describe in her article? A．Her life in Hangzhou. B．A train trip with her grandparents. C．Her favorite snacks from Ulanqab. D．An AI-written article competition. 2．What special gift did Inner Mongolia’s tourism department send to Zhang? A．A free green train ticket. B．An invitation to visit Ulanab with her classmates. C．Traditional foods and free scenic spot visit. D．A book about the north-south interaction. 3．What do Zhang’s teacher’s words mean? A．AI-written words are more creative. B．True feelings in writing are more touching. C．Students should learn from AI writing. D．Simple words are hard to understand. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce Zhang Xiaoran’s hometown Ulanqab. B．To explain how to write a moving article. C．To show the power of kindness, love, and true feelings. D．To encourage students to visit Inner Mongolia. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述杭州九年级学生张潇然的文章在网上触动无数人，讲述了她和祖父母乘坐慢绿皮火车回乌兰察布家乡的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据“In her article, she described traveling on a slow green train with her grandparents.”可知，她在文章里描述了和祖父母乘坐慢绿皮火车的旅行。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Inner Mongolia’s tourism department sent her a special gift—all local scenic spots (景点) are free. They also mailed traditional foods like dried milk slices (奶片).”可知，礼物包括当地景点免费游览和传统食物奶片。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“True feelings always shine brighter than AI-written words.”可知，意思是写作中真挚的情感更打动人。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读原文可知，文章通过讲述张潇然的文章引发的一系列事情，根据“After all, kindness and love are the most powerful (力量) in our lives. Let's take action to express our love to those around us.”可知，旨在展现善良、爱和真挚情感的力量。故选C。 （五） （2025·山东德州·一模） Tom’s mind was made up now. He was sad and disappointed. He was a lonely, friendless boy, he said; nobody loved him; when they found out what they had driven him to, perhaps they would be sorry; he had tried to do right and get along, but they would not let him; since nothing would do them but to be rid of him, let it be so; and let them blame (责备) him for the results—why shouldn’t they? What right had the friendless to complain? Yes, they had forced him to it at last: he would lead a life of crime. There was no choice. By this time he was far down Meadow Lane, and the bell for school to “take up” tinkled faintly (隐约地) upon his ear. He cried in a low voice, now, to think he should never, never hear that old familiar sound any more—it was very hard, but it was forced on him; since he was driven out into the cold world, he must obey—but he forgave them. Then the sound of soft crying came thick and fast. Just at this point he met his soul’s sworn (宣过誓的) friend, Joe Harper—hard-eyed, and with clearly a great and dismal (凄凉的) purpose in his heart. Clearly here were “two souls with but a single thought.” Tom, wiping his eyes with his clothes, began to cry out something about a decision to escape from hard usage and lack of sympathy (同情心) at home by going abroad into the great world never to return; and ended by hoping that Joe would not forget him. But it was known that this was a request which Joe had just been going to make of Tom, and had come to hunt him up for that purpose. His mother had whipped (鞭打) him for drinking some cream which he had never tasted and knew nothing about; it was clear that she was tired of him and wished him to go; if she felt that way, there was nothing for him to do but give in; he hoped she would be happy, and never regret having driven her poor boy out into the unfeeling world to suffer and die. —From The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 1．Why did Tom decide to lead a life of crime? A．He didn’t like making friends with others. B．He thought nobody cared about him. C．He would like others not to blame him D．He would meet a friend by doing this. 2．What can you infer about Tom and Joe’s friendship? A．They knew each other very well but wasn’t close. B．They were classmates who agreed to drive to school. C．They could understand each other’s feelings well. D．They became good friends after this event. 3．What do you think of Joe? A．Humorous. B．Clever. C．Selfish. D．Sensitive (敏感的). 4．Put the following sentences in the order they appear in the text. ① Tom decided to leave home.    ②Tom felt sad and disappointed. ③ Tom thought nobody loved him.    ④Tom met Joe in the street. ⑤ Tom told Joe to escape from the home. A．①②③④⑤ B．②③①④⑤ C．⑤③④①② D．③②①⑤④ 5．What do you think will happen next? A．They decided to run away together. B．They went back to their own homes. C．They returned to the school together. D．They prepared gifts for their own families. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章节选自《汤姆·索亚历险记》，主要讲述了汤姆因感到孤独和被忽视，决定离家出走并过上犯罪生活，途中遇到朋友乔·哈珀的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“He was a lonely, friendless boy, he said; nobody loved him; when they found out what they had driven him to, perhaps they would be sorry…Yes, they had forced him to it at last: he would lead a life of crime. There was no choice.”可知，汤姆感到孤独，认为没有人爱他，这促使他决定走上犯罪的道路。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Clearly here were ‘two souls with but a single thought.’”可推知，汤姆和乔能够很好地理解彼此的感受，他们的友谊非常深厚。故选C。 3．观点态度题。根据“His mother had whipped (鞭打) him for drinking some cream which he had never tasted and knew nothing about; it was clear that she was tired of him and wished him to go; ; if she felt that way, there was nothing for him to do but give in; he hoped she would be happy, and never regret having driven her poor boy out into the unfeeling world to suffer and die.”可知，乔因为被误解而受到惩罚，感到被母亲抛弃，表现出敏感的情感。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“He was sad and disappointed…nobody loved him”；根据“ since nothing would do them but to be rid of him, let it be so…By this time he was far down Meadow Lane…since he was driven out into the cold world, he must obey”；根据“Just at this point he met his soul’s sworn (宣过誓的) friend, Joe Harper…Tom, wiping his eyes with his clothes, began to cry out something about a decision to escape from hard usage and lack of sympathy (同情心) at home by going abroad into the great world never to return; and ended by hoping that Joe would not forget him”可知，根据文章顺序：先写汤姆感到悲伤沮丧，接着他觉得无人爱他，再决定离家出走，然后在街上遇到乔，最后汤姆提出逃离家庭。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“Tom, wiping his eyes with his clothes, began to cry out something about a decision to escape from hard usage and lack of sympathy (同情心) at home by going abroad into the great world never to return; and ended by hoping that Joe would not forget him.”以及“But it was known that this was a request which Joe had just been going to make of Tom, and had come to hunt him up for that purpose.”可知，乔也有同样的想法，因此可以推断他们可能会一起逃离。故选A。 （六） （2025·山东聊城·二模） Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away on February 6th,2025. But his great deeds and strong spirit will always stay in our hearts and keep lighting up (点亮) China’s way forward. Huang Xuhua was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. When he was young, he saw the hard times of his country under foreign attacks. These sad memories made him study hard. He made a promise to make the country strong with his knowledge. In the 1950s, when China started to develop nuclear submarines (核潜艇), it was a very difficult job. Huang Xuhua was not afraid and stood up bravely. At that time, there was not much advanced technology or many resources. The task felt almost impossible. But he and his team took on this challenge. To keep the project secret, they stopped contacting the outside world, even their families. Huang Xuhua left his hometown for many years. During the design process, they met a lot of problems. They couldn’t get help from foreign experts, so they could only depend on their own research. They used simple tools like abacuses (算盘) to calculate (计算) and do experiments with great effort. Another important problem was to make sure the submarine was stable (稳定的) underwater. After many tests, they slowly solved these problems. Finally, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully. This made China one of the few countries that had this ability. Huang Xuhua didn’t stop after this big success. He went on to help with the development of submarine technology. His hard work and devotion (奉献) won him many honors, including the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019. Now, when we think of him, we know that his life can inspire us a lot. We, especially the young people, should learn from his spirit. Let’s take on the responsibility, face challenges bravely, and work hard to make China stronger. In this way, his spirit will live on. 1．What does the underlined word “contacting” mean in Chinese? A．友谊 B．合作 C．联系 D．谈判 2．What do Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly talk about? A．It took only several years to develop China’s first nuclear submarine successfully. B．Developing China’s first nuclear submarine was a difficult process full of challenges. C．Developing China’s first nuclear submarine mainly depended on advanced technology. D．It was easy to develop China’s first nuclear submarine with the help of foreign experts. 3．When was China’s first nuclear submarine developed successfully? A．In the 1950s. B．In the 1960s. C．In the 1970s. D．In the 1980s. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Huang Xuhua? A．Brave and cold-hearted. B．Creative and humorous. C．Curious and responsible. D．Devoted and hard-working. 5．What can we know from the passage? A．Huang Xuhua cared about his family very much. B．Huang Xuhua has a deep love for his home country. C．Huang Xuhua wanted to develop nuclear submarines at an early age. D．Huang Xuhua stopped working after the success of the first nuclear submarine. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了中国伟大科学家黄旭华的生平事迹，特别是他在中国核潜艇研发过程中的卓越贡献，展现了他的奉献精神与爱国情怀。 1．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“To keep the project secret, they stopped contacting the outside world, even their families.”可知，为了保密，他们停止了与外界的接触，包括他们的家人。因此，“contacting”在此处的意思是“联系”。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In the 1950s, when China started to develop nuclear submarines, it was a very difficult job...”以及第四段“During the design process, they met a lot of problems.”可知，这两段主要讲述了中国第一艘核潜艇的研发过程充满了挑战，是一个艰难的过程。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Finally, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully.”可知，中国第一艘核潜艇是在20世纪70年代成功研发的。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“His hard work and devotion won him many honors”以及全文对黄旭华的描述，可以看出他是一个敬业且勤奋的人，为中国的核潜艇事业做出了巨大贡献。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“He made a promise to make the country strong with his knowledge.”以及全文对黄旭华爱国情怀和奉献精神的描述，可以推断出黄旭华对他的祖国有着深厚的爱。故选B。 （七） （2025·河南驻马店·一模） Technologies in everyday life in China surprised Sofia Reznikova, a 31-year-old visitor from Russia. She first learned about the 144 hour visa-free transit policy (过境免签) on line when she watched videos about people traveling to China. Reznikova visited Guangzhou and Shenzhen in June. A highlight (亮点) of her stay was the robotic delivery service (机器人送货服务). “Ordering food became an exciting event as a cute robot arrived at my door with my meal,” said Reznikova. After placing an order, the restaurant staff（工作人员) would take the food from the delivery man and put it into the robot’s “belly”. After the room number is entered, the robot would make its way to the elevator (电梯) and ride up to the correct room. “Hotel guests could receive their meals without any direct contact,” she said. “This service saves delivery people time. And it is a lot safer because guests don’t have to meet anyone,” Reznikova said. She also enjoyed the robot’s friendly words like, “Hello! Your meal has arrived!” She thought it was funny. The robot made her stay more enjoyable. Reznikova also experienced augmented reality (AR,增强现实) at the Chimelong Safari Park (长隆野生动物世界) in Guangzhou. There, she used the “Chimelong AR Zoo” on her phone. “The app uses AR to change how visitors interact with (互动) the park’s wildlife,” she said. Using the app, she could see virtual（虚拟) animals lead the way in front of her. “It was interesting. The app made sure I didn’t miss any of the park’s highlights,” Reznikova said. As she walked through the park, the app showed fun facts about each animal she met. “I felt a sense of futuristic comfort (未来主义舒适感) during my travels in China,” Reznikova said. 1．How did Reznikova learned the visa-free transit policy of China? A．By reading newspapers. B．From a friend on the phone. C．By watching videos on the internet. 2．What did Reznikova think of the robots’ serving in the restaurant? A．Friendly, funny and safe. B．Cute, friendly and virtual. C．Friendly, funny and scary. 3．What is “Chimelong AR Zoo” in Paragraph 7? A．A robot in Chimelong Safari Park. B．An app to help the visitors to see virtual animals. C．A kind of animals in the park. 4．In which section of a newspaper can we probably read the passage? A．China Travel. B．Fantastic Wildlife. C．Famous People. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文讲述了31岁的俄罗斯游客Sofia Reznikova在中国旅行时对日常生活中的科技应用（如机器人送餐、AR动物园）感到惊讶和赞叹的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据“She first learned about the 144 hour visa-free transit policy on line when she watched videos about people traveling to China.”可知，她是通过在网上观看视频了解中国免签证过境政策的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“And it is a lot safer because guests don’t have to meet anyone”、“She also enjoyed the robot’s friendly words”和“She thought it was funny.”等可知，Reznikova认为餐厅理机器人的服务安全、友好、有趣。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据下一句“The app uses AR to change how visitors interact with (互动) the park’s wildlife” 可知，Chimelong AR Zoo是一款帮助游客看到虚拟动物的应用程序。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Technologies in everyday life in China surprised Sofia Reznikova, a 31-year-old visitor from Russia.”以及全文可知，本文讲述了31岁的俄罗斯游客Sofia Reznikova在中国旅行时对日常生活中的科技应用（如机器人送餐、AR动物园）感到惊讶和赞叹的经历。所以，最可能会在杂志的“旅游与观光”部分看到这篇文章。故选A。 真题实战 （一） （2025·山东菏泽·中考） In the fall of 2022, my husband got a chance to spend three years in Nanjing teaching international law. When we got to China, I began to study Chinese. It was really hard for me to speak putonghua. For me, it wasn’t the grammar. “I want to buy this book” is pretty straightforward: “我想买这本书”. And I could memorize lots of Chinese characters (hanzi). However, many words sound alike but mean something different. Take the sound “jiàn” for example, it always leaves me guessing-the warship (舰) or the arrow (箭), to meet (见) or to build (建)? Then, somewhere along the way, I started talking to people around me in Chinese. I tried to communicate with the women in the markets about how to cook vegetables. Sometimes I talked to taxi drivers about the songs on the radio. Gradually I could listen to songs and understand the lyrics without looking them up. I finally reached the point where I could enjoy living in China without using a dictionary. Now, as our year is up and we pack up to leave, I'm finding my Chinese has improved. I search Baidu maps in Chinese, keep my mobile phone Contacts in Chinese, and send WeChat messages to Chinese friends in Chinese. But mostly, I don’t worry about my performance anymore and enjoy every experience to speak Chinese. Every language is different. For me, finally, I’ve learned that the key to learning Chinese is to enjoy living in China. 1．When did the writer start to learn Chinese? A．In 2022. B．In 2023. C．In 2024. 2．Why does the writer take the sound “jiàn” for example? A．To compare different meanings of the same word. B．To encourage foreigners to memorize Chinese characters. C．To show many words sound alike but have different meanings. 3．What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．No rules, no order. B．Practice makes perfect. C．The written word remains. 4．What is the secret to Chinese learning for the writer? A．Enjoying living in China. B．Using mobile phones more. C．Studying the grammar hard. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在2022年随丈夫到中国南京后学习汉语的经历，从最初的困难到逐渐适应并享受学习过程的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In the fall of 2022, my husband got a chance to spend three years in Nanjing... When we got to China, I began to study Chinese”可知，作者开始学习汉语的时间是2022年。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“However, many words sound alike but mean something different. Take the sound ‘jiàn’ for example...”可知，作者举“jiàn”的例子是为了说明汉语中许多同音异义词的现象。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Then, somewhere along the way, I started talking to people around me in Chinese... Gradually I could listen to songs and understand the lyrics...”可知，本段强调通过实践（如日常交流）逐步提升汉语水平，体现了“熟能生巧”的道理。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“For me, finally, I’ve learned that the key to learning Chinese is to enjoy living in China”可知，作者认为学习汉语的秘诀是享受在中国的生活。故选A。 （二） （2025·山东滨州·中考） What will you do if your classmate suddenly gets into danger on your way to an important exam? Recently, a 17-year-old student from Shandong has shown us a perfect answer with his kind act. In May, 2025, while the student was rushing into his important exam, his classmate suddenly had a heart problem and fell down next to him. The student used CPR (心肺复苏) skills he learned at school to save his classmate right away. With the driver’s help, he sent his classmate to the hospital in just seven minutes—half the usual time. Thanks to their teamwork, his classmate was out of danger. However, the student was already too late for the exam, and he missed it. This story quickly spread online and touched millions of people deeply. Many people spoke highly of the student as a hero. The education department (部门) also admired him for his courage and allowed him to take a make-up exam (补考). It shows that education is not just about grades but also developing a good character and a sense of responsibility (责任). The student missed the exam, but he didn’t regret his decision. When he was asked about the exam, he said, “Exams can be retaken, but life cannot.” This story isn’t just about the student’s kindness, it also tells us the true meaning of education. As one expert said, “Exams test knowledge, while the young man’s choice tested his character, and he scored perfectly.” 1．What did the student do on his way to the important exam? A．He got a prize. B．He learned CPR skills. C．He saved a driver. D．He saved his classmate. 2．Which of the following is the right order of the story? a. The student saved his classmate. b. The student was allowed to take a make-up exam. c. Many people spoke highly of the student for his act. d. The student’s classmate had a heart problem and fell down. A．a→c→d→b B．b→c→d→a C．d→a→c→b D．d→b→a→c 3．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 imply (暗示)? A．The student hoped he could save more people’s lives. B．The student regretted he didn’t take the exam on time. C．The student hoped he could get high scores in the exam. D．The student thought life was more valuable than an exam. 4．Which of the following words could best describe the student? A．Kind and brave. B．Lovely and humorous. C．Honest and clever. D．Outgoing and hard-working. 5．What can we learn from the story? A．Knowledge comes from questioning. B．Helping others is a very valuable lesson in life. C．Friends should bring out the best in each other. D．Live every moment and be thankful for what you have. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文讲述了一个山东学生在去重要考试的路上，遇到同学突发心脏病，他勇敢地使用心肺复苏技能救了同学，虽然错过了考试，但他认为生命比考试更重要，他的行为得到了人们的赞扬，教育部门也允许他参加补考，这个故事告诉我们帮助别人是人生中非常宝贵的一课。 1．细节理解题。根据“In May, 2025, while the student was rushing into his important exam, his classmate suddenly had a heart problem and fell down next to him. The student used CPR (心肺复苏) skills he learned at school to save his classmate right away.”可知，这个学生在去重要考试的路上救了他的同学。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，故事的顺序是：首先学生的同学心脏病发作倒下了（d）；然后学生救了他的同学（a）；接着许多人高度赞扬了这个学生的行为（c）；最后这个学生被允许参加补考（b）。所以正确的顺序是d→a→c→b。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“When he was asked about the exam, he said, ‘Exams can be retaken, but life cannot.’”可知，考试可以重新参加，但生命无法重来，暗示学生认为生命比考试更珍贵。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，这个学生在同学有危险时，勇敢地使用心肺复苏技能救了同学，并且不后悔错过考试，认为生命比考试更重要，由此可推断出这个学生是善良且勇敢的。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了一个学生在去重要考试的路上，遇到同学突发心脏病，他勇敢地救了同学，虽然错过了考试，但他认为生命比考试更重要，这个故事告诉我们帮助别人是人生中非常宝贵的一课。故选B。 （三） （2025·山东聊城·中考） Lan Huiyun is a geography teacher from Shuozhou, Shanxi Province. After his students finished the gaokao of 2024, he and 13 of his students experienced a special journey. He and his students finally reached Qinghai Lake in Qinghai Province after riding about 2,000 kilometres in 18 days. They set off from their school. And before arriving in Qinghai, they passed through Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia and Gansu. In early May 2024, Lan began to plan this journey. In order to make sure of the students’ safety, Lan helped them do some training in riding. However, they also faced many difficulties on the journey. “When I noticed the students were tired or felt down, I would give them some snacks or tell them a joke to encourage them to move forward,” he said. “Luckily, all of us persisted (坚持) and finally reached Qinghai Lake.” In fact, it was not the first time that Lan had organized such a journey for his students after the gaokao. In 2016, he and his 7 students rode from Shuozhou to Manzhouli. And in 2019, he and his 11 students spent 16 days riding from Shuozhou to Shanghai. Through the trips, Lan hopes the students will experience real life and learn how to deal with difficulties. “I have never thought that a teacher should only teach through books,” he said, “I’d like to bring more students to ride in the future.” 1．How did Lan Huiyun and his students reach Qinghai Lake? A．By bus. B．By bike. C．By train. D．By plane. 2．How long did the journey to Qinghai Lake take? A．11 days. B．13 days. C．16 days. D．18 days. 3．What did Lan Huiyun do on the journey in 2024? A．He planned the next journey. B．He helped the students do some training. C．He gave the students some water to drink. D．He encouraged the students to move forward. 4．What’s the correct order of the following things? ①Lan and his students got to Shanghai. ②Lan and his students arrived in Manzhouli. ③Lan and his students reached Qinghai Lake. ④Lan began to plan the journey to Qinghai Lake. A．①③②④ B．③④①② C．②①④③ D．④③①② 5．What’s the best title (题目) for this passage? A．A special journey B．The advantages of riding C．How to deal with difficulties D．An experience before the gaokao 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了地理老师兰会云在学生们完成2024年高考后，带领他们骑行约2000公里，历经18天到达青海湖的特殊旅程，以及兰老师之前组织过的类似骑行活动，体现了兰老师希望学生们通过旅行体验真实生活、学会应对困难的愿望。 1．细节理解题。根据“He and his students finally reached Qinghai Lake in Qinghai Province after riding about 2,000 kilometres in 18 days.”可知，兰会云和他的学生们是骑自行车到达青海湖的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“He and his students finally reached Qinghai Lake in Qinghai Province after riding about 2,000 kilometres in 18 days.”可知，到达青海湖的旅程花了18天。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“When I noticed the students were tired or felt down, I would give them some snacks or tell them a joke to encourage them to move forward”可知，在2024年的旅途中，兰会云会鼓励学生继续前进。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“In 2016, he and his 7 students rode from Shuozhou to Manzhouli.”可知，②“兰和他的学生们到达满洲里”排在第一；根据“And in 2019, he and his 11 students spent 16 days riding from Shuozhou to Shanghai.”可知，①“兰和他的学生们到达上海”排在第二；根据“In early May 2024, Lan began to plan this journey.”可知，④“兰开始计划去青海湖的旅程”排在第三；根据“He and his students finally reached Qinghai Lake in Qinghai Province after riding about 2,000 kilometres in 18 days.”可知，③“兰和他的学生们到达青海湖”排在第四。因此正确的顺序是②①④③。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了兰会云老师带领学生们进行的一次特殊骑行旅程，因此最佳标题是“一次特殊的旅程”。故选A。 （四） （2025·山东临沂·中考） Have you ever heard of a foreign teacher from Bristol, UK? He is working very hard to achieve his Chinese dream. His name is James. He has been a teacher at Hunan University of Arts and Science for eight years. His students love him and call him a “legendary” foreign teacher. Since he was a little child, he felt like he had a feeling of friendship with China. Now, he spends a lot of time doing charity (慈善) work. And he has always worked wholeheartedly for the people. He cares about the veterans (退伍军人) who fought in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931–1945). He has been volunteering at a local aid center in Changde, Hunan province for those veterans for over six years. He often travels to many small villages to visit the veterans with other volunteers. “Charity is our duty,” says James. “We shouldn’t forget these veterans. Everyone should care for them.” James also helps poor students by supporting their education. He believes every student should have a chance to learn. Because of his effort, in September 2014, James won Hunan’s Seventh Xiaoxiang Friendship Award (奖). This award is given to foreigners who help make Hunan a better place by the People’s Government of Hunan province. Now James is trying to get a Chinese green card. He wants to stay in China forever. “Some people think being successful means having enough money,” he says. “But my dream is to help more people in need.” He hopes to become part of Chinese society and take real action to achieve his Chinese dream step by step. 1．How long has James been a teacher in China? A．For over six years. B．For eight years. C．Since he was a child. 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A．James’ effort for the veterans. B．James’ love for traveling in China. C．James’ experience of learning Chinese history. 3．Why did James win the Xiaoxiang Friendship Award? A．For his Chinese learning well. B．For his charity work in Hunan province. C．For his wonderful teaching skills in Hunan province. 4．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．James’ travel experiences in China. B．James’ teaching experiences in China. C．James’ Chinese dream of helping others. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了在湖南文理学院任教的外籍教师James的事迹，他花费大量时间做慈善工作，他希望获得中国绿卡，融入中国社会，并逐步采取实际行动来实现他的中国梦。 1．细节理解题。根据“He has been a teacher at Hunan University of Arts and Science for eight years.”可知，他在湖南文理学院已经任教八年。故选B。 2．段落大意题。根据“Now, he spends a lot of time doing charity (慈善) work. And he has always worked wholeheartedly for the people. He cares about the veterans (退伍军人) who fought in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931–1945). He has been volunteering at a local aid center in Changde, Hunan province for those veterans for over six years.”可知，第二段主要讲的是James为退伍军人所做的努力。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Because of his effort, in September 2014, James won Hunan’s Seventh Xiaoxiang Friendship Award (奖). This award is given to foreigners who help make Hunan a better place by the People’s Government of Hunan province.”可知，因为他在湖南省所做的慈善工作。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了在湖南文理学院任教的外籍教师James的事迹，他花费大量时间做慈善工作，他希望获得中国绿卡，融入中国社会，并逐步采取实际行动来实现他的中国梦。故选C。 （五） （2025·山东日照·中考） Last summer, my brother, Juan, and I were staying at our grandfather’s house in Mexico. When he was young, our grandfather was an explorer. One day, we were looking at his books and we found an old map hidden between the pages of a book called Animals of Mexico. On the map there were directions to a secret place, deep in the forest. Juan wanted to follow the map. “Perhaps we’ll find some treasure!” he said excitedly. We set off early the next morning. The marks on the map took us deeper and deeper into the forest. The tall trees blocked the sunlight, so it was very dark. Suddenly, we heard a deep loud noise. From the dark corner came out a huge, wild, spotted cat. “It’s a jaguar (美洲豹),” I breathed as quietly as I could. Juan froze with fear. My heart was beating really fast, but I calmly looked the jaguar straight in the eyes and tried not to show how scared I was. “Back away, slowly,” I said to Juan in a low voice. We walked backwards, very, very slowly. The jaguar took one last look at us, then turned and disappeared back into the darkness. Juan’s hands were shaking as he looked again at the map. “We’re here!” he said. “This is Grandpa’s secret place.” As we turned around, we saw a small, wooden cabin (木屋). We nervously opened the door and went inside. On the walls, there were photos of beautiful jaguars, like the one we had seen. Still shaking like a leaf after our adventure, we began to realize that we had, in fact, found a treasure—a place where jaguars live in the wild. 1．What did the brothers decide to do after they got the map? A．To visit the cabin. B．To look for treasure. C．To check the marks. D．To travel around Mexico. 2．What did the brothers do when they saw the jaguar? A．They shouted excitedly. B．They tried to stay calm. C．They backed away quickly. D．They hid themselves in the dark. 3．Why did the grandfather most likely hide the map? A．To protect the jaguars’ secret home. B．To test his grandchildren’s bravery. C．To keep his photos in the cabin safe. D．To remember his exploring experiences. 4．Which of the following can best describe the brothers’ trip? A．Tiring but educational. B．Funny and relaxing. C．Dangerous but exciting. D．Challenging and painful. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了兄弟俩在祖父家发现藏宝图，按照地图进入森林探险，遇到美洲豹并化险为夷，最终发现了祖父的秘密宝藏——美洲豹的栖息地。 1．细节理解题。根据“Juan wanted to follow the map. ‘Perhaps we’ll find some treasure!’ he said excitedly.”可知，他们是想去寻找宝藏。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“I calmly looked the jaguar straight in the eyes and tried not to show how scared I was. ‘Back away, slowly,’ I said to Juan in a low voice.”可知，他们尽量保持冷静，慢慢后退。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“we had, in fact, found a treasure—a place where jaguars live in the wild.”可知，祖父把地图藏起来，最可能是为了保护美洲豹的秘密家园。故选A。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，兄弟俩在探险过程中遇到美洲豹，非常危险，但最终找到秘密之地，令人兴奋。故选C。 （六） （2025·山东泰安·中考） When Paul Jackson was a boy, he lived near an old copper smelter (冶炼厂) which polluted the environment seriously. A beautiful forest nearby was made into a wasteland. He vowed (发誓) that someday he would make the land green again. While at college, he chose botany (植物学). He met a professor who was an expert in ecology (生态学). He told Paul it would take about twenty thousand years to make that wasteland green again. Then Paul got married and had some kids. But his dream would not die. He kept thinking about it. One night he took some action. He sneaked out into the wasteland with a backpack full of seedlings and started planting. For seven hours, he planted the seedlings. Every week, he made his secret journey and did the same job, but most of them died. For fifteen years he did this. Once, when all his young trees burned to the ground because of a careless sheepherder, Paul broke down and cried. Then he got up and kept planting. Freezing winds and terrible heat, landslides and floods and fires destroyed (毁坏) his work time and time again. However, he kept planting. Very slowly, amazing things began to take place. Now the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees, grass and bushes. Many kinds of wildlife live here. Paul received many environmental awards. His hair turned white, but he managed to keep that impossible vow he made to himself as a child. Just keep working, no matter who criticizes you, no matter how long it takes, no matter how many times you fall. 1．What did Paul Jackson vow when he was a boy? A．To work at the copper smelter. B．To make the wasteland green again. C．To win an environmental award. D．To study the wildlife in the forest. 2．Which can best explain the underlined phrase “sneaked out” in Paragraph 3? A．Ran outside excitedly and rapidly. B．Invited others to go out together. C．Walked out quickly and noisily. D．Left secretly to avoid being noticed. 3．How did Paul react (反应) when his young trees burned to the ground? A．He gave up planting from then on. B．He built a wall to protect them. C．He cried but continued planting. D．He decided to plant different kinds of trees. 4．What was the result of Paul’s long-term efforts? A．The wildlife all disappeared from the area. B．Paul became famous and moved to a big city. C．The area was turned into 14,000 acres of green land. D．All the trees he planted were destroyed by earthquakes. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍保罗幼年目睹家乡因铜冶炼厂污染沦为荒地，立誓要让土地重披绿装。他坚持十五年，荒原终成一万四千英亩的树林、草地和灌木丛，孕育丰富野生动植物群落。他以白发换青葱，践行童稚誓言，诠释了“永不言弃”的环保精神。 1．细节理解题。根据“A beautiful forest nearby was made into a wasteland. He vowed (发誓) that someday he would make the land green again.”可知，附近的一片美丽森林被变成了荒地。他发誓说，总有一天他会让这片土地重新变得绿意盎然。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Every week, he made his secret journey and did the same job”可知，每周，他都会进行这样的秘密行动，所以是偷偷进行的，所以sneaked out应该是“偷偷溜走”的意思，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Paul broke down and cried. Then he got up and kept planting.”可知，保罗情绪崩溃，哭了起来。随后他站起身来，继续播种。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Now the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees, grass and bushes.”可知，如今这里已变成了一万四千英亩的树林、草地和灌木丛。故选C。 （七） （2025·山东济宁·中考） Jimmy Carter is a 10-year-old boy who has visited many places around the world. But unlike most travelers, Jimmy “sees” these places from his mother’s back. Born with blindness and disability, Jimmy depends completely on his mother Anna and needs round-the-clock care. Jimmy has a wheelchair, but they have never enjoyed using it. Every day, Anna carries Jimmy on her shoulders and helps him walk a short way with support. Together, they have traveled to many countries, visiting museums and taking wonderful photos to share happy moments. Before each trip, Anna makes a plan and calls the travel companies to make sure they understand the situation. She always wakes up early to prepare meals, help Jimmy get dressed, and take care of all his needs. It is difficult, but she has made up her mind to give her son the best life she can provide. When not traveling, they enjoy simple pleasures at home. They often ride a special bike together through their neighborhood, meeting their friendly neighbors. Over time, these neighbors often praise Anna for her courage and care toward her son. Anna still remembers how her heart “broke” when she learned her son was blind for life. It took years to overcome those feelings of hurt. “Being a mom, my life is different,” she says, “but I will never stop being there for Jimmy because he makes my life meaningful.” 1．What does the underlined word “round-the-clock” mean? A．step by step B．sooner or later C．from time to time D．all day and night 2．How does Jimmy “see” the world during his travels? A．On a special bike. B．On his mother’s shoulders. C．By using a wheelchair. D．With his neighbors’ help. 3．How does Jimmy spend time at home? A．Meeting his neighbors. B．Learning how to cook meals. C．Watching movies with his mother. D．Practicing how to use his wheelchair. 4．What is the main idea of the story? A．Traveling requires a careful plan. B．neighborhood support is important. C．A mother’s love can overcome difficulties. D．Blindness can prevent people from being happy. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位母亲安娜不辞辛苦地照顾失明的儿子吉米，并带他旅行，用爱克服困难的故事。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Jimmy depends completely on his mother Anna and needs round-the-clock care.”可知，吉米完全依赖妈妈，需要持续不断的照顾，故round-the-clock意为“all day and night”，即“全天候”。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“But unlike most travelers, Jimmy ‘sees’ these places from his mother’s back.”以及 “Every day, Anna carries Jimmy on her shoulders and helps him walk a short way with support. Together, they have traveled to many countries, visiting museums and taking wonderful photos to share happy moments.”可知，吉米旅行时是坐在妈妈肩膀上“看”世界的。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“When not traveling, they enjoy simple pleasures at home. They often ride a special bike together through their neighborhood, meeting their friendly neighbors.”可知，在家时，吉米常和妈妈骑特殊的自行车见邻居。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文，特别是“but I will never stop being there for Jimmy because he makes my life meaningful.”可知，文章主题是母爱能战胜一切困难。故选C。 （八） （2025·山东潍坊·中考） During the 2021 Shanghai Fashion Week, a young, slim and confident model with an iron leg drew everyone’s attention. Her name was Niu Yu. She lost her right leg in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. She was only 11 years old then. Niu Yu used to be in the school sports team. She loved running. But the disaster broke her dream. She had to live with an artificial leg. It wasn’t comfortable, and her leg often bled. People’s curious eyes made her even more uncomfortable. She always tried to hide her leg under jeans or dresses. With the support of her family and friends, Niu Yu slowly came out from the shadows. In 2018, right before her 21st birthday, she decided not to hide her leg any longer. To her surprise, she received lots of encouraging words. She also finished a half marathon in about 4 hours. She completed the hard 10-year journey of finding herself again. Now Niu Yu puts her experiences on social media (媒体). She listens to disaster survivors and encourages them to look forward. In 2023, she carried the torch (火炬) at the FISU World University Games. “It is a great honour for me,” she said. “But it is also a good chance to show people the power of being brave.” A disaster can bring wounds and pain. But we should always face them with courage. As the writer Nora Ephron once said, “Above all, be the hero of your life, not the victim (受害者).” 1．Why did Niu Yu try to hide her leg? A．It often bled. B．It was uncomfortable. C．She wanted to be a model. D．She tried to avoid the strange eyes. 2．What’s Niu Yu’s purpose of putting her experiences on social media? A．To become a famous star. B．To get support from others. C．To cheer up people in trouble. D．To win the hearts of more fans. 3．Which is the right order of the facts about Niu Yu according to time? ① She performed in Shanghai Fashion Week. ② She lost her right leg. ③ She finished a half marathon. ④ She carried the torch at the FISU World University Games. A．②①④③ B．②③①④ C．③④①② D．③②④① 4．What can we learn from Niu Yu? A．Face difficulties bravely. B．Life can’t go without heroes. C．Protect yourself before disasters. D．Friendship is necessary to everyone. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文通过汶川地震幸存者牛钰的成长历程。 1．细节理解题。根据“People’s curious eyes made her even more uncomfortable. She always tried to hide her leg under jeans or dresses.”可知，因为人们好奇的目光让她感到不自在，所以把腿藏起来是为了躲避他人异样的目光，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Now Niu Yu puts her experiences on social media (媒体). She listens to disaster survivors and encourages them to look forward.”可知，她想通过分享自己的经历激励困境中的人，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“ She lost her right leg in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake.”可知，2008年失去右腿，②排在第一位，排除C和D选项。根据“ In 2018…She also finished a half marathon in about 4 hours. She completed the hard 10-year journey of finding herself again.”可知，2018年完成半马，③排在第二位，排除A选项，故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“But we should always face them with courage”及“Above all, be the hero of your life, not the victim (受害者).”可知，她勇敢面对困难，做自己人生的英雄，从她的经历我们学到了“要勇敢面对困难”，故选A。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $