Unit 6 Period 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas（课件）英语外研版选择性必修第三册

Period 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas Unit 6 Nature in words 外研版选择性必修第三册 Learning Objectives To understand the main idea and structure of the passage. To appreciate the descriptive language used in the passage. To develop the ability to express personal experiences about nature. Contents 01. Lead in 02. Pre-reading 03. While Reading 04. Post Reading 05. Summary 06. Assessment 07. Homework 01. Lead in 01. Lead in 1 Activity 1 Lead in What do you think of the two spring scenes? How do they make you feel? Why does the second spring become so silent? What may cause this? 02. Pre-reading 2 Activity 1 Lead in Look at the form below and answer the questions. Facts about DDT: DDT was first produced in 1874 and was later used as pesticide. It stays in the environment. It is highly poisonous to living organism, including humans. Now banned in many countries, it is still used in some for malaria (疟疾) control. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2 Activity 1 Lead in How does DDT reach the human body in the food chain? When DDT is sprayed onto plants in order to kill insects, it is absorbed by the plants and later consumed by animals; humans in turn eat those animals. DDT also leaks through the soil and into rivers and lakes, where it contaminates fish consumed by humans. Look at the form below and answer the questions. 2 Activity 1 Lead in What harm does DDT cause? DDT is highly poisonous to living organism, including humans. For dozens of years, human beings have paid a heavy price for it :a large number of birds have died out ; Germ cells have been damaged ; Various chronic diseases have appeared... Look at the form below and answer the questions. 2 Activity 1 Lead in 上个世纪60年代科学家们发现DDT在环境中非常难降解，并可在动物脂肪内蓄积，甚至在南极企鹅的血液中也检测出DDT,鸟类体内含DDT会导致产软壳蛋而不能孵化，尤其是处于食物链顶级的食肉鸟，如:美国国鸟白头海雕几乎因此而灭绝(生物放大)。 1962年， 美国科学家蕾切尔.卡逊(RachelCarson)在其著作《寂静的春天》中怀疑，DDT进入食物链，是导致一些食肉和食鱼的鸟接近灭绝的主要原因。 03. While Reading 3 Read the book review on Silent Spring, a book that led to the banning of DDT. Predict what will be mentioned in the passage. What is the main topic of the passage? What is the author's purpose in writing this passage? 3 Read the book review on Silent Spring, a book that led to the banning of DDT. Predict what will be mentioned in the passage. What is the main topic of the passage? A. The life story of Rachel Carson. B. The impact and significance of Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring. C. The history of the environmental movement in the US. D. The harmful effects of the pesticide DDT. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage? A. To persuade readers to use pesticides more responsibly. B. To criticize the pesticide industry for its unethical practices. C. To introduce Rachel Carson and highlight the enduring importance of her work Silent Spring. D. To provide a scientific analysis of the ecological damage caused by pesticides. 3 Read the book review on Silent Spring, a book that led to the banning of DDT. Predict what will be mentioned in the passage. What are the main causes of the "silent spring" mentioned in the passage? A. Natural climate change and seasonal migration of birds. B. The widespread and harmful use of pesticides like DDT. C. Industrial pollution and urbanization. D. Overhunting and deforestation. What harms does ecological destruction bring to nature and humans? A. Only the decline of bird populations. B. Disruption of natural ecosystems and potential harm to human health. C. Only economic losses for the pesticide industry. D. No significant impact on either nature or humans. What suggestions does the author put forward to protect the ecology? A. Continue using pesticides as before, as their benefits outweigh the risks. B. Use pesticides in a more responsible, limited, and carefully monitored way. C. Ban all human activities that affect the environment. D. Rely solely on new technologies to solve environmental problems. 3 Organise information from the passage and complete the notes about Silent Spring. Silent Spring Author: Rachel Carson Year of publication: 1 _________________________ Purposes: Carson aimed to alert people to 2 ___________ ___________________ on natural ecosystems. She wished to see pesticides used in a 3 ________________________________________ way. Features of the book: Carson wrote a lot of 4 ___________________ ___________________in the book. The arguments are strong and the language is 5 _________________________. the damaging of human activity 1962 more responsible, limited and carefully monitored scientific information, examples and research beautiful and elegant 3 Organise information from the passage and complete the notes about Silent Spring. Opposing voices: 6 ________________________ said that Carson’s research is not precise. Carson appeared in public and on television to 7 ________________________. Influence of the book: 8 ________________ was banned and the EPA was established in the US. Carson earned a posthumous 9 _____________________. The book changed the world by increasing people’s Silent Spring 10 ____________________. The pesticide industry defend her claims The use of DDT Presidential Medal of Freedom environmental awareness Para.1 There was a strange stillness. The birds, for example—where had they gone? Many people spoke of them, puzzled and disturbed. The feeding stations in the backyards were deserted. The few birds seen anywhere were moribund; they trembled violently and could not fly. It was a spring without voices. On the mornings that had once throbbed with the dawn chorus of robins, catbirds, doves, jays, wrens, and scores of other bird voices there was now no sound; only silence lay over the fields and woods and marsh. 四周弥漫着一种诡异的寂静。比如鸟儿 —— 它们都去哪儿了？人们对此议论纷纷，心中充满困惑与不安。后院的喂食点变得冷冷清清。仅存的几只鸟也已奄奄一息，它们剧烈颤抖，无法飞翔。这是一个没有鸟鸣的春天。曾经，清晨的知更鸟、猫鹊、鸽子、松鸦、鹪鹩以及数十种其他鸟类的鸣唱让黎明充满生机，如今却万籁俱寂；田野、树林与沼泽之上，唯有沉默笼罩。 Para.1 moribund (adj.) 濒死的，垂死的 dawn chorus (n.) 黎明的鸟鸣大合唱 许多，大量 scores of (phr.) 沼泽，湿地 marsh (n.) for example 例如（举例说明，用鸟类消失佐证 “诡异的寂静”） Para.2 Rachel Carson was a scientist by profession, but these lines from the opening chapter of her 1962 book Silent Spring, “A Fable for Tomorrow”, show her talent as a writer. By imagining a world without birds, she aimed to alert not only the scientific community but also the general public to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystems—in particular, to the harmful use of pesticides, such as DDT. She believed that the chemical industry was knowingly causing harm to plants, animals and even humans, and wished to see pesticides used in a more responsible, limited and carefully monitored way. 蕾切尔・卡森的本职是科学家，但她 1962 年的著作《寂静的春天》开篇《明日寓言》中的这些文字，展现了她作为作家的天赋。通过构想一个没有鸟类的世界，她旨在不仅提醒科学界，也提醒普通大众关注人类活动对自然生态系统的破坏性影响 —— 尤其是滴滴涕（DDT）等农药的有害使用。她认为化工行业是在明知的情况下对植物、动物乃至人类造成伤害，并希望农药的使用能更负责任、更具限制性且受到严格监控。 Para.2 by profession (phr.) 职业上，本职是 alert sb. to sth. (phr.) 提醒某人注意某事 ecosystem (n.) 生态系统 杀虫剂，农药 pesticide (n.) 故意地，明知故犯地 knowingly (adv.) 受监控的 monitored (adj.) but：但是（转折，对比其科学家身份与作家天赋） by：通过…… 方式（表手段，引出警示的具体方法） not only...but also...：不仅…… 而且……（并列，强调警示对象的全面性） in particular：尤其，特别（递进，聚焦农药这一核心危害） such as：比如（举例，明确农药的具体类型 DDT） and：并且（并列，连接其观点与诉求） Para.3 Carson urged people to make themselves aware of the facts and do something about the situation. Silent Spring contains a lot of scientific research and case studies. The book details the gypsy moth eradication programme, which killed birds, in addition to gypsy moths. Another case study was the fire-ant programme that killed cows, but not fire ants. The book also gives dozens of other examples of eradication programmes that did nothing to reduce the problems they were originally designed to solve. The 50 or so pages at the end of the book list Carson’s sources, showing how thorough and precise she was as a scientist. 卡森敦促人们了解事实真相，并为改变现状采取行动。《寂静的春天》包含了大量科学研究与案例分析。书中详细记述了舞毒蛾根除计划 —— 该计划除了杀死舞毒蛾，还导致了鸟类死亡。另一个案例是火蚁根除计划，该计划杀死了牛，却没能消灭火蚁。书中还列举了数十个其他类似的根除计划案例，这些计划不仅没有解决其原本旨在解决的问题，反而毫无成效。书末约 50 页的篇幅列出了卡森的资料来源，彰显了她作为科学家的严谨与精准。 Para.2 urge sb. to do sth. (phr.) 敦促某人做某事 case study (n.) 案例研究 eradication programme (n.) 根除计划 and：并且（并列，连接 “了解事实” 与 “采取行动” 的呼吁） which：关系代词（定语从句，补充根除计划的负面后果） another：另一个（并列，引出第二个案例） but：但是（转折，凸显计划的适得其反） also：还（递进，说明案例的数量之多） that：关系代词（定语从句，强调计划的无效性） showing：现在分词（表结果，佐证其科学家的严谨性） in addition to (phr.) 除…… 之外（还） 原本，起初 originally (adv.) 详尽的，彻底的 thorough (adj.) 精确的，严谨的 precise (adj.) Para.4 Carson’s message was very alarming, causing a great increase in environmental awareness. Its impact was immediate and far-reaching: the use of DDT was banned and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was established in the US. Silent Spring was therefore regarded as a milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world. It also earned Carson a posthumous Presidential Medal of Freedom and put her face on the 17-cent US stamp. 卡森传递的信息令人警醒，极大地提升了公众的环保意识。这本书的影响立竿见影且深远：滴滴涕的使用被禁止，美国环境保护署（EPA）也应运而生。因此，《寂静的春天》被视为西方世界发起绿色运动的里程碑。这本书还为卡森赢得了死后追授的总统自由勋章，并让她的肖像登上了美国 17 美分的邮票。 Para.4 alarming (adj.) 令人担忧的，触目惊心的 environmental awareness (n.) 环保意识 far-reaching (adj.) 影响深远的 causing：现在分词（表结果，引出观点带来的直接影响） :（冒号）：解释说明，具体阐述 “立竿见影且影响深远” 的具体表现 therefore：因此（因果，由政策影响推出其历史地位） also：还（递进，补充其获得的个人荣誉） 禁止（核心政策动作） ban (v.) 里程碑，重要转折点 milestone (n.) 发起，启动 launch (n.) 死后的，身后的 posthumous (adj.) Para.5 Silent Spring was not, however, received positively by everyone. Though Carson’s research was strong and was supported by most scientists who reviewed her work, the book quickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry. They said that Carson did not understand the science behind her arguments. Some also said that her work was more emotional than scientific. These were attempts to damage Carson’s reputation and stop her work from influencing public policy, but she remained determined to stand by her research. Carson appeared in public and on television to defend her claims—and today, more than 50 years after it was published, the voice of Silent Spring is still ringing loud and clear. 然而，《寂静的春天》并非得到了所有人的积极认可。尽管卡森的研究论据充分，并得到了大多数审阅者的支持，但这本书很快成为了农药行业批评者的攻击目标。他们声称卡森并不理解其论点背后的科学原理，还有人表示她的作品重情感而轻科学。这些都是试图诋毁卡森的声誉、阻止其研究影响公共政策的行为，但她始终坚定地捍卫自己的研究成果。卡森通过公开场合与电视节目为自己的主张辩护 —— 如今，在这本书出版 50 多年后，《寂静的春天》的呼声依然清晰有力。 Para.5 positively (adv.) 积极地，正面地 critic (n.) 批评者，反对者 reputation (n.) 声誉，名誉 however：然而（转折，开启反方观点，与上文的赞誉形成对比） though：尽管（让步，承认其研究的权威性，同时引出争议） and：并且（并列，连接批评者的两点理由） these were attempts to：这些都是试图……（总结批评者的目的） but：但是（转折，凸显卡森的坚定立场） and：并且（并列，连接其辩护行动与至今的影响力） 坚持，捍卫 stand by (phr.) 为自己的主张辩护 defend one’s claims (phr.) （声音、信息）清晰有力，依然响亮 ring loud and clear (phr.) Para.6 Personally, I enjoy Carson’s book. She made a crucial but potentially difficult-to-understand subject interesting and accessible to millions of people. This is not so much because of the quality of her arguments, strong though they are, but because of the beauty and elegance of her writing. Her writing not only changed the world; it also, half a century later, remains a book that deserves to be reread today, so that we can once again feel ourselves warm to the fire of its passionate messages. For unless we do listen to Rachel Carson’s warning, one day we may wake up to the strange and quiet horror of another silent spring. 就我个人而言，我十分喜爱卡森的这本书。她将一个至关重要但原本可能晦涩难懂的话题，变得有趣且让数百万人都能读懂。这与其说是因为她论据的质量（尽管论据十分充分），不如说是因为她文笔的优美与典雅。她的文字不仅改变了世界，在半个世纪后的今天，依然是一本值得重读的著作，让我们能够再次被其中充满激情的理念所感染。因为除非我们真正听从蕾切尔・卡森的警告，否则终有一天，我们可能会在另一个 “寂静的春天” 那诡异而沉寂的恐惧中惊醒。 Para.5 crucial (adj.) 至关重要的，决定性的 accessible (adj.) 易懂的，可获取的 elegance (n.) 优雅，优美（形容文笔） personally：就个人而言（引出主观评价） not so much...but because...：与其说…… 不如说……（对比，强调文笔的重要性） strong though they are：尽管它们很有力（倒装让步，呼应前文的研究权威性） not only...but also...：不仅…… 而且……（并列，强调作品的现实意义） so that：以便，为了（表目的，说明重读的意义） unless：除非（表条件，发出警示，呼应开篇） 值得做某事 deserve to do (phr.) 充满激情的，热切的 passionate (adj.) 恐惧，惊骇 horror (n.) 04. Post Reading Discussion Is technological development more important than ecological protection? Pro Side (Technological development is more important) Viewpoint: Technological development is the foundation of ecological protection; without it, we cannot effectively safeguard the environment. Technology helps us control pollution and develop eco-friendly alternatives, such as safer pesticides to replace DDT. Without technology, we cannot even detect environmental problems, let alone solve them. Con Side (Ecological protection is more important) Viewpoint: Technological development is the foundation of ecological protection; without it, we cannot effectively safeguard the environment. Technology helps us control pollution and develop eco-friendly alternatives, such as safer pesticides to replace DDT. Without technology, we cannot even detect environmental problems, let alone solve them. Exercise In Rachel Carson’s book Silent Spring, she imagined a world without birds, aiming 1.________ (alert) the scientific community and the general public to the damaging effects of human activity 2.________ natural ecosystems. She wished to see pesticides 3.________ (use) in a more responsible, limited and carefully monitored way. Carson urged people 4.________ (make) themselves aware of the facts and do something about the situation. The 50 or so 5.________ (page) at the end of the book list Carson's sources, showing how thorough and precise she was as a scientist. Carson’s message was very alarming, 6.________ (cause) a great increase in environmental awareness. Its impact was immediate and far­reaching: the use of DDT 7.________ (ban) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was established in the US. 8. ________, Silent Spring was not received positively by everyone. Though Carson’s research was strong and was supported by most scientists 9. ________ reviewed her work, the book quickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry. 10. ________ (personal), I enjoy Carson’s book. She made a crucial but potentially difficult­to­understand subject interesting and accessible to millions of people. to alert on/upon used to make pages causing was banned However who/that Personally Think and share 1 Why was Silent Spring so successful? 2 What is the moral lesson behind “A Fable for Tomorrow”? 3 Why did some people challenge Carson’s findings? 4 In what different ways do First Snow and Silent Spring raise people’s awareness of nature? 1 Why was Silent Spring so successful? Silent Spring was so successful because it alerted the general public to the dangers of DDT. It planted important new ideas in the public mind, such as that spraying chemicals to control insect populations has an impact on other wildlife, and that the chemicals got into the food chain. 2 What is the moral lesson behind “A Fable for Tomorrow”? The moral lesson is that financial profit should not come at the expense of the environment and the creatures living in it. 3 Why did some people challenge Carson’s findings? Some people challenged Carson’s findings because they were concerned about the negative impact they would have on business in the pesticide industry. 4 In what different ways do First Snow and Silent Spring raise people’s awareness of nature? First Snow shows the beauty of nature—and in particular the snow—through its words and imagery, while Silent Spring describes an unnatural spring without the beauty of birdsong. They each raise people’s awareness of nature by highlighting the interplay between nature and human behavior. 05. Summary 06. Assessment Learning Objectives Score(1-5) 1.Watch videos to understand the development history, representative works, and content of different literary forms related to nature themes, activating their existing background knowledge and linguistic knowledge. 2.Develop a sense of awe for nature through discussions about nature-related literary works and the significance of nature. 3.Use reading strategies to grasp the main idea and structure of this passage. 5-完全能；4-基本能；3-不确定；2不太能；1-完全不能 07. Homework 作业一：以《The First Snow I Experienced》为题，写 5-8 句话描述自己经历的初雪，至少用上文中的 6 个单词 / 短语，重点突出景物描写和个人感受。 作业二选一 作业一： 以《My View on Ecological Protection》为题，写 5-8 句话阐述自己对生态保护的看法，至少用上文中 6 个单词 / 短语，重点突出核心观点和简单理由。 作业二： 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友 Tom 对《寂静的春天》一书很感兴趣，他来信询问你对书中 “生态保护” 理念的理解以及中国的生态保护实践。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 简要解读 “寂静的春天” 的含义； 分享中国在生态保护方面的 1-2 个实践案例； 呼吁双方共同参与全球生态保护。 要求：词数 80 左右，行文连贯，开头和结尾已给出。 作业一：以《The First Snow I Experienced》为题，写 5-8 句话描述自己经历的初雪，至少用上文中的 6 个单词 / 短语，重点突出景物描写和个人感受。 作业二参考范文 Dear Tom, Glad to hear that you are interested in the concept of ecological protection in Silent Spring. The "silent spring" refers to the sad scene where nature loses its vitality due to ecological destruction. In China, we have taken many measures to protect the environment, such as launching afforestation projects and restricting the use of harmful pesticides. These efforts have helped restore ecological balance in many areas.Ecological protection is a global responsibility. Let's work together to protect nature and avoid a "silent spring". Yours, Li Hua Thank you for your listening $