Unit 2 Lessons in life 高考真题练（同步练习）-【学而思·PPT课件分层练习】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）

高考真题练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2025北京,D) The call to “know yourself” has been there since ancient times, but our sense of self doesn􀆳t always match what others perceive. Considering the stories we tell about ourselves can help us to change our minds for better. For many years, psychologists saw identity as a combination of someone􀆳s values, beliefs, goals and social roles. Then, in the 1980s, Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity, in which he proposes that, as we go through life, these core features are built in with our memories to create a personal story through which we understand our lives. Our life story is something that starts coming together in our teenage years, when we begin to organise our lives into chapters around key events or life changes, and begin to see ourselves as both the central character and, to a varying extent, the story􀆳s author. People with more consistent stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity, and they feel their life has more meaning, direction and sense of purpose. Such people show greater overall life satisfaction, too. Johnson has also investigated the link between well-being and certain story themes. He discovered that whether someone describes having had some control over events in their past is an important predictor of a person􀆳s mental health. Another key theme involves finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events. “People could talk about gaining knowledge or personal growth,” says Johnson. His research shows that this is often missing for people with mental health conditions. The good news is that there is evidence we can learn to change our own story. Lisa Green, another researcher, sounds a few notes of caution (谨慎). For instance, hearing about the power of redemptive (拯救性的) stories, many people may feel forced to find a positive angle on horrible events. She says that Western culture already pushes people to look for the silver lining behind every cloud. If you want to turn over a new leaf, though, one top tip is that it helps to choose a significant date that signals the start of a new “chapter”. Contrary to popular doubt, resolutions made on 1 January are more effective for this reason. So, whether your goal is saving money or getting fit, there is no better time to become the author of our own destiny (命运). 1.What can be inferred about personal stories? A.They are unrelated to health. B.Consistent ones lead to stress. C.They are relevant to happiness. D.Thematic ones hold back change. 2.What can we learn from this passage? A.Talking about gains from failure is negative. B.New Year resolutions are well received. C.The West tends to overvalue optimism. D.Social roles fail to be highlighted. 3.What does the author mainly do in this passage? A.Clarify a goal. B.Analyse an event. C.Make a comparison. D.Illustrate an approach. 4.What is the passage mainly about? A.How self-identity works. B.How story-tellers are made. C.How personal stories raise doubts. D.How timing affects personal identity. 高考词汇 派生/合成词汇 1.satisfy v.使满意/满足→　　　　　 n.满意,满足  2.predict v.预测→　　　　　 n.预测器,预报性的事物  3.stress v.(使)焦虑不安;强调;重读 n.压力;强调;重要性→　　　　　 adj.压力重的,紧张的  4.self-identity n.　　　　  5.well-being n.　　　　  Ⅱ.七选五 (2025新课标Ⅱ) Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults? 　1　 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.  •You􀆳ll feel like you have more time. People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. 　2　  •You can live longer if you volunteer regularly. 　3　 Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives.  •　4　  Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren􀆳t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen􀆳s well-being in the years to come. •You􀆳ll have more time with family. Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. 　5　 Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.  A.Helping the community lowers rates of depression. B.Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. C.Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. D.Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice. E.For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. F.You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn􀆳t know about before. G.Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　   高考词汇 派生词汇 1.expected adj.预期的→　　　　　adj.出乎意料的,始料不及的  2.positive adj.积极的→　　　　　adv.积极地,乐观地;绝对地,肯定地  3.actual adj.实际的,真正的→　　　　　adv.实际上,事实上  4.regular adj.频繁的;经常做的;有规律的→　　　　　adv.经常;间隙均匀地,有规律地  5.depress v.使沮丧;压→　　　　　n.沮丧,消沉  答案与分层梯度式解析 高考真题练 Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了个人故事与自我认同、幸福感之间的关系及如何改变个人故事。 【篇章结构图】　1.Considering　2.identity　3.themes　4.caution　5.significant 1.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“People with more consistent stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity, and they feel their life has more meaning, direction and sense of purpose. Such people show greater overall life satisfaction, too.”可知,拥有更连贯故事的人往往有更强的身份认同感,他们觉得自己的生活更有意义、更有方向、更有目标感,而且这样的人对生活的满意度也更高。由此可知,个人故事与幸福感相关。故选C。 2.C　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“many people may feel forced to find a positive angle on horrible events. She says that Western culture already pushes people to look for the silver lining behind every cloud.”可知,西方文化迫使人们在每件坏事中寻找积极的一面,由此可推知,西方过度重视乐观主义。故选C。 3.D　推理判断题。文章开篇首先说明了自我认知和他人认知之间存在偏差,随后通过“Considering the stories we tell about ourselves can help us to change our minds for better.”引出了解决方案,即思考我们讲述的关于自己的故事能帮助我们更好地改变想法。接着介绍了Bob Johnson的生命故事模型,并阐述了个人故事与身份认同、幸福感、心理健康等的关系。最后还给出了改变自己故事的建议,如选择一个重要的日期开启新的“篇章”。整体来看,作者是在阐述一种通过讲述个人故事来实现自我改变、塑造自我身份的方法,故D选项正确。 4.A　主旨大意题。文章首句提出“了解自己”这一呼吁自古以来就存在,接着介绍了心理学家对身份认同的不同看法,重点阐述了Bob Johnson的生命故事模型。文章还提到个人故事与身份认同、幸福感、心理健康等的关系,以及我们可以通过改变个人故事来塑造自我。综上,文章整体介绍了自我身份认同是如何发挥作用的,故A选项正确。方法归纳 　　本文采用 “总—分—总” 结构,以理论为基础、研究为支撑、辩证思考为补充,最终落脚于可操作的建议,逻辑严密且兼具学术性与实用性。考生可根据文章结构“提出主题—理论阐述—研究论证—辩证讨论—实践建议”概括文章主要内容。 【高考词汇站】　1.satisfaction　2.predictor　3.stressful 4.自我认同　5.幸福;健康 Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家庭共同参与志愿活动带来的意外好处。 1.B　过渡句。空前以两个提问引出家庭共同活动的需求(寻找使家庭成员凝聚在一起的方式和成员的共同爱好),空后指出志愿服务对家庭有意外的积极影响。选项 B (全家一起做志愿者可能正是你需要的)直接回应上文的问题,且引出下文对家庭志愿活动好处的具体说明,形成“提问—建议—展开”的结构。故选B。 2.G　细节句。根据本段标题“You􀆳ll feel like you have more time. (你会觉得自己有更多时间)”可知本段内容与“时间”有关。上文提到,研究发现,为社区事业投入时间实际上会让你感觉自己有更多的时间。G项(志愿活动让你感觉有能力,并激励你充分利用每一天)从心理层面解释了“时间充裕感”的原因,与上文中的研究发现构成因果关系,符合本段“时间”的话题。故选G。 3.E　过渡句。本段小标题为“You can live longer if you volunteer regularly.(如果你经常做志愿服务,你会更长寿)”。空后提到,华盛顿大学的研究表明,55岁及以上的志愿者比其他同龄人记忆力更好、整体健康维持更久。E项(对成年人来说,志愿服务能带来显著的身体健康益处)不仅承接本段小标题,且能概括下文研究结论,其中“For adults”对应“adults 55 and older”,“physical health benefits”概括了“better memory”和“maintained overall health”。故选E。 4.C　主旨句。根据文章结构可知,本空为本段小标题。根据本段主要内容“志愿服务对青少年的积极影响(提升成绩、增强自信、影响未来幸福感)且这些影响在未来数年持续影响青少年的身心健康”可知,C项(志愿活动对儿童和青少年有终身影响)可概括段落主题,其中的“lifelong effect”对应“affect a teen􀆳s well-being in the years to come”,“on kids and teenagers”覆盖段落讨论的年龄群体。故选C。 5.F　细节句。上文提到一起做志愿者的家庭有朝着共同目标努力的独特经历,下文提到每个人都能带来独特的东西,并能以新的方式相互联系,结合选项可推知,F项(你甚至可能会得知你的孩子有你以前不知道的天赋)符合语境,说明“独特的东西”是什么。F项中的“learn that your kid has a talent”体现下文的“Everyone brings something unique”。故选F。 【高考词汇站】　1.unexpected　2.positively　3.actually 4.regularly　5.depression 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $