UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 高考真题练（同步练习）-【学而思·PPT课件分层练习】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

高考真题练 阅读理解 A (2024新课标Ⅱ,D) Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design:A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution(变革). In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code(代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.   As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell's point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. 1.What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.If read by someone poorly educated. B.If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C.If written by someone less competent. D.If translated by someone unacademic. 2.What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text? A.It is packed with complex codes.　　 B.It adopts a down-to-earth writing style. C.It provides step-by-step instructions.　　 D.It is intended for AI professionals. 3.What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A.Observe existing regulations on it. B.Reconsider expert opinions about it. C.Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D.Learn from prior experience to slow it down. 4.What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A.To recommend a book on AI. B.To give a brief account of AI history. C.To clarify the definition of AI. D.To honor an outstanding AI expert. 高考词汇站 派生/合成词汇 1.absorb v.吸引全部注意力;吸收;理解→　　　　 adj.十分吸引人的,引人入胜的  2.understand v.理解,明白;了解→　　　　 adj.可以理解的,合情合理的  3.access vt.接近;使用;访问(计算机文件)→　　　　 adj.易懂的;易接近的;可使用的  4.information n.信息,资料,情报→　　　　 adj.富有有益信息的;提供有用信息的  5.aware adj.意识到的,知道的→　　　　 n.意识,认识  6.great adj.大的;伟大的;优秀的→　　　　 n.伟大,杰出  7.sideline vt.　　　  8.downfall n.　　　  熟词生义 9.address vt.　　  B (2023浙江1月,C) A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel's former national debating champion. Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it:“There's never a stage at which the system knows what it's talking about.” What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean. Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that's why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. 5.Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph? A.To explain the use of a software program. B.To show the cleverness of Project Debater. C.To introduce the designer of Project Debater. D.To emphasize the fairness of the competition. 6.What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A.Arguments.　　B.Doubts. C.Errors.　　D.Differences. 7.What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond? A.Create rules.　　 B.Comprehend meaning. C.Talk fluently.　　 D.Identify difficult words. 8.What can we learn from the last paragraph? A.Social interaction is key to understanding symbols. B.The human brain has potential yet to be developed. C.Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters. D.Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. 高考词汇站 派生词汇 1.perform v.做;执行;运转→　　　　 v.做得比……好,超过  2.weak adj.(能力)弱的;无力的→　　　　 n.弱点,缺点,不足  3.argue v.论证;争论;争辩→　　　　 n.论点,论据;争论;争辩  4.relevant adj.紧密相关的;切题的→　　　　 adj.无关紧要的;不相关的  5.interact vi.互动;相互作用;交流→　　　　n.互动,交流;相互影响,相互作用  6.intelligent adj.智能的;聪明的→　　　　 n.智能;智力;智慧  答案与分层梯度式解析 高考真题练 A ◎语篇解读　本文为说明文。文章围绕对AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence这本书的介绍和评价展开,探讨分析了当前AI的发展趋势和即将到来的AI革命,呼吁人们共同面对。 长难句She writes which . 译文:她以商人的实用视角而非学者的角度来写作,打造出一本非常通俗易懂、信息丰富的指南,读至结尾时,它会让你觉得自己和人工智能几乎一样聪明。 【篇章结构图】　1.challenges　2.business　3.responsible 4.prevent 1.C　词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的but表示转折关系,根据后面的“more than two decades' professional experience(二十多年的专业经验)”“writes from the practical angle(从实用的角度来撰写)”和“making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative(成就了一本非常易懂且信息丰富的指南)”可知,Campbell的专业经验和写作角度使这本书通俗易懂。据此推断,but前的内容应该是这本书如果由不合适的人来写,可能会像复杂的电脑代码一样难以理解,强调的是撰写者的能力,而不是阅读者、评论者或翻译者的能力。故选C。 2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic(以商人而非学者的实用角度来撰写)”和“highly accessible and informative(非常易懂且信息丰富)”可以推断,这本书很务实和接地气(down-to-earth)。故选B。 3.C　细节理解题。第三段中的“She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence(她说我们有必要控制人工智能)”提到了Campbell对人工智能的态度。再根据倒数第二段中的“wake up those responsible for AI(唤醒那些为AI负责的人)” “act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity(现在就行动起来,防止发生人类灭绝级别的事件)”和“global regulation(全球控制)”可知,Campbell敦促人们共同努力,控制AI的发展。故选C。 4.A　推理判断题。本题考查文章写作目的。文章主要是围绕对AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence这本书的介绍和评价展开的,包括书的作者及其写作能力、书的风格和内容等。由最后一段“AI将影响我们所有人,如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书,就选这本吧”可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于AI的书。故选A。 【高考词汇站】　1.absorbing　2.understandable 3.accessible　4.informative　5.awareness　6.greatness 7.把……排除在核心之外;使靠边　8.衰落;衰败;垮台 9.处理,解决(问题) B ◎语篇解读　本文为说明文。文章主要通过介绍一个击败以色列前国家辩论冠军的软件程序“Project Debater”以及它明显的缺陷——无法理解意义,说明了社会交往才是理解意义的关键所在。 长难句1 is the question of meaning, intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines.  译文:Hammond指的是意义的问题,而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的核心。 长难句2 may seem, the tradition (Confucius) will not end with artificial intelligence.  译文:那就是为什么无论Project Debater看起来多么令人惊讶,始于苏格拉底和孔子的传统不会以人工智能结束。 5.B　根据第一段中“Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel's former national debating champion.”可知Project Debater可以打败人类对手,甚至包括以色列前国家辩论冠军Noa Ovadia,此处显示出它的聪明程度。 6.C　根据第二段中“This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem.”可知,作者表明这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误,而这些错误无疑会被消除。因此Such wrinkles指的是上文中的“the kinds of errors”。 7.B　根据第三段中“But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.”可知,Project Debater并没有具体说明那些符号的意思,事实上对计算机来说,意义是无关紧要的。所以Project Debater不能理解意义。 8.A　根据最后一段中“Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads.”可知,意义是通过社会互动的过程产生的,而不是计算过程,这些互动过程塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容,这也是人类区别于计算机的不同之处。 【高考词汇站】　1.outperform　2.weakness　3.argument 4.irrelevant　5.interaction　6.intelligence 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $